Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a multifunctional powder feeding system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim: a multifunctional powder feeding system is characterized in that: the laser comprises a laser, a powder feeder, an adjusting mechanism, a wide-facula powder feeding channel, a protective gas blowing channel and a powder feeding water cooling channel, wherein the powder feeder is fixed on one side of the laser and is connected with a powder feeding port of the wide-facula powder feeding channel through a pipeline, the protective gas blowing channel and the powder feeding water cooling channel are respectively arranged on two sides of the wide-facula powder feeding channel, and one side of the protective gas blowing channel is connected with one side of the laser through the adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a fine adjustment base, a ventilation opening frame, an X-direction dovetail block, a Y-direction dovetail block, a rotating arm, an adjusting middle arm and an adjusting lower arm; the fine adjustment base is fixed at the side part of the ventilation opening frame, the X-direction dovetail block is matched with a dovetail groove transversely arranged on the fine adjustment base and is transversely adjusted through an X-direction adjusting bolt, and the Y-direction dovetail block is matched with a dovetail groove longitudinally arranged on the X-direction dovetail block and is longitudinally adjusted through a Y-direction adjusting bolt; the center of the upper part of the rotating arm is connected with the side part of the Y-direction dovetail block through a bolt, the upper part of the rotating arm is provided with an arc-shaped adjusting groove, and a positioning bolt penetrates through the adjusting groove to fasten the rotating arm and the Y-direction dovetail block; the upper part of the adjusting middle arm is connected with the lower part of the rotating arm through a bolt, the lower part of the adjusting middle arm is connected with the upper part of the adjusting lower arm through a bolt, and the lower part of the adjusting lower arm is connected with the side part of the protective gas blowing channel.
Preferably, the upper part of the powder feeder is connected with a powder barrel, and the powder feeder is driven by a motor to distribute powder in the powder barrel into a wide-light-spot powder feeding channel.
Preferably, the lower part of the rotating arm is provided with two connecting plates, the two connecting plates are respectively provided with a strip-shaped groove, the upper part of the adjusting middle arm is provided with an adjusting groove, the upper part of the adjusting middle arm is inserted between the two connecting plates, the bolt penetrates through the strip-shaped groove and the adjusting middle arm, and the two ends of the bolt are fastened by nuts.
Preferably, a light barrier is hinged to the lower portion of the vent frame.
Preferably, an air knife edge is arranged below the fine adjustment base and connected with compressed air to form an air curtain from front to back.
Preferably, a fan is connected to the vent frame to generate a pressure difference in the left-right direction.
Compared with the existing structure, the invention has the advantages that the temperature is higher because the powder feeding port is close to the molten pool, and the lower part of the powder feeding port is provided with the water cooling channel of the powder feeding port, so that the constant temperature at the powder feeding port is ensured. The upper part of the powder feeding port is provided with a protective gas blowing port, and inert gas is blown out to effectively protect a molten pool. The powder feeding port with wide light spots is centered, and a protective gas blowing channel and a powder feeding port water cooling channel are sequentially fixed up and down. The upper part of the powder feeding port is sequentially provided with an adjusting lower arm, an adjusting middle arm and a rotating arm which are connected, so that the coarse adjustment and the positioning of any angle in a large range are facilitated.
Detailed Description
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface on … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1, a multifunctional powder feeding system comprises a laser 1, a powder feeder 2, an adjusting mechanism 3, a wide-spot powder feeding channel 4, a protective gas blowing channel 5 and a powder feeding water cooling channel 6, wherein the powder feeder is fixed on one side of the laser, the upper part of the powder feeder is connected with a powder barrel 7, and the powder feeder is driven by a motor 8 to distribute powder in the powder barrel into the wide-spot powder feeding channel. The powder feeder is arranged at the upper part of the laser, which is beneficial to smooth gravity powder feeding; the powder feeder is driven by a motor to uniformly distribute the powder in the powder barrel.
The powder feeder is connected with the powder feeding port of the wide-facula powder feeding channel through a pipeline, and the powder feeding port is designed into a comb-shaped powder outlet, so that powder is evenly paved.
The protective gas blowing channel and the powder feeding water cooling channel are respectively arranged at two sides of the wide light spot powder feeding channel, and the powder feeding water cooling channel is arranged at the lower part of the powder feeding port to ensure the constant temperature at the powder feeding port. The upper part of the powder feeding port is provided with a protective gas blowing port for blowing inert gas to protect the molten pool.
One side of the protective gas blowing channel is connected with one side of the laser through the adjusting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 2, to facilitate coarse adjustment and positioning at a wide range of arbitrary angles, the adjusting mechanism includes a fine adjustment base 30, a vent frame 31, an X-direction dovetail block 32, a Y-direction dovetail block 33, a swivel arm 34, an adjusting middle arm 35, and an adjusting lower arm 36; the vent frame is fixed at the bottom of the laser, the fine tuning base is fixed at the side part of the vent frame, the X-direction dovetail block is matched with a dovetail groove transversely arranged on the fine tuning base and is transversely adjusted through an X-direction adjusting bolt 37, the X-direction dovetail block moves in the X-direction dovetail groove of the fine tuning base, and the X-direction dovetail block is responsible for precise adjustment in the horizontal direction. The Y-direction dovetail block is matched with a dovetail groove longitudinally arranged on the X-direction dovetail block and longitudinally adjusted through a Y-direction adjusting bolt 38, and the Y-direction dovetail block is responsible for precise adjustment in the vertical direction. The upper center of the rotating arm is connected with the side part of the Y-direction dovetail block through a bolt, an arc-shaped adjusting groove 39 is formed in the upper portion of the rotating arm, the positioning bolt penetrates through the adjusting groove to fasten the rotating arm and the Y-direction dovetail block, the rotating arm can rotate, and finally the rotating arm is fixed through the positioning bolt. The upper part of the adjusting middle arm is connected with the lower part of the rotating arm through a bolt, the lower part of the adjusting middle arm is connected with the upper part of the adjusting lower arm through a bolt, and the lower part of the adjusting lower arm is connected with the side part of the protective gas blowing channel. Coarse adjustment and positioning of large angles can be performed by adjusting the middle arm and adjusting the lower arm.
In the invention, two connecting plates 341 are arranged at the lower part of the rotating arm, bar-shaped grooves 342 are respectively arranged on the two connecting plates, an adjusting groove 351 is arranged at the upper part of the adjusting middle arm, the upper part of the adjusting middle arm is inserted between the two connecting plates, a bolt penetrates through the bar-shaped grooves and the adjusting middle arm, and two ends of the bolt are fastened by nuts. The adjusting groove 351 on the adjusting middle arm has certain resilience force, and after the two connecting plates are clamped, the adjusting middle arm can be fixed more tightly, so that the loosening is avoided when the adjusting middle arm is used for a long time.
In the invention, the lower part of the vent frame is hinged with a light barrier 9. Part of stray light reflected by the molten pool is blocked, so that the laser is prevented from being burnt out by reflection, and part of smoke dust can be blocked.
In the invention, an air knife edge 10 is arranged below the fine adjustment base and is connected with compressed air to form an air curtain from front to back. The lens of the laser outlet is protected from being polluted by welding fume.
When the site is not provided with compressed air, the vent frame can be connected with a small fan to generate pressure difference in the left-right direction to replace a wind knife edge to blow away smoke dust above a molten pool.
The U-shaped water cooling channel is arranged on the transverse plate at the upper part of the light barrier and used for receiving cooling water to protect the light barrier from continuous operation for a long time under laser irradiation.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.