Wedge block screw internal fixing deviceTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an internal fixing device for wedge screws.
Background
The bones are divided into cortical bone and cancellous bone, the cortical bone is also called dense bone and is distributed on the surface of the bone to maintain the hardness and the compactness of the bone, and the cancellous bone has lower bone density than the cortical bone, is spongy and has high elasticity and is distributed in the bone. Osteoporosis, the osteoporosis, is a group of bone diseases caused by various reasons, bone tissues have normal calcification, calcium salt and matrix are in normal proportion, and metabolic bone lesions are characterized by reduction of the bone tissue quantity in unit volume.
In the case of osteoporosis, the requirements for bone screws may be greater. The existing bone screw for osteoporosis still has the defects that 1) the size of the existing bone screw is limited by the width of the bone plate, the bone plate is too large in width and is not beneficial to observing the healing condition of fracture, the bone screw is too small in width, the anti-extraction force and the anti-shearing force of the bone screw are not enough, especially under the condition of serious osteoporosis, the possibility of fastening failure of the bone screw is higher, and 2) the bone screw with variable pitch or variable outer diameter is used for fixing loose bone in the prior art, but the difficulty of the operation is higher, for a patient with loose bone, thinner cortical bone bears the main anti-extraction force and the friction force of the screw, at the moment, once the stress at the cortical bone is too large, the screw connection at the cortical bone is extremely likely to be invalid, and the screw is finally loosened or even broken only by the anti-extraction force and the friction force of the spongy bone bears the screw, and then the internal fixation is failed.
Meanwhile, fracture is the most common and most serious complication of osteoporosis, most of the prior internal fixation of the fracture is performed by adopting a spongy bone screw, and the contact area between screw teeth and bone is increased by radial screwing into the bone, and although the anti-extraction force and friction force of the screw are improved to a certain extent, the screw and the bone are repeatedly contacted and extruded for a long time, so that the final anti-extraction force of the screw is insufficient for a long time, and finally the internal fixation is failed. There are also some methods for fixation using double cortical bone screws, but this approach is highly likely to cause secondary damage to the contralateral soft tissue of the bone, and the procedure requires drilling, tapping, handling of the nail and screwing steps during surgery, which makes the patient more susceptible to infection.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the wedge screw internal fixing device which can be used for the internal fixation of osteoporosis and fracture, can ensure that the diameter of the wedge screw is not limited by the width of the personalized bone plate, greatly improves the size design space of the personalized bone plate and the wedge screw, ensures that the screw can keep good anti-pulling force and friction force for a long time in loose bone fixation, and can be permanently fixed, safe and reliable for long-term osteoporosis patients.
The wedge screw internal fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
The lower wedge block screw comprises a bevel cylinder small screw section and a bevel cylinder large screw section which are connected in sequence, wherein a cross-shaped groove is formed in the top surface of the bevel cylinder small screw section, an external thread is formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylinder small screw section, the bevel cylinder large screw section is provided with an inclined plane, and a self-tapping screw tooth is formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylinder large screw section;
The upper wedge block inclined circular tube is internally provided with a channel along the axial direction for the inclined cylindrical small screw section to pass through, the channel is of an elliptic cylinder structure, the inclined cylindrical small screw section passes through the channel from bottom to top and is sleeved in the upper wedge block inclined circular tube, so that the lower wedge block screw is sleeved with the upper wedge block inclined circular tube, the bottom surface of the upper wedge block inclined circular tube is an inclined surface, and the inclined angle of the inclined surface of the inclined cylindrical large screw section is equal to that of the bottom surface of the upper wedge block inclined circular tube;
the personalized bone plate is provided with a screw hole, and the screw hole is provided with an internal thread matched with the inclined cylindrical small screw section.
The wedge screw internal fixing device provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
The upper wedge oblique circular tube and the lower wedge oblique circular tube are sleeved with each other, sliding of the upper wedge oblique circular tube and the lower wedge screw on an inclined plane can be achieved, when the upper wedge oblique circular tube and the lower wedge oblique circular tube are fixed, the lower wedge screw drives the upper wedge oblique circular tube to rotate in the screwing direction of a screwdriver to drive the lower wedge screw to move upwards through screwing the cross-shaped groove from bottom to top, meanwhile, self-tapping screws in the oblique cylindrical large screw section tap bone in the bottom to top direction, so that the lower wedge screw can keep good anti-extraction force and friction force for a long time in loose bone fixation, the upper wedge oblique circular tube and the lower wedge screw are combined, the upper wedge oblique circular tube and the lower wedge screw can be fixed without penetrating through a personalized bone plate when being fixed like in a traditional mode, therefore the diameter of the lower wedge screw is not limited by the width of the personalized bone plate, the size design space of the personalized bone plate and the screw is greatly improved, the diameter of the lower wedge screw is not limited by the width of the personalized bone plate, the personalized bone plate is greatly improved, the size design space is designed to be simple and easy and convenient, and the bone plate is easy to install, and convenient for a patient to install, and the bone structure is easy and easy to use, and the patient can be fixed for a long time.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the lower wedge screw is integrally formed, so that looseness of connection between the inclined cylinder small screw section and the inclined cylinder large screw section can be avoided, and stability is enhanced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the outer diameter of the large inclined cylindrical screw section is equal to the outer diameter of the inclined circular upper wedge pipe.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the personalized bone plate is further provided with a boss, the boss is provided with a through hole, the through hole is internally provided with internal threads identical to the screw thread holes, and the through hole and the screw thread holes are coaxial and together allow the oblique cylindrical small screw section to pass through. The personalized bone plate can be ensured to have enough screw holes to be matched with the inclined cylindrical small screw sections, the whole thickness of the personalized bone plate is not influenced after the personalized bone plate is fixed, and the fixed connection between the inclined cylindrical small screw sections and the personalized boss is further ensured.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the through hole is located in the center of the boss. The stress is even, and the stability of the personalized bone plate when being connected with the lower wedge block screw is further enhanced.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the personalized bone plate is integrally formed through 3D printing, so that the personalized bone plate can be designed and prepared according to the actual situation of a patient to more precisely match the situation of the patient.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the wedge screw internal fixation device is made of titanium alloy material.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an upper wedge oblique circular tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lower wedge screw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wedge screw internal fixation device incorporating bone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
upper wedge inclined circular tube 100, channel 110,
Lower wedge screw 200, inclined cylinder small screw section 210, cross-shaped groove 211, inclined cylinder large screw section 220, self-tapping screw 221,
Personalized bone plate 300, boss 310,
Bone 400.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the direction or positional relationship indicated with respect to the description of the orientation, such as up, down, etc., is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as provided, installed, connected, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by those skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
A wedge screw internal fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1,2 and 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the wedge screw internal fixation device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a lower wedge screw 200, an upper wedge pocket 100, and a personalized bone plate 300. The lower wedge screw 200 comprises a bevel cylindrical small screw section 210 and a bevel cylindrical large screw section 220 which are sequentially connected, a cross-shaped groove 211 is formed in the top surface of the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210, an external thread is formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210, the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220 is provided with an inclined plane, a self-tapping screw tooth 221 is formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220, and the combination of the upper wedge bevel round tube 100 and the lower wedge screw 200 can be fixed without passing through the personalized bone plate 300 as in the traditional internal fixation, so that the diameter of the lower wedge screw 200 is not limited by the width of the personalized bone plate 300, the size design space of the personalized bone plate 300 and the screw is greatly improved, and the size design space of the personalized bone plate 300 and the wedge screw is greatly improved; the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 is internally provided with a passage 110 with an elliptic cylinder structure along the axial direction for the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210 to pass through, the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210 is sleeved in the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 from bottom to top through the passage 110, so that the lower wedge screw 200 is sleeved with the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100, the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 and the lower wedge screw 200 can slide on an inclined plane, the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 is fixed up and down, the lower wedge screw 200 slides upwards along the inclined plane in the fixing process, the outer diameter of the oblique cylindrical large screw section 220 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100, the bottom surface of the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 is an inclined plane with the inclined angle equal to the inclined plane in the oblique cylindrical large screw section 220, the personalized bone plate 300 is provided with a screw tooth hole with an inner screw thread matched with the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210, and when the fixing is carried out, the cross-shaped groove 211 is screwed from bottom to top, the lower wedge screw 200 can drive the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 to rotate along the screwing direction of the screw driver, so that the lower wedge screw 200 is driven to move upwards, and meanwhile, the self-tapping screw 221 in the oblique cylindrical large screw section 220 taps the bone 400 from bottom to top, so that the lower wedge screw 200 can maintain good anti-extraction force and friction force for a long time in the fixation of the loose bone 400.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower wedge screw 200 is integrally formed, so that loosening of the connection between the inclined cylindrical small screw section 210 and the inclined cylindrical large screw section 220 can be avoided, and stability is enhanced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer diameter of the beveled cylindrical large screw segment 220 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper wedge beveled round tube 100.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the boss 310 is further provided on the personalized bone plate 300, a through hole is provided on the boss 310, the through hole is provided with internal threads identical to the screw hole, the through hole is coaxial with the screw hole and is used for the inclined cylindrical small screw section 210 to pass through together, so that the personalized bone plate 300 can be ensured to have enough screw hole to be matched with the inclined cylindrical small screw section 210, the overall thickness of the personalized bone plate 300 is not affected after fixation, and the fixed connection of the inclined cylindrical small screw section 210 and the personalized boss 310 is further ensured.
In some embodiments of the invention, the through hole is located in the center of boss 310. The force is uniform, further enhancing the stability of the personalized bone plate 300 when it is attached to the lower wedge screw 200.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the personalized bone plate 300 is integrally formed through 3D printing, and the design of the boss 310 in the personalized bone plate 300 is combined with the accuracy advantage of the 3D printing personalized bone plate 300, so that the personalized bone plate 300 can be fixed as a pressing plate or a locking plate, and the personalized bone plate 300 can be designed and prepared according to the actual situation of a patient to more accurately match the situation of the patient.
In some embodiments of the invention, the wedge screw internal fixation device is made of a titanium alloy material.
Other constructions and operation of the wedge screw internal fixation device according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
Referring now to fig. 1-3, a wedge screw internal fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail in one specific embodiment. It is to be understood that the following description is exemplary only and is not intended to limit the invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the wedge screw internal fixation device includes a lower wedge screw 200, an upper wedge pocket 100, and a personalized bone plate 300. The lower wedge screw 200 is a bevel cylindrical small screw section 210 and a bevel cylindrical large screw section 220 which are sequentially connected, a cross-shaped groove 211 is formed in the top surface of the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210, an external thread is formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylindrical large screw section 210, a bevel is formed in the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220, self-tapping threads 221 are formed in the outer wall of the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220, an elliptical column channel 110 is axially formed in the upper wedge bevel round tube 100, the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210 penetrates through the channel 110 from bottom to top and is sleeved in the upper wedge bevel round tube 100, the outer diameter of the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper wedge bevel round tube 100, the bottom surface of the upper wedge bevel round tube 100 is a bevel, the bevel is equal to the bevel in the bevel cylindrical large screw section 220, a screw tooth hole is formed in the personalized bone plate 300, the screw tooth hole is provided with an internal thread matched with the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210, the upper bevel round tube 100 and the lower wedge screw 200 are combined through the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210, and the bevel cylindrical small screw section 210 is placed below the personalized bone plate 300 and aligned with the screw hole in the personalized bone plate 300.
Specifically, when the wedge screw internal fixing device is applied to an internal fixing operation of an osteoporosis patient, a drill is used for drilling a designed hole site, the diameter of a nail way is required to be equal to the outer diameter of the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100, and the depth of the nail way is equal to the height of the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 plus the height of a boss 310 in the personalized bone plate 300, so that enough screw holes are ensured to be matched with the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210, the integral thickness of the personalized bone plate 300 is not influenced after the fixation, and the fixed connection between the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210 and the personalized boss 310 is further ensured; the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 and the lower wedge screw 200 are combined through the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210, the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210 in the lower wedge screw 200 is placed into a screw channel in the upward direction, the oblique cylindrical small screw section 210 of the lower wedge screw 200 is aligned with a through hole in the center of a boss 310 in the personalized bone plate 300 and a screw hole above the boss 310, the lower wedge screw 200 is screwed into the through hole in the center of the boss 310 of the personalized bone plate 300 by a cross screw driver, at the moment, the personalized bone plate 300 is pressed and moved downwards, the lower wedge screw 200 drives the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100 to rotate in the screwing direction of the screw driver, the personalized bone plate 300 is continuously screwed after being attached to the upper wedge oblique circular tube 100, at the moment, the lower wedge screw 200 drives the upper oblique circular tube 100 to continuously rotate and the lower wedge screw 200 starts to move upwards into the screw hole in the personalized bone plate 300, and simultaneously, the self-tapping screw 221 on the oblique cylindrical large screw section 220 starts to tap bone 400 from bottom to top until the lower wedge screw 200 slides in the limited position of the channel 110 of the upper wedge 100, namely the bone 400 is fixed. In this way, the diameter of the lower wedge screw 200 is not limited by the width of the personalized bone plate 300, the size design space of the personalized bone plate 300 and the wedge screw is greatly improved, and the screw can maintain good anti-extraction force and friction force for a long time in the fixation of the loose bone 400, especially for patients with long-term osteoporosis 400, and the reliability of internal fixation can be ensured.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the term "some embodiments" or "examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.