Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded construction of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a central shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper main structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper body in full section according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the lower main structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower body in full section according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a winding post arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a winding post arrangement according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a winding post according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a winding post according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a winding post according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a woven drug stent according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a layout view of a winding post area of a knitting tool CT1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for knitting a knitting tool CT1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is an expanded view of a knitting tool CT1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 shows two positions and winding patterns of an initial winding post O of a knitting tool CT1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 18a shows a wire winding around a winding post according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18b is a schematic view of a wire wound around a support peak of a spool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19a is a front view of a wire wrapped around a spool and wrapped around one turn in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19b is a schematic view of the stent apices with wires wrapped around the winding post and wrapped around the inside of a circle of front view in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 20a is a side view of a wire wrapped around a spool and wrapped around one turn in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 20b is a schematic view of a stent apex of a side view of a wire wrapped around a winding post and wrapped inside a circle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21a is a front view of a wire wound around a spool and wrapped around one turn in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21b is a schematic view of the apices of the stent with wires wrapped around the winding post and wrapped around a front view in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22a is a side view of a wire wrapped around a spool and wrapped around one turn in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22b is a schematic view of the stent apices of a side view of a wire wrapped around a winding post and wrapped around a turn of the wire in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 23a shows a solution of the invention with the wire wound around the winding post;
FIG. 23b is a schematic view of a stent vertex with a wire wrapped around a winding post according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24a is a form of a middle spool processing scheme according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24b is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24c is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24d is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24e is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24f is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24g is a further version of a middle spool processing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a schematic illustration of one form of treatment for the beginning and ending portions of stent braiding in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a layout of a winding post area of a knitting tool CT2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for knitting CT2 of a knitting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 28 is an expanded view of a knitting tool CT2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 29a effect of winding post diameter D2 as inflection point on stent wire trend;
Fig. 29b effect of winding post diameter D3 as inflection point on stent wire trend;
FIG. 30 is a layout view of a winding post area of a knitting tool CT3 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary method for knitting CT3 of a knitting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 32 is an expanded view of a knitting tool CT3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 33 is a schematic view showing the development of a stent woven by the weaving method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 34a is a schematic view showing the development of a stent with a starting point of knitting by the knitting method according to the sixth embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 34b is a schematic view showing the development of a stent with different knitting points knitted by the knitting method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 35a is a schematic view showing the deployment of a stent having the same starting point as the stent knitted by the knitting method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 35b is a schematic view showing the development of a stent with different starting points for knitting by the knitting method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 36a is a schematic view showing the deployment of a stent having the same starting point as the stent knitted by the knitting method according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 36b is a schematic view showing the development of a stent with different knitting start points knitted by the knitting method according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawing are 1, main body, 11, upper main body, 111, first connecting hole, 112, first square hole, 113, first mounting groove, 114, first column, 115, second column, 12, lower main body, 121, second connecting hole, 122, second square hole, 123, second mounting groove, 13, central shaft, 131, square column, 132, external screw thread, 14, fastening nut, 15, spring, 16, slot, 17, vent, 2, winding column, 21, zone A, zone B, 23, zone C, 24, zone D, 25, initial winding column, 26, zone E, 27, zone F.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the bracket braiding tool comprises a main body 1 and a plurality of rows of winding posts 2, wherein the winding posts 2 are arranged around the surface of the main body 1 and used for winding and braiding wires, and the intervals between the winding posts 2 are the same or different.
The silk thread is woven through the winding post 2, the winding post 2 is arranged along the surface of the main body 1 in a surrounding manner, so that the silk thread can be wound back and forth along the surface of the main body 1 in the weaving process, the part of the silk thread passing through the winding post 2 becomes a folding point of the silk thread, and the silk thread becomes a shaping supporting point of the bracket due to the fact that the silk thread is wound for many times and finally forms a supporting role, so that the bracket can adapt to the internal structure of a paranasal sinus, and the integral shape of the shaped bracket can be adjusted by changing the diameter of the main body 1, the distance between rows of the winding posts 2 and the winding mode of the silk thread between the roots of each row of the winding posts 2.
The diameter of the winding post 2 is in the range of 0.2mm-3.0mm, and the diameter of the winding post 2 is 0.5-10 times of the diameter of the silk thread.
Referring to fig. 2, the body 1 includes an upper body 11, a lower body 12, a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14. The upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are connected by a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14 is screwed to the central shaft 13, and is provided outside the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, respectively, to fix the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 with the central shaft 13.
The main body 1 is made of a stable material which does not generate physical deformation or chemical change such as cracking, softening, volatilizing and the like under a high temperature or rapid cooling state, and the material can be one or a combination of a plurality of materials selected from special glass, ceramics, metals, metal alloys and high polymer materials.
The main body 1 is cylindrical, drum-like or dumbbell-like, and the diameter of the main body 1 ranges from 10mm to 100mm.
A support braiding molding method adopts the support braiding tooling to carry out braiding molding, and comprises the following steps:
the winding post comprises an initial winding post 25 and a knitting winding post. Fixing the silk thread on the initial winding post 25, and then sequentially winding the silk thread on the weaving winding post of the tool, and winding the silk thread along the surface of the tool for one circle, wherein the silk thread is made of degradable materials or non-degradable materials;
step two, when knitting in the second circle, the winding path of the silk thread is geometrically complementary with the winding path of the first circle;
step three, when knitting is carried out for a new circle each time, the winding path of the silk thread is geometrically complementary with the winding path of the previous circle, thus the preliminary knitting is completed circularly, and a preliminary formed bracket is formed;
Step four, carrying out local connection and fixation on the preliminarily molded bracket, and carrying out connection and fixation treatment on the positions of initial braiding, ending braiding and silk thread crossing;
Fifthly, carrying out heat treatment on the bracket after the local connection and fixation treatment to finish the heat setting of the bracket;
and step six, rapidly cooling the heat-set bracket at low temperature to finish the whole braiding and setting of the bracket.
The material of the filaments may be the polymer filaments, degradable polymer materials and non-degradable polymer materials mentioned in patent CN101945621B and patent WO2017206155, including but not limited to polylactic acid, L-polylactic acid, polyglycolide/lactide copolymer, polycaprolactone, amyl polyhydroxybutyrate, polyacetylglutamate, poly-n-ester and polyethylene oxide/polybutylene copolymer, copolymers or blends of polydioxanone, polybutylene succinate, polyglycerol sebacate, chitosan, PVA, etc., magnesium metal, magnesium alloy, zinc-based alloys, iron-based alloys, tungsten-based alloys. The material mentioned in the patent may include a polymer material such as polyurethane (polyurethane), polypropylene (Polypropylene), polytetrafluoroethylene (Poly tetra fluoroethylene), fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer (Fluorinated ethylene propylene), acrylic resin (ACRYLIC RESIN), polymethyl methacrylate (PBMA), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), polyvinylpyrrolidone, or a metal material such as nickel-titanium alloy. The degradable material can also be polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPEC), poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and other copolymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) and modified polymers thereof, polyvinyl alcohol grafted polylactic acid polyglycolic acid copolymer (PVA-LGA), phosphorylcholine polymers and the like. The silk thread needs to be homogeneous, the surface can be smooth or rough, silk threads with different materials and specifications can be selected according to factors such as implantation position, space size, stress requirement, implantation time and the like, and factors influencing the physical properties of the implanted stent include silk thread materials, diameters, weaving methods, stent shapes and the like. Factors influencing the degradation performance of the stent are thread material, thread diameter, etc. Preferably, the silk thread is made of polymer materials such as polylactic acid, L-polylactic acid, polyglycolide/lactide copolymer, etc.
In an embodiment, the weaving winding posts include four rows of winding posts arranged in parallel, namely, an area a 21, an area B22, an area C23 and an area D24 in sequence, wherein the number and the spacing of the winding posts of the area a 21 and the area D24 are the same and are aligned up and down, and the number and the spacing of the winding posts of the area B22 and the area C23 are the same and are aligned up and down. In other embodiments, the number of rows of knitting posts is not limited.
In one embodiment, the first circumferential weave may be counter-clockwise or clockwise wrapped in a "V" path, and the second circumferential weave may be a complementary weave forming a geometric configuration according to the first circumferential weave.
In the first step, when the numbers of winding posts in the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 3n, the numbers of winding posts in the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n, respectively, or when the numbers of winding posts in the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 3n+1, the numbers of winding posts in the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n, respectively, or when the numbers of winding posts in the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 3n+2, the numbers of winding posts in the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n+1, respectively, the winding manner of the wire may be selected to be wound in a "large W" path manner, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 15.
When the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 4n, the numbers of the winding posts of the b region 22 and the C region 23 are 2n, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 4n+1, the numbers of the winding posts of the b region 22 and the C region 23 are 2n, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 4n+2, the numbers of the winding posts of the b region 22 and the C region 23 are 2n+1, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 2n+3, the numbers of the winding posts of the b region 22 and the C region 23 are 2n+1, respectively, the winding manner of the wire may be selected to be wound in a "large W-small v" path manner, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 15.
When the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 5n, the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 5n+1, the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 5n+2, the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n+1, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 5n+3, the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n+1, respectively, or when the numbers of the winding posts of the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 5n+4, the b region 22 and the C region 23 are n+1, respectively, the winding manner of the wire may be selected to be wound in a "large W large V" path, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 15.
In other embodiments, the braiding wound post further comprises an E-zone and an F-zone wound post arranged in parallel, and the number of the wound posts of the E-zone and the F-zone is equal, and the winding posts of the E-zone and the F-zone are aligned up and down, the E-zone is arranged between the a-zone 21 and the B-zone 22, and the F-zone is arranged between the C-zone 23 and the D-zone 24, wherein the pitches of the a-zone 21 and the E-zone, the E-zone and the B-zone 22, the C-zone 23 and the F-zone, and the F-zone and the D-zone 24 are equal.
In the fourth step, the connection and fixation treatment can use a connection and fixation mode without damaging the whole structure and the strength of the bracket, and can be one or a combination of a plurality of modes such as mechanical structure connection, welding and bonding. Specifically, the mechanical structure connection mode can be a fastener connection mode, a hinge connection mode, a threaded connection mode, a shrinkage connection mode, a buckle connection mode and the like, the welding mode can be a heating welding mode, an ultrasonic welding mode, a vibration welding mode, a resistance welding mode, an induction welding mode, a positioning welding mode, a riveting welding mode and the like, the connection mode can also be a laser welding mode under the proper condition, the bonding mode can be a bonding mode by using commercially available implantable medical equipment glue, a bonding mode can be a bonding mode by using a polymer material with a lower glass transition temperature, a bonding mode can be a bonding mode by using a solvent bonding mode or an organic solvent solution mode of the polymer material, and the like. Preferably, the same polymer material or organic solvent solution of the same polymer material is selected for bonding, so that other risks brought to the bracket by introducing other solutions or materials are reduced. Specifically, in the stent shown in fig. 16, bonding may be performed at the intersection, and if appropriate, the connection may be performed at the portion where the B, C winding post section wires are in contact, so that deformation of the stent during compression deformation may be appropriately reduced, and the operator may better compress the stent.
In the fifth step, the stent needs to be subjected to heat setting treatment, and the treated stent has a braided shape, so that a long-time supporting effect and a large radial force can be provided. In particular, the temperature for shaping the stent is selected in relation to the material of the woven stent, and in general, when the material of the selected filaments is a high molecular polymer, the temperature for heat-shaping is higher than the glass transition temperature of the selected material and lower than the melting temperature of the material, preferably at 100-180 ℃ for 5-20min, for example 160 ℃ for 10min.
In the sixth step, after the heat setting of the support is completed, the support needs to be rapidly cooled at a low temperature, and the temperature and time of the cooling are similar to the quenching process of metal, the support needs to be cooled to about room temperature in a short time, and the temperature can be selectively cooled for 3-8min at a temperature ranging from-20 ℃ to-60 ℃. For example, at-40℃for 5min.
After the stent is woven and shaped, the inner part or the surface of the stent can be loaded with medicine by a physical or chemical method. Specific methods such as coating, leaching, ion exchange and adsorption can be selected. The drugs include, but are not limited to, anti-inflammatory drugs, antiallergic drugs, anticoagulants, antithrombin drugs, immunomodulators, hemostatic drugs, etc. When the drug coating is coated and leached, the specific drug coating comprises a drug, a drug-carrying base layer, a plasticizer, a slow release agent and the like, and the drug-carrying base layer can be biodegradable or can be a special material with micropore shape, such as polylactide, polyglycolide-lactide copolymer, chitosan, gelatin, fibrin, medical gel and the like. Ion exchange and adsorption drug loading requires the chemical means to selectively load the drug on the stent surface or inside the stent before or after the stent is woven.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a fixture for weaving a bracket, which comprises a main body 1 and a plurality of rows of winding posts 2, wherein the winding posts 2 are arranged along the surface of the main body 1 in a surrounding manner and used for winding and weaving wires, and the intervals between the winding posts 2 are the same or different.
The diameter of the winding post 2 is 0.4mm-1.6mm, and the diameter of the winding post 2 is 0.5-10 times of the diameter of the silk thread.
Referring to fig. 2, the body 1 includes an upper body 11, a lower body 12, a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14. The upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are connected by a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14 is screwed to the central shaft 13, and is provided outside the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, respectively, to fix the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 with the central shaft 13. The body 1 includes an upper body 11, a lower body 12, a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14. The upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are connected by a central shaft 13, and a fastening nut 14 is screwed to the central shaft 13, and is provided outside the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, respectively, to fix the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 with the central shaft 13.
Referring to fig. 5, the upper body 11 is provided at the center thereof with a first connection hole 111, the first connection hole 111 penetrating the upper body 11, and the lower body 12 is provided at the center thereof with a second connection hole 121, the second connection hole 121 penetrating the lower body 12. The center shaft 13 passes through the first and second connection holes 111 and 121 at both ends thereof, respectively, to pass through the upper and lower bodies 11 and 12 together.
The center shaft 13 penetrates the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, and limits the left and right relative positions between the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 so that the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are on the same center axis. Meanwhile, fastening nuts 14 are respectively provided at outer sides of both ends of the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 to be fastened in cooperation with threads at both ends of the central shaft 13, so that relative displacement between the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 in the direction of the central shaft 13 is restricted.
Referring to fig. 3, the middle section of the central shaft 13 is a square cylinder 131, and both ends of the central shaft 13 are provided with external threads 132. Square holes are formed in the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, and the square holes are a first square hole 112 and a second square hole 122 respectively. The upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are positioned by the cooperation of square holes and square columns 131 and the central shaft 13. The first and second square holes 112, 122 cooperate with the square cylinder 131 such that the axial relative displacement between the upper and lower bodies 11, 12 is limited.
Referring to fig. 2, the body 1 further includes a spring 15. The upper body 11 and the lower body 12 are provided with seating grooves, respectively, a first seating groove 113 and a second seating groove 123. The spring 15 has two ends respectively abutting against the first seating groove 113 and the second seating groove 123, and is disposed in the seating grooves of the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, i.e., respectively abutting against the bottoms of the first seating groove 113 and the second seating groove 123, thereby forming elastic support for the upper body 11 and the lower body 12. When the fastening nut 14 is loosened, a relatively stable state can be maintained between the upper body 11 and the lower body 12 within a certain range due to the elastic supporting action of the spring 15.
Referring to fig. 2, a slot 16 is provided on an outer wall of the main body 1, and the winding post 2is fixed to the main body 1 through the slot 16. The winding post 2is perpendicular to or obliquely fixed with the surface of the main body 1, and the inclination angle of the winding post 2 and the surface of the main body 1is 90 degrees to 135 degrees. In the present embodiment, the shape of the slot 16 is cylindrical, and in other embodiments, the shape of the slot 16 may be rectangular or polygonal.
Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the winding post 2 has a rounded end columnar structure, and the winding post 2 is disposed at 90 ° to the surface of the main body 1. Referring to fig. 9-12, in other embodiments, the cylinder of the winding post 2 may be curved, may be curved at one end, may be curved at two ends, may be curved with a single-sided cylinder, may be curved with a double-sided cylinder, and may be disposed at an angle with respect to the surface of the main body 1. The shape of the portion of the winding post 2 connected to the slot 16 is different according to the shape of the slot 16.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the body 1 is 20mm-60mm.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the upper body 11 includes a first cylinder 114 and a second cylinder 115 which are integrated, and the first cylinder 114 has an outer diameter larger than that of the second cylinder 115. The outer diameter of the lower body 12 is the same as the outer diameter of the first cylinder 114. The first cylinder 114, the second cylinder 114 and the lower cylinder 12 are all cylindrical. The provision of the second cylinder 115 having a smaller diameter than the first cylinder 114 and the lower body 12 enables the yarn to be woven more conveniently.
Referring to fig. 4-5, the main body 1 is further provided with a vent hole 17 for ventilation between the center of the tool and the outside, which is helpful for improving the temperature rising and reducing speed of the tool during the later shaping of the bracket.
Example two
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 14, the winding posts 2 are divided into four rows, each of which is annularly disposed around the main body 1, and is respectively a region a 21, a region B22, a region C23, and a region D24. The number and spacing of the winding posts in the a and D regions 21 and 24 are the same and aligned up and down, and are disposed on the first post 114 and the lower body 12, respectively. The winding posts in the B region 22 and the C region 23 are the same in number and pitch and are aligned up and down, and are disposed on the second post 115. And the spacing between the B region 22 and the C region 23 is equal to or greater than the wire diameter.
The axial distances of the A, B area and the C, D area are equal to H1, the axial distance H2 of the B, C area and the axial distance H2 of the A, D area are respectively and uniformly distributed on a circumference around the winding posts in the upper and lower areas, the distance L1 is reserved, the winding posts of the B, C area are respectively and uniformly distributed on a circumference around the winding posts in the upper and lower areas, the distance 2L1 is reserved between every two winding posts in the circumferential direction, and the distance A2 is 1/2L 1.
In this embodiment, the tooling is a 14-column tooling CT1, i.e. the number of winding columns according to the a-zone and the D-zone is 14, the number of winding columns of the B-zone and the C-zone is 7, and the arrangement mode is equally-spaced and equally-divided circumferential arrangement.
The winding post 2 further comprises an initial winding post 25 for determining the initial braiding position of the filaments, ensuring that the filaments do not slide relative to each other during braiding. In the present embodiment, the initial winding post 25 is disposed above the a-region winding post or the D-region winding post 21.
The stent braiding molding method comprises the following steps:
fixing a silk thread on an initial winding post, sequentially winding the silk thread on the winding post of a tool according to a specific braiding method, and winding the silk thread around the surface of the tool for one circle, wherein the silk thread is made of degradable materials or non-degradable materials;
step two, when knitting in the second circle, the winding path of the silk thread is geometrically complementary with the winding path of the first circle;
step three, when knitting is carried out for a new circle each time, the winding path of the silk thread is geometrically complementary with the winding path of the previous circle, thus the preliminary knitting is completed circularly, and a preliminary formed bracket is formed;
Step four, carrying out local connection and fixation on the preliminarily molded bracket, and carrying out connection and fixation treatment on the positions of initial braiding, ending braiding and silk thread crossing;
Fifthly, carrying out heat treatment on the bracket after the local connection and fixation treatment to finish the heat setting of the bracket;
and step six, rapidly cooling the heat-set bracket at low temperature to finish the whole braiding and setting of the bracket.
In this embodiment, the material of the silk thread is a glycolide-lactide copolymer [ Poly (latide-co-glycolide), PLGA ] which is one of degradable polymer materials, has excellent biocompatibility, in vivo degradability, non-toxic and absorbable degradation products, good formability and good mechanical properties, is one of materials which can be used as pharmaceutical excipients and is already authenticated by the American FDA, and is widely used in medical industry, such as surgical suture lines, pharmaceutical carriers and the like. The diameter of the wire is selected in the range of 0.1mm to 2.0mm.
The weaving mode of the silk thread can select a single silk thread to weave according to a 'big W-small v' path mode, namely the weaving method provided by fig. 15 is wound into a bracket fig. 13, and the woven bracket is unfolded as shown in fig. 16. Specifically, the circumferential direction of the tool is taken as the winding direction. The yarn takes the initial winding post 25 as a knitting starting point, the yarn is fixed on the initial winding post 25 and then directly extends to the winding post D2, extends to the winding post C1 after the half of the anticlockwise winding D2, extends to the winding post D3 after the half of the anticlockwise winding C1, extends to the winding post A4 after the half of the anticlockwise winding D3, so as to finish the winding of 'large W', continues knitting, extends to the winding post B2 after the half of the anticlockwise winding A4 and extends to the winding post A5 after the half of the anticlockwise winding B2, and finishes the winding of 'small V'. The weaving of the large W small V unit is finished, and the weaving of the large W small V path is repeated to finish the weaving of the first circle. The knitting of the second circumference is complementary to the knitting of the first circumference, and the knitting method is the same as that of the gray line part in fig. 15, and the yarn crossing part can be selected to be entirely covered with knitting, or can be alternatively covered with the two modes of under-wearing.
More specifically, the initial winding post 25 is a position for fixing the wire at the beginning of knitting, ensuring that the wire does not slide relatively during the knitting process, the diameter and shape of the initial winding post 25 may be the same as those of a common winding post, and the position may be two schemes, namely scheme 1 above the winding post A1 (gray line in fig. 17) or scheme 2 to the right (black line in fig. 17), and the specific position is determined according to the winding mode and the wire diameter of the wire, and when the knitting is finished, the end-to-end wire is required to be aligned without gaps, as shown in fig. 25.
The winding mode of the winding posts at the two ends of the bracket can be a mode that the wire winds around the winding posts anticlockwise, the winding mode is shown in fig. 18a, the formed bracket vertex is shown in fig. 18b, the winding mode can be a mode that the wire winds around the winding posts anticlockwise and winds one circle, the winding mode is shown in the front view of fig. 19a and the side view of fig. 20a, the formed bracket vertex is shown in the front view of fig. 19b and the side view of fig. 20b, the winding mode can be a mode that the wire winds around the winding posts clockwise, the formed bracket vertex is shown in fig. 21a and the formed bracket vertex is shown in fig. 21b, the winding mode can be a mode that the wire winds around the winding posts clockwise and winds one circle, the winding mode is shown in the front view of fig. 22a and the side view of fig. 23a, and the formed bracket vertex is shown in the front view of fig. 22b and the side view of fig. 23 b.
The winding in B, C winding post region can be according to the winding scheme shown in fig. 24 a-24 g, wherein the distance between two winding posts is twice the wire diameter, the winding scheme comprises two forms of winding an inner ring 1/2 (fig. 24 a) and an inner ring 3/2 (fig. 24 d), and the winding scheme comprises a plurality of forms of winding an inner ring half-circle (fig. 24 b), a winding inner ring half-circle (fig. 24 e), a winding 1/4 circle (fig. 24 c), a winding outer ring 5/4 circle (fig. 24 f) and a winding outer ring 3/2 (fig. 24 g) and the like, wherein the distance between two winding posts is a single wire diameter. The different winding forms provide different radial forces to the stent, and in order to make the radial force of the stent more uniform, generally, the same braiding form is used in one stent. The stent is woven to the end, the wire is wound around the wire tooling for two weeks and then returned to the winding post A1, and the wire extends in the direction D2 after the winding post A1 bypasses 3/2 weeks and is aligned with the initial winding. The stent after braiding is completed is shown in an expanded view in fig. 16.
Example III
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool after improvement in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the winding posts 2 are divided into six rows, each of which is disposed annularly around the main body 1, and is respectively an a region 21, a B region 22, a C region 23, a D region 24, an E region 26, and an F region 27.
The number of winding posts of the E area 26 and the F area 27 are equal and aligned up and down, the E area 26 is arranged between the A area 21 and the B area 22, the F area 27 is arranged between the C area 23 and the D area 24, and the distances between the A area 21 and the E area 26, the E area 26 and the B area 22, the distances between the C area 23 and the F area 27, and the distances between the F area 27 and the D area 24 are equal.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 26, the tooling is a tooling CT2, the winding posts in the a region 21 and the D region 24 are 14 respectively, the winding posts in the b region 22 and the C region 23 are 14 respectively, the winding posts in the e region 26 and the F region 27 are 28 respectively, and the winding posts are equally arranged in a bisecting circumference.
The winding posts of the E region 26 and the F region 27 serve as stent inflection points, increasing the circumferential support force of the stent upon compression and thus increasing the overall radial force of the drug stent. As shown in fig. 29a and 29b, the diameter D2 or D3 of the winding post in the e region 26 and the F region 27 may be the same as or different from the diameter D1 of the winding post in the A, B, C, D region, and theoretically the larger the diameter D2 or D3, i.e. the larger the corners α and β, the larger the radial force provided to the drug stent. Alternatively, the manner in which the wire passes around the winding post E1 as it extends from the winding post A1 to the winding post B1 may be by merely passing around the winding post, or by increasing the number of windings around the winding post E1, or clockwise or counterclockwise, the clockwise and counterclockwise being selected based on the radial force requirements of the drug stent.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. In this embodiment, the winding of the filaments may be performed by selecting a single filament to weave the stent in a "W-v" path. The initial winding leg 25 selects the number 1 position of fig. 17, the winding scheme according to fig. 19a at the winding leg at the end of the bracket, and the winding scheme according to fig. 24c and 24d at the winding leg at the E-zone 26 and F-zone 27 of the bracket. After the yarn is fixed from the initial winding post 25, it extends to the right side of the winding post E1 and bypasses clockwise and extends to the winding post B1, the left side of the winding post B1 and the right side of the winding post C1 extend clockwise around the rear winding post F2, the yarn extends from the left side of the winding post F2 around the winding post D2, winds around the rear winding post a half backward winding post F3 counterclockwise from the winding post D2 around the rear winding post C2 and winds around half backward winding post F4 counterclockwise from the right side of the winding post F3, the yarn extends around the half backward winding post F5 counterclockwise from the left side of the winding post F4 and winds around the rear winding post C3 counterclockwise from the right side of the winding post F5, the yarn extends around the rear winding post E6 counterclockwise from the left side of the winding post E6 clockwise, and winds around the rear winding post A4 clockwise from the left side of the winding post E6, and finishes weaving of "large W" after the winding half winding of the post A4. The yarn wound from the winding post A4 is wound clockwise from the right side of the winding post E7 to extend towards the rear winding post B4, the yarn is wound around the winding post B4 for a half turn and extends towards the rear direction E8 and is wound around the winding post E8 from the left side of the winding post E5 to extend towards the rear direction A5, and the knitting of 'small v' is completed after the winding post A5 is wound around a half turn. The method comprises the steps of finishing knitting of a large W-small v unit by silk yarns, then repeating the knitting method to finish the first circle of knitting of a winding tool, wherein knitting paths of the second circle and the first circle of knitting paths are in geometric complementation, and the knitting method refers to the first circle of winding scheme to finish the knitting of the whole bracket. The method of braiding the filaments is shown in fig. 27, wherein the black strand portion is the first circumferential braid of the stent and the gray strand is the second circumferential braid of the stent. The tail processing method is described with reference to fig. 25. An expanded view of a stent woven according to this weaving method is shown in fig. 28.
Example IV
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool after improvement in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixture for weaving the bracket is a fixture CT3, and the winding post 2 is divided into four rows, including an a region 21, a B region 22, a C region 23, and a D region 24, where the setting positions of the B region 22 and the C region 23 are the same as the setting positions of an E region 26 and an F region 27 on the fixture CT 2.
Referring to fig. 30, the tooling CT3 is a 13-pillar tooling, the number of winding pillars in the a region 21 and the D region 24 is 13, the number of winding pillars in the B region 22 and the C region 23 is 26, and the winding pillars are arranged in equal intervals in a circumferential direction.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. In this embodiment, the winding of the filaments selects a single filament to weave the stent in a "large V" path. The initial winding post 25 selects one of the positions of fig. 17, and the winding scheme at the winding post of the bracket end point is according to fig. 19a. After the yarn is fixed from the initial winding post 25, extends to the right side of the winding post B1 and winds around the winding post B1 anticlockwise, extends to the left side of the winding post C2 and winds around the winding post C2 to extend to the right side of the winding post C3 after winding the yarn anticlockwise by a half turn from the winding post B2, extends to the left side of the winding post B4 after winding around the winding post C3 anticlockwise, extends to the left side of the winding post B4 clockwise, winds around the yarn around the left side of the winding post a half turn from the winding post to complete the knitting of a "V" shaped unit, and then repeats the knitting of the "V" shaped unit, controls the trend of the yarn to complete the knitting of the first turn, the knitting path of the second turn is geometrically complementary to the knitting path of the first turn, the knitting method of the yarn refers to the knitting path of the first turn, the knitting method of the yarn is shown in fig. 31, the black yarn portion is the first turn of the knitting of the bracket, and the gray yarn is the second turn of the bracket. The woven stent is shown in an expanded view in fig. 32.
Example five
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool after improvement in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the winding posts 2 are divided into six rows, each of which is disposed annularly around the main body 1, and is respectively an a region 21, a B region 22, a C region 23, a D region 24, an E region 26, and an F region 27.
In this embodiment, the fixture is a fixture CT4, and the setting positions of the winding columns in each area are the same as those of CT2 in the third embodiment, but the fixture selected in this embodiment is a 14-column fixture, that is, the winding column numbers of the area a and the area D are respectively 14, the winding column numbers of the area B and the area C are respectively 7, and when the winding column numbers of the area E and the area F are distributed to be 28, the arrangement modes are all equally-spaced and equally-divided circumferential arrangement.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. The winding mode of the silk thread related to the embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, wherein a single silk thread is woven according to a large W-small v path mode, and the winding modes of the initial winding post and each winding post are the same. In contrast, each time the wire extends from the end winding leg to the inner winding leg, the inflection point of the wire is increased to the right or left of the E-zone and F-zone winding legs, and the specific partial weaving method refers to the partial weaving method in the third embodiment. The expanded view of the woven stent is shown in fig. 33, wherein black lines are the first circumferential weaving path of the stent and gray lines are the second circumferential weaving path of the stent.
Example six
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool after improvement in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, the bracket braiding tool is a tool CT5, and braiding of another type of bracket is realized by changing the number and arrangement rule of winding posts in the B area and the C area based on the tool CT 1. The tooling CT5 is a 12-post tooling, the number of winding posts in the area A and the area D is 12 respectively, the number of winding posts in the area B and the area C is 4, and the winding is performed
The studs are equally spaced and equally circumferentially arranged.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. The filament winding method according to this embodiment selects a double filament to weave in a "large W" path. However, the knitting method is to knit two threads, so after the first thread is circularly knitted for the first round according to the "W" part knitting method described in the second embodiment, the knitting of the second round thread is started after the connection treatment of the head and tail parts of the thread knitted for the first round is needed. In order to ensure that the stent has more uniform radial supporting force, the knitting starting point of the second circumference can be selected to be the same as the starting point of the first circumference, the knitting starting point can also be opposite, and the knitting direction can be the same as the first circumference, or can be opposite. The expanded view after the stent braiding is completed is shown in fig. 34a and 34b, in which gray and black lines are braiding paths of two wires, respectively. One of the wires (shown in black) starts to weave with the winding post A1 as the weaving start winding post, and the other wire (shown in gray) starts to weave with the winding post D1 as the weaving start winding post, as shown in fig. 34 a. One of the wires (shown in black) starts to weave with the winding post A1 as the weaving start winding post, and the other wire (shown in gray) starts to weave with the winding post D7 as the weaving start winding post, as shown in fig. 34 b.
Example seven
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool modified in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, the bracket braiding tool is a tool CT6, and braiding of another type of bracket is realized by changing the number and arrangement rule of winding posts in the B area and the C area based on the tool CT 1. The tool CT6 is a 12-post tool, the number of winding posts in the area A and the area D is 12, the number of winding posts in the area B and the area C is 6, and the winding posts are equally spaced and equally distributed circumferentially.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. The weaving path of the silk thread in the embodiment is similar to that in the embodiment II, the silk thread is woven according to a large W-small v path mode, and the difference between the weaving path and the embodiment II is the number of winding posts in the area A and the area D, and the number of the weaving silk thread is two. During the braiding of the stent, the specific braiding path of the filaments is as described in embodiment two. In the knitting process, when the stent is knitted for the first week, the connection treatment is required for the wires for the first week, and then knitting is performed for the second week, and the knitting start point is selected as described in the sixth embodiment.
The stent woven by the method is shown in an expanded view in fig. 35a and 35b, wherein lines with two colors in the drawing identify two wires woven by the stent, the two wires are respectively used as a weaving starting point in fig. 35a, A1 and D1 are respectively used as a weaving starting point in fig. 35b, and the two wires are respectively used as a weaving starting point in fig. 1 and D7.
Example eight
The embodiment provides a bracket braiding tool and a corresponding bracket braiding forming method, wherein the bracket braiding tool modified in the first embodiment is adopted for braiding.
Specifically, the bracket braiding tool is a tool CT7, and braiding of another type of bracket is realized by changing the number and arrangement rule of winding posts in the B area and the C area based on the tool CT 1. The tool CT7 is a 12-post tool, the number of winding posts in the area A and the area D is 15, the number of winding posts in the area B and the area C is 3, and the winding posts are equally spaced and equally distributed circumferentially.
In this embodiment, the method for braiding and forming the stent is the same as that of the second embodiment, except for the wire winding method in the first and second steps. The yarn knitting path of this embodiment is knitted in a "large W large V" path, wherein the partial detail of the winding during knitting is the same as in embodiment two. The difference is that the knitting method of this embodiment is double-thread knitting, and the double-thread knitting process and the processing manner are the same as those of the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment.
The stent woven by this embodiment is shown in an expanded view in fig. 36a and 36b, in which two lines of two colors identify two wires woven by the stent, and in fig. 36a, A1 and D1 are used as the weaving start points, respectively, and in fig. 36b, A1 and A8 are used as the weaving start points, respectively.
Example nine
The present embodiment provides a stent woven according to the stent weaving method provided in the second to eighth embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover all equivalent structures as modifications within the scope of the invention, either directly or indirectly, as may be contemplated by the present invention.