CN110827642A - Supplementary teaching device of operation is intervene to heart - Google Patents
Supplementary teaching device of operation is intervene to heartDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种心脏介入手术辅助教学装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery.
背景技术Background technique
在心脏外科手术不断发展的今天，手术方式正逐渐朝着微创化方向发展，意味着有越来越多的医生需要不断练习介入手术，但由于介入手术时X线会对练习者造成不必要的辐射伤害，因此如何在平时的辅助教学模型中模拟X线成像就变得关键，而近红外激光具有一定的穿透性，尤其对透明类材质。经检索，关于“手术辅助教学”的国内公开专利文献有41篇，涉及口腔、人工流产等领域，其中CN104966450A公开了一种医疗手术教学设备，包括手术设备以及辅助设备，在手术台底座上端布置有支撑柱，支撑柱上端面布置有手术操作台，导轨水平布置在手术室的墙顶上，无线信息传输模块通过数据传输线与微处理器相连接，微处理器通过数据传输线与执行元件相连接，执行元件通过导线与伺服电机相连接，高清摄像头通过数据传输线与外接显示器相连接，高清摄像头通过数据传输线与存储器相连接。未检索到有关心脏介入手术的辅助教学装置的国内专利文献报道。Today, with the continuous development of cardiac surgery, the surgical method is gradually developing towards a minimally invasive direction, which means that more and more doctors need to continue to practice interventional surgery. Therefore, how to simulate X-ray imaging in the usual auxiliary teaching model becomes the key, and the near-infrared laser has a certain penetrability, especially for transparent materials. After searching, there are 41 domestic published patent documents on "surgery-assisted teaching", involving the fields of oral cavity, artificial abortion, etc. Among them, CN104966450A discloses a kind of medical surgery teaching equipment, including surgical equipment and auxiliary equipment, which is arranged on the upper end of the operating table base There is a support column, an operating table is arranged on the upper end of the support column, the guide rail is horizontally arranged on the top of the wall of the operating room, the wireless information transmission module is connected with the microprocessor through the data transmission line, and the microprocessor is connected with the executive element through the data transmission line. , the executive element is connected with the servo motor through the wire, the high-definition camera is connected with the external display through the data transmission line, and the high-definition camera is connected with the memory through the data transmission line. There is no domestic patent literature report on the auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，以解决现有技术中的不足。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
为了达到上述目的，本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的：In order to achieve the above object, the purpose of the present invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:
提供一种心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，包括：Provided is an auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery, including:
固定装置，用于固定心脏模型，包括固定支架和距离调节装置，所述距离调节装置设于所述固定支架上以调节所述固定支架之间的距离；a fixing device for fixing the heart model, including a fixing bracket and a distance adjusting device, the distance adjusting device is arranged on the fixing bracket to adjust the distance between the fixing brackets;
近红外扫描装置，用于定位心脏模型及重建心脏模型三维图像，包括塔吊、设于所述塔吊上的近红外激光发射器以及位于所述近红外激光发射器下方的近红外激光接收器，所述塔吊内设有用于控制所述近红外激光发射器的激光发射方向的电机；A near-infrared scanning device, used for locating a heart model and reconstructing a three-dimensional image of the heart model, includes a tower crane, a near-infrared laser transmitter arranged on the tower crane, and a near-infrared laser receiver located under the near-infrared laser transmitter. The tower crane is provided with a motor for controlling the laser emission direction of the near-infrared laser transmitter;
信息处理装置，用于将扫描信息处理并转化成DSA图像；an information processing device for processing and converting the scanned information into a DSA image;
显示装置，用于显示模拟DSA图像；a display device for displaying an analog DSA image;
体外循环装置，用于模拟人体血流环境，包括右心房导管、右心室导管、左心房导管、左心室导管和泵机，所述右心房导管、所述右心室导管、所述左心房导管、所述左心室导管一端分别连接所述泵机，另一端连接心脏模型相应位置；Extracorporeal circulation device for simulating human blood flow environment, including right atrial catheter, right ventricular catheter, left atrial catheter, left ventricular catheter and pump machine, the right atrial catheter, the right ventricular catheter, the left atrial catheter, One end of the left ventricular catheter is respectively connected to the pump machine, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of the heart model;
所述近红外激光收发器、所述电机、所述显示装置和所述泵机分别连接所述信息处理装置；The near-infrared laser transceiver, the motor, the display device and the pump are respectively connected to the information processing device;
所述心脏模型为易被近红外穿透材质。The heart model is a material that is easily penetrated by near infrared rays.
上述心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，所述距离调节装置为螺纹旋钮或螺纹推杆。In the above-mentioned auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery, the distance adjusting device is a threaded knob or a threaded push rod.
上述心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，所述信息处理装置具有异常报警功能。In the above-mentioned auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery, the information processing device has an abnormal alarm function.
上述心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，所述近红外激光器的功率和波长受控于中央处理电脑，中央处理电脑根据成像要求给予合适指令控制近红外激光的功率和波长。In the above aided teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery, the power and wavelength of the near-infrared laser are controlled by a central processing computer, and the central processing computer gives appropriate instructions to control the power and wavelength of the near-infrared laser according to imaging requirements.
上述心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，所述体外循环装置的泵机与中央处理电脑通过电缆控制，中央处理电脑根据设定的程序控制泵机的转速模拟出人体心脏各种血流动力。In the above-mentioned auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery, the pump of the extracorporeal circulation device and the central processing computer are controlled by cables, and the central processing computer controls the rotation speed of the pump according to the set program to simulate various blood flow dynamics of the human heart.
上述心脏介入手术辅助教学装置，其中，所述体外循环装置内流动的是生理盐水，保证在模拟人体血液的同时方便术者可视心脏内部结构。In the above-mentioned auxiliary teaching device for cardiac interventional operation, the flow of physiological saline in the extracorporeal circulation device ensures that while simulating human blood, it is convenient for the operator to visualize the internal structure of the heart.
本发明技术方案的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:
利用近红外光的成像，通过计算机软件合成，模拟出DSA成像，从而避免了练习者在练习手术过程中不必要的辐射伤害，并利用体外循环装置模拟人体心脏血液流动过程，使得手术练习变得更逼真，提高了教学的质量和水平。Using the imaging of near-infrared light and synthesizing through computer software, the DSA imaging is simulated, thereby avoiding unnecessary radiation damage during the practice of the operation, and the extracorporeal circulation device is used to simulate the blood flow process of the human heart, making the operation practice become It is more realistic and improves the quality and level of teaching.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是根据本发明的一种实施例的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是根据本发明的心脏模型上相应与体外循环装置连接位置的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the position corresponding to the connection with the extracorporeal circulation device on the heart model according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图，对本发明的技术方案进行描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式；并且附图中所示的结构仅仅是示意性的，并不代表实物。需要说明的是，基于本发明中的这些实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments; and the structures shown in the accompanying drawings are only schematic and do not represent real objects. It should be noted that, based on these embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art fall within the protection scope of the present application.
本文中，术语“上(端)”表示朝着天花板的方向的位置关系，但并不意味着实际安装操作中必须朝向某一固定方向，仅仅为了显示各个部件之间的位置关系或连接关系。图例中导管内箭头所指方向为液体流动方向，按照人体血液流动方向制定。类似地，术语“前(端)”、“后(端)”、“上(方)”、“下(方)”等并不构成绝对的空间关系限制，只是一种相对位置的概念。这是本领域技术人员都能够理解的。Herein, the term "upper (end)" indicates a positional relationship toward the ceiling, but does not mean that it must be oriented toward a certain fixed direction in actual installation operations, only to show the positional relationship or connection relationship between various components. In the legend, the direction of the arrow in the catheter is the direction of liquid flow, which is determined according to the direction of human blood flow. Similarly, the terms "front (end)", "rear (end)", "up (side)", "lower (side)", etc. do not constitute an absolute spatial relationship limitation, but only a concept of relative position. This is understood by those skilled in the art.
参看图1和图2所示，本发明心脏介入手术辅助教学装置包括用于固定心脏模型的固定装置1、用于精确定位心脏模型及重建心脏模型三维图像的近红外扫描装置、用于将扫描信息处理并转化成DSA图像的信息处理装置2、显示模拟DSA图像的显示装置3和用于模拟人体血流环境的体外循环装置。固定装置1包括固定支架4和距离调节装置5，通过距离调节装置5来调节支架之间的距离，从而起到固定心脏模型作用。距离调节装置5可以是螺纹旋钮或螺纹推杆，支架孔内有螺纹，与螺纹旋钮相匹配。近红外扫描装置包括用于悬吊近红外激光器的塔吊6、用于发射近红外激光的近红外激光发射器7和用于接收穿过心脏模型的近红外激光接收器。悬吊近红外激光器的塔吊6内有电机，受控于信息处理装置2，用于控制激光发射器扫描模型的方向。近红外激光发射器7的功率和波长受控于信息处理装置2的中央处理电脑，电脑会根据成像要求给予合适的指令控制近红外激光的功率和波长。信息处理装置2主要包括中央处理电脑，用于处理近红外接收器传输过来的信息，并通过软件计算将近红外图像转化成模拟DSA图像。显示装置3主要包括高清液晶屏，用于显示模拟DSA图像来指导初学者模拟心脏介入手术过程。上述所用的心脏模型为透明硅胶模型，该材质易被近红外穿透，且在操作过程中，学员可直视心脏内部，间接地能够观察整个模拟手术过程。体外循环装置主要包括右心房导管8、右心室导管9、左心房导管10、左心室导管11和泵机12，其中这四根导管一端连接泵机12，另一端连接心脏模型相应位置。上述体外循环装置的泵机12与中央处理电脑通过电缆13控制，中央处理电脑根据术者设定的程序控制泵机12的转速从而能够模拟出人体心脏各种血流动力。固定支架4的下方可以设置底座14，以提高支撑力度。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the aided teaching device for cardiac interventional surgery of the present invention includes a fixing device 1 for fixing a heart model, a near-infrared scanning device for accurately positioning the heart model and reconstructing a three-dimensional image of the heart model, and for scanning the heart model. An
近红外激光器的功率和波长受控于中央处理电脑，中央处理电脑根据成像要求给予合适指令控制近红外激光的功率和波长。体外循环装置的泵机与中央处理电脑通过电缆控制，中央处理电脑根据设定的程序控制泵机的转速模拟出人体心脏各种血流动力。体外循环装置内流动的是生理盐水，保证在模拟人体血液的同时方便术者可视心脏内部结构。The power and wavelength of the near-infrared laser are controlled by the central processing computer, and the central processing computer gives appropriate instructions to control the power and wavelength of the near-infrared laser according to the imaging requirements. The pump of the extracorporeal circulation device and the central processing computer are controlled by cables, and the central processing computer controls the speed of the pump according to the set program to simulate various blood flow dynamics of the human heart. Physiological saline flows in the extracorporeal circulation device, which ensures that the operator can visualize the internal structure of the heart while simulating human blood.
操作时，练习者打开心脏介入手术模型后，将由透明硅胶材质制作的心脏模型放置在手术台0上，并通过旋转螺纹旋钮将其固定在支架上，然后中央处理电脑发出指令，打开体外循环装置，泵机12在设定转速下，生理盐水通过泵机12打入左心房导管10和右心房导管8，并流入心脏模型，然后再从左心室导管11和右心室导管9流入泵机12，形成一个完整的肺循环和体循环。通过旋转塔吊6将近红外激光发射器7调整至合适位置并发出近红外激光，该激光穿透位于其下方的硅胶心脏模型并被下方的近红外激光接收器接受，然后将图像传输至中央处理电脑，根据软件计算合成后，再将模拟DSA图像传输至液晶屏幕上，从而指导练习者操作。所有操作过程通过中央处理电脑进行监控、记录，保证整台手术的安全性和可追溯性。During the operation, after the practitioner opens the cardiac interventional surgery model, the heart model made of transparent silicone material is placed on the operating table 0, and is fixed on the bracket by rotating the threaded knob, and then the central processing computer issues an instruction to turn on the extracorporeal circulation device. , at the set speed of the
以上仅为本发明较佳的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围，对于本领域技术人员而言，应当能够意识到凡运用本发明说明书及图示内容所作出的等同替换和显而易见的变化所得到的方案，均应当包含在本发明的保护范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, they should be aware of the equivalent replacement and Solutions obtained by obvious changes shall all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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