CN110779507A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN110779507A
Application number: CN201911096463.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟陆波; 黄海; 李天斌; 蔡坤鹏; 伍小刚
Original assignee: Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
Current assignee: Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2019-11-11
Publication date: 2020-02-11

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及隧道施工配件技术领域，公开了一种用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置及其安装方法。通过本发明创造，提供了一种能够防止反光体脱落、测点被损坏和容易重做测点的改进型测点反光装置，即一方面通过由不锈钢底板和环形围板围成的无盖盒体结构，可有效缓解隧道中渗水、飞尘、飞石及施工机械对测点的破坏，以及保护内置的反光体，防止反光体脱落或被破坏；另一方面通过不锈钢带的套圈可伸缩特点，可使保护罩壳体及反光体能够整体性地固定安装在不同规格的直螺纹钢筋上，进而实现测点与直螺纹钢筋的可拆卸安装目的，以便灵活使用，特别是在测点遭到破坏之后，可用不锈钢喉箍直接紧套在剩余的外露钢筋上，为补点工作提供了很大的便捷性。

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction accessories, and discloses a measuring point reflection device for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction and an installation method thereof. The invention provides an improved measuring point reflecting device which can prevent the reflector from falling off, the measuring point is damaged and the measuring point can be easily redone. The body structure can effectively alleviate the damage of water seepage, flying dust, flying stones and construction machinery to the measuring point in the tunnel, and protect the built-in reflector to prevent the reflector from falling off or being damaged; on the other hand, the ferrule of the stainless steel belt can be extended Features, the protective cover shell and the reflector can be integrally fixed on straight threaded steel bars of different specifications, so as to achieve the purpose of detachable installation of measuring points and straight threaded steel bars, so as to be used flexibly, especially when the measuring point is damaged. After the damage, the stainless steel throat hoop can be directly tightly sleeved on the remaining exposed steel bars, which provides great convenience for the repair work.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置及其安装方法A measuring point reflecting device for monitoring and measuring during tunnel construction period and its installation method

技术领域technical field

本发明属于隧道施工配件技术领域，具体涉及一种用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置及其安装方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction accessories, and particularly relates to a measuring point reflection device used for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction and an installation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

目前，在我国公路工程隧道监控量测埋设监测测点时，通常采用在直螺纹钢筋上焊接铁皮，再将反光片直接贴至铁皮上。这种测点存在以下几个不足：(1)绝大多数隧道经常处于潮湿环境，渗水流入反光片，胶水遇水之后粘性减弱，极易造成反光片脱落；(2)在隧道进行爆破时会产生飞石、飞尘，使得测点极易被破坏；(3)隧道常处于昏暗多尘的环境下，很难看清测点。以上的不足会影响隧道监测数据的准确性、及时性，并且在测点破坏之后，将会花费更多的时间、人力和物力去修补测点。At present, when monitoring and burying monitoring and measuring points in highway engineering tunnels in my country, iron sheets are usually welded on straight threaded steel bars, and then the reflectors are directly attached to the iron sheets. This kind of measuring point has the following shortcomings: (1) Most tunnels are often in a humid environment, and water seeps into the reflector, and the viscosity of the glue weakens when it meets water, which is very easy to cause the reflector to fall off; (2) When the tunnel is blasted, it will Flying rocks and flying dust are generated, which makes the measuring point easily damaged; (3) The tunnel is often in a dark and dusty environment, so it is difficult to see the measuring point clearly. The above deficiencies will affect the accuracy and timeliness of tunnel monitoring data, and more time, manpower and material resources will be spent to repair the measurement points after the measurement points are damaged.

根据现有测点反光装置的专利技术，有些采用支架结构来固定反光片，解决了反光片易受外界影响而脱落的问题；有些则在透明外壳内安装许多二极管，提高了昏暗多尘环境下测量精度的问题，但是忽略了高造价和实用性的问题；有些采用膨胀螺栓连接的方式，来达到测点反光装置具有可循环使用特点的目的，但是由于施工现场环境复杂，挖机等施工机械施工时，会经常撞歪或者撞掉测点。此时，如果继续采用螺栓连接，将需要重新钻孔再锚固带丝头加工的螺纹钢筋做测点，会花费很多时间、人力和物力。According to the patented technology of the existing measuring point reflective devices, some use a bracket structure to fix the reflective sheet, which solves the problem that the reflective sheet is easily affected by the outside world and falls off; some install many diodes in the transparent casing, which improves the performance of the dark and dusty environment. The problem of measurement accuracy, but the problems of high cost and practicability are ignored; some use expansion bolt connection to achieve the purpose of recyclable use of the measuring point reflective device, but due to the complex environment of the construction site, construction machinery such as excavators During construction, the measuring point will often be bumped or knocked off. At this time, if the bolt connection is continued, it will be necessary to re-drill and then anchor the threaded steel bar processed with the thread head as the measuring point, which will take a lot of time, manpower and material resources.

以上这些现有专利，均有各自的不足，若能取长补短，结合它们各自的优点，设计出一款融合诸多优点于一身、实用性更强、造价更低、操作简单的改进型测点反光装置，将会对今后的隧道施工期监控量测的工作提供很大的便捷性。The above existing patents all have their own shortcomings. If we can learn from each other and combine their respective advantages, we will design an improved measuring point reflector that integrates many advantages, is more practical, has lower cost and is easy to operate. , which will provide great convenience for the monitoring and measurement work during the tunnel construction period in the future.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了解决当前测点反光装置所存在的反光片易脱落、测点易损坏和不易重做测点的问题，本发明目的在于提供一种用于隧道施工期监控量测的改进型测点反光装置及其安装方法。In order to solve the problems of the current measuring point reflecting device that the reflector is easy to fall off, the measuring point is easily damaged and the measuring point is not easy to redo, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved measuring point reflecting device used for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction period and how to install it.

本发明所采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

一种用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置，包括保护罩壳体、反光体、不锈钢喉箍和用于一端插入初砌混凝土及围岩的直螺纹钢筋，其中，所述保护罩壳体为由不锈钢底板和环形围板构成的无盖盒体结构，所述不锈钢喉箍包括箍头、螺丝和围成一可伸缩套圈的不锈钢带；A measuring point reflective device used for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction, comprising a protective cover shell, a reflector, a stainless steel throat hoop and a straight threaded steel bar for inserting one end into pre-laid concrete and surrounding rock, wherein the protective cover The shell is a coverless box structure composed of a stainless steel bottom plate and an annular surrounding plate, and the stainless steel throat hoop includes a hoop head, a screw and a stainless steel band enclosing a retractable ferrule;

所述反光体位于所述保护罩壳体的内部且设置在所述不锈钢底板的主视面上，所述不锈钢底板的后视面与所述不锈钢带的外周表面相焊接，所述不锈钢带套在所述直螺纹钢筋的另一端上且通过所述箍头和所述螺丝紧套所述直螺纹钢筋。The reflector is located inside the protective cover shell and is arranged on the main view surface of the stainless steel bottom plate, the rear view surface of the stainless steel bottom plate is welded with the outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip, and the stainless steel strip is sleeved. On the other end of the straight threaded steel bar and through the hoop head and the screw, the straight threaded steel bar is fastened.

优化的，还包括电池盒、电线和LED灯；Optimized, also includes battery box, wires and LED lights;

所述电池盒固定安装在所述不锈钢底板的后视面上，所述电线贯穿位于所述环形围板上的过孔，所述LED灯的数目为若干且环向地设置在所述环形围板的内侧面上；The battery box is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the stainless steel base plate, the wires pass through the via holes on the annular enclosure, and the LED lights are several in number and are arranged circumferentially on the annular enclosure. the inner side of the board;

所述电池盒、所述电线和所述LED灯依次电连接。The battery box, the electric wire and the LED lamp are electrically connected in sequence.

具体的，还包括呈L型结构的电池盒支架，其中，所述电池盒支架的水平部垂直连接所述不锈钢底板的后视面，所述电池盒固定安装在所述电池盒支架的水平部上。Specifically, it also includes a battery box bracket with an L-shaped structure, wherein the horizontal part of the battery box bracket is vertically connected to the rear surface of the stainless steel bottom plate, and the battery box is fixedly installed on the horizontal part of the battery box bracket superior.

具体的，当所述环形围板为环向方形结构时，所述LED灯的数目为8个且在所述环向围板的四个内侧面上分别设置有2个。Specifically, when the annular enclosure is of a circumferential square structure, the number of the LED lights is 8, and two are respectively provided on the four inner sides of the annular enclosure.

进一步优化的，还包括LED调光遥控器，其中，所述LED调光遥控器串联地电连接在所述电池盒与所述LED灯之间。A further optimization also includes an LED dimming remote controller, wherein the LED dimming remote controller is electrically connected in series between the battery box and the LED lamp.

优化的，所述不锈钢带的焊接外周表面位于远离所述箍头一侧的半圆弧区域；Preferably, the welding outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip is located in a semi-circular arc area on the side away from the hoop head;

和/或，在所述环形围板的下部区域开设有若干排水孔。And/or, a plurality of drainage holes are opened in the lower region of the annular shroud.

优化的，所述不锈钢底板为方形板，所述反光体为方形反光片，其中，所述方形反光片的主视面积略小于所述方形板的主视面积；Preferably, the stainless steel bottom plate is a square plate, and the reflector is a square reflector, wherein the main view area of the square reflector is slightly smaller than that of the square plate;

所述方形板的四个端角区域分别设有螺栓孔，所述方形反光片的四个端角区域分别设有与所述螺栓孔一一位置对应的且尺寸相同的孔洞，所述方形反光片通过贯穿所述孔洞和所述螺栓孔的四个铆钉固定设置在所述不锈钢底板的主视面上。The four end corner areas of the square plate are respectively provided with bolt holes, and the four end corner areas of the square reflector are respectively provided with holes of the same size corresponding to the bolt holes one by one. The sheet is fixed on the front surface of the stainless steel base plate by four rivets penetrating the hole and the bolt hole.

本发明所采用的另一种技术方案为：Another technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

一种测点反光装置的安装方法，所述测点反光装置为如前所述用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置，包括如下步骤：An installation method of a measuring point reflective device, the measuring point reflective device is a measuring point reflective device used for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction period as described above, comprising the following steps:

S101.在隧道内侧墙体上水平钻孔，使水平孔在穿过初砌混凝土后，深入围岩20～30cm；S101. Drill horizontally on the inner wall of the tunnel, so that after passing through the initial concrete, the horizontal hole penetrates into the surrounding rock by 20-30cm;

S102.将直螺纹钢筋的一端插入所述水平孔，并用锚固剂锚固；S102. Insert one end of the straight threaded steel bar into the horizontal hole and anchor it with an anchoring agent;

S103.将反光体固定设置在不锈钢底板的主视面上；S103. Fix the reflector on the main view surface of the stainless steel base plate;

S104.焊接所述不锈钢底板的后视面和不锈钢带的外周表面，使保护罩壳体固定在不锈钢喉箍上；S104. Weld the rear view surface of the stainless steel base plate and the outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip, so that the protective cover shell is fixed on the stainless steel throat hoop;

S105.将所述不锈钢带套在所述直螺纹钢筋的另一端上，然后在调整好反光方向后，通过所述箍头和所述螺丝紧套所述直螺纹钢筋。S105. Sleeve the stainless steel band on the other end of the straight threaded steel bar, and then tighten the straight threaded steel bar through the hoop head and the screw after adjusting the reflective direction.

优化的，在所述步骤S104中，包括如下步骤：Optimized, in the step S104, the following steps are included:

S401.采用手工电弧焊的方式进行焊接，并使所述不锈钢带的焊接外周表面位于远离箍头一侧的半圆弧区域，其中，焊接电弧长度介于1～3mm之间；S401. Use manual arc welding for welding, and make the welding outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip be located in the semi-circular arc area on the side away from the hoop head, wherein the length of the welding arc is between 1 and 3 mm;

S402.依次使用稀盐酸和清水清洗焊口。S402. Use dilute hydrochloric acid and clean water to clean the welding joint in turn.

优化的，在所述步骤S104之前或所述步骤S105之后，还包括如下步骤：Preferably, before the step S104 or after the step S105, the following steps are further included:

S106.将电池盒固定安装在所述不锈钢底板的后视面上，将LED灯环向地设置在环形围板的内侧面上；S106. Fix the battery box on the rear surface of the stainless steel base plate, and arrange the LED lights on the inner side of the annular enclosure;

S107.通过贯穿过孔的电线，使所述电池盒、所述电线和所述LED灯依次电连接，其中，所述过孔位于所述环形围板上。S107. The battery box, the electric wire and the LED lamp are electrically connected in sequence through the wires passing through the via holes, wherein the via holes are located on the annular enclosure plate.

本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1)本发明创造提供了一种能够防止反光体脱落、测点被损坏和容易重做测点的改进型测点反光装置及其安装方法，即一方面通过由不锈钢底板和环形围板围成的无盖盒体结构，可有效缓解隧道中渗水、飞尘、飞石及施工机械对测点的破坏，以及保护内置的反光体，防止反光体脱落或被破坏；另一方面通过不锈钢带的套圈可伸缩特点，可使保护罩壳体及反光体能够整体性地固定安装在不同规格的直螺纹钢筋上，进而实现测点与直螺纹钢筋的可拆卸安装目的，以便灵活使用，特别是在测点遭到破坏之后，可用不锈钢喉箍直接紧套在剩余的外露钢筋上，为补点工作提供了很大的便捷性；(1) The present invention provides an improved measuring point reflector and its installation method that can prevent the reflector from falling off, the measuring point is damaged and the measuring point is easy to redo. The built-in coverless box structure can effectively alleviate the damage of water seepage, flying dust, flying stones and construction machinery to the measuring points in the tunnel, and protect the built-in reflector to prevent the reflector from falling off or being damaged; on the other hand, through the stainless steel belt The retractable feature of the ferrule enables the protective cover shell and the reflector to be integrally fixed on the straight threaded steel bars of different specifications, so as to realize the purpose of detachable installation of the measuring points and the straight threaded steel bars, so as to be used flexibly, especially After the measuring point is damaged, the stainless steel hose hoop can be directly tightly sleeved on the remaining exposed steel bars, which provides great convenience for the repairing point work;

(2)通过在罩内安装若干LED灯，可在昏暗环境下，无需借助外力进行照明，同时还可以起到警示作用，提醒现场施工人员注意保护测点，进一步提升了实用性；(2) By installing a number of LED lights in the cover, it can be used for lighting in a dim environment without external force, and it can also play a warning role, reminding the on-site construction personnel to pay attention to protecting the measuring points, which further improves the practicability;

(3)可遥控式控制LED灯的亮度：在测量的时候提高其亮度，反之则降低亮度，进而可节约能源，延长使用时间；(3) The brightness of the LED lights can be controlled remotely: increase the brightness during measurement, otherwise reduce the brightness, thereby saving energy and prolonging the use time;

(4)通过采用铆钉来固定方形反光片，可加固稳固性，确保监测数据的准确性，并在反光片需要更换时，可通过手持式电钻配相应钻头直接钻透，将铆钉抽芯铣掉即可，进一步实现补点的操作简便性，节约补点时间；(4) By using rivets to fix the square reflector, the stability can be strengthened and the accuracy of the monitoring data can be ensured. When the reflector needs to be replaced, it can be drilled directly through the hand-held electric drill with the corresponding drill bit, and the rivets can be cored and milled out. That is, to further realize the ease of operation of replenishing points and save the time for replenishing points;

(5)所述测点反光装置还具有可循环利用、增强稳定性、实用性强、使用寿命长、减少污染、节约成本、降低造价、操作简单和节约补点时间等优点，便于实际应用和推广。(5) The measuring point reflective device also has the advantages of recyclability, enhanced stability, strong practicability, long service life, pollution reduction, cost saving, cost reduction, simple operation and saving point replenishment time, etc., which is convenient for practical application and promotion.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

图1是本发明提供的测点反光装置的使用结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the measuring point reflection device provided by the present invention.

图2是本发明提供的测点反光装置的主视结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front view structure of the measuring point reflection device provided by the present invention.

图3是本发明提供的测点反光装置的后视结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rear view structure of the measuring point reflection device provided by the present invention.

图4是本发明提供的在测点反光装置中焊接结构的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the welding structure in the measuring point reflection device provided by the present invention.

图5是本发明提供的测点反光装置的电路结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the measuring point reflection device provided by the present invention.

上述附图中：1-保护罩壳体；101-不锈钢底板；102-环形围板；1021-过孔；2-反光体；3-不锈钢喉箍；301-箍头；302-螺丝；303-不锈钢带；3031-半圆弧区域；4-直螺纹钢筋；5-电池盒；6-电线；7-LED灯；8-电池盒支架；9-排水孔；10-铆钉；20-初砌混凝土；30-围岩。In the above drawings: 1-protective cover shell; 101-stainless steel bottom plate; 102-annular enclosure; 1021-via hole; 2-reflector; 3-stainless steel throat hoop; 301- hoop head; 302-screw; 303- Stainless steel strip; 3031-semi-circular arc area; 4-straight rebar; 5-battery box; 6-wire; 7-LED light; 8-battery box bracket; 9-drainage hole; 10-rivet; 20-preliminary concrete ; 30 - Surrounding rock.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图及具体实施例来对本发明作进一步阐述。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施例方式的说明虽然是用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。本文公开的特定结构和功能细节仅用于描述本发明的示例实施例。然而，可用很多备选的形式来体现本发明，并且不应当理解为本发明限制在本文阐述的实施例中。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted here that, although the description of these embodiments is for helping understanding of the present invention, it does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the present invention. The present invention, however, may be embodied in many alternative forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

应当理解，尽管本文可能使用术语第一、第二等等来描述各种单元，但是这些单元不应当受到这些术语的限制。这些术语仅用于区分一个单元和另一个单元。例如可以将第一单元称作第二单元,并且类似地可以将第二单元称作第一单元，同时不脱离本发明的示例实施例的范围。It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. For example, a first element could be referred to as a second element, and similarly a second element could be referred to as a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments of this invention.

应当理解，对于本文中可能出现的术语“和/或”，其仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，单独存在B，同时存在A和B三种情况；对于本文中可能出现的术语“/和”，其是描述另一种关联对象关系，表示可以存在两种关系，例如，A/和B，可以表示：单独存在A，单独存在A和B两种情况；另外，对于本文中可能出现的字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”关系。It should be understood that the term "and/or" that may appear in this document is only an association relationship to describe the associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can mean that A exists alone, B exists alone, and there are three cases of A and B at the same time; for the term "/and" that may appear in this article, it is to describe another related object relationship, indicating that there can be two relationships, for example, A/ and B, can Indicates: A exists alone, and A and B exist independently; in addition, for the character "/" that may appear in this article, it generally means that the related objects before and after are an "or" relationship.

应当理解，在本文中若将单元称作与另一个单元“连接”、“相连”或“耦合”时，它可以与另一个单元直相连接或耦合，或中间单元可以存在。相対地，在本文中若将单元称作与另一个单元“直接相连”或“直接耦合”时，表示不存在中间单元。另外，应当以类似方式来解释用于描述单元之间的关系的其他单词(例如，“在……之间”对“直接在……之间”,“相邻”对“直接相邻”等等)。It will be understood that when an element is referred to herein as being "connected", "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to herein as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. In addition, other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a similar fashion (eg, "between" versus "directly between," "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc. Wait).

应当理解，本文使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施例，并不意在限制本发明的示例实施例。若本文所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”意在包括复数形式，除非上下文明确指示相反意思。还应当理解，若术语“包括”、“包括了”、“包含”和/或“包含了”在本文中被使用时,指定所声明的特征、整数、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件的存在性,并且不排除一个或多个其他特征、数量、步骤、操作、单元、组件和/或他们的组合存在性或增加。It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms "comprising", "including", "including" and/or "comprising" are used herein, they designate the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units and/or components of existence, and does not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, units, components and/or combinations thereof.

应当理解，还应当注意到在一些备选实施例中，所出现的功能/动作可能与附图出现的顺序不同。例如,取决于所涉及的功能/动作,实际上可以实质上并发地执行,或者有时可以以相反的顺序来执行连续示出的两个图。It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts may occur out of the order in which they occur in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently, or the two figures shown in succession may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

应当理解，在下面的描述中提供了特定的细节,以便于对示例实施例的完全理解。然而,本领域普通技术人员应当理解可以在没有这些特定细节的情况下实现示例实施例。例如可以在框图中示出系统，以避免用不必要的细节来使得示例不清楚。在其他实例中，可以不以不必要的细节来示出众所周知的过程、结构和技术，以避免使得示例实施例不清楚。It should be understood that specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, systems may be shown in block diagrams to avoid obscuring the examples with unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known processes, structures and techniques may not be shown in unnecessary detail to avoid obscuring example embodiments.

实施例一Example 1

如图1～5所示，本实施例提供的所述用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置，包括保护罩壳体1、反光体2、不锈钢喉箍3和用于一端插入初砌混凝土及围岩的直螺纹钢筋4，其中，所述保护罩壳体1为由不锈钢底板101和环形围板102构成的无盖盒体结构，所述不锈钢喉箍3包括箍头301、螺丝302和围成一可伸缩套圈的不锈钢带303；所述反光体2位于所述保护罩壳体1的内部且设置在所述不锈钢底板101的主视面上，所述不锈钢底板101的后视面与所述不锈钢带303的外周表面相焊接，所述不锈钢带303套在所述直螺纹钢筋4的另一端上且通过所述箍头301和所述螺丝302紧套所述直螺纹钢筋4。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the measuring point reflection device for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction provided in this embodiment includes aprotective cover shell 1, areflector 2, a stainlesssteel throat hoop 3, and a The straight threadedsteel bar 4 for laying concrete and surrounding rock, wherein theprotective cover shell 1 is a coverless box structure composed of a stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 and anannular surrounding plate 102, and the stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 includes a hoop head 301, a screw 302 and a stainless steel band 303 enclosing a retractable ferrule; thereflector 2 is located inside theprotective cover shell 1 and is arranged on the front surface of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101, and the back of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 The viewing surface is welded with the outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip 303, the stainless steel strip 303 is sleeved on the other end of the straight threadedsteel bar 4 and the straight threaded steel bar is tightly sleeved through the hoop head 301 and the screw 302. 4.

如图1～5所示，在所述测点反光装置的具体结构中，所述保护罩壳体1一方面利用由所述不锈钢底板101和所述环形围板102围成的无盖盒体结构，可有效缓解隧道中渗水、飞尘、飞石及施工机械对测点的破坏，以及保护内置的所述反光体2，防止反光体脱落或被破坏，另一方面利用所述不锈钢底板101焊接所述不锈钢喉箍3的不锈钢带303，实现所述发光体2与所述不锈钢喉箍3的绑定。所述反光体2用于作为反光测点使用，以便通过全站仪对该测点进行相关测量。所述不锈钢喉箍3为用于软硬管连接的现有紧固件，其在本实施例中用于利用所述不锈钢带303的套圈可伸缩特点，使所述保护罩壳体1及所述反光体2能够整体性地固定安装在不同规格的所述直螺纹钢筋4上(其通过所述箍头301和所述螺丝302实现紧套的原理与实现软硬管连接的现有紧固原理一致，于此不再赘述)，进而实现测点与所述直螺纹钢筋4的可拆卸安装目的，以便灵活使用，特别是在测点遭到破坏之后(撞歪或者撞掉)，可用所述不锈钢喉箍3直接紧套在剩余的外露钢筋上，为补点工作提供了很大的便捷性。所述直螺纹钢筋4用于在一端插入初砌混凝土及围岩时，提供外露的另一端来作为所述保护罩壳体1及所述反光体2的安装支点，其可以但不限于采用直径介于16～20mm的钢筋结构(同时其直径要与所述不锈钢带303的套圈直径相差不多，不能过大也不能过小)，同时在安装使用时，所述直螺纹钢筋4的外露长度一般介于15～25cm之间。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , in the specific structure of the measuring point reflection device, on the one hand, theprotective cover shell 1 uses a coverless box body surrounded by the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 and theannular surrounding plate 102 The structure can effectively alleviate the damage of water seepage, flying dust, flying stones and construction machinery to the measuring points in the tunnel, and protect the built-inreflector 2 to prevent the reflector from falling off or being damaged. On the other hand, the stainlesssteel base plate 101 is used The stainless steel band 303 of the stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 is welded to realize the binding of the light-emittingbody 2 and the stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 . Thereflective body 2 is used as a reflective measuring point, so that the measuring point can be measured by a total station. The stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 is an existing fastener used for the connection of soft and hard pipes. Thereflector 2 can be integrally fixed and installed on the straight threadedsteel bars 4 of different specifications (the principle of realizing the tight sleeve through the hoop head 301 and the screw 302 is the same as the existing tightening method for realizing the connection of soft and hard pipes. The fixing principle is the same, and will not be repeated here), and then the purpose of detachable installation of the measuring point and the straight threadedsteel bar 4 is realized, so as to be used flexibly, especially after the measuring point is damaged (bumped or knocked off), it can be used The stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 is directly and tightly sleeved on the remaining exposed steel bars, which provides great convenience for the repair work. The straight threadedsteel bar 4 is used to provide the exposed other end as the installation fulcrum of theprotective cover shell 1 and thereflector 2 when one end is inserted into the initial concrete and surrounding rock. The steel structure between 16 and 20mm (at the same time, its diameter should be similar to the diameter of the ferrule of the stainless steel strip 303, neither too large nor too small), and at the same time, during installation and use, the exposed length of the straight threadedsteel bar 4 Generally between 15 ~ 25cm.

由此通过前述测点反光装置的详细结构描述，提供了一种能够防止反光体脱落、测点被损坏和容易重做测点的改进型测点反光装置，即一方面通过由不锈钢底板101和环形围板102围成的无盖盒体结构，可有效缓解隧道中渗水、飞尘、飞石及施工机械对测点的破坏，以及保护内置的反光体2，防止反光体脱落或被破坏；另一方面通过不锈钢带303的套圈可伸缩特点，可使保护罩壳体1及反光体2能够整体性地固定安装在不同规格的直螺纹钢筋4上，进而实现测点与直螺纹钢筋4的可拆卸安装目的，以便灵活使用，特别是在测点遭到破坏之后，可用不锈钢喉箍3直接紧套在剩余的外露钢筋上，为补点工作提供了很大的便捷性。此外，所述测点反光装置还具有可循环利用、增强稳定性、实用性强、使用寿命长(由于不锈钢材质特别适用于湿度大、腐蚀严重的工作环境，因此具有极强的防腐、防锈的特性，延长了其使用寿命)、节省补点时间、减少污染、节约成本和降低造价等优点，便于实际应用和推广。Therefore, through the detailed structural description of the measuring point reflecting device, an improved measuring point reflecting device that can prevent the reflector from falling off, the measuring point being damaged and the measuring point being easily redone is provided. The coverless box structure enclosed by theannular enclosure plate 102 can effectively alleviate the damage of water seepage, flying dust, flying stones and construction machinery to the measuring point in the tunnel, and protect the built-inreflector 2 to prevent the reflector from falling off or being damaged; On the other hand, through the retractable feature of the ferrule of the stainless steel belt 303, theprotective cover shell 1 and thereflector 2 can be integrally fixed and installed on the straight-threadedsteel bars 4 of different specifications, thereby realizing the measurement point and the straight-threaded steel bars 4. The purpose of detachable installation is for flexible use, especially after the measuring point is damaged, the stainlesssteel throat hoop 3 can be directly tightly sleeved on the remaining exposed steel bars, which provides great convenience for the point repair work. In addition, the measuring point reflective device also has the advantages of recyclability, enhanced stability, strong practicability and long service life (because the stainless steel material is especially suitable for working environments with high humidity and severe corrosion, it has strong anti-corrosion and anti-rust properties. It has the advantages of prolonging its service life), saving time for replenishment, reducing pollution, saving cost and reducing cost, which is convenient for practical application and promotion.

优化的，所述测点反光装置的安装方法，还可以但不限于包括如下步骤S101～S105。Preferably, the installation method of the measuring point reflection device may also, but is not limited to, include the following steps S101 to S105.

S101.在隧道内侧墙体上水平钻孔，使水平孔在穿过初砌混凝土后，深入围岩20～30cm。S101. Drill horizontally on the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the horizontal hole penetrates through the initial concrete and penetrates 20-30cm into the surrounding rock.

在所述步骤S101中，于隧道内侧墙体上进行水平钻孔为测点反光装置的常规安装手段，一般是按照施工设计图和测量规范的要求，在隧道内侧边墙的测量位置进行水平钻孔。此外，如图1所示，所述水平孔延伸入围岩的深度举例为d＝25cm。In the step S101, horizontal drilling is performed on the inner side wall of the tunnel as a conventional installation method for the measuring point reflective device. Generally, according to the requirements of the construction design drawings and measurement specifications, the horizontal drilling is performed at the measurement position of the inner side wall of the tunnel. drilling. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 , the depth to which the horizontal hole extends into the surrounding rock is, for example, d=25cm.

S102.将直螺纹钢筋4的一端插入所述水平孔，并用锚固剂锚固。S102. Insert one end of the straight threadedsteel bar 4 into the horizontal hole and anchor it with an anchoring agent.

S103.将反光体2固定设置在不锈钢底板101的主视面上。S103. Fix thereflector 2 on the front surface of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101.

S104.焊接所述不锈钢底板101的后视面和不锈钢带303的外周表面，使保护罩壳体1固定在不锈钢喉箍3上。S104. Weld the rear view surface of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 and the outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip 303 to fix theprotective cover shell 1 on the stainlesssteel throat hoop 3.

在所述步骤S104中，根据对不锈钢焊接工艺技术的要求和现场实际情况分析结果，优选采用手工电弧焊，即包括有如下步骤：S401.采用手工电弧焊的方式进行焊接，并使所述不锈钢带303的焊接外周表面位于远离箍头301一侧的半圆弧区域3031，其中，焊接电弧长度介于1～3mm之间(需要依靠手动调节)；S402.依次使用稀盐酸和清水清洗焊口。在所述步骤S401中，如图4所示，由于所述不锈钢带303的焊接外周表面(即图4中的虚线圆圈)位于远离箍头301一侧的半圆弧区域3031，可确保焊接后的所述不锈钢底板101不会影响所述不锈钢带303的套圈可伸缩性。另外，在整个过程需保证焊口干净，并在焊口焊完后，通过所述步骤S402的清洗，可以保障焊接稳固性。当然一般而言，焊缝强度是等匹配或高匹配母材强度的，不锈钢本身具有高强度，只要焊接过程严格按照工艺流程进行，足以保证所述不锈钢底板101与所述不锈钢带303之间的连接稳固性。In the step S104, according to the requirements of the stainless steel welding process technology and the analysis result of the actual situation on site, manual arc welding is preferably used, that is, the following steps are included: S401. Use manual arc welding to weld, and make the stainless steel The welding outer peripheral surface of the belt 303 is located in the semi-circular arc area 3031 on the side away from the hoop 301, wherein the welding arc length is between 1 and 3 mm (requires manual adjustment); S402. Use dilute hydrochloric acid and clean water to clean the weld in turn . In the step S401 , as shown in FIG. 4 , since the welding outer peripheral surface of the stainless steel strip 303 (ie, the dashed circle in FIG. 4 ) is located in the semicircular arc area 3031 on the side away from the hoop 301 , it can ensure that after welding The stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 will not affect the ferrule expandability of the stainless steel band 303. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the welding junction is clean during the whole process, and after the welding of the welding junction, the cleaning of the step S402 can ensure the welding stability. Of course, generally speaking, the strength of the welding seam is equal to or highly matched to the strength of the base metal. Stainless steel itself has high strength. As long as the welding process is carried out in strict accordance with the technological process, it is enough to ensure the connection between the stainlesssteel base plate 101 and the stainless steel strip 303. Connection stability.

S105.将所述不锈钢带303套在所述直螺纹钢筋4的另一端上，然后在调整好反光方向后，通过所述箍头301和所述螺丝302紧套所述直螺纹钢筋4。S105. Sleeve the stainless steel strip 303 on the other end of the straight threadedsteel bar 4, and then tighten the straight threadedsteel bar 4 through the hoop head 301 and the screw 302 after adjusting the direction of reflection.

在所述步骤S105中，需要先旋转套圈，使所述反光体2朝向测量方向，然后再通过旋紧所述螺丝302实现紧套操作，以便所述保护罩壳体1及所述反光体2整体性地固定安装在所述直螺纹钢筋4上。此外，为了实现紧套目的，在所述步骤S105之前，需要先清洗所述不锈钢带303与所述直螺纹钢筋4套接处，确保不留杂质。In the step S105, it is necessary to rotate the ferrule first to make thereflector 2 face the measurement direction, and then tighten the screw 302 to realize the tightening operation, so that theprotective cover shell 1 and thereflector 2 is integrally fixed on the straight threadedsteel bar 4 . In addition, in order to achieve the purpose of tightening the sleeve, before the step S105, it is necessary to clean the sleeve joint of the stainless steel strip 303 and the straight threadedsteel bar 4 to ensure that no impurities are left.

由此通过前述步骤S101～S105，还可以很方便地对所述改进型测点反光装置进行安装使用，具有操作简单的特点。Therefore, through the aforementioned steps S101 to S105, the improved measuring point reflection device can also be easily installed and used, and has the characteristics of simple operation.

优化的，还包括电池盒5、电线6和LED灯7；所述电池盒5固定安装在所述不锈钢底板101的后视面上，所述电线6贯穿位于所述环形围板102上的过孔1021，所述LED灯7的数目为若干且环向地设置在所述环形围板102的内侧面上；所述电池盒5、所述电线6和所述LED灯7依次电连接。如图2～4所示，通过在罩内安装所述LED灯7，可在昏暗环境下，无需借助外力进行照明，同时还可以起到警示作用，提醒现场施工人员注意保护测点，进一步提升了实用性。由此在所述步骤S104之前或所述步骤S105之后，还需采用如下步骤S106～S107进行前述电路的装配：S106.将电池盒5固定安装在所述不锈钢底板101的后视面上，将LED灯7环向地设置在环形围板102的内侧面上；S107.通过贯穿过孔1021的电线6，使所述电池盒5、所述电线6和所述LED灯7依次电连接，其中，所述过孔1021位于所述环形围板102上。Optimized, it also includes abattery box 5 ,wires 6 andLED lights 7 ; thebattery box 5 is fixedly installed on the rear view surface of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 , and thewires 6 pass through the passages located on theannular surrounding plate 102 .Holes 1021, the number of theLED lights 7 is several and is circumferentially arranged on the inner side of theannular enclosure 102; thebattery box 5, thewires 6 and theLED lights 7 are electrically connected in sequence. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, by installing theLED lamp 7 in the cover, it can be illuminated in a dark environment without external force, and at the same time, it can also play a warning role, reminding the on-site construction personnel to pay attention to protecting the measuring point, and further improve the practicality. Therefore, before the step S104 or after the step S105, the following steps S106 to S107 need to be used to assemble the aforementioned circuit: S106. Thebattery box 5 is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the stainlesssteel base plate 101, and the The LED lights 7 are circumferentially arranged on the inner side of theannular enclosure plate 102; S107. Thebattery box 5, thewires 6 and theLED lights 7 are electrically connected in sequence through thewires 6 passing through the throughholes 1021, wherein , the viahole 1021 is located on theannular surrounding plate 102 .

详细具体的，如图2所示，当所述环形围板102为环向方形结构时，所述LED灯7的数目为8个且在所述环向围板102的四个内侧面上分别设置有2个。此外，还包括呈L型结构的电池盒支架8，其中，所述电池盒支架8的水平部垂直连接所述不锈钢底板101的后视面，所述电池盒5固定安装在所述电池盒支架8的水平部上。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , when theannular enclosure plate 102 has a circumferential square structure, the number of theLED lights 7 is 8 and theLED lights 7 are respectively arranged on the four inner surfaces of theannular enclosure plate 102 . There are 2 settings. In addition, it also includes abattery box bracket 8 in an L-shaped structure, wherein the horizontal part of thebattery box bracket 8 is vertically connected to the rear surface of the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 , and thebattery box 5 is fixedly installed on the battery box bracket. 8 on the horizontal part.

进一步优化的，还包括LED调光遥控器，其中，所述LED调光遥控器串联地电连接(即电池盒5、LED调光遥控器和LED灯7依次串联，实现调光目的)在所述电池盒5与所述LED灯7之间。如图5所示，所述LED调光遥控器用于根据接收的遥控指令，调节所述LED灯7的光照亮度，由此可遥控式控制LED灯的亮度：在测量的时候提高其亮度，反之则降低亮度，进而可节约能源，延长使用时间。Further optimization also includes an LED dimming remote control, wherein the LED dimming remote control is electrically connected in series (that is, thebattery box 5, the LED dimming remote control and theLED lamp 7 are connected in series in sequence to achieve the purpose of dimming) in the same place. between thebattery box 5 and theLED lamp 7 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the LED dimming remote controller is used to adjust the brightness of theLED lamp 7 according to the received remote control command, so that the brightness of the LED lamp can be controlled remotely: increase its brightness during measurement, and vice versa Then the brightness is reduced, which can save energy and prolong the use time.

优化的，在所述环形围板102的下部区域开设有若干排水孔9。如图2所示，通过设置所述排水孔9，可以及时排出内部积水，减小罩内的湿度，进一步防止反光体脱落，以及保护照明电路的安全。Preferably,several drainage holes 9 are opened in the lower region of theannular shroud 102 . As shown in FIG. 2 , by arranging the drainage holes 9 , the internal water can be drained in time, the humidity in the cover can be reduced, the reflector can be further prevented from falling off, and the safety of the lighting circuit can be protected.

优化的，所述不锈钢底板101为方形板，所述反光体2为方形反光片，其中，所述方形反光片的主视面积略小于所述方形板的主视面积；所述方形板的四个端角区域分别设有螺栓孔，所述方形反光片的四个端角区域分别设有与所述螺栓孔一一位置对应的且尺寸相同的孔洞，所述方形反光片通过贯穿所述孔洞和所述螺栓孔的四个铆钉10固定设置在所述不锈钢底板101的主视面上。如图2和3所示，通过采用所述铆钉10来固定所述方形反光片，可加固稳固性，确保监测数据的准确性。另外，当所述反光体2需要更换时，可通过手持式电钻配相应钻头直接钻透，将所述铆钉10抽芯铣掉即可，进一步实现补点的操作简便性，节约补点时间。此外，所述螺栓孔的直径可举例为3.2mm，所述铆钉10的规格可举例为3.2mm*6mm(钉体直径*钉体长度)。Preferably, the stainlesssteel bottom plate 101 is a square plate, and thereflector 2 is a square reflective sheet, wherein the main view area of the square reflective sheet is slightly smaller than that of the square plate; Each end corner area is respectively provided with bolt holes, and the four end corner areas of the square reflector are respectively provided with holes of the same size and corresponding to the bolt holes, and the square reflector passes through the holes. The fourrivets 10 and the bolt holes are fixedly arranged on the front surface of the stainlesssteel base plate 101 . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , by using therivets 10 to fix the square reflective sheet, the stability can be reinforced and the accuracy of the monitoring data can be ensured. In addition, when thereflector 2 needs to be replaced, the hand-held electric drill can be directly drilled through with a corresponding drill bit, and therivet 10 can be core-pulled and milled, which further realizes the simplicity of the operation and saves the time for the repair. In addition, the diameter of the bolt hole may be, for example, 3.2 mm, and the specification of therivet 10 may be, for example, 3.2 mm*6 mm (diameter of the nail body*length of the nail body).

综上，采用本实施例所提供的用于隧道施工期监控量测的测点反光装置及其安装方法，具有如下技术效果：To sum up, using the measuring point reflection device for monitoring and measurement during tunnel construction and its installation method provided by this embodiment has the following technical effects:

(1)本实施例提供了一种能够防止反光体脱落、测点被损坏和容易重做测点的改进型测点反光装置及其安装方法，即一方面通过由不锈钢底板和环形围板围成的无盖盒体结构，可有效缓解隧道中渗水、飞尘、飞石及施工机械对测点的破坏，以及保护内置的反光体，防止反光体脱落或被破坏；另一方面通过不锈钢带的套圈可伸缩特点，可使保护罩壳体及反光体能够整体性地固定安装在不同规格的直螺纹钢筋上，进而实现测点与直螺纹钢筋的可拆卸安装目的，以便灵活使用，特别是在测点遭到破坏之后，可用不锈钢喉箍直接紧套在剩余的外露钢筋上，为补点工作提供了很大的便捷性；(1) This embodiment provides an improved measuring point reflector and its installation method that can prevent the reflector from falling off, the measuring point is damaged, and the measuring point can be easily redone. The built-in coverless box structure can effectively alleviate the damage of water seepage, flying dust, flying stones and construction machinery to the measuring points in the tunnel, and protect the built-in reflector to prevent the reflector from falling off or being damaged; on the other hand, through the stainless steel belt The retractable feature of the ferrule enables the protective cover shell and the reflector to be integrally fixed on the straight threaded steel bars of different specifications, so as to realize the purpose of detachable installation of the measuring points and the straight threaded steel bars, so as to be used flexibly, especially After the measuring point is damaged, the stainless steel hose hoop can be directly tightly sleeved on the remaining exposed steel bars, which provides great convenience for the repairing point work;

以上所描述的多个实施例仅仅是示意性的，若涉及到作为分离部件说明的单元，其可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的；若涉及到作为单元显示的部件，其可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。The multiple embodiments described above are only illustrative. If the units described as separate components are involved, they may or may not be physically separated; if the components shown as units are involved, they may or may not be physically separated. It may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or it may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative effort.

以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced. However, these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

最后应说明的是，本发明不局限于上述可选的实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品。上述具体实施方式不应理解成对本发明的保护范围的限制，本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求书中界定的为准，并且说明书可以用于解释权利要求书。Finally, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and anyone can obtain other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. The above specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention, which should be defined in the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.