CN110745951B - A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removal - Google Patents
A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removalDownload PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110745951B CN110745951BCN201911128542.6ACN201911128542ACN110745951BCN 110745951 BCN110745951 BCN 110745951BCN 201911128542 ACN201911128542 ACN 201911128542ACN 110745951 BCN110745951 BCN 110745951B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- filler
- phosphorus
- retention
- pond
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水处理设备技术领域，特别的涉及一种兼具除磷去异味的生物滞留池。The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment equipment, in particular to a bioretention pond with phosphorus removal and odor removal.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会文明和技术的进步，城市化是近代人类社会发展的主旋律，早在2011年之前世界的城市化率就已经达到了52.1%。但是，随之而来的那就是严重的环境问题，城市附近的河流生态系统遭到严重破坏，水体遭到污染进而引起的水资源短缺；伴随着城市化的发展，地面硬化程度不断增加，曾经的土壤地面被大量的建筑材料所覆盖，在很大程度上破坏了天然水循环过程，减少地表渗水量汇流速率，雨水资源难以得到充分的利用，或积存在城市路面形成内涝，或携带大量的污染物流入自然水域，给城市的居民带来极大的不便；据相关研究表明城市的路面铺装使得百分之八十以上的降雨形成地表径流，只有很少一部分渗透到地面以下对地下水进行补充；另一方面破坏了城市—河流—湖泊的水系连接，阻断了原有的水循环过程，进而引起河道断流、水位下降等问题。With the advancement of social civilization and technology, urbanization is the main theme of the development of modern human society. As early as 2011, the urbanization rate of the world has reached 52.1%. However, there are serious environmental problems that follow. The river ecosystem near the city has been severely damaged, and the water body has been polluted and caused water shortages. With the development of urbanization, the degree of ground hardening has been increasing. The soil and ground are covered with a large amount of building materials, which destroys the natural water cycle process to a large extent, reduces the surface seepage and confluence rate, and makes it difficult to fully utilize rainwater resources, or accumulates on urban roads to form waterlogging, or carry a large amount of pollution. The flow of water into the natural waters brings great inconvenience to the residents of the city; according to relevant studies, the pavement of the city makes more than 80% of the rainfall form surface runoff, and only a small part penetrates below the ground to supplement the groundwater On the other hand, it destroys the connection of the city-river-lake water system, blocks the original water circulation process, and then causes problems such as river stoppage and water level drop.
生物滞留池应运而生，生物滞留池是低影响开发系统的核心工程措施之一。相关技术中的生物滞留池，通过植物生长、基质设置和基质内的微生物菌落共同实现对水质的净化功能，对径流雨水中总悬浮物、重金属以及病原菌等有较好的净化效果。如发明专利CN201910437141.2公开了一种生物滞留池及城市面源的氮磷污染的去除方法，所述生物滞留池内包含填料层，所述填料层由沸石、桐生砂、珍珠岩和生物质碎末组成；发明专利CN201910690367.3公开了一种同步脱氮除磷的生物滞留池，包括从上至下分布于生物滞留池本体中的超高层、淹没层、覆盖层、铁改性生物炭填料层、砾石排水层和出水口。发明专利CN201910336926.0公开了一种去除雨水中氮磷的生物滞留池，包括主体和回流附件；所述主体为圆台状的凹坑，凹坑内由上向下依次为植物层、种植土层、铁屑层、填料层和砾石层；所述的回流附件包括排水管、储水池、回流管；所述排水管和储水池设置在主体外，所述储水池通过回流管连接主体。然而，现有的生物滞留池往往偏重于雨水中磷、氮等物质的去除，而对于雨水和地表径流的黑臭水问题却往往涉及甚少，并且现有生物滞留池对磷等营养物的去除效果波动较大。Bioretention ponds came into being, and bioretention ponds are one of the core engineering measures for low-impact development systems. The bioretention pond in the related art realizes the purification function of water quality through plant growth, matrix setting and microbial colonies in the matrix, and has a good purification effect on total suspended solids, heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria in runoff rainwater. For example, invention patent CN201910437141.2 discloses a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from bioretention ponds and urban non-point sources. The bioretention pond contains a packing layer composed of zeolite, tungsten sand, perlite and biomass crushed materials. The final composition; the invention patent CN201910690367.3 discloses a bioretention pond for simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal, including super high-rise, submerged layer, covering layer and iron-modified biochar filler distributed in the body of the bioretention pond from top to bottom layer, gravel drainage layer and water outlet. Invention patent CN201910336926.0 discloses a bioretention pond for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in rainwater, including a main body and a backflow accessory; the main body is a conical pit, and the pit is followed by a plant layer, planting soil layer, The iron filing layer, the filler layer and the gravel layer; the backflow accessories include a drain pipe, a water storage tank, and a return pipe; the drain pipe and the water storage tank are arranged outside the main body, and the water storage tank is connected to the main body through the return pipe. However, the existing bioretention ponds tend to focus on the removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and other substances in rainwater, while the black and odorous water problems of rainwater and surface runoff are often less involved. The removal effect fluctuates greatly.
由于雨水和地表径流常常会伴随城市污水，有机无机污染极其严重，导致在生物滞留池的缺氧环境中水体常常有异味，水体出现季节性或终年黑臭。黑臭水体不仅危害绿植种植层植物的生长，而且影响氮磷的去除效果，进而长时间会影响生物滞留池的整体处理效果，并且在生物滞留池中收集的黑臭水体不适合水生生物生存，水生植被退化甚至灭绝，浮游植物、浮游动物、底栖动物只有少量耐污种存在。食物链断裂，食物网支离破碎，生态系统结构严重失衡，功能严重退化甚至丧失，同时也危害人体身体健康和破坏生态环境。因此，黑臭水问题成为目前城市水体污染问题中亟待解决的问题。Because rainwater and surface runoff are often accompanied by urban sewage, the organic and inorganic pollution is extremely serious, resulting in the water body often having peculiar smell in the anoxic environment of the bioretention pond, and the water body appears seasonal or year-round black odor. Black and odorous water not only harms the growth of green plants, but also affects the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, which in turn will affect the overall treatment effect of the bioretention pond for a long time, and the black and odorous water collected in the bioretention pond is not suitable for aquatic organisms to survive. , aquatic vegetation is degraded or even extinct, and phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic animals have only a few pollution-tolerant species. The food chain is broken, the food web is fragmented, the ecosystem structure is seriously unbalanced, the function is seriously degraded or even lost, and it also harms human health and destroys the ecological environment. Therefore, the problem of black and odorous water has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current urban water pollution problem.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供了一种除磷去异味的生物滞留池，解决了现有生物滞留池功能单一，无法对黑臭水体进行有效处理的问题。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bioretention pond for phosphorus removal and odor removal, which solves the problem that the existing bioretention pond has single function and cannot effectively treat black and odorous water bodies.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下的技术方案：包括滞留池主体和进气系统，所述滞留池主体从上到下依次包括滞留淹没层、绿植种植层、土壤固定层、除臭填料层、除磷填料层和支撑层，除臭填料层包括微型反应器、活性污泥和沸石；所述除磷填料层从上到下设有第一填料层和第二填料层，所述各填料层之间以透水土工布相分隔，所述第一填料层的填料为含铁合金，所述含铁合金中铁元素的质量分数为65%~75%；所述第二填料层的填料为粉煤灰；所述进气系统包括与外界空气相连通的进气管，所述进气管与鼓风机的进气口相连，所述鼓风机的排气口分别通过气体导管与除臭填料层和支撑层相连通；所述支撑层内设置有导水管，用于收集下渗的液体，所述导水管与排水管相连。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: comprising a main body of a retention pond and an air intake system, and the main body of the retention pond sequentially includes a retention submerged layer, a green planting layer, a soil fixing layer, a deodorizing layer from top to bottom A filler layer, a phosphorus removal filler layer and a support layer, the deodorization filler layer includes a microreactor, activated sludge and zeolite; the phosphorus removal filler layer is provided with a first filler layer and a second filler layer from top to bottom, and the The filler layers are separated by permeable geotextiles, the filler of the first filler layer is an iron-containing alloy, and the mass fraction of iron in the iron-containing alloy is 65% to 75%; the filler of the second filler layer is powder coal ash; the air intake system includes an air intake pipe that communicates with the outside air, the air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet of the blower, and the air outlet of the blower is connected to the deodorizing packing layer and the supporting layer respectively through the gas conduit A water conduit is arranged in the support layer for collecting the seepage liquid, and the water conduit is connected with the drainage pipe.
这样，能够提供更长的水力停留时间和渗流路径，能够使雨水尤其是初期雨水与植物根系以及微生物和填料有更长的接触时间，保证了初期雨水的高效去除。且雨水渗流路径增大，可以使雨水与填料更充分的接触，大大提高了对磷的吸附作用，并且可以改变填料搭配适应不同的处理污染物要求。含铁合金填料释放出来的Fe3+与磷酸根离子会发生化学性表面吸附，从而去除径流磷污染物，其反应方程式为2Fe3++2PO43-=Fe2(PO4)3，含铁合金价格低廉，且铁含量丰富，能极高效率的除去水中的磷污染物。粉煤灰能保持较好的透水性，并且其中含有的微量铁也可以在雨水渗透过程中为磷的去除提供场所和媒介。除臭填料层的活性污泥中含有大量微生物，微型反应器内的树枝、木屑和活性炭为微生物提供了碳源，还具有大比表面积，不仅可以通过过滤和吸附作用可以去除径流中无机颗粒和部分溶解的污染物，同时为微生物提供生长附着位点和适宜的生长环境，使得微生物可以与径流中污染物充分的接触。进气系统为微生物提供了良好的代谢环境。所以除臭填料层为微生物创造了良好的生存繁殖条件，具有表面积较大、能保持较久的水份、耐用性能好、吸附量较大、能保持丰富的微生物、不会产生副反应，通过微生物与黑臭水体臭味来源有机物的反应，增加臭气处理的速度和效率，通过功能菌种产生胞外酶和活性菌膜，固定底泥，阻断底泥中的有机物、氮磷等污染因子向水体释放，提高水体的通明度，避免水体发臭，同时也保证了对含磷物质的高效去除。In this way, a longer hydraulic retention time and a seepage path can be provided, and the rainwater, especially the initial rainwater, can have a longer contact time with plant roots, microorganisms and fillers, and ensure the efficient removal of the initial rainwater. And the rainwater seepage path increases, which can make the rainwater and the filler more fully contact, greatly improve the adsorption of phosphorus, and can change the filler matching to suit different pollutant treatment requirements. The Fe3+ and phosphate ions released from the iron-containing alloy filler will undergo chemical surface adsorption, thereby removing the runoff phosphorus pollutants. The reaction equation is 2Fe3+ +2PO43- =Fe2 (PO4 )3 , the iron-containing alloy With low price and rich iron content, it can remove phosphorus pollutants in water with high efficiency. Fly ash can maintain good water permeability, and the trace amount of iron contained in it can also provide a place and medium for phosphorus removal in the process of rainwater infiltration. The activated sludge in the deodorizing packing layer contains a large number of microorganisms. The branches, wood chips and activated carbon in the microreactor provide carbon sources for the microorganisms, and also have a large specific surface area, which can not only remove inorganic particles and inorganic particles in the runoff through filtration and adsorption. Partially dissolved pollutants, while providing growth attachment sites and suitable growth environment for microorganisms, so that microorganisms can fully contact with pollutants in runoff. The air intake system provides a good metabolic environment for microorganisms. Therefore, the deodorizing filler layer creates good living and breeding conditions for microorganisms, with a large surface area, can retain moisture for a long time, good durability, large adsorption capacity, can maintain abundant microorganisms, and will not produce side reactions. The reaction between microorganisms and organic matter from the odor source of black and odorous water increases the speed and efficiency of odor treatment, produces extracellular enzymes and active biofilms through functional bacteria, fixes the sediment, and blocks the pollution of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment. The factor is released into the water body, improving the transparency of the water body, avoiding the odor of the water body, and ensuring the efficient removal of phosphorus-containing substances.
作为优选的，所述第一填料层的厚度为150~200mm，渗透系数为4~22m/d；所述第二填料层的孔隙率为45%~81%，厚度为100~150mm，渗透系数为0.43~1.23m/d；所述除臭填料层的厚度为150~300mm，渗透系数为5~12m/d。Preferably, the thickness of the first packing layer is 150-200 mm, and the permeability coefficient is 4-22 m/d; the porosity of the second packing layer is 45%-81%, the thickness is 100-150 mm, and the permeability coefficient is 45%-81%. is 0.43-1.23m/d; the thickness of the deodorizing filler layer is 150-300mm, and the permeability coefficient is 5-12m/d.
这样，将除磷填料层分隔为二层，从上至下依次分别填充大孔隙度高渗透性，小孔隙度低渗透性，高渗透性的填料中会有大量的溶解氧，低渗透性和中渗透性的填料中溶氧少，提供了缺氧或厌氧环境，通过好氧和厌氧环境的设置，提高了微生物对磷的吸收。并且也提高了雨水的排出速度，减少了滞留。In this way, the phosphorus removal filler layer is divided into two layers, which are filled with large porosity and high permeability from top to bottom, and small porosity and low permeability. The high permeability filler will have a large amount of dissolved oxygen, low permeability and The medium permeability filler has less dissolved oxygen, which provides an anoxic or anaerobic environment, and improves the absorption of phosphorus by microorganisms through the setting of aerobic and anaerobic environments. And it also improves the drainage speed of rainwater and reduces the retention.
作为优选的，所述滞留池主体为剖面是池主体为剖面高宽比为4~5：3~5，形状为矩形、椭圆、漏斗状或不规则形状的多种坑洞。所述滞留池主体的水量处理范围为2000~4500m3/h/m2，雨水与地表径流在滞留池主体的停留时间为2.5~7.5h。Preferably, the main body of the retention pond has a cross-section, and the main body of the pond has a cross-section height-to-width ratio of 4-5:3-5, and the shape is a rectangle, an ellipse, a funnel-shaped or a variety of irregular shapes. The water treatment range of the main body of the detention pond is 2000-4500 m3 /h/m2 , and the residence time of rainwater and surface runoff in the main body of the detention pond is 2.5-7.5 h.
所述滞留池主体需加锯齿形隔墙、栅格型隔墙或网型隔墙中的一种或多种，以保障所述滞留池主体不发生短流现象。The main body of the detention pond needs to be added with one or more of a sawtooth-shaped partition wall, a grid-type partition wall or a mesh-type partition wall, so as to ensure that the main body of the detention pond does not suffer from short-flow phenomenon.
作为优选的，所述淹没区的淹没水深范围为65~110mm，需要满足在1000~2600mm降雨量的情况下雨水不外渗的坑洼；所述挺水植物层种植的植物需要满足抗旱、抗涝、易生长且符合装置所在地水文条件的要求，优选为铜钱草、白掌、富贵竹、铁线蕨、橡皮树、玉树、银皇后和虎刺梅中的一种或多种。Preferably, the submerged water depth of the submerged area is in the range of 65-110 mm, which needs to meet the potholes where rainwater does not seep out under the condition of 1000-2600 mm rainfall; the plants planted in the emergent plant layer need to meet the requirements of drought resistance, resistance to Waterlogging, easy to grow and meet the requirements of the hydrological conditions of the location of the device, preferably one or more of the copper coin grass, the white palm, the lucky bamboo, the iron fern, the rubber tree, the yushu, the silver queen and the tiger thorn plum.
作为优选的，所述土壤固定层由菜园土、锯末、草木灰和熟石灰按体积比（30~40）：（10~30）：（20~40）：（1~5）混合而成，厚度为200~300mm，渗透系数为0.15~0.62m/d，土壤固定层与所述除臭填料层以透水土工布相分隔。Preferably, the soil fixation layer is formed by mixing vegetable garden soil, sawdust, plant ash and slaked lime in a volume ratio of (30~40):(10~30):(20~40):(1~5), and the thickness is 200~300mm, the permeability coefficient is 0.15~0.62m/d, and the soil fixing layer and the deodorizing filler layer are separated by permeable geotextiles.
作为优选的，所述透水土工布为等效孔径为0.027~0.83mm的针刺无纺布、PE膜复合土工布和长丝机织土工布中的一种或两种构成。这样，有效过滤了泥沙，使得排出雨水泥沙浓度含量更低，有效缓解了泥沙进入排水管道造成堵塞的困境，能更好地保证雨水下渗的流畅度同时保证各层之间的隔离性。Preferably, the permeable geotextile is one or both of acupuncture non-woven fabrics with an equivalent pore diameter of 0.027-0.83 mm, PE film composite geotextiles and filament woven geotextiles. In this way, the sediment is effectively filtered, so that the concentration of the discharged rainwater is lower, which effectively alleviates the dilemma of the sediment entering the drainage pipeline and causes blockage, and can better ensure the smoothness of rainwater infiltration and ensure the isolation between layers. sex.
作为优选的，所述滞留池主体内壁为不透水设置，且完全覆盖有透水土工布，所述透水土工布与滞留池主体内壁间的空隙为0.0025~0.005mm，阻断穿透现象。Preferably, the inner wall of the main body of the retention pond is impermeable and completely covered with permeable geotextiles, and the gap between the permeable geotextiles and the inner wall of the main body of the retention pond is 0.0025-0.005 mm to block penetration.
作为优选的，所述微型反应器设有蜂窝式孔径结构，每隔0.5~2mm开孔，孔径为0.5~2mm；微型反应器为球状、椭圆状、圆台状和盒状中的一种或多种，所述微型反应器的材料为无规共聚聚丙烯、聚丁烯、耐高温非交联聚乙烯和交联聚乙烯中的一种或多种。所述微型反应器内填充有树枝、木屑和活性炭；所述木屑的单颗粒半径不超过2mm且不引入其他有害杂质道的生物质材料；所述活性碳选用粉状活性炭、颗粒活性炭或蜂窝活性炭中的一种或多种，孔径20～300nm。Preferably, the micro-reactor is provided with a honeycomb aperture structure, opening holes every 0.5-2 mm, and the aperture is 0.5-2 mm; the micro-reactor is one or more of spherical, elliptical, truncated and box-shaped. The material of the micro-reactor is one or more of random copolymerized polypropylene, polybutene, high temperature resistant non-cross-linked polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene. The micro-reactor is filled with branches, wood chips and activated carbon; the single particle radius of the wood chips does not exceed 2mm and does not introduce other harmful impurities; the activated carbon is selected from powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon or honeycomb activated carbon One or more of them, with a pore size of 20 to 300 nm.
作为优选的，所述活性污泥的泥龄0.5~8d，污泥浓度为2.5~6.3g/L，污泥沉降比为16.32%~28.97%；所述沸石为斜发沸石、丝光沸石、菱沸石、毛沸石、钙十字沸石、片沸石、浊沸石、辉沸石和方沸石中的一种或多种，大小0.5-1cm2。Preferably, the sludge age of the activated sludge is 0.5-8d, the sludge concentration is 2.5-6.3g/L, and the sludge sedimentation ratio is 16.32%-28.97%; the zeolite is clinoptilolite, mordenite, chabazite One or more of zeolite, erionite, zeolite, heulandite, hazelite, pyroxene and analcite, with a size of 0.5-1 cm2 .
作为优选的，所述支撑层为半径30~60mm的砾石，厚度为200~400mm，所述支撑层与除磷填料层以透水土工布相分隔且保证透水性。这样，保障导水管不被堵塞。Preferably, the support layer is a gravel with a radius of 30-60mm and a thickness of 200-400mm, and the support layer and the phosphorus removal filler layer are separated by a water-permeable geotextile to ensure water permeability. In this way, it is ensured that the aqueduct is not blocked.
作为优选的，所述导水管的排布方式以井字形、回字型或交错型排布，其中不共线的导水管互相连接；所述排水管的管径为50~100mm。这样，保证了雨水以合理速率流出，保证装置稳定性。Preferably, the water conduits are arranged in a well-shaped, back-shaped or staggered arrangement, wherein the non-collinear water conduits are connected to each other; the diameter of the drainage pipes is 50-100 mm. In this way, it is ensured that the rainwater flows out at a reasonable rate and the stability of the device is ensured.
作为优选的，所述导气管的管径为10~50mm；所述鼓风机的功率为100~300W，风量4000~18000m3/h。这样，在支撑层、除臭填料层和除磷填料层之间形成了气体循环，为除臭填料层提供了充足氧气。Preferably, the diameter of the air duct is 10-50 mm; the power of the blower is 100-300 W, and the air volume is 4000-18000 m3 /h. In this way, gas circulation is formed among the support layer, the deodorizing filler layer and the phosphorus removal filler layer, and sufficient oxygen is provided for the deodorizing filler layer.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明生物滞留池的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bioretention tank of the present invention.
相比现有技术，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明提供的生物滞留池能够提供更长的水力停留时间和渗流路径，能够使雨水尤其是初期雨水与植物根系以及微生物和填料有更长的接触时间，保证了初期雨水的高效去除。针对较强的降雨对污染物的裹挟能力更强，容易导致污染物浓度先期较高，后期则会较好的问题，采取了分层式的填料层设计，使雨水能够均匀的流过不同的填料层，并充分反应，使得雨水净化效果不会随雨流量的改变而变化。1. The bioretention pond provided by the present invention can provide longer hydraulic retention time and seepage path, and can make rainwater, especially initial rainwater, have a longer contact time with plant roots, microorganisms and fillers, and ensure the efficient removal of initial rainwater. Aiming at the problem that strong rainfall has a stronger ability to hold pollutants, which is likely to lead to the problem that the concentration of pollutants is higher in the early stage and then better in the later stage, a layered packing layer design is adopted, so that the rainwater can flow evenly through different The packing layer is fully reacted, so that the rainwater purification effect will not change with the change of the rainwater flow.
2、本发明提供的高效除磷生物滞留池中，植物对雨水的渗透和净化发挥着重要的作用，其拦截了大颗粒污染物，使得下部结构的堵塞问题得到缓解，是生物滞留池不可少的组成部分。填料具有较大的比表面积，通过过滤和吸附作用可以去除径流中无机颗粒和部分溶解的污染物，同时填料还要为微生物提供生长附着位点和适宜的生长环境，使得微生物可以与径流中污染物充分的接触，促使微生物滞留污染物的能力得到最大程度的发挥。通过外接进气系统保证了生物滞留池内氧气的循环，保证了活性污泥中微生物正常的生长繁衍，有效的保证了生物滞留池中对黑臭水体的反应效率，在保证低成本的同时加快了反应速率，节约了装置成本。2. In the high-efficiency phosphorus removal bioretention pond provided by the present invention, plants play an important role in the infiltration and purification of rainwater, which intercepts large particle pollutants, so that the blockage problem of the lower structure is alleviated, which is an indispensable part of the bioretention pond. made of. The filler has a large specific surface area, and can remove inorganic particles and partially dissolved pollutants in the runoff through filtration and adsorption. At the same time, the filler also provides a growth attachment site and a suitable growth environment for microorganisms, so that the microorganisms can be polluted with the runoff. The sufficient contact with the pollutants promotes the ability of microorganisms to retain pollutants to the greatest extent. The external air intake system ensures the oxygen circulation in the bioretention tank, ensures the normal growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the activated sludge, and effectively ensures the reaction efficiency of the black and odorous water in the bioretention tank. The reaction rate saves the cost of the device.
3、本发明的生物滞留池结构所需时间更短，渗透效果更好，使用年限更长。除臭结构较为简单，无需同时配备相应的控制系统来控制生物除臭装置的除臭功能，生物除臭装置也无需额外的驱动装置来驱动，而是仅在水流的作用下即可实现生物除臭装置的开启应用，这就使得本发明的生物除臭装置的生产、制造以及应用成本都大大地降低。本发明采用透水土工布的设置，有效过滤了泥沙，使得排出雨水泥沙浓度含量更低，有效缓解了泥沙进入排水管道造成堵塞的困境，能更好地保证雨水下渗的流畅度同时保证各层之间的隔离性。本发明结构简单易操作，系统投资成本低，后期维护成本低，适于大规模推广应用。3. The bioretention tank structure of the present invention requires shorter time, better infiltration effect and longer service life. The deodorization structure is relatively simple, and there is no need to equip a corresponding control system to control the deodorization function of the biological deodorization device. The start-up application of the odor device greatly reduces the production, manufacture and application costs of the biological deodorization device of the present invention. The invention adopts the setting of the permeable geotextile, which effectively filters the sediment, so that the concentration content of the discharged rainwater is lower, effectively relieves the dilemma of the sediment entering the drainage pipeline and causes the blockage, and can better ensure the smoothness of the rainwater infiltration at the same time. Ensure isolation between layers. The invention has simple structure and easy operation, low system investment cost and low maintenance cost in the later period, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
4、本发明利用活性污泥内微生物细胞对恶臭物质的吸附、吸收和降解功能，将恶臭物质吸附后分解成CO2、H2O等简单无机物，填料层还可以进一步去除污水中的有机成分，因此，本发明在不影响生物滞留池除磷功能的同时大幅提高了生物滞留池黑臭水体的处理效果及效率，降低了生物滞留池的整体成本，具有可靠性高，稳定性好等优点，有效解决了以往生物滞留池存在黑臭水体的问题，保障了出水水质有保证，具有良好的应用前景。4. The present invention utilizes the functions of adsorption, absorption and degradation of malodorous substances by microbial cells in the activated sludge, and decomposes the malodorous substances into simple inorganic substances such as CO2 and H2 O after adsorption, and the filler layer can further remove the organic substances in the sewage. Therefore, the present invention greatly improves the treatment effect and efficiency of the black and odorous water body of the bioretention tank without affecting the phosphorus removal function of the bioretention tank, reduces the overall cost of the bioretention tank, has high reliability, good stability, etc. It has the advantages of effectively solving the problem of black and odorous water bodies in the bioretention pool in the past, ensuring the quality of the effluent and having a good application prospect.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.
具体实施时：如图1所示，一种兼具除磷去异味的生物滞留池，包括滞留池主体和进气系统，所述滞留池主体从上到下依次包括滞留淹没层1、绿植种植层2、土壤固定层3、除臭填料层4、除磷填料层5和支撑层6，除臭填料层4包括微型反应器、活性污泥和沸石；所述除磷填料层5从上到下设有第一填料层和第二填料层，所述各填料层之间以透水土工布相分隔，所述第一填料层的填料为含铁合金，所述含铁合金中铁元素的质量分数为65%~75%；所述第二填料层的填料为粉煤灰；所述进气系统包括与外界空气相连通的进气管7，所述进气管7与鼓风机8的进气口相连，所述鼓风机8的排气口分别通过气体导管9与除臭填料层4和支撑层6相连通；所述支撑层6内设置有导水管，用于收集下渗的液体，所述导水管与排水管10相连。Specific implementation: As shown in Figure 1, a bioretention pond with both phosphorus removal and odor removal includes a retention pond main body and an air intake system.
这样，能够提供更长的水力停留时间和渗流路径，能够使雨水尤其是初期雨水与植物根系以及微生物和填料有更长的接触时间，保证了初期雨水的高效去除。且雨水渗流路径增大，可以使雨水与填料更充分的接触，大大提高了对磷的吸附作用，并且可以改变填料搭配适应不同的处理污染物要求。含铁合金填料释放出来的Fe3+与磷酸根离子会发生化学性表面吸附，从而去除径流磷污染物，其反应方程式为2Fe3++2PO43-=Fe2(PO4)3，含铁合金价格低廉，且铁含量丰富，能极高效率的除去水中的磷污染物。粉煤灰能保持较好的透水性，并且其中含有的微量铁也可以在雨水渗透过程中为磷的去除提供场所和媒介。除臭填料层的活性污泥中含有大量微生物，微型反应器内的树枝、木屑和活性炭为微生物提供了碳源，还具有大比表面积，不仅可以通过过滤和吸附作用可以去除径流中无机颗粒和部分溶解的污染物，同时为微生物提供生长附着位点和适宜的生长环境，使得微生物可以与径流中污染物充分的接触。进气系统为微生物提供了良好的代谢环境。所以通过功能菌种产生胞外酶和活性菌膜，固定底泥，阻断底泥中的有机物、氮磷等污染因子向水体释放，提高水体的通明度，避免水体发臭，同时也保证了对含磷物质的高效去除。In this way, a longer hydraulic retention time and a seepage path can be provided, and the rainwater, especially the initial rainwater, can have a longer contact time with plant roots, microorganisms and fillers, and ensure the efficient removal of the initial rainwater. And the rainwater seepage path increases, which can make the rainwater and the filler more fully contact, greatly improve the adsorption of phosphorus, and can change the filler matching to suit different pollutant treatment requirements. The Fe3+ and phosphate ions released from the iron-containing alloy filler will undergo chemical surface adsorption, thereby removing the runoff phosphorus pollutants. The reaction equation is 2Fe3+ +2PO43- =Fe2 (PO4 )3 , the iron-containing alloy With low price and rich iron content, it can remove phosphorus pollutants in water with high efficiency. Fly ash can maintain good water permeability, and the trace amount of iron contained in it can also provide a place and medium for phosphorus removal in the process of rainwater infiltration. The activated sludge in the deodorizing packing layer contains a large number of microorganisms. The branches, wood chips and activated carbon in the microreactor provide carbon sources for the microorganisms, and also have a large specific surface area, which can not only remove inorganic particles and inorganic particles in the runoff through filtration and adsorption. Partially dissolved pollutants, while providing growth attachment sites and suitable growth environment for microorganisms, so that microorganisms can fully contact with pollutants in runoff. The air intake system provides a good metabolic environment for microorganisms. Therefore, the functional bacteria produce extracellular enzymes and active biofilms, fix the sediment, block the release of pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment to the water body, improve the transparency of the water body, avoid the odor of the water body, and ensure the Efficient removal of phosphorus-containing substances.
实施时，所述第一填料层的厚度为150~200mm，渗透系数为4~22m/d；所述第二填料层的孔隙率为45%~81%，厚度为100~150mm，渗透系数为0.43~1.23m/d；所述除臭填料层的厚度为150~300mm，渗透系数为5~12m/d。During implementation, the thickness of the first packing layer is 150-200 mm, and the permeability coefficient is 4-22 m/d; the porosity of the second packing layer is 45%-81%, the thickness is 100-150 mm, and the permeability coefficient is 0.43~1.23m/d; the thickness of the deodorizing filler layer is 150~300mm, and the permeability coefficient is 5~12m/d.
这样，将除磷填料层填料层分隔为二层，从上至下依次分别填充大孔隙度高渗透性，小孔隙度低渗透性，高渗透性的填料中会有大量的溶解氧，低渗透性和中渗透性的填料中溶氧少，提供了缺氧或厌氧环境，通过好氧和厌氧环境的设置，提高了微生物对磷的吸收。并且也提高了雨水的排出速度，减少了滞留。In this way, the phosphorus removal filler layer is divided into two layers, which are filled with large porosity and high permeability from top to bottom, and small porosity and low permeability. The high permeability filler will have a large amount of dissolved oxygen and low permeability. The low dissolved oxygen in the filler with high permeability and medium permeability provides an anoxic or anaerobic environment, and the absorption of phosphorus by microorganisms is improved through the setting of aerobic and anaerobic environment. And it also improves the drainage speed of rainwater and reduces the retention.
实施时，所述滞留池主体为剖面是池主体为剖面高宽比为4~5：3~5，形状为矩形、椭圆、漏斗状或不规则形状的多种坑洞。所述滞留池主体的水量处理范围为2000~4500m3/h/m2，雨水与地表径流在滞留池主体的停留时间为2.5~7.5h。When implemented, the main body of the retention pond has a cross-section, and the main body of the pond has a cross-section height-width ratio of 4-5:3-5, and the shape is a rectangle, an ellipse, a funnel-shaped or a variety of irregular shapes. The water treatment range of the main body of the detention pond is 2000-4500 m3 /h/m2 , and the residence time of rainwater and surface runoff in the main body of the detention pond is 2.5-7.5 h.
实施时，所述滞留池主体需加锯齿形隔墙、栅格型隔墙或网型隔墙中的一种或多种，以保障所述滞留池主体不发生短流现象。During implementation, one or more of zigzag-shaped partition walls, grid-type partition walls, or mesh-type partition walls should be added to the main body of the detention pond to ensure that short-flow phenomena do not occur in the main body of the detention pond.
实施时，所述淹没区的淹没水深范围为65~110mm，需要满足在1000~2600mm降雨量的情况下雨水不外渗的坑洼；所述挺水植物层种植的植物需要满足抗旱、抗涝、易生长且符合装置所在地水文条件的要求，优选为铜钱草、白掌、富贵竹、铁线蕨、橡皮树、玉树、银皇后和虎刺梅中的一种或多种。During implementation, the submerged water depth range of the submerged area is 65~110mm, which needs to meet the potholes where rainwater does not seep out under the condition of 1000~2600mm rainfall; the plants planted in the emergent plant layer need to meet the requirements of drought resistance and waterlogging resistance. , easy to grow and meet the requirements of the hydrological conditions of the location of the device, preferably one or more of the copper money grass, the white palm, the lucky bamboo, the fern, the rubber tree, the yushu, the silver queen and the tiger thorn plum.
实施时，所述土壤固定层由菜园土、锯末、草木灰和熟石灰按体积比（30~40）：（10~30）：（20~40）：（1~5）混合而成，厚度为200~300mm，渗透系数为0.15~0.62m/d，土壤固定层与所述除臭填料层以透水土工布相分隔。During implementation, the soil fixed layer is mixed with vegetable garden soil, sawdust, plant ash and slaked lime in a volume ratio of (30~40):(10~30):(20~40):(1~5), with a thickness of 200 ~300mm, the permeability coefficient is 0.15~0.62m/d, and the soil fixing layer and the deodorizing filler layer are separated by permeable geotextiles.
实施时，所述透水土工布为等效孔径为0.027~0.83mm的针刺无纺布、PE膜复合土工布和长丝机织土工布中的一种或两种。这样，有效过滤了泥沙，使得排出雨水泥沙浓度含量更低，有效缓解了泥沙进入排水管道造成堵塞的困境，能更好地保证雨水下渗的流畅度同时保证各层之间的隔离性。When implemented, the permeable geotextile is one or both of acupuncture non-woven fabrics with an equivalent pore diameter of 0.027-0.83 mm, PE film composite geotextiles and filament woven geotextiles. In this way, the sediment is effectively filtered, so that the concentration of the discharged rainwater is lower, which effectively alleviates the dilemma of the sediment entering the drainage pipeline and causes blockage, and can better ensure the smoothness of rainwater infiltration and ensure the isolation between layers. sex.
实施时，所述滞留池主体内壁为不透水设置，且完全覆盖有透水土工布，所述透水土工布与滞留池主体内壁间的空隙为0.0025~0.005mm，阻断穿透现象。During implementation, the inner wall of the main body of the retention pond is impermeable and completely covered with permeable geotextiles, and the gap between the permeable geotextiles and the inner wall of the main body of the retention pond is 0.0025-0.005 mm to block penetration.
实施时，所述微型反应器设有蜂窝式孔径结构，每隔0.5~2mm开孔，孔径为0.5~2mm；微型反应器为球状、椭圆状、圆台状和盒状中的一种或多种，所述微型反应器的材料为无规共聚聚丙烯、聚丁烯、耐高温非交联聚乙烯和交联聚乙烯中的一种或多种。所述微型反应器内填充有树枝、木屑和活性炭；所述木屑的单颗粒半径不超过2mm且不引入其他有害杂质道的生物质材料；所述活性碳选用粉状活性炭、颗粒活性炭或蜂窝活性炭中的一种或多种，孔径20～300nm。During implementation, the micro-reactor is provided with a honeycomb aperture structure, opening holes every 0.5-2 mm, and the aperture is 0.5-2 mm; the micro-reactor is one or more of spherical, elliptical, truncated and box-shaped. , the material of the microreactor is one or more of random copolymerized polypropylene, polybutene, high temperature resistant non-cross-linked polyethylene and cross-linked polyethylene. The micro-reactor is filled with branches, wood chips and activated carbon; the single particle radius of the wood chips does not exceed 2mm and does not introduce other harmful impurities; the activated carbon is selected from powdered activated carbon, granular activated carbon or honeycomb activated carbon One or more of them, with a pore size of 20 to 300 nm.
实施时，所述活性污泥的泥龄0.5~8d，污泥浓度为2.5~6.3g/L，污泥沉降比为16.32%~28.97%；所述沸石为斜发沸石、丝光沸石、菱沸石、毛沸石、钙十字沸石、片沸石、浊沸石、辉沸石和方沸石中的一种或多种，大小0.5-1cm2。During implementation, the sludge age of the activated sludge is 0.5~8d, the sludge concentration is 2.5~6.3g/L, and the sludge sedimentation ratio is 16.32%~28.97%; the zeolite is clinoptilolite, mordenite, chabazite One or more of , erionite, zeolite, heuenite, hazelite, pyroxene and analcite, with a size of 0.5-1 cm2 .
实施时，所述支撑层为半径30~60mm的砾石，厚度为200~400mm，所述支撑层与除磷填料层以透水土工布相分隔且保证透水性。这样，保障导水管不被堵塞。During implementation, the support layer is a gravel with a radius of 30-60 mm and a thickness of 200-400 mm. The support layer and the phosphorus removal filler layer are separated by a water-permeable geotextile to ensure water permeability. In this way, it is ensured that the aqueduct is not blocked.
实施时，所述导水管的排布方式以井字形、回字型或交错型排布，其中不共线的导水管互相连接；所述排水管的管径为50~100mm。这样，保证了雨水以合理速率流出，保证装置稳定性。During implementation, the water conduits are arranged in a well-shaped, back-shaped or staggered arrangement, wherein the non-collinear water conduits are connected to each other; the diameter of the drainage pipes is 50-100 mm. In this way, it is ensured that the rainwater flows out at a reasonable rate and the stability of the device is ensured.
实施时，所述导气管的管径为10~50mm；所述鼓风机的功率为100~300W，风量4000~18000m3/h。这样，在支撑层、除臭填料层和除磷填料层之间形成了气体循环，为除臭填料层提供了充足氧气。During implementation, the diameter of the air guide pipe is 10-50 mm; the power of the blower is 100-300 W, and the air volume is 4000-18000 m3 /h. In this way, gas circulation is formed among the support layer, the deodorizing filler layer and the phosphorus removal filler layer, and sufficient oxygen is provided for the deodorizing filler layer.
实施例1Example 1
一种高效除磷的生物滞留池，包括滞留池主体和进气系统，所述滞留池主体为剖面高宽比5：3，形状为矩形坑洞，其综合水处理量范围为2000m3/h/m2，在池主体各层与池主体内壁间安装网格型隔墙，阻断短流现象，池主体内壁需用20mm混凝土包裹，并用透水土工布完全覆盖，且保证土工布与混凝土的空隙在0.0025mm之间，阻断穿透现象。滞留池主体从上到下依次包括滞留淹没层、绿植种植层、土壤固定层、除臭填料层、除磷填料层和支撑层。A bioretention pond for high-efficiency phosphorus removal, comprising a main body of a retention pond and an air intake system, the main body of the retention pond has a section height-to-width ratio of 5:3, a rectangular pit in the shape, and a comprehensive water treatment capacity range of 2000 m3 /h /m2 , install grid-type partition walls between each layer of the main body of the pool and the inner wall of the main body to block the short-flow phenomenon. The inner wall of the main body of the pool needs to be wrapped with 20mm concrete and completely covered with permeable geotextiles, and ensure that the geotextiles and concrete are in contact with each other. The gap is between 0.0025mm, blocking the penetration phenomenon. The main body of the retention pond includes, from top to bottom, a retention submerged layer, a green planting layer, a soil fixing layer, a deodorizing filler layer, a phosphorus removal filler layer and a support layer.
所述滞留淹没层在2600mm降雨量的情况下雨水不外渗的下沉坑洼，深度110mm。The stagnant submerged layer is a sinkhole with a depth of 110mm where rainwater does not seep out under the condition of 2600mm rainfall.
所述绿植种植层选用铜钱草、白掌、富贵竹、铁线蕨、橡皮树、玉树、银皇后和虎刺梅。The green planting layer is selected from copper coin grass, white palm, lucky bamboo, fern, rubber tree, eucalyptus, silver queen and tiger thorn plum.
所述土壤固定层的成分配比为菜园土、锯末、草木灰、熟石灰按体积比30：30：40：5均匀混合调配而成，厚度300mm，渗透系数0.17m/d，在保证充分供给绿植营养物质的同时还需保证不引入有害杂质，用透水土工布与除臭填料层隔离并保证透水性。The composition ratio of the soil fixed layer is that vegetable garden soil, sawdust, plant ash, and slaked lime are uniformly mixed and prepared in a volume ratio of 30:30:40:5, with a thickness of 300mm and a permeability coefficient of 0.17m/d. In addition to nutrients, it is also necessary to ensure that no harmful impurities are introduced, and permeable geotextiles are used to isolate the deodorant filler layer and ensure water permeability.
所述除臭填料层内填充微型反应器和活性污泥、沸石，三者均匀混合，厚度为150mm，渗透系数7m/d。其中，微型反应器为球状、椭圆状，选用无规共聚聚丙烯和聚丁烯材质制备，表面设有蜂窝式孔径结构，体积为27mm3，每隔0.5mm开孔，孔径0.5mm。微型反应器内装填树枝、木屑、活性炭三种材料；所述树枝为常见一年生草本植物枯枝；所述木屑为建筑废料木屑，是一种单颗粒半径不超过2mm且不引入其他有害杂质道的生物质材料；所述活性碳选用粉状活性炭和颗粒活性炭，孔径150nm。所述活性污泥泥龄0.5d，污泥浓度（MLSS）为2.5g/L，污泥沉降比28.96%。所述沸石选用斜发沸石、丝光沸石、菱沸石，大小0.5cm2。The deodorizing packing layer is filled with a micro-reactor, activated sludge and zeolite, and the three are evenly mixed, with a thickness of 150 mm and a permeability coefficient of 7 m/d. Among them, the microreactor is spherical and elliptical, madeof random copolymerized polypropylene and polybutene, and has a honeycomb aperture structure on the surface. The microreactor is filled with three kinds of materials: branches, sawdust, and activated carbon; the branches are dead branches of common annual herbs; the sawdust is construction waste sawdust, which is a single particle with a radius of no more than 2mm and no introduction of other harmful impurities. Biomass material; the activated carbon is selected from powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon, with a pore size of 150 nm. The activated sludge sludge age is 0.5d, the sludge concentration (MLSS) is 2.5g/L, and the sludge sedimentation ratio is 28.96%. The zeolite is selected from clinoptilolite, mordenite and chabazite, with a size of 0.5 cm2 .
所述除磷填料层从上到下设有第一填料层和第二填料层，所述各填料层之间以透水土工布相分隔，所述第一填料层的填料为含铁合金，其主要成分为铁-铜合金、铁-铝合金，其形态为废料渣，要求该填料铁元素占比65%，铜、铝等非铁金属元素占比10%，碳元素5%，非碳非金属元素占比低于1%，厚度200mm，渗透系数1.8m/d；所述第二填料层的填料为粉煤灰，其主要成分是晶体状莫来石、α-石英，孔隙率在53%，厚度150mm，渗透系数为0.48m/d。The phosphorus removal filler layer is provided with a first filler layer and a second filler layer from top to bottom, the filler layers are separated by water-permeable geotextiles, and the filler of the first filler layer is an iron-containing alloy, which is mainly The composition is iron-copper alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, and its form is waste slag. The filler is required to account for 65% of iron, 10% of non-ferrous metal elements such as copper and aluminum, 5% of carbon, and non-carbon and non-metallic elements. The proportion of elements is less than 1%, the thickness is 200mm, and the permeability coefficient is 1.8m/d; the filler of the second packing layer is fly ash, and its main components are crystalline mullite and α-quartz, and the porosity is 53%. , the thickness is 150mm, and the permeability coefficient is 0.48m/d.
所述支撑层为半径30mm的砾石，厚度为300mm，并用透水土工布与除磷填料层隔离并保证透水性。The support layer is a gravel with a radius of 30mm and a thickness of 300mm, and is separated from the phosphorus removal filler layer by a permeable geotextile to ensure water permeability.
上述透水土工布采用等效孔径为0.028mm的针刺无纺布。The above-mentioned permeable geotextile adopts needle-punched non-woven fabric with an equivalent aperture of 0.028 mm.
所述进气系统包括与外界空气相连通的进气管，所述进气管与鼓风机的进气口相连，所述鼓风机的排气口分别通过气体导管与除臭填料层和支撑层相连通，鼓风机的功率为150W，风量4500m3/h。The air intake system includes an air intake pipe that is communicated with the outside air, the air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet of the blower, and the air outlet of the blower is communicated with the deodorizing packing layer and the support layer respectively through the gas conduit, and the blower The power is 150W and the air volume is 4500m3 /h.
所述支撑层内设置有导水管，用于收集下渗的液体，所述导水管与排水管相连，导气管的管径为50mm，排水管的管径为100mm。A water conduit is arranged in the support layer for collecting the seepage liquid, the water conduit is connected with the drainage pipe, the diameter of the air conduit is 50 mm, and the diameter of the drainage pipe is 100 mm.
实施例2Example 2
一种高效除磷的生物滞留池，包括滞留池主体和进气系统，所述滞留池主体为剖面高宽比5：2，形状为矩形坑洞，其综合水处理量范围为3000m3/h/m2，在池主体各层与池主体内壁间安装网格型隔墙，阻断短流现象，池主体内壁需用25mm混凝土包裹，并用透水土工布完全覆盖，且保证透水土工布与混凝土的空隙在0.0035mm之间，阻断穿透现象。滞留池主体从上到下依次包括滞留淹没层、绿植种植层、土壤固定层、除臭填料层、除磷填料层和支撑层。A high-efficiency phosphorus removal bioretention pond includes a main body of the retention pond and an air intake system, the main body of the retention pond has a section height-to-width ratio of 5:2, the shape is a rectangular pit, and its comprehensive water treatment capacity range is 3000m3 /h /m2 , install grid-type partition walls between each layer of the main body of the pool and the inner wall of the main body to block the short flow phenomenon. The inner wall of the main body of the pool needs to be wrapped with 25mm concrete and completely covered with permeable geotextiles, and ensure that the permeable geotextiles and concrete The gap is between 0.0035mm, blocking the penetration phenomenon. The main body of the retention pond includes, from top to bottom, a retention submerged layer, a green planting layer, a soil fixing layer, a deodorizing filler layer, a phosphorus removal filler layer and a support layer.
所述滞留淹没层在1800mm降雨量的情况下雨水不外渗的下沉坑洼，深度100mm。The stagnant submerged layer is a sinkhole with a depth of 100mm where rainwater does not seep out under the condition of 1800mm rainfall.
所述绿植种植层选用铜钱草、白掌橡皮树、玉树、银皇后和虎刺梅。The green planting layer is selected from copper money grass, white palm rubber tree, eucalyptus, silver queen and tiger thorn plum.
所述土壤固定层的成分配比为菜园土、锯末、草木灰、熟石灰按体积比25：30：35：3均匀混合调配而成，厚度250mm，渗透系数0.32m/d，在保证充分供给绿植营养物质的同时还需保证不引入有害杂质，用透水土工布与除臭填料层隔离并保证透水性。The composition ratio of the soil fixed layer is that vegetable garden soil, sawdust, plant ash, and slaked lime are uniformly mixed and prepared in a volume ratio of 25:30:35:3, with a thickness of 250mm and a permeability coefficient of 0.32m/d. In addition to nutrients, it is also necessary to ensure that no harmful impurities are introduced, and permeable geotextiles are used to isolate the deodorant filler layer and ensure water permeability.
所述除臭填料层内填充微型反应器和活性污泥、沸石，三者均匀混合，厚度为200mm，渗透系数5m/d。其中，微型反应器为球状、盒状，选用无规共聚聚丙烯和聚丁烯材质制备，表面设有蜂窝式孔径结构，体积为37mm3，每隔1mm开孔，孔径1mm。微型反应器内装填树枝、木屑、活性炭三种材料；所述树枝为常见一年生草本植物枯枝；所述木屑为建筑废料木屑，是一种单颗粒半径不超过2mm且不引入其他有害杂质道的生物质材料；所述活性碳选用粉状活性炭和颗粒活性炭，孔径200nm。所述活性污泥泥龄1d，污泥浓度（MLSS）为5.2g/L，污泥沉降比27.32%。所述沸石选用斜发沸石、丝光沸石、菱沸石，大小0.6cm2。The deodorizing packing layer is filled with a micro-reactor, activated sludge and zeolite, and the three are evenly mixed, with a thickness of 200 mm and a permeability coefficient of 5 m/d. Among them, the microreactor is spherical and box-shaped, and is made of random copolymerized polypropylene and polybutene. The surface is provided with a honeycomb aperture structure, with a volume of 37 mm3 . The microreactor is filled with three kinds of materials: branches, sawdust, and activated carbon; the branches are dead branches of common annual herbs; the sawdust is construction waste sawdust, which is a single particle with a radius of no more than 2mm and no introduction of other harmful impurities. Biomass material; the activated carbon is selected from powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon, with a pore size of 200 nm. The activated sludge had a sludge age of 1 d, a sludge concentration (MLSS) of 5.2 g/L, and a sludge settling ratio of 27.32%. The zeolite is selected from clinoptilolite, mordenite and chabazite, and the size is 0.6 cm2 .
所述除磷填料层从上到下设有第一填料层和第二填料层，所述各填料层之间以透水土工布相分隔，所述第一填料层的填料为含铁合金，其主要成分为铁-铜合金、铁-铝合金，其形态为废料渣，要求该填料铁元素占比80%，铜、铝等非铁金属元素占比10%，碳元素5%，非碳非金属元素占比低于1%，厚度200mm，渗透系数1.18m/d；所述第二填料层的填料为粉煤灰，其主要成分是钙长石、硅酸钙、赤铁矿，孔隙率在65%，厚度100mm，渗透系数为0.46m/d。The phosphorus removal filler layer is provided with a first filler layer and a second filler layer from top to bottom, the filler layers are separated by water-permeable geotextiles, and the filler of the first filler layer is an iron-containing alloy, which is mainly The composition is iron-copper alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, and its form is waste slag. The filler is required to account for 80% of iron, 10% of non-ferrous metal elements such as copper and aluminum, 5% of carbon, and non-carbon and non-metallic elements. The proportion of elements is less than 1%, the thickness is 200mm, and the permeability coefficient is 1.18m/d; the filler of the second filler layer is fly ash, and its main components are anorthite, calcium silicate, hematite, and the porosity is in 65%, the thickness is 100mm, and the permeability coefficient is 0.46m/d.
所述支撑层为半径30mm的砾石，厚度为300mm，并用透水土工布与除磷填料层隔离并保证透水性。The support layer is a gravel with a radius of 30mm and a thickness of 300mm, and is separated from the phosphorus removal filler layer by a permeable geotextile to ensure water permeability.
上述透水土工布采用等效孔径为0.32mm的PE膜复合土工布。The above-mentioned permeable geotextile adopts a PE membrane composite geotextile with an equivalent pore diameter of 0.32 mm.
所述进气系统包括与外界空气相连通的进气管，所述进气管与鼓风机的进气口相连，所述鼓风机的排气口分别通过气体导管与除臭填料层和支撑层相连通，鼓风机的功率为200W，风量5000m3/h。The air intake system includes an air intake pipe that is communicated with the outside air, the air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet of the blower, and the air outlet of the blower is communicated with the deodorizing packing layer and the support layer respectively through the gas conduit, and the blower The power is 200W, and the air volume is 5000m3 /h.
所述支撑层内设置有导水管，用于收集下渗的液体，所述导水管与排水管相连，导气管的管径为50mm，排水管的管径为80mm。A water conduit is arranged in the support layer for collecting the seepage liquid, the water conduit is connected with the drainage pipe, the diameter of the air conduit is 50 mm, and the diameter of the drainage pipe is 80 mm.
实施例3Example 3
一种高效除磷的生物滞留池，包括滞留池主体和进气系统，所述滞留池主体为剖面高宽比5：3，形状为矩形坑洞，其综合水处理量范围为3500m3/h/m2，在池主体各层与池主体内壁间安装网格型隔墙，阻断短流现象，池主体内壁需用30mm混凝土包裹，并用透水土工布完全覆盖，且保证土工布与混凝土的空隙在0.0025mm之间，阻断穿透现象。滞留池主体从上到下依次包括滞留淹没层、绿植种植层、土壤固定层、除臭填料层、除磷填料层和支撑层。A high-efficiency phosphorus removal bioretention pond includes a main body of the retention pond and an air intake system, the main body of the retention pond has a section height-to-width ratio of 5:3, the shape is a rectangular pit, and its comprehensive water treatment capacity range is 3500m3 /h /m2 , install grid-type partition walls between each layer of the main body of the pool and the inner wall of the main body of the pool to block the short flow phenomenon. The inner wall of the main body of the pool should be wrapped with 30mm concrete and completely covered with permeable geotextiles, and ensure that the geotextiles and concrete are in contact with each other. The gap is between 0.0025mm, blocking the penetration phenomenon. The main body of the retention pond includes, from top to bottom, a retention submerged layer, a green planting layer, a soil fixing layer, a deodorizing filler layer, a phosphorus removal filler layer and a support layer.
所述滞留淹没层在2600mm降雨量的情况下雨水不外渗的下沉坑洼，深度120mm。The stagnant submerged layer is a sinkhole with a depth of 120mm in which rainwater does not seep out under the condition of 2600mm rainfall.
所述绿植种植层选用铜钱草、白掌、富贵竹、铁线蕨、橡皮树和虎刺梅。The green planting layer is selected from copper buckwheat grass, white palm, lucky bamboo, fern, rubber tree and tiger thorn plum.
所述土壤固定层的成分配比为菜园土、锯末、草木灰、熟石灰按体积比36：40：40：5均匀混合调配而成，厚度300mm，渗透系数0.25m/d，在保证充分供给绿植营养物质的同时还需保证不引入有害杂质，用透水土工布与除臭填料层隔离并保证透水性。The composition ratio of the soil fixed layer is that vegetable garden soil, sawdust, plant ash, and slaked lime are uniformly mixed and prepared in a volume ratio of 36:40:40:5, with a thickness of 300mm and a permeability coefficient of 0.25m/d. In addition to nutrients, it is also necessary to ensure that no harmful impurities are introduced, and permeable geotextiles are used to isolate the deodorant filler layer and ensure water permeability.
所述除臭填料层内填充微型反应器和活性污泥、沸石，三者均匀混合，厚度为300mm，渗透系数8m/d。其中，微型反应器为球状、椭圆状，选用无规共聚聚丙烯和聚丁烯材质制备，表面设有蜂窝式孔径结构，体积为38mm3，每隔1mm开孔，孔径1mm。微型反应器内装填树枝、木屑、活性炭三种材料；所述树枝为常见一年生草本植物枯枝；所述木屑为建筑废料木屑，是一种单颗粒半径不超过2mm且不引入其他有害杂质道的生物质材料；所述活性碳选用粉状活性炭和颗粒活性炭，孔径120nm。所述活性污泥泥龄2d，污泥浓度（MLSS）为5.3g/L，污泥沉降比27.93%。所述沸石选用斜发沸石、丝光沸石、菱沸石，大小1cm2。The deodorizing packing layer is filled with a micro-reactor, activated sludge and zeolite, and the three are evenly mixed, with a thickness of 300 mm and a permeability coefficient of 8 m/d. Among them, the microreactor is spherical and elliptical, madeof random copolymerized polypropylene and polybutene, and has a honeycomb aperture structure on the surface. The microreactor is filled with three kinds of materials: branches, sawdust, and activated carbon; the branches are dead branches of common annual herbs; the sawdust is construction waste sawdust, which is a single particle with a radius of no more than 2mm and no introduction of other harmful impurities. Biomass material; the activated carbon is selected from powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon, with a pore size of 120 nm. The activated sludge was 2 days old, the sludge concentration (MLSS) was 5.3g/L, and the sludge settling ratio was 27.93%. The zeolite is selected from clinoptilolite, mordenite and chabazite, with a size of 1 cm2 .
所述除磷填料层从上到下设有第一填料层和第二填料层，所述各填料层之间以透水土工布相分隔，所述第一填料层的填料为含铁合金，其主要成分为铁-铜合金、铁-铝合金，其形态为废料渣，要求该填料铁元素占比75%，铜、铝等非铁金属元素占比5%，碳元素10%，非碳非金属元素占比低于1%，厚度200mm，渗透系数1.4m/d；所述第二填料层的填料为粉煤灰，其主要成分是硅酸钙、赤铁矿、磁铁矿，孔隙率在73%，厚度150mm，渗透系数为0.73m/d。The phosphorus removal filler layer is provided with a first filler layer and a second filler layer from top to bottom, the filler layers are separated by water-permeable geotextiles, and the filler of the first filler layer is an iron-containing alloy, which is mainly The composition is iron-copper alloy, iron-aluminum alloy, and its form is waste slag. The filler is required to account for 75% of iron, 5% of non-ferrous metal elements such as copper and aluminum, 10% of carbon, and non-carbon and non-metallic elements. The proportion of elements is less than 1%, the thickness is 200mm, and the permeability coefficient is 1.4m/d; the filler of the second filler layer is fly ash, and its main components are calcium silicate, hematite, magnetite, and the porosity is in 73%, the thickness is 150mm, and the permeability coefficient is 0.73m/d.
所述支撑层为半径50mm的砾石，厚度为300mm，并用透水土工布与除磷填料层隔离并保证透水性。The support layer is a gravel with a radius of 50mm and a thickness of 300mm, and is separated from the phosphorus removal filler layer by a permeable geotextile to ensure water permeability.
上述透水土工布采用等效孔径为0.53mm的针刺无纺布长丝机织土工布。The above-mentioned permeable geotextile adopts needle-punched non-woven filament woven geotextile with an equivalent aperture of 0.53 mm.
所述进气系统包括与外界空气相连通的进气管，所述进气管与鼓风机的进气口相连，所述鼓风机的排气口分别通过气体导管与除臭填料层和支撑层相连通，鼓风机的功率为200W，风量5500m3/h。The air intake system includes an air intake pipe that is communicated with the outside air, the air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet of the blower, and the air outlet of the blower is communicated with the deodorizing packing layer and the support layer respectively through the gas conduit, and the blower The power is 200W and the air volume is 5500m3 /h.
所述支撑层内设置有导水管，用于收集下渗的液体，所述导水管与排水管相连，导气管A的管径为50mm，排水管的管径为100mm。A water conduit is arranged in the support layer for collecting the seepage liquid, the water conduit is connected with the drainage pipe, the diameter of the air conduit A is 50 mm, and the diameter of the drainage pipe is 100 mm.
采用实施例1~3的生物滞留池和常规生物滞留池，在相同条件下用于实际降雨径流处理，在排水管收集经生物滞留池处理过的水体，分别计算滞留池中磷的去除率和除臭效果，结果如表1所示。The bioretention ponds and conventional bioretention ponds of Examples 1 to 3 were used for actual rainfall runoff treatment under the same conditions. The deodorizing effect is shown in Table 1.
表1Table 1
从表1可以看出，与常规生物滞留池相比，本发明对磷具有较高去除效率，可以达到85%以上，并且能够有效除臭，可以用于降雨径流中的磷污染物进行截留、吸附、降解和除臭等净化处理。As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the conventional bioretention pond, the present invention has a higher removal efficiency of phosphorus, which can reach more than 85%, and can effectively deodorize, and can be used for the retention of phosphorus pollutants in rainfall runoff, Purification treatment such as adsorption, degradation and deodorization.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不以本发明为限制，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128542.6ACN110745951B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128542.6ACN110745951B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110745951A CN110745951A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
| CN110745951Btrue CN110745951B (en) | 2020-12-01 |
Family
ID=69283615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128542.6AActiveCN110745951B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110745951B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111659250A (en)* | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-15 | 合肥扬基环保科技有限公司 | Biological soil deodorization system and deodorization method |
| CN114941362B (en)* | 2020-12-18 | 2024-08-02 | 中铁二十局集团房地产开发有限公司 | Ladder type garden device |
| CN113620430B (en)* | 2021-08-06 | 2022-06-07 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent aeration type floating material module biological retention tank |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6277274B1 (en)* | 1999-04-16 | 2001-08-21 | Larry Steven Coffman | Method and apparatus for treating stormwater runoff |
| MX2010011415A (en)* | 2008-04-16 | 2011-04-07 | William Lucas | Bioretention system and method. |
| CN207210075U (en)* | 2017-06-27 | 2018-04-10 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | A kind of Rain Garden system for slowing down substrate clogging |
| CN107963715B (en)* | 2017-11-06 | 2020-12-25 | 天津大学 | Riverside ecological infiltration sewage interception tank filled with oxygen release material |
| CN109970281A (en)* | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-05 | 南京林业大学 | A bioretention pond for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from rainwater |
- 2019
- 2019-11-18CNCN201911128542.6Apatent/CN110745951B/enactiveActive
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110745951A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106830506B (en) | An Enhanced Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Bioretention Pond Applied in Sponge City Construction | |
| CN104773929B (en) | Zero-valent iron/microorganism composite filtration wall purification system for domestic sewage in irrigation areas | |
| CN100482601C (en) | Ventilating and baffling artificial wetland simulator | |
| WO2013007174A1 (en) | Three-dimensional ecological deodorant dephosphorization denitrification method and device, and application thereof | |
| CN110745951B (en) | A bioretention pond with phosphorus and odor removal | |
| CN207108742U (en) | A kind of livestock/poultry wastewater treatment system | |
| CN203768124U (en) | Ecological filter for micro-polluted water treatment | |
| CN202988917U (en) | Vertical flow artificial wetland substrate reversed size grading system | |
| CN210505976U (en) | Domestic sewage treatment system | |
| CN107352738B (en) | A composite artificial ecological bed sewage treatment system and method for strengthening nitrogen and phosphorus removal | |
| CN110759481A (en) | Biological detention pond of high-efficient dephosphorization | |
| CN104828946B (en) | A kind of intensified anti-nitrated living things catalysis filler subsurface wastewater infiltration system | |
| CN103951064A (en) | Ecological filter used for micro-polluted water treatment | |
| CN206692417U (en) | A kind of three-dimensional composite constructed wetland system | |
| CN109879528B (en) | Self-driven landscape ecological treatment method and system for rural domestic sewage | |
| CN101704616B (en) | Bioactive percolated domestic sewage treatment device | |
| CN101525200B (en) | Ecological soil purifying bed with automatic domestic sewage reoxygenation function | |
| CN108751649A (en) | A kind of processing system having to rural sewage treatment excess sludge | |
| CN201587887U (en) | A non-powered single-family rural domestic sewage treatment device | |
| CN103896418B (en) | One takes out box type sewage purification system and using method thereof | |
| CN102849854B (en) | Household miniature integrated device for sewage treatment | |
| CN202080988U (en) | Natural-aeration percolation type land treatment device for rural domestic sewage | |
| CN201121153Y (en) | A Rural Sewage Ecological Purification System | |
| CN108046541A (en) | A kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system | |
| CN210313934U (en) | Distributed sewage treatment system of constructed wetland |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |