CN110738909B - A Radiation and Shrinkage Dynamic Image Method for Realizing Jellyfish-like Image Collection - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一种实现水母状像集合的辐射与收缩动态像方法，两个等大小的长条形平面镜分别固定在可以活动的合页两个页上，弹性带能够控制两平面镜之间的夹角大小及两平面镜在空间的整体位置，半圆仪垂直交线延长线固定在水平平板上；涡流环自动形成器固定在水平平板上，涡流环自动形成器中的涡流环的运动方向在两个长条形平面镜之间夹角的等分面延长面上，照明灯固定在水平平板上，实现了在弹性带控制两个平面镜之间不同夹角及空间位置，由非电力长时间产生运动方向交替改变的水母状涡流环运动来研究成像辐射与收缩运动规律的方法，构思巧妙，制作极其简易，效果明显，可推广到大中学校与科技馆。

A radiation and shrinkage dynamic image method for realizing a jellyfish-like image collection. Two elongated flat mirrors of equal size are respectively fixed on two movable hinge pages, and an elastic band can control the size of the included angle between the two flat mirrors and the In the overall position of the two plane mirrors in space, the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the semicircle is fixed on the horizontal plate; the automatic vortex ring former is fixed on the horizontal plate, and the movement direction of the vortex ring in the automatic vortex ring former is two long strips. On the extension surface of the bisector of the angle between the plane mirrors, the lighting lamp is fixed on the horizontal plate, which realizes that the elastic belt controls the different angles and spatial positions between the two plane mirrors, and the direction of movement is alternately changed by non-electricity for a long time. The method of studying the law of imaging radiation and contraction motion by the motion of the jellyfish-like vortex ring is cleverly conceived, extremely simple to manufacture, and has obvious effects, which can be extended to universities, high schools, and science and technology museums.

Description

Radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image set

Technical Field

The patent relates to demonstrating radiation diffusion and contraction dynamic images of a moving jellyfish-like object in plane mirror imaging with a variable included angle, and belongs to the field of physical experiments.

Background

In geometric optics, imaging is one of important contents in teaching, the imaging is widely applied in the fields of physical experiments, scientific education and toys, such as infinite parallel peeping demonstration of two plane mirrors (a semi-permeable membrane mirror), kaleidoscope demonstration in triangular prism distribution and the like, in order to increase interest in understanding of imaging of the plane mirrors by students, kaleidoscope designed by people is very popular, images of kaleidoscope in the prior art are static, or a lens barrel is rotated, or an imaged object is artificially rotated or shaken by a motor, and the like, the included angle between the plane mirrors is fixed, images of different included angles of the plane mirrors cannot be seen in one device for comparison, the physical contents dynamically expressed by the kaleidoscope are not deeply carved, novelty and creativity are lacked, and how to realize imaging of the plane mirror with variable angles (variable included angles) is realized, and the dynamic objects do not depend on electric power, electricity, the patent aims to solve the problem of how to realize a comprehensive new experiment which is ingenious in conception, simple and easy to implement, low in cost and convenient for students to explore and research by manually driving and dynamically radiating and contracting an alternatively changed imaging image for a long time. The method is completed under the support of national natural fund projects (project numbers are 11805107 and 11405092), basic business cost scientific research projects (project number is 135209251) of high schools belonging to provinces of Heilongjiang province and high schools and application projects (project number is SJGY 20170385).

Disclosure of Invention

The patent is a physical demonstration experiment method for deeply demonstrating some dynamic characteristics of two plane mirrors, and emphasizes on solving the problem that an elastic band controls different included angles and spatial positions between the two plane mirrors, and the imaging is influenced by the movement of an eddy ring (jellyfish-shaped) with the movement direction changed alternately generated by non-electric power for a long time.

This patent technical scheme: a radiation and contraction dynamic image method for realizing a jellyfish-like image set mainly comprises a horizontal flat plate, a central groove, a lighting lamp, an eddy current ring automatic former, an eddy current ring, a plane mirror, an elastic belt, a hinge, a semi-circular instrument and an observation hole, and is characterized in that: two strip-shaped plane mirrors with the same size are respectively fixed on two movable hinges (the reflecting surfaces are opposite, the included angle between the two strip-shaped plane mirrors can be changed within the range of 0-180 degrees), a central groove is arranged at the central shaft of the horizontal plane, and hinge shafts on the plane mirrors are positioned in the central groove (the position for limiting the vertex angles (top edges) of the two plane mirrors); an elastic belt is wound around the edges of the two long-strip plane mirrors, and the two ends of the elastic belt are fixed on the horizontal flat plate after being stretched (tensioned); the elastic band can control the included angle size between the two plane mirrors and the overall position of the two plane mirrors in the space, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the elastic belt is pulled up and is not contacted with the two plane mirrors, the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the diagonal line of the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be at the vertical position, then the elastic belt is released and is contacted with the two plane mirrors, and thus the included angle between the two plane mirrors and the position in space are determined; the edges of the two long-strip-shaped plane mirrors are subjected to chamfering treatment to prevent the elastic belt from being cut off, the elastic belt is an elastic belt with a larger elastic coefficient, grooves with equal intervals are formed in the surface of the elastic belt, the width of each groove is equal to the thickness of the plane mirror, and the grooves of the elastic belt face the plane mirror and are in contact with the edges of the plane mirror (the friction between the grooves and the elastic belt is increased); the middle point of the bottom edge of a graphometer (protractor) with an observation hole is superposed with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflecting surfaces of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the graphometer is fixed on the horizontal flat plate; the vortex ring automatic generator is fixed on the horizontal flat plate, and the motion direction of a vortex ring in the vortex ring automatic generator is on an extension plane of an equal division plane of an included angle between two elongated plane mirrors (ensuring that the image of the vortex ring can be observed through an observation hole of a semi-circular instrument); the illuminating lamp is fixed on the horizontal flat plate.

As shown in the schematic diagram of the imaging rule of FIG. 1, according to the mirror imaging rule, the study object moves from the position of time T S1 to the position of time t + Δ t S2, the mirror BO is imaged and moves to the position of S2(BO) corresponding to the position of S1(BO) for the first imaging, and then moves to the position of S2(BO-OA) corresponding to the position of S1(BO-OA) for the second imaging, and imaging is performed sequentially, so that a large number of visual images of objects moving from the center to the outside can be seen at the viewing port, and similarly, the object moves to S1 from S2, and a large number of visual images of objects moving from the outside to the center can be seen at the viewing port through multiple imaging.

Referring to fig. 2, the vortex ring (jellyfish) automatic former: a perforated rubber ring a is fixed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, a glass tube is sleeved with the rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are transparent, a perforated rubber plug c is arranged at the opening of the inner cylinder, the outer diameter of the communicating tube (rubber tube) is matched with the aperture of the perforated rubber plug c and the aperture of the perforated rubber ring a, and the communicating tube penetrates through the hole of the perforated rubber plug c and the hole of the perforated rubber ring a to be sealed and fixed, so that the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly communicated (isobaric, and liquid of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is prevented; experimental parameters: at normal temperature, 20-25% concentration salt water is filled in the inner cylinder, clear water is filled in the outer cylinder, the thickness of a thin iron sheet fixed at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, the aperture on the iron sheet is 0.396mm, vortex rings like jellyfish can appear, one vortex ring follows the other vortex ring to be larger, the phenomenon is periodically and alternately appeared up and down, namely, the initial inner cylinder salt water passes through a hole to move downwards on the outer cylinder to form a string of vortex rings (jellyfish-shaped vortex rings), the downward movement is stopped after a certain time, the string of vortex rings formed by the liquid of the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder reversely are formed (the phenomenon that points punched on paper by a dotting timer in an experiment for measuring the gravity acceleration gradually become jellyfish-shaped vortex rings and become small and larger is a novel and interesting phenomenon), if the inner cylinder is filled with 50 ml of 20% salt water, the phenomenon can last for more than 24 hours, researchers can repeatedly observe other apertures, if the glass tubes with the aperture of 2.5mm length of 3, the requirements cannot be met.

During the experiment, the device is placed in a dark place of ambient light, the light source is started to irradiate the automatic vortex ring forming device, the observation hole can see that a large number of images are converged and contracted towards the center when the vortex ring moves downwards (moves towards the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors), and a large number of images are radiated and diffused outwards from the center when the vortex ring moves upwards (moves towards the direction far away from the vertex angle of the two plane mirrors); when the included angles between the two plane mirrors are adjusted to be different (the included angles are measured by an angle measuring instrument), the included angles of the motion directions of a large number of images are different.

The included angle formation of image law to between the two level mirrors is helped, and the production formation of image assembles and the understanding of radiation diffusion effect, and the effect of single object direction of motion and global motion also helps arousing the jellyfish form motion exploration that appears in turn simultaneously, and the increase is interesting, and novelty arouses the desire of exploring, and the easy contrast research of audio-visual image.

Its unique character of this patent is obviously different with prior art, has realized at different contained angles and spatial position between two level mirrors of elastic webbing control, and the method of imaging radiation and shrink motion law is researched by the vortex ring (jellyfish form) motion of the long-time automatic motion direction change of non-electric power, conceives ingeniously, and the preparation is extremely simple and easy, and the effect is obvious, promotes in the teaching and can increase more educational functions.

Drawings

Fig. 1, a two-plane mirror imaging principle diagram,

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure and phenomena of an automatic vortex ring (jellyfish-like) forming device,

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the patent. Wherein: 1. the device comprises a horizontal flat plate, 1-1 central groove, 2 illuminating lamp, 3 eddy current ring automatic former, 3-1 eddy current ring, 4 plane mirror, 5 elastic belt, 6 hinge, 7 semicircular instrument and 7-1 observation hole.

Detailed Description

As shown in the attached figure 3: a method for realizing a radiation and contraction dynamic image of a jellyfish-like image set mainly comprises a horizontalflat plate 1, a central groove 1-1, alighting lamp 2, an eddy current ring automatic former 3, an eddy current ring 3-1, aplane mirror 4, anelastic belt 5, ahinge 6, asemi-circular instrument 7 and an observation hole 7-1, and is characterized in that: two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 with equal size are respectively fixed on two movable hinges 6 (the reflecting surfaces are opposite, the included angle between the two strip-shaped plane mirrors can be changed within the range of 0-180 degrees), a central groove 1-1 is arranged at the central shaft of thehorizontal plane 1, and thehinge 6 shaft on theplane mirror 4 is positioned in the central groove 1-1 [ the position for limiting the vertex angle (top edge) of the two plane mirrors 4 ]; anelastic webbing 5 is around two rectangular shape level crossing 4 edges, fixes both ends onhorizontal plate 1 after 5 tensile (taut) elastic webbing 5 [elastic webbing 5 can control the contained angle size between thelevel crossing 4 and the overall position in space oflevel crossing 4, the concrete way: theelastic belt 5 is pulled up and is not in contact with the twoplane mirrors 4, the included angle between the twoplane mirrors 4 and the diagonal line of the twoplane mirrors 4 are adjusted to be at the vertical position, then theelastic belt 5 is released, theelastic belt 5 is in contact with the twoplane mirrors 4, the included angle between the twoplane mirrors 4 and the position in space are determined, the edges of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 are subjected to chamfering treatment to prevent theelastic belt 5 from being cut off, theelastic belt 5 is theelastic belt 5 with a larger elastic coefficient, grooves with equal intervals are formed in the surface of theelastic belt 5, the width of each groove is equal to the thickness of eachplane mirror 4, and the grooves of theelastic belt 5 are in contact with the edges of theplane mirrors 4 towards theplane mirrors 4; the midpoint of the bottom edge of a semicircle instrument (angulometer) 7 with an observation hole 7-1 is superposed with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflecting surfaces of the two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of thesemicircle instrument 7 is fixed on the horizontalflat plate 1; the vortex ringautomatic generator 3 is fixed on the horizontalflat plate 1, and the motion direction of a vortex ring 3-1 in the vortex ringautomatic generator 3 is on an extension plane of an equal division plane of an included angle between two strip-shaped plane mirrors 4 (ensuring that an image of the vortex ring 3-1 can be observed through an observation hole 7-1 of a semi-circular instrument 7); theilluminating lamp 2 is fixed on the horizontalflat plate 1.

Referring to fig. 2, the swirl ring (jellyfish-like swirl ring) automatic former: a perforated rubber ring a is fixed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, a glass tube is sleeved with the rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are transparent, a perforated rubber plug c is arranged at the opening of the inner cylinder, the outer diameter of the communicating tube (rubber tube) is matched with the aperture of the perforated rubber plug c and the aperture of the perforated rubber ring a, and the communicating tube penetrates through the hole of the perforated rubber plug c and the hole of the perforated rubber ring a to be sealed and fixed, so that the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly communicated (isobaric, and liquid of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is prevented; experimental parameters: at normal temperature, 20-25% saline water is filled in the inner cylinder, clear water is filled in the outer cylinder, the thickness of a thin iron sheet fixed at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, and the aperture on the iron sheet is 0.396 mm. Note that other pore diameters, such as a 2.5mm long 3.1cm glass tube, are susceptible to cross-flow and do not meet the requirements.

During the experiment, the device is placed in a slightly dark place of ambient light, theilluminating lamp 2 is started to irradiate the automatic vortexring forming device 3, and the observation hole 7-1 can see that a large number of images are converged and shrunk towards the center when the vortex ring 3-1 moves downwards (moves towards the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors), and a large number of images are radiated and diffused outwards from the center when the vortex ring 3-1 moves upwards (moves towards the direction far away from the vertex angle direction of the two plane mirrors); when the included angles between the twoplane mirrors 4 are adjusted to be different (the included angles are measured by the semi-circular instrument 7), the included angles of the motion directions of a large number of images are different.

It is to be understood that this description is only illustrative and explanatory of the spirit and nature of this patent, and that any modifications and alterations from this patent are intended to fall within the scope of this patent.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种实现水母状像集合的辐射与收缩动态像方法，主要由水平平板、中心凹槽、照明灯、涡流环自动形成器、平面镜、弹性带、合页、半圆仪、观察孔构成，其特征是：两个等大小的平面镜分别固定在可以活动的合页两个页上，水平平板上中心轴处有中心凹槽，平面镜上的合页轴处于中心凹槽中；一条弹性带绕两个平面镜边缘，将弹性带拉伸后两端固定在水平平板上，弹性带能够控制两平面镜之间的夹角大小及两平面镜在空间的整体位置，具体做法：把弹性带拉起不与两平面镜接触，调整两平面镜之间的夹角及两平面镜的对角线在竖直位置，然后再释放弹性带，弹性带与两平面镜接触，这样就把两平面镜之间的夹角及在空间的位置就确定了，所述两个平面镜边缘倒角处理，防止切断弹性带，弹性带表面有等间距凹槽，凹槽的宽度等于平面镜的厚度，弹性带的凹槽朝向平面镜与平面镜边缘接触；带有观察孔的半圆仪底边中点与两平面镜的反光面的交线延长线重合，且半圆仪垂直交线延长线固定在水平平板上；涡流环自动形成器：外筒内侧固定有带孔的橡胶环a，内筒为玻璃管外套橡胶环b，橡胶环a的内径与橡胶环b外径相匹配，内筒与外筒均透明，内筒口有带孔的橡胶塞c，连通管的外径与带孔橡胶塞c的孔径及带孔的橡胶环a的孔径相匹配，并由连通管穿过带孔橡胶塞c的孔及带孔的橡胶环a的孔密封固定，使内筒与外筒固定连通，涡流环自动形成器固定在水平平板上，所述涡流环自动形成器可以产生涡流环，涡流环的运动方向在两个平面镜之间夹角的等分面延长面上；照明灯固定在水平平板上。1. A radiation and shrinkage dynamic image method for realizing a jellyfish-like image collection, which is mainly composed of a horizontal flat plate, a central groove, a lighting lamp, an automatic vortex ring former, a plane mirror, an elastic belt, a hinge, a semicircle instrument, and an observation hole, It is characterized in that: two plane mirrors of equal size are respectively fixed on two movable hinge pages, a central groove is arranged at the central axis on the horizontal plate, and the hinge axis on the plane mirror is located in the central groove; The edges of the two plane mirrors are stretched and the two ends are fixed on the horizontal flat plate. The elastic belt can control the angle between the two plane mirrors and the overall position of the two plane mirrors in space. The two plane mirrors are in contact, adjust the angle between the two plane mirrors and the diagonal of the two plane mirrors in a vertical position, and then release the elastic band, and the elastic band is in contact with the two plane mirrors, so that the angle between the two plane mirrors and the space between the two plane mirrors are adjusted. The position of the two plane mirrors is determined. The edges of the two plane mirrors are chamfered to prevent the elastic belt from being cut off. The surface of the elastic belt has equidistant grooves. The width of the grooves is equal to the thickness of the plane mirror. ; The midpoint of the bottom edge of the semicircular instrument with the observation hole coincides with the extension line of the intersection line of the reflective surfaces of the two plane mirrors, and the extension line of the vertical intersection line of the semicircle instrument is fixed on the horizontal plate; vortex ring automatic former: The inner side of the outer cylinder is fixed with a Rubber ring a with holes, the inner cylinder is a glass tube and outer rubber ring b, the inner diameter of the rubber ring a matches the outer diameter of the rubber ring b, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are both transparent, and there is a rubber stopper c with a hole at the mouth of the inner cylinder, which communicates with each other. The outer diameter of the tube matches the hole diameter of the perforated rubber stopper c and the hole diameter of the perforated rubber ring a, and is sealed and fixed by the connecting tube passing through the hole of the perforated rubber stopper c and the hole of the perforated rubber ring a, so that the The inner cylinder is in fixed communication with the outer cylinder, and the automatic vortex ring former is fixed on the horizontal flat plate. on; the light is fixed on the horizontal plate.2.依据权利要求1所述的一种实现水母状像集合的辐射与收缩动态像方法，其特征是：涡流环自动形成器的实验参数：常温下，内筒装20～25％浓度盐水、外筒装清水，内筒底部固定薄铁片厚度为0.055mm，铁片上孔径为0.396mm；涡流环自动形成器其实验现象：会出现像水母状一样涡流环，一个跟着一个由小变大，这种现象是周期性的上下交替出现，也就是初始内筒盐水通过孔在外通向下运动形成一串串水母状涡流环，过一定时间停止向下运动，出现逆转由外筒液体向内筒形成一串串涡流环。2. a kind of radiation and shrinkage dynamic image method for realizing jellyfish-like image collection according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the experimental parameter of vortex ring automatic former: The outer cylinder is filled with clean water, the thickness of the fixed thin iron sheet at the bottom of the inner cylinder is 0.055mm, and the hole diameter of the iron sheet is 0.396mm; the experimental phenomenon of the vortex ring automatic former: there will be a jellyfish-like vortex ring, one after another from small to large, This phenomenon occurs periodically up and down alternately, that is, the salt water in the initial inner tube moves downward through the holes to form a series of jellyfish-like vortex rings, and stops moving downward after a certain period of time, and a reversal occurs from the liquid in the outer tube to the inner tube. A series of swirl rings are formed.3.依据权利要求1所述的一种实现水母状像集合的辐射与收缩动态像方法，其特征是：实验时，把装置放置在环境光线稍暗处，开启光源照射涡流环自动形成器，通过观察孔可以看到涡流环向下运动时，大量像向中央汇聚收缩，涡流环向上运动时，大量像由中央向外辐射扩散；在调节两平面镜之间为不同夹角时，看到大量像的运动方向夹角不同。3. according to a kind of radiation and shrinkage dynamic image method of realizing jellyfish-like image collection according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during experiment, the device is placed in a slightly dark place of ambient light, and the light source is turned on to illuminate the vortex ring automatic former, Through the observation hole, it can be seen that when the vortex ring moves downward, a large number of images converge and shrink toward the center. When the vortex ring moves upward, a large number of images radiate and spread from the center to the outside. When adjusting the angles between the two plane mirrors, a large number of images are seen. The angle of movement of the image is different.

Images