CN110698127A - A kind of self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌及其制备方法，包括渠道衬砌主体，所述渠道衬砌主体由自密实橡胶混凝土制成。本发明所提供的衬砌材料能够有效改善常规混凝土衬砌的高脆性、低应变性能，有效提高衬砌结构的延展性、抗渗防水性、抗盐侵蚀性、抗冻融能力和适应周围土体变形的能力。此外，该衬砌材料在现场浇筑过程中可以不用振捣便能在衬砌模具内填充密实，从而简化了施工步骤，加快了施工进度。本发明提供的自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌具有较好的推广应用前景。

The invention relates to a self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining and a preparation method thereof, comprising a channel lining main body, and the channel lining main body is made of self-compacting rubber concrete. The lining material provided by the invention can effectively improve the high brittleness and low strain performance of conventional concrete linings, and effectively improve the ductility, impermeability and waterproofness, salt erosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and adaptability of surrounding soil deformation of the lining structure. ability. In addition, the lining material can be densely filled in the lining mold without vibrating in the field pouring process, thereby simplifying the construction steps and speeding up the construction progress. The self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining provided by the invention has a good prospect of popularization and application.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌及其制备方法A kind of self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及水利工程的渠道衬砌，尤其涉及一种自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌及其制备方法。The invention relates to a channel lining of water conservancy projects, in particular to a self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

近年来，国家大力发展节水灌溉农业、实施跨区域调水，在水的流动过程中，渠道渗漏会造成巨大的损失，渠道衬砌就是水利工程中节水防渗设施的一种。在渠道衬砌中，混凝土渠道衬砌由于投资少、施工快等优势被广泛运用到渠道输水工程中。但是，常规混凝土渠道衬砌在使用过程中，常常会由于外部和内部原因遭到破坏，最常见的是北方渠道衬砌的冻胀破坏和盐碱地区渠道的侵蚀破坏等。另一方面，随着经济社会的不断发展，在汽车数量不断增加的同时，大量废弃轮胎的处理成为了我国乃至全世界共同面对的难题。In recent years, the country has vigorously developed water-saving irrigation agriculture and implemented cross-regional water transfer. In the process of water flow, channel leakage will cause huge losses. Channel lining is a kind of water-saving and anti-seepage facilities in water conservancy projects. Among channel linings, concrete channel linings are widely used in channel water delivery projects due to the advantages of less investment and faster construction. However, conventional concrete channel linings are often damaged due to external and internal reasons during use, the most common being frost heave damage to northern channel linings and erosion damage to channels in saline-alkali areas. On the other hand, with the continuous development of the economy and society, while the number of automobiles is increasing, the disposal of a large number of waste tires has become a common problem faced by our country and even the whole world.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对现有技术中存在的缺陷和不足，本发明提供了一种自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌及其制备方法。Aiming at the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining and a preparation method thereof.

本发明目的之一是提供一种自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌，包括渠道衬砌主体，所述渠道衬砌主体由自密实橡胶混凝土制成。本发明所提供的衬砌材料能够有效改善常规混凝土衬砌的高脆性、低应变性能，有效提高衬砌结构的延展性、抗渗防水性、抗盐侵蚀性、抗冻融能力和适应周围土体变形的能力。One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining, including a channel lining main body, the channel lining main body being made of self-compacting rubber concrete. The lining material provided by the invention can effectively improve the high brittleness and low strain performance of conventional concrete linings, and effectively improve the ductility, impermeability and waterproofness, salt erosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and adaptability to surrounding soil deformation of the lining structure. ability.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述自密实橡胶混凝土由以下组分为原料制备而成：按质量比计，(320-330):(170-180):(755-765):(600-870):(25-155):(180-186):(6.0-7.5)的水泥、粉煤灰、粗骨料、砂、橡胶骨料、水和添加剂。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the self-compacting rubber concrete is prepared from the following components as raw materials: (320-330):(170-180):(755-765):(600 by mass ratio -870):(25-155):(180-186):(6.0-7.5) of cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate, sand, rubber aggregate, water and additives.

根据本发明，由于自密实橡胶混凝土中掺有一定体积的橡胶骨料，因此使得该衬砌材料具有较强的延展性、抗渗性、抗盐侵蚀能力、抗冻融能力和适应周围土体变形的能力。此外，由于该衬砌材料在刚完成拌和后的一定时间内，具有较好的流动性和抗离析性，在现场浇筑过程中可以不用振捣便能在衬砌模具内填充密实，从而简化了施工步骤，加快了施工进度。本发明提供的自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌具有较好的推广应用前景。According to the present invention, since the self-compacting rubber concrete is mixed with a certain volume of rubber aggregate, the lining material has strong ductility, impermeability, salt erosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and adaptability to surrounding soil deformation Ability. In addition, because the lining material has good fluidity and segregation resistance within a certain period of time after the mixing is completed, it can be compacted in the lining mold without vibrating during the field pouring process, thereby simplifying the construction steps. , to speed up the construction progress. The self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining provided by the invention has a better prospect of popularization and application.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述添加剂包括95-105质量份的水、95-105质量份的减水剂、0.1-0.2质量份的消泡剂和0.25-0.35质量份的引气剂；优选为100质量份的水、100质量份的减水剂、0.16质量份的消泡剂和0.3质量份的引气剂。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the additives include 95-105 parts by mass of water, 95-105 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of defoamer and 0.25-0.35 parts by mass of air-entraining agent ; preferably 100 parts by mass of water, 100 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.16 parts by mass of defoamer and 0.3 parts by mass of air-entraining agent.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述砂的级配连续，细度模数为2.4-2.8，砂率不大于46％。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the gradation of the sand is continuous, the fineness modulus is 2.4-2.8, and the sand ratio is not more than 46%.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述粗骨料的粒径为5-20mm。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5-20 mm.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述橡胶骨料由废弃轮胎加工而成，优选的，所述橡胶骨料的粒径为0.075-4.75mm。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the rubber aggregate is processed from waste tires, and preferably, the particle size of the rubber aggregate is 0.075-4.75 mm.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述减水剂为聚羧酸型减水剂。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述水泥选自普通硅酸盐水泥，优选为42.5普通硅酸盐水泥；所述粉煤灰选自Ⅰ级粉煤灰。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cement is selected from ordinary Portland cement, preferably 42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the fly ash is selected from Class I fly ash.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，还包括止水装置，所述止水装置为接缝止水，优选为止水橡胶条或止水胶泥。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a water-stopping device is further included, and the water-stopping device is a seam water-stopping device, preferably a water-stopping rubber strip or a water-stopping cement.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述自密实橡胶混凝土在浇筑过程中坍落度大于255mm，坍落扩展度为550-750mm，V型漏斗时间为7-30s。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the slump of the self-compacting rubber concrete is greater than 255mm during the pouring process, the slump expansion is 550-750mm, and the V-shaped funnel time is 7-30s.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述渠道衬砌的横断面形状可以为梯形、U型、弧形等任意形状，衬砌厚度和具体横断面形状根据实际应用来选取。在本发明提供的优选实施方式中，所述渠道衬砌的横断面形状为梯形，所述渠道衬砌的侧壁为上薄下厚。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the channel lining can be any shape such as trapezoid, U-shaped, arc, etc. The thickness of the lining and the specific cross-sectional shape are selected according to practical applications. In a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the channel lining is a trapezoid, and the side wall of the channel lining is thin at the top and thick at the bottom.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述自密实橡胶混凝土中，所述橡胶骨料的体积不超过所述砂的体积的30％。根据本发明，所述自密实橡胶混凝土中用橡胶颗粒等体积取代砂子，取代比例以不超过砂子体积的30％为宜。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the self-compacting rubber concrete, the volume of the rubber aggregate does not exceed 30% of the volume of the sand. According to the present invention, in the self-compacting rubber concrete, an equal volume of rubber particles is used to replace the sand, and the replacement ratio is preferably not more than 30% of the volume of the sand.

根据本发明的一些优选实施方式，所述消泡剂可选自竹本油脂消泡剂AFK-2、阴离子型表面活性剂、矿物油消泡剂和高分子聚醚消泡剂；所述引气剂可选自竹本油脂引气剂AE-200、阴离子型表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂；所述消泡剂和所述引气剂也可以选自其他常规种类，分别优选为AFK-2和AE-200。According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the defoamer can be selected from bamboo oil defoamer AFK-2, anionic surfactant, mineral oil defoamer and polymer polyether defoamer; the air-entraining agent The agent can be selected from bamboo oil air-entraining agent AE-200, anionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant; the defoamer and the air-entraining agent can also be selected from other conventional types, preferably AFK-2 and AE-200.

本发明另一方面提供了所述自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌的制备方法，包括以下步骤：Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining, comprising the following steps:

步骤1)，将模板固定在渠道衬砌起始位置，并将所述模板两侧封闭；Step 1), the template is fixed at the starting position of the channel lining, and both sides of the template are closed;

步骤2)，生产自密实橡胶混凝土，将所述自密实橡胶混凝土浇筑进所述模板；Step 2), producing self-compacting rubber concrete, and pouring the self-compacting rubber concrete into the formwork;

步骤3)，对自密实橡胶混凝土进行加湿养护，然后拆模；Step 3), humidifying and curing the self-compacting rubber concrete, and then demoulding;

步骤4)，重复步骤1)-3)，直至完成渠道衬砌的制备；Step 4), repeat steps 1)-3) until the preparation of the channel lining is completed;

优选的，步骤4)中，还包括在每相邻两段自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌之间设置止水装置。Preferably, in step 4), a water stop device is further included between every two adjacent sections of self-compacting rubber concrete channel linings.

本发明的有益效果至少在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows:

1、抗渗、抗盐侵蚀能力强。本发明所使用的渠道衬砌材料中用橡胶颗粒部分取代砂子，使得自密实橡胶混凝土具有较强的抗渗防水、抗盐侵蚀能力。1. Strong impermeability and salt erosion resistance. In the channel lining material used in the invention, the sand is partially replaced by rubber particles, so that the self-compacting rubber concrete has strong anti-seepage, waterproof and salt erosion resistance.

2、施工简单。自密实橡胶混凝土具有较强的流动性和抗离析性，无需人工振捣即可填充密实，施工过程简单易操作。2. The construction is simple. Self-compacting rubber concrete has strong fluidity and segregation resistance, can be filled and compacted without manual vibration, and the construction process is simple and easy to operate.

3、衬砌使用寿命延长。本发明中使用的自密实橡胶混凝土材料相比于常规混凝土衬砌具有较强的韧性、延展性、抗冻融能力和适应周围土体变形的能力，从而延长渠道衬砌的使用寿命。3. The service life of the lining is prolonged. Compared with the conventional concrete lining, the self-compacting rubber concrete material used in the present invention has stronger toughness, ductility, freeze-thaw resistance and adaptability to the deformation of surrounding soil, thereby prolonging the service life of the channel lining.

4、生态环保。本发明中将废弃轮胎加工成橡胶骨料用来取代自然砂，从而可以有效减少废弃轮胎堆积、填埋、焚烧对生态环境造成的污染。4. Ecological and environmental protection. In the present invention, the waste tires are processed into rubber aggregates to replace natural sand, thereby effectively reducing the pollution to the ecological environment caused by the accumulation, landfill and incineration of the waste tires.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中新型渠道衬砌横断面示意图；1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a novel channel lining in an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例中新型渠道衬砌止水装置示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a novel channel lining water stop device in an embodiment of the present invention;

附图标记：1、自密实橡胶混凝土；2、周围土体；3、止水装置。Reference signs: 1. Self-compacting rubber concrete; 2. Surrounding soil; 3. Water-stopping device.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合实施例和附图进一步说明本发明的内容，但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下，对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换，均属于本发明的范围。The content of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, but should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention all belong to the scope of the present invention.

若未特别指明，实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段，实施例中，加入的各原料除特别说明外，均为市售常规原料。以下实施例中，水泥为金隅42.5普通硅酸盐水泥，粉煤灰为河南汇丰Ⅰ级粉煤灰，减水剂为聚羧酸型减水剂，橡胶骨料为粒径0.075-0.45mm连续级配的废弃轮胎破碎颗粒，碎石为粒径5-20mm连续级配的自然碎石，砂子为粒径0.075-0.45mm连续级配的自然砂，消泡剂为竹本油脂消泡剂AFK-2，引气剂为竹本油脂引气剂AE-200。Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. In the examples, the raw materials added are all commercially available conventional raw materials unless otherwise specified. In the following examples, the cement is BBMG 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, the fly ash is Henan Huifeng Class I fly ash, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and the rubber aggregate is a particle size of 0.075-0.45mm Continuously graded waste tire crushing particles, the gravel is natural gravel with a particle size of 5-20mm continuously graded, the sand is a continuous graded natural sand with a particle size of 0.075-0.45mm, and the antifoaming agent is the bamboo oil defoamer AFK -2, the air-entraining agent is Takemoto oil air-entraining agent AE-200.

如图1和图2所示，本发明提供的自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌包括渠道衬砌主体，所述渠道衬砌主体由自密实橡胶混凝土1浇筑在周围土体2之上；在每相邻两段自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌之间设置的止水装置3。在本发明提供的实施例中，渠道衬砌结构优选的是梯形横断面，衬砌侧壁上薄下厚。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining provided by the present invention includes a channel lining main body, and the channel lining main body is poured on the surrounding soil body 2 by the self-compacting rubber concrete 1; The water stop device 3 is arranged between the self-compacting rubber concrete channel linings. In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the channel lining structure preferably has a trapezoidal cross-section, and the lining sidewall is thin on the top and thick on the bottom.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例的自密实混凝土渠道衬砌结构的制备方法，具体步骤：The preparation method of the self-compacting concrete channel lining structure of the present embodiment, the specific steps:

S1：将模板固定在渠道衬砌位置，并将模板两侧封闭；S1: Fix the formwork at the channel lining position and close both sides of the formwork;

S2：生产自密实橡胶混凝土，并将流动性能满足要求的自密实橡胶混凝土浇筑进模板中；S2: Produce self-compacting rubber concrete, and pour the self-compacting rubber concrete with the required flow properties into the formwork;

S3：浇筑完成后，对自密实橡胶混凝土进行加湿养护，待自密实橡胶混凝土在模板中养护至一定强度后拆模；S3: After the pouring is completed, humidify and cure the self-compacting rubber concrete, and remove the formwork after the self-compacting rubber concrete is cured in the formwork to a certain strength;

S4：重复步骤S1-S3，直至完成整段渠道衬砌的施工。S4: Repeat steps S1-S3 until the construction of the entire channel lining is completed.

在本实施例中，每相邻两段自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌之间设置止水橡胶条，以减少渠道的渗漏损失。In this embodiment, water-stop rubber strips are arranged between every two adjacent sections of self-compacting rubber concrete channel linings to reduce leakage loss of the channel.

本实施例中，自密实橡胶混凝土中原材料组分的质量比为：水泥：粉煤灰：碎石：砂子：橡胶骨料：水：添加剂为325:175:760:825:25:185:7；本实施例中添加剂成分包括100质量份的水、100质量份的减水剂、0.16质量份的消泡剂和0.3质量份的引气剂。In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the raw material components in the self-compacting rubber concrete is: cement: fly ash: crushed stone: sand: rubber aggregate: water: additive is 325:175:760:825:25:185:7 ; In this embodiment, the additive components include 100 parts by mass of water, 100 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.16 parts by mass of defoaming agent and 0.3 parts by mass of air-entraining agent.

实施例2Example 2

采用与实施例1相同的方法，不同之处在于，自密实橡胶混凝土中原材料组分的质量比为：水泥：粉煤灰：碎石：砂子：橡胶骨料：水：添加剂为325:175:760:780:50:185:7；本实施例中添加剂成分包括100质量份的水、100质量份的减水剂、0.16质量份的消泡剂和0.3质量份的引气剂。The same method as in Example 1 is adopted, except that the mass ratio of the raw material components in the self-compacting rubber concrete is: cement: fly ash: crushed stone: sand: rubber aggregate: water: additive is 325:175: 760:780:50:185:7; in this example, the additive components include 100 parts by mass of water, 100 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.16 part by mass of defoamer, and 0.3 part by mass of air-entraining agent.

对比例1Comparative Example 1

采用与实施例1相同的方法，不同之处在于，将橡胶骨料等体积置换为砂子。The same method as in Example 1 was used, except that the same volume of rubber aggregate was replaced with sand.

实验例1Experimental example 1

根据《水工混凝土试验规程》SL 352-2006对上述实施例和对比例制备的自密实橡胶混凝土进行流动性能试验和强度试验，经检测，实施效果如下表所示：According to "Hydraulic Concrete Test Regulations" SL 352-2006, the self-compacting rubber concrete prepared by the above-mentioned examples and comparative examples is subjected to flow performance test and strength test. After testing, the implementation effect is shown in the following table:

表1流动性能试验Table 1 Flow property test

表2强度试验Table 2 Strength test

通过表1数据，可以看出，本发明实施例中，所述自密实橡胶混凝土在浇筑过程中坍落度大于255mm，坍落扩展度550-750mm，V型漏斗时间7-30s，浇筑全程不用振捣，自密实橡胶混凝土在自重作用下将模板填充密实。通过表2数据，可以看出，本发明实施例中，所述自密实橡胶混凝土的弹性模量分别为33.0GPa和29.5GPa，相比于对比例的弹性模量34GPa均有所降低，说明所述自密实橡胶混凝土的应变能力增强、延展性提高，从而能够从一定程度上提高自密实橡胶混凝土渠道衬砌结构适应周围土体变形的能力。From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, the slump of the self-compacting rubber concrete during the pouring process is greater than 255mm, the slump expansion is 550-750mm, the V-shaped funnel time is 7-30s, and the whole process of pouring is not required. Vibration, self-compacting rubber concrete fills and densifies the formwork under its own weight. From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic moduli of the self-compacting rubber concrete are 33.0GPa and 29.5GPa respectively, which are lower than the elastic moduli 34GPa of the comparative example, indicating that the The strain capacity and ductility of the self-compacting rubber concrete are enhanced, so that the ability of the self-compacting rubber concrete channel lining structure to adapt to the deformation of the surrounding soil can be improved to a certain extent.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a self-compaction rubber concrete canal lining which characterized in that, includes canal lining main part, canal lining main part is made by self-compaction rubber concrete.

2. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of claim 1, wherein the self-compacting rubber concrete is prepared from the following components: cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate, sand, rubber aggregate, water and additive in the mass ratio of (320-.

3. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of claim 2, wherein the additives comprise 95-105 parts by mass of water, 95-105 parts by mass of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of antifoaming agent, and 0.25-0.35 parts by mass of air entraining agent; preferably 100 parts by mass of water, 100 parts by mass of a water reducing agent, 0.16 part by mass of a defoaming agent and 0.3 part by mass of an air-entraining agent.

4. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of claim 2, wherein the sand is graded continuously with a fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8 and a sand rate of no more than 46%.

5. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of claim 2 wherein the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5-20 mm.

6. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the rubber aggregate is processed from discarded tires, preferably the rubber aggregate has a particle size of 0.075 to 4.75 mm.

7. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of any of claims 2 to 6, wherein the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducer.

8. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of any of claims 2-7, wherein the cement is selected from the group consisting of Portland cement, preferably 42.5 Portland cement; the fly ash is selected from I-grade fly ash.

9. The self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising a water stop means, which is a joint water stop, preferably a water stop rubber strip or a water stop mastic.

10. A method of preparing a self-compacting rubber concrete canal lining according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

step 1), fixing a template at a canal lining initial position, and sealing two sides of the template;

step 2), producing self-compacting rubber concrete, and pouring the self-compacting rubber concrete into the template;

step 3), humidifying and maintaining the self-compacting rubber concrete, and then removing the mold;

step 4), repeating the steps 1) to 3) until the preparation of the canal lining is finished;

preferably, in the step 4), a water stopping device is arranged between every two adjacent sections of self-compacting rubber concrete canal linings.

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