CN110688261A - A cloud disaster recovery system for heterogeneous electronic files of digital archives based on blockchain - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于数字档案管理技术领域，具体涉及一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of digital file management, and in particular relates to a cloud disaster recovery system for heterogeneous electronic files of digital files based on blockchain.
背景技术Background technique
大数据时代背景下，互联网的数据量正以指数级的速度增长，全球每年产生的数据量为ZB级，其中包含了大量具有保存价值的电子档案。另外，随着社会信息化的发展，信息安全已不仅仅是传统意义上的理论概念，也是影响重大且值得关注的现实对象。每年全球数据安全问题损失已经达到万亿美元数量级，我国也有数百亿美元的经济损失。面向档案行业，数字档案已成为现在档案的主要存在形式，大量的档案数字化副本、电子文件、音视频文件组成巨量的数字档案信息资源。In the context of the era of big data, the amount of data on the Internet is increasing at an exponential rate. The amount of data generated every year in the world is at the ZB level, including a large number of electronic files with preservation value. In addition, with the development of social informatization, information security is not only a theoretical concept in the traditional sense, but also a realistic object that has great influence and deserves attention. The annual loss of global data security issues has reached the order of trillions of dollars, and my country also has economic losses of tens of billions of dollars. Facing the archives industry, digital archives have become the main existing form of archives. A large number of digital copies of archives, electronic files, audio and video files constitute a huge amount of digital archives information resources.
目前，数字档案备份主要包括离线备份和在线备份两种方法。离线备份一般采用数据快照技术，将电子档案和数据备份于可脱离计算机、存储系统长久保存的存储介质上，例如硬盘、光盘、磁带等。离线备份一般速度较慢，数据恢复时会比较麻烦，并且只能提供到“某一时间点上”的恢复。在线备份则采用数据复制技术，将异地存储设备与计算机连接，通过复制软件实时地将数据从一个主机(或磁盘)复制到另一个主机(磁盘)，生成一个数据副本。在线备份保证备份中心的数据实时与主节点保持同步，备份和恢复时间短，但同时对硬件设备的数量和质量要求也相应提升，提高了成本。另外，以上两种备份方法都无法保障档案数据在备份过程中的安全性。对于离线备份，无法保障数据在备份过程中是否存在数据丢失或被人为篡改的情况；对于在线备份，无法保障数据在传输过程中是否被拦截、篡改，异地备份中心是否存在被人为误删、篡改或黑客攻击的情况。由于这些信息往往具有不稳定性、易修改性和对设备的依赖性等特点,其安全保管受到了质疑。而基于传统的信息安全技术在安全保障的时间上又具有一定滞后性，往往在检测到安全事件后，档案信息已经产生了损失，因此，安全、可靠的数据备份与容灾技术在当前的数字档案馆建设中变得尤为重要。At present, digital archive backup mainly includes two methods: offline backup and online backup. Offline backup generally uses data snapshot technology to back up electronic files and data on storage media that can be separated from the computer and stored in the storage system for a long time, such as hard disks, optical discs, and tapes. Offline backups are generally slower, more troublesome to restore data, and can only provide recovery up to a "point in time". Online backup uses data replication technology to connect remote storage devices to computers, and replicate data from one host (or disk) to another host (disk) in real time through replication software to generate a data copy. Online backup ensures that the data in the backup center is synchronized with the master node in real time, and the backup and recovery time is short, but at the same time, the quantity and quality requirements of hardware devices are also increased accordingly, which increases the cost. In addition, neither of the above two backup methods can guarantee the security of archive data during the backup process. For offline backup, it cannot guarantee whether the data is lost or tampered with during the backup process; for online backup, it cannot guarantee whether the data is intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process, and whether the remote backup center has been deleted or tampered by human error. or hacking. Because these information are often unstable, easily modifiable and depend on equipment, their safe storage has been questioned. However, the traditional information security technology has a certain lag in the time of security protection. After the detection of security incidents, archive information has been lost. Therefore, safe and reliable data backup and disaster recovery technology is in the current digital Especially important in the construction of archives.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
现有技术难以满足人们的需要，为了解决上述存在的问题，本发明提出了一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备系统，实现有效的数字档案电子文件灾备的同时，保障电子档案的完整性和不可篡改。The existing technology is difficult to meet people's needs. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a cloud disaster recovery system for digital archives heterogeneous electronic files based on blockchain. Ensure the integrity and immutability of electronic files.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备系统，包括数字档案管理系统、云备份系统和区块链网络系统，所述数字档案管理系统包括存储器、本地数据处理适配器和档案数据库，所述存储器存储本地的档案电子文件，所述档案数据库管理本地的档案电子文件的类型和存储路径；A blockchain-based digital archives heterogeneous electronic file cloud disaster recovery system, including a digital archives management system, a cloud backup system and a blockchain network system, the digital archives management system includes a memory, a local data processing adapter and an archive database , the memory stores local archival electronic files, and the archival database manages the types and storage paths of the local archival electronic files;
所述云备份系统包括云备份节点和云端数据处理适配器，所述云备份节点部署在云端数据处理适配器上；The cloud backup system includes a cloud backup node and a cloud data processing adapter, and the cloud backup node is deployed on the cloud data processing adapter;
所述区块链网络系统包括区块链节点，所述区块链节点接收由数据处理适配器发送过来的交易数据，结合高效的共识算法，达成区块链网络数据共识并存储在区块链中。The blockchain network system includes a blockchain node, which receives transaction data sent by a data processing adapter, and in combination with an efficient consensus algorithm, achieves a blockchain network data consensus and stores it in the blockchain .
一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for cloud disaster recovery of heterogeneous electronic files of digital archives based on blockchain, comprising the following steps:
(1)在本地建立数字档案管理系统，包括存储器和档案数据库；存储器用来存储本地的档案电子文件，档案数据库则用来管理本地的档案电子文件的类型和存储路径等相关信息，数据库对外提供一个访问档案电子文件相关信息的接口。(1) Establish a digital archives management system locally, including memory and archive database; the memory is used to store local archived electronic files, and the archives database is used to manage the types and storage paths of local archived electronic files and other related information, and the database provides external An interface for accessing information related to archival electronic files.
(2)在本地建立一个数据处理适配器，针对本地数据库类型适配相应的交互模式。通过本地数据库提供的访问接口，获取数字档案电子文件的类型和访问路径。针对本地数字档案电子文件的类型，智能的设置相应的文件接收模式；(2) Establish a data processing adapter locally, and adapt the corresponding interactive mode to the local database type. Through the access interface provided by the local database, the type and access path of electronic files of digital archives can be obtained. According to the type of local digital archives electronic file, intelligently set the corresponding file receiving mode;
(3)各本地节点部署一个区块链节点，形成区块链网络。区块链网络负责接收由数据处理适配器发送过来的交易数据，结合高效的共识算法，达成区块链网络数据共识并存储在区块链中。(3) Each local node deploys a blockchain node to form a blockchain network. The blockchain network is responsible for receiving the transaction data sent by the data processing adapter, and combining with an efficient consensus algorithm, the blockchain network data consensus is reached and stored in the blockchain.
(4)本地数据处理适配器对接收的文件进行SHA256哈希计算，生成文件唯一的哈希值，将文件哈希值、文件名、文件类型和访问路径打包成交易的格式发布至区块链网络；交易成功后，区块链返回这笔交易的地址；将交易地址和本地数字档案电子文件上传至云备份平台。(4) The local data processing adapter performs SHA256 hash calculation on the received file, generates a unique hash value of the file, and packages the file hash value, file name, file type and access path into a transaction format and publishes it to the blockchain network ; After the transaction is successful, the blockchain returns the address of the transaction; uploads the transaction address and local digital file electronic files to the cloud backup platform.
(5)云备份平台设有多个云备份节点，各节点部署云端数据处理适配器。适配器负责验证本地节点上传的档案电子文件的正确性，并将文件存储在各云备份节点。(5) The cloud backup platform has multiple cloud backup nodes, and each node deploys a cloud data processing adapter. The adapter is responsible for verifying the correctness of the archived electronic files uploaded by the local node, and storing the files in each cloud backup node.
(6)数据在区块链达成共识并同步后，支持从不同的全节点读取交易数据。通过验证交易数据中的文件哈希值，增强对验证电子档案完整性和唯一性的支撑能力。(6) After the data reaches a consensus and is synchronized in the blockchain, it supports reading transaction data from different full nodes. By verifying the hash value of the file in the transaction data, the support ability for verifying the integrity and uniqueness of the electronic file is enhanced.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
改进现有中心化的备份管理方式无法保障电子档案遇到黑客攻击、人为误删或系统故障时进行文件验证和文件恢复的问题。通过引入区块链技术，将档案电子文件相关信息存入区块链中达成高效的数据共识，保障档案电子文件的不可篡改和完整性，增强对文件验证和文件恢复的支撑能力。Improving the existing centralized backup management method cannot guarantee the problem of file verification and file recovery when electronic files encounter hacker attacks, human deletions or system failures. Through the introduction of blockchain technology, the relevant information of archived electronic files is stored in the blockchain to achieve an efficient data consensus, to ensure the non-tampering and integrity of archived electronic files, and to enhance the support capability for file verification and file recovery.
改进目前数字档案电子文件共享带来的管理困难，通过在区块链上部署智能合约并引入权限控制机制，智能合约中内置一份各节点的授权密钥表单。每个本地节点配有一对公私密钥，通过私钥可以发布交易和访问区块链中属于自己的档案数据。得到其他节点访问授权的节点，能够通过私钥访问和同步其他节点的档案数据。达到自动化的数据共享和管理，保障各节点的利益及数据信息的安全。To improve the management difficulties caused by the electronic file sharing of digital files, by deploying smart contracts on the blockchain and introducing an authority control mechanism, an authorization key form for each node is built into the smart contract. Each local node is equipped with a pair of public and private keys, through which it can publish transactions and access its own archive data in the blockchain. A node that is authorized to access other nodes can access and synchronize the archive data of other nodes through the private key. To achieve automatic data sharing and management, to ensure the interests of each node and the security of data information.
改进目前数字档案电子文件灾备系统带来的成本高昂的问题。通过将各单位引入区块链网络，各节点充当一个数据备份点，形成天然的异地备份优势；同时，各方共同建设云备份平台，以存储各节点的大型电子档案，两者都节省了大量硬件设备的开销。To improve the high cost of the current digital archives electronic file disaster recovery system. By introducing each unit into the blockchain network, each node acts as a data backup point, forming a natural off-site backup advantage; at the same time, all parties jointly build a cloud backup platform to store large electronic files of each node, both of which save a lot of money Overhead of hardware devices.
区块链是一种由多方共同维护，以块链结构存储数据，使用密码学保证传输和访问安全，能够实现数据一致性存储、反篡改、防抵赖的技术体系。通俗的说区块链可以理解为一种全民参与记账的技术，它记录并存储网络中发生的每一笔交易，创建一个不可撤销且可审计的交易历史记录。区块链技术具有去中心化、集体维护、不可篡改等特点使其在数字档案存储记录领域具有极大的使用价值，基于区块链技术实现数字档案异构电子文件的安全灾备成为一个亟待研究的技术问题。Blockchain is a technical system that is jointly maintained by multiple parties, stores data in a blockchain structure, uses cryptography to ensure transmission and access security, and can achieve consistent data storage, anti-tampering, and anti-repudiation. In layman's terms, blockchain can be understood as a technology in which all people participate in bookkeeping. It records and stores every transaction that occurs in the network, creating an irrevocable and auditable transaction history. Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, collective maintenance, and non-tampering, which makes it of great use value in the field of digital archives storage and records. Based on blockchain technology, it has become an urgent need to realize the safety and disaster recovery of heterogeneous electronic files of digital archives. Research technical issues.
本方法结合数据处理适配器、区块链技术、智能合约技术和云备份技术，首先数据处理适配器负责本地数字档案管理系统、区块链网络和云备份平台的交互，包括对本地电子档案进行相应的分类和哈希计算、档案电子文件的上传下载、区块链交易的发布和读取等；其次利用区块链技术，保证存储在区块链中相关的档案信息不可篡改且完整。再次，通过在区块链上部署智能合约，实现自动化的数据共享和管理，保障各节点的利益及数据信息的安全。最后结合云备份技术，将本地大型电子档案存储至云平台中，实现大型电子档案的数据备份。This method combines data processing adapters, blockchain technology, smart contract technology and cloud backup technology. First, the data processing adapter is responsible for the interaction between the local digital file management system, the blockchain network and the cloud backup platform, including corresponding local electronic files. Classification and hash calculation, uploading and downloading of archived electronic files, publishing and reading of blockchain transactions, etc. Second, using blockchain technology to ensure that the relevant archive information stored in the blockchain cannot be tampered with and is complete. Thirdly, by deploying smart contracts on the blockchain, automated data sharing and management can be realized to ensure the interests of each node and the security of data and information. Finally, combined with cloud backup technology, the local large-scale electronic files are stored in the cloud platform to realize the data backup of large-scale electronic files.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的系统网络结构图；Fig. 1 is a system network structure diagram provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的文件备份步骤图；Fig. 2 is the file backup step diagram provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的文件验证步骤图；Fig. 3 is the document verification step diagram provided by the present invention;
图4为本发明提供的文件还原步骤图；Fig. 4 is a file restoration step diagram provided by the present invention;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make it easy to understand the technical means, creation features, achieved goals and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific figures.
需要说明的是，在本发明中，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文中所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。It should be noted that, in the present invention, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or an intervening element may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms used herein in the description of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
实施例1Example 1
请参阅图1-4，一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备系统，包括数字档案管理系统、云备份系统和区块链网络系统，所述数字档案管理系统包括存储器、本地数据处理适配器和档案数据库，所述存储器存储本地的档案电子文件，所述档案数据库管理本地的档案电子文件的类型和存储路径；Please refer to Figure 1-4, a blockchain-based digital archives heterogeneous electronic file cloud disaster recovery system, including digital archives management system, cloud backup system and blockchain network system, the digital archives management system includes storage, a local data processing adapter and an archival database, the memory stores local archival electronic files, and the archival database manages types and storage paths of the local archival electronic files;
所述云备份系统包括云备份节点和云端数据处理适配器，所述云备份节点部署在云端数据处理适配器上；The cloud backup system includes a cloud backup node and a cloud data processing adapter, and the cloud backup node is deployed on the cloud data processing adapter;
所述区块链网络系统包括区块链节点，所述区块链节点接收由数据处理适配器发送过来的交易数据，结合高效的共识算法，达成区块链网络数据共识并存储在区块链中。The blockchain network system includes a blockchain node, which receives transaction data sent by a data processing adapter, and in combination with an efficient consensus algorithm, achieves a blockchain network data consensus and stores it in the blockchain .
一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for cloud disaster recovery of heterogeneous electronic files of digital archives based on blockchain, comprising the following steps:
(1)在本地建立数字档案管理系统，包括存储器和档案数据库；存储器用来存储本地的档案电子文件，档案数据库则用来管理本地的档案电子文件的类型和存储路径等相关信息，数据库对外提供一个访问档案电子文件相关信息的接口；(1) Establish a digital archives management system locally, including memory and archive database; the memory is used to store local archived electronic files, and the archives database is used to manage the types and storage paths of local archived electronic files and other related information, and the database provides external An interface for accessing information related to archival electronic files;
(2)在本地建立一个数据处理适配器，针对本地数据库类型适配相应的交互模式。通过本地数据库提供的访问接口，获取数字档案电子文件的类型和访问路径。针对本地数字档案电子文件的类型，智能的设置相应的文件接收模式；(2) Establish a data processing adapter locally, and adapt the corresponding interactive mode to the local database type. Through the access interface provided by the local database, the type and access path of electronic files of digital archives can be obtained. According to the type of local digital archives electronic file, intelligently set the corresponding file receiving mode;
(3)各本地节点部署一个区块链节点，形成区块链网络。区块链网络负责接收由数据处理适配器发送过来的交易数据，结合高效的共识算法，达成区块链网络数据共识并存储在区块链中；(3) Each local node deploys a blockchain node to form a blockchain network. The blockchain network is responsible for receiving the transaction data sent by the data processing adapter, and combining with an efficient consensus algorithm, the blockchain network data consensus is reached and stored in the blockchain;
(4)本地数据处理适配器对接收的文件进行SHA256哈希计算，生成文件唯一的哈希值，将文件哈希值、文件名、文件类型和访问路径打包成交易的格式发布至区块链网络；交易成功后，区块链返回这笔交易的地址；将交易地址和本地数字档案电子文件上传至云备份平台；(4) The local data processing adapter performs SHA256 hash calculation on the received file, generates a unique hash value of the file, and packages the file hash value, file name, file type and access path into a transaction format and publishes it to the blockchain network ; After the transaction is successful, the blockchain will return the address of the transaction; upload the transaction address and local digital file electronic files to the cloud backup platform;
(5)云备份平台设有多个云备份节点，各节点部署云端数据处理适配器。适配器负责验证本地节点上传的档案电子文件的正确性，并将文件存储在各云备份节点；(5) The cloud backup platform has multiple cloud backup nodes, and each node deploys a cloud data processing adapter. The adapter is responsible for verifying the correctness of the archived electronic files uploaded by the local node, and storing the files in each cloud backup node;
(6)数据在区块链达成共识并同步后，支持从不同的全节点读取交易数据。通过验证交易数据中的文件哈希值，增强对验证电子档案完整性和唯一性的支撑能力。(6) After the data reaches a consensus and is synchronized in the blockchain, it supports reading transaction data from different full nodes. By verifying the hash value of the file in the transaction data, the support ability for verifying the integrity and uniqueness of the electronic file is enhanced.
进一步，所述存储器用来存储本地的数字档案电子文件，档案数据库用来管理本地的档案电子文件的信息；档案数据库中存有档案电子文件的类型，包括会计档案、影像档案、专利档案、论文档案；档案数据库中还存有这些电子档案的访问路径，用来找到电子档案在本地计算机上存储的位置。数据库对外开放访问档案电子文件相关信息的接口。Further, the memory is used to store the local digital archive electronic files, and the archive database is used to manage the information of the local archive electronic files; the archive database stores the types of the archive electronic files, including accounting files, image files, patent files, papers Archives; the archive database also stores the access paths of these electronic archives, which are used to find the location where the electronic archives are stored on the local computer. The database provides an interface for external access to information related to archived electronic files.
进一步，所述数据处理适配器架设在区块链网络和数字档案管理系统之间，针对数据库系统的类型，适配器进行相应的适配选择，支持适配Oracle和MySQL数据库等多种类型数据库。适配完成后，通过使用Java原生的数据库访问技术，JDBC(Java DataBaseConnectivity)，配置相应的数据库管理员的账号密码，访问本地数据库保存的电子档案数据。同时，针对不同的数据库账号配置相应的公私密钥对，私钥是与区块链网络进行交互的凭证。该适配器作为后台服务部署在本地计算机和云端服务器上，分成以下两种类型：本地数据处理适配器和云端数据处理适配器。Further, the data processing adapter is set up between the blockchain network and the digital file management system. According to the type of the database system, the adapter performs corresponding adaptation selection, and supports adaptation to various types of databases such as Oracle and MySQL databases. After the adaptation is completed, by using Java's native database access technology, JDBC (Java DataBaseConnectivity), configure the account password of the corresponding database administrator to access the electronic archive data saved in the local database. At the same time, corresponding public and private key pairs are configured for different database accounts, and the private key is the credential for interacting with the blockchain network. The adapter is deployed on the local computer and cloud server as a background service, and is divided into the following two types: local data processing adapter and cloud data processing adapter.
进一步，所述本地数据处理适配器可调用本地数据库提供的电子档案数据访问的接口，获取档案电子文件类型、文件名和访问路径等相关的信息。适配器通过获取的电子档案的访问路径，读取电子档案的文件，并对文件进行SHA256哈希计算，生成唯一哈希值，保障档案电子文件的完整性和唯一性。本地数据处理适配器将档案电子文件类型、文件名、哈希值和访问路径信息打包成区块链交易的形式并进行私钥签名后发布至区块链网络，等待网络共识的反馈。当交易成功，收到交易地址后，本地数据处理适配器负责将本地的档案电子文件、文件的类型和区块链的交易地址信息上传至云备份平台。Further, the local data processing adapter can call the interface for accessing the electronic archive data provided by the local database, and obtain related information such as the type, file name and access path of the archive electronic file. The adapter reads the file of the electronic file through the obtained access path of the electronic file, and performs SHA256 hash calculation on the file to generate a unique hash value to ensure the integrity and uniqueness of the electronic file of the file. The local data processing adapter packages the file electronic file type, file name, hash value and access path information into the form of a blockchain transaction, signs it with a private key, and publishes it to the blockchain network, waiting for the feedback of the network consensus. When the transaction is successful and the transaction address is received, the local data processing adapter is responsible for uploading the local file electronic file, file type and blockchain transaction address information to the cloud backup platform.
进一步，所述云端数据处理适配器部署在多个远程存储服务器上，数据处理适配器首先负责接收本地数据处理适配器发送过来的信息，包括档案电子文件、文件的类型及交易的地址；云端数据处理适配器对接收的档案电子文件进行SHA256哈希计算得出哈希值；同时，云端数据处理适配器使用已授权的私钥访问区块链，通过上传的交易地址，获取交易中包含的档案电子文件的哈希值，将之前计算出的哈希值与存在区块链中的哈希值比对。若哈希值相同，则反馈验证成功信息给本地数据处理适配器，并将文件存储至云端存储器同时更新云端数据库信息；云端数据处理适配器可处理来自各节点发起的档案电子文件还原、下载请求，通过相应的权限控制机制，为有权限的节点提供档案电子文件的下载服务。Further, the cloud data processing adapter is deployed on a plurality of remote storage servers, and the data processing adapter is first responsible for receiving the information sent by the local data processing adapter, including file electronic files, file types and transaction addresses; SHA256 hash calculation is performed on the received archived electronic file to obtain the hash value; at the same time, the cloud data processing adapter uses the authorized private key to access the blockchain, and obtains the hash of the archived electronic file contained in the transaction through the uploaded transaction address value, compare the previously calculated hash value with the hash value stored in the blockchain. If the hash values are the same, the verification success information will be fed back to the local data processing adapter, and the file will be stored in the cloud storage and the cloud database information will be updated at the same time; The corresponding authority control mechanism provides the download service of archive electronic files for the authorized nodes.
两种数据处理适配器同时具有读取区块链中交易数据的功能，通过验证私钥可读取区块链中的交易数据，自动剥离出交易中包含的电子文档的哈希值等信息，增强对验证电子档案完整性和唯一性的支撑能力。The two data processing adapters also have the function of reading transaction data in the blockchain. By verifying the private key, the transaction data in the blockchain can be read, and the information such as the hash value of the electronic document contained in the transaction can be automatically stripped out. Support capability for verifying the integrity and uniqueness of electronic files.
进一步，各个本地部署区块链节点构成区块链网络，区块链网络负责对来自数据处理适配器发布的交易进行签名的验证和数据的共识。若交易成功则将交易数据存储至区块链中并反馈交易成功信息给数据处理适配器；否则反馈交易失败信息，由数据处理适配器进行相应的处理。通过在区块链中部署智能合约，来管理不同节点不同数据库账号访问区块链数据的权限。每个节点创建一个权限控制合约，合约中存有一份具有访问本节点权限的公钥地址列表，每个账户可用配置的密钥访问区块链中自己发布的交易信息，同时可授权其他账户的密钥访问区块链中属于自己的交易信息和本存储节点的档案电子文件。使用智能合约达到自动化的数据共享和管理，保障各节点的利益及数据信息的安全。Further, each locally deployed blockchain node constitutes a blockchain network, and the blockchain network is responsible for signature verification and data consensus on transactions issued from the data processing adapter. If the transaction is successful, the transaction data will be stored in the blockchain and the transaction success information will be fed back to the data processing adapter; otherwise, the transaction failure information will be fed back, and the data processing adapter will perform corresponding processing. By deploying smart contracts in the blockchain, the permissions of different nodes and different database accounts to access blockchain data are managed. Each node creates a permission control contract, and the contract stores a list of public key addresses that have access to the node. Each account can use the configured key to access the transaction information published by itself in the blockchain, and can authorize other accounts The key accesses its own transaction information in the blockchain and the archived electronic files of this storage node. Using smart contracts to achieve automatic data sharing and management, to ensure the interests of each node and the security of data information.
进一步，所述云备份平台由多个远程存储服务器构成，负责接收、存储来自各本地节点的档案电子文件。通过利用网络技术将不同种类的档案电子文件分类后统一存放，这样可以有利于集中统一的管理。将数据统一存放，就是形成了一个大的数据库，大的数据库可以为后续查找工作提供便捷；云备份平台同时为各本地节点提供档案电子文件下载服务，针对发起请求节点的地理位置，从最近的云备份节点下载档案电子文件。Further, the cloud backup platform is composed of multiple remote storage servers, responsible for receiving and storing archived electronic files from each local node. By using network technology to classify different types of archives electronic files and store them in a unified manner, this can facilitate centralized and unified management. The unified storage of data forms a large database, which can provide convenience for subsequent search work; the cloud backup platform also provides file electronic file download services for each local node, according to the geographical location of the requesting node, from the nearest The cloud backup node downloads archived electronic files.
本专利提出一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备方法，通过结合数字档案管理系统、数据处理适配器、区块链技术和云备份技术，将档案电子文件上传至云备份平台，并将档案电子文件哈希值等相关的数据存入区块链中，实现档案电子文件备份的同时保障档案的完整性和不可篡改。该方法实现的档案电子文件的备份包括以下步骤：This patent proposes a cloud disaster recovery method for heterogeneous electronic files of digital archives based on blockchain. By combining digital archives management system, data processing adapter, blockchain technology and cloud backup technology, archived electronic files are uploaded to the cloud backup platform. , and store the related data such as the hash value of the archived electronic file into the blockchain to realize the backup of the archived electronic file while ensuring the integrity and non-tampering of the archive. The backup of archived electronic files realized by the method includes the following steps:
(1)档案管理员操作数字档案管理系统新增或修改数字档案电子文件，对应的本地数据库进行数据状态的更新，例如新增或修改一条档案电子文件的信息，对应的本地存储器新增数字档案电子文件或修改已有数字档案电子文件。(1) The file administrator operates the digital file management system to add or modify digital file electronic files, and the corresponding local database updates the data status, such as adding or modifying the information of a file electronic file, and adding digital files to the corresponding local storage. Electronic documents or modification of existing digital archives electronic documents.
(2)接着本地数据处理适配器实时获取数据库中保存的数字档案信息，包括档案电子文件的类型、文件名和存储路径，通过得到的存储路径，从本地存储器中获取数字档案电子文件。(2) Then the local data processing adapter acquires the digital archive information stored in the database in real time, including the type, file name and storage path of the archive electronic file, and obtains the digital archive electronic file from the local storage through the obtained storage path.
(3)本地数据处理适配器对获取的档案电子文件进行SHA256哈希计算获取文件唯一哈希值，并将得到的哈希值同档案电子文件类型、文件名和存储路径一起打包，通过私钥签名后发布至区块链网络。(3) The local data processing adapter performs SHA256 hash calculation on the obtained archive electronic file to obtain the unique hash value of the file, and packs the obtained hash value together with the archive electronic file type, file name and storage path, and signs it with the private key. Publish to the blockchain network.
(4)若网络共识失败，则反馈失败信息给本地数据处理适配器，适配器针对错误进行相应的修改；若网络共识成功，则交易永久的存入区块链中，同时将本次交易的地址反馈给本地数据处理适配器。(4) If the network consensus fails, the failure information will be fed back to the local data processing adapter, and the adapter will modify the error accordingly; if the network consensus is successful, the transaction will be permanently stored in the blockchain, and the address of this transaction will be fed back. to the local data processing adapter.
(5)本地数据处理适配器得到交易地址后，将档案电子文件、文件类型、交易地址一起上传至云备份平台。(5) After obtaining the transaction address, the local data processing adapter uploads the file electronic file, file type, and transaction address to the cloud backup platform.
(6)多个云备份节点的数据处理适配器收到档案电子文件和相关信息后，首先使用已授权的私钥访问区块链，通过交易地址获取交易信息，得到文件的哈希值。(6) After receiving the archived electronic files and related information, the data processing adapters of multiple cloud backup nodes first use the authorized private key to access the blockchain, obtain transaction information through the transaction address, and obtain the hash value of the file.
(7)若权限不对则获取失败，对接收的档案电子文件进行SHA256哈希计算，然后与区块中保存的哈希值进行对比；若确认哈希值相同，反馈成功信息给本地数据处理适配器，同时将档案电子文件存储至云端存储器，并对云端数据库进行相应数据状态的更新。(7) If the authority is incorrect, the acquisition fails, perform SHA256 hash calculation on the received file electronic file, and then compare it with the hash value saved in the block; if it is confirmed that the hash value is the same, feedback the success information to the local data processing adapter , and at the same time store the file electronic files in the cloud storage, and update the corresponding data status of the cloud database.
(8)相应的，当本地数据处理适配器收到云端数据处理适配器的反馈结果后，若哈希值不同，本地数据处理适配器针对错误原因进行相应的调整并重新上传文件及相关信息。(8) Correspondingly, after the local data processing adapter receives the feedback result from the cloud data processing adapter, if the hash value is different, the local data processing adapter adjusts accordingly for the cause of the error and re-uploads the file and related information.
本专利提出一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备方法，该方法将档案电子文件的唯一哈希值存入区块链中，当本地档案电子文件发生异常或可能被篡改的情况时，可用来验证本地档案电子文件的真伪。该方法实现的文件验证包括以下步骤：This patent proposes a blockchain-based cloud disaster recovery method for digital archives heterogeneous electronic files, which stores the unique hash value of the archived electronic files in the blockchain. When the local archives electronic files are abnormal or may be tampered with It can be used to verify the authenticity of electronic files in local archives. The file verification implemented by this method includes the following steps:
(1)当档案管理员怀疑档案电子文件发生异常或可能被篡改的情况时，可操作数据处理适配器读取存储器中的档案电子文件，使用SHA256算法计算出文件哈希值。(1) When the archivist suspects that the archival electronic file is abnormal or may be tampered with, the operable data processing adapter reads the archival electronic file in the memory, and uses the SHA256 algorithm to calculate the file hash value.
(2)同时，访问节点保存在区块链中的数据，若使用的私钥没有访问权限，则返回请求失败信息给数据适配器；若使用的私钥拥有访问权限，则读取区块链中相应的数据，获取文件哈希值，并与之前计算的文件哈希值进行对比。(2) At the same time, when accessing the data stored in the blockchain by the node, if the private key used does not have access rights, the request failure information will be returned to the data adapter; if the private key used has access rights, the data in the blockchain will be read. Corresponding data, obtain the file hash value, and compare it with the previously calculated file hash value.
(3)若比对结果相同，则验证当前档案电子文件完整且未被篡改，若比对结果不同，则验证当前档案电子文件有丢失数据或已被篡改，此时档案管理员可向云备份发起文档还原的请求；该文件方法也可供其他被授权节点进行区块链中交易数据的访问。(3) If the comparison results are the same, verify that the current file electronic file is complete and has not been tampered with. If the comparison result is different, verify that the current file electronic file has lost data or has been tampered with. At this time, the file administrator can back it up to the cloud. Initiate a request for document restoration; this file method can also be used by other authorized nodes to access transaction data in the blockchain.
本专利提出一种基于区块链的数字档案异构电子文件云灾备方法，该方法设计让各本地节点下载云备份平台的档案电子文件，并进行相应的哈希值验证，实现档案电子文件的还原下载，同时保障了档案的完整性和和不可篡改。该方法实现的文件还原下载包括以下步骤：This patent proposes a cloud disaster recovery method for digital archives heterogeneous electronic files based on blockchain. The method is designed to allow each local node to download the archived electronic files of the cloud backup platform, and perform corresponding hash value verification to realize the archived electronic files. The restore download, while ensuring the integrity of the file and can not be tampered with. The file restoration and downloading implemented by this method includes the following steps:
(1)档案管理员操作本地数据处理适配器向云备份平台发起档案电子文件的下载请求，优先向最近的云备份节点发起请求；(1) The archivist operates the local data processing adapter to initiate the download request of the archive electronic file to the cloud backup platform, and initiates the request to the nearest cloud backup node first;
(2)最近的云备份节点数据处理适配器收到请求后，首先利用智能合约内设置的授权表单，进行相应的权限确认；(2) After the nearest cloud backup node data processing adapter receives the request, it first uses the authorization form set in the smart contract to confirm the corresponding permissions;
(3)若无权限，则反馈失败结果给本地数据处理适配器；若权限正确，则下载档案电子文件到本地节点，本地节点首先访问区块链网络，获取区块链中保存的本档案电子文件的哈希值；(3) If there is no permission, the failure result will be fed back to the local data processing adapter; if the permission is correct, the file electronic file will be downloaded to the local node, and the local node will first access the blockchain network to obtain the file electronic file saved in the blockchain. the hash value of ;
(4)然后，计算从云备份节点下载的档案电子文件的哈希值，通过对比保存在区块链中的哈希值，确认当前档案电子文件是否有效；(4) Then, calculate the hash value of the archived electronic file downloaded from the cloud backup node, and confirm whether the current archived electronic file is valid by comparing the hash value stored in the blockchain;
(5)若哈希值相同，则确认档案电子文件完整且未被篡改，将本电子文件更新到本地存储器中；若哈希值不同，本地数据处理适配器将会备注该云备份节点存在异常，并通知云备份平台的维护者；(5) If the hash values are the same, it is confirmed that the file electronic file is complete and not tampered with, and the electronic file is updated to the local storage; if the hash values are different, the local data processing adapter will note that the cloud backup node is abnormal, and notify the maintainer of the cloud backup platform;
(6)同时，本地数据处理适配器选择从其他最近云备份节点重新发起下载请求；(6) At the same time, the local data processing adapter chooses to re-initiate the download request from other nearest cloud backup nodes;
该文件还原方法，不仅提供各本地节点的档案电子文件的还原，还向其他被授权的节点提供档案电子文件共享下载的服务。The file restoration method not only provides restoration of archived electronic files of each local node, but also provides the service of sharing and downloading archived electronic files to other authorized nodes.
本发明首先，在传统的数字档案管理中，档案管理员或黑客可随意更改或删除档案电子记文件，这给数字档案管理工作带来了很大的安全隐患。本方法通过结合区块链技术，将档案电子文件的相关信息存入区块链中达成高效的数据共识，保障档案电子文件的不可篡改和完整性，增强对文件验证和文件恢复的支撑能力。The present invention First, in the traditional digital file management, the file administrator or hacker can change or delete the file electronic record file at will, which brings a great security risk to the digital file management work. By combining the blockchain technology, the method stores the relevant information of the archived electronic files in the blockchain to achieve an efficient data consensus, guarantees the non-tampering and integrity of the archived electronic files, and enhances the support capability for file verification and file recovery.
其次，针对目前数字档案文件往往需要多方共享带来的管理及安全问题。本方法通过通过在区块链上部署智能合约，引入权限控制机制，为各节点内置一份授权表单，进行访问或下载的权限确认。实现自动化的数据共享和管理，保障各节点的利益及数据信息的安全。Secondly, in view of the management and security problems that the current digital archive files often need to be shared by multiple parties. In this method, a permission control mechanism is introduced by deploying a smart contract on the blockchain, and an authorization form is built into each node to confirm the permission of access or download. Realize automated data sharing and management to ensure the interests of each node and the security of data and information.
最后，传统的数字档案电子文件备份方法通过在多个异地配置存储设备来保存档案电子文件备份，这使得每个数字档案中心都必须在异地备有机房，这往往与现实情况不符合，若单独建设机房，又增加了成本。通过将各单位引入区块链网络，各节点充当一个备份节点，形成天然的异地备份优势；同时，各方共同建设云备份平台，采用云存储技术存储档案电子文件，两者都节省了大量硬件设备的开销。Finally, the traditional digital archives electronic file backup method saves the archives electronic file backup by configuring storage devices in multiple different places, which makes each digital archives center must have a computer room in a different place, which is often inconsistent with the reality. The construction of the machine room also increases the cost. By introducing each unit into the blockchain network, each node acts as a backup node, forming a natural off-site backup advantage; at the same time, all parties jointly build a cloud backup platform and use cloud storage technology to store archived electronic files, both of which save a lot of hardware. equipment cost.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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