Multi-point supported five-cylinder plunger pumpTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plunger pumps, in particular to a multipoint-supported five-cylinder plunger pump.
Background
Along with the further development of unconventional oil gas and shale oil gas, the requirements of fracturing operation on pressure and displacement are continuously improved, the operation pressure is continuously increased along with the increase of the depth of a horizontal well, the displacement required by a single Duan Jing is also higher and higher, the fracturing construction scale is larger and larger, and the severe operation working condition also provides higher requirements on fracturing equipment, particularly on a plunger pump. At present, in the shale oil gas development process, the operation pressure is generally 80-90MPa or even higher, the single-stage operation displacement is also generally 1800m3-2000m3 or even higher, the plunger pump not only can meet the continuous operation of high pressure and large displacement, but also can ensure the quality stability under continuous high-load operation, and the pump stopping time and the maintenance time are reduced. The most widely used fracturing trucks in the market at present are 2500 type fracturing trucks, 2800hp plunger pumps are arranged, other commonly used fracturing pump types comprise 2500hp pumps, 3300hp pumps, 4000hp pumps and the like, and 2800hp pumps are taken as an example, because of power limitation, single pump displacement is lower in high-pressure operation, and a single-section displacement requirement is 14-16m3/min of shale gas well sites, and the total displacement requirement of fracturing operation can be met only by simultaneously operating the fracturing trucks which are close to 20, so that a large well site area is occupied, the difficulty of arranging small oil-gas field well site equipment is increased, in addition, the conventional plunger pumps are in increasingly severe operation working conditions in long-time high-load operation, the frequency of problems is continuously increased, and the maintenance and overhaul cost is increased. In recent years, the electric drive fracturing operation is in progress, and the problem of power limitation of a diesel engine is solved by adopting motor drive, so that the electric drive fracturing operation is more suitable for driving a high-power plunger pump.
With the increase of the power of the plunger pump, higher requirements are also put on the running stability and the supporting strength of the plunger pump.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-point supported five-cylinder plunger pump, which can improve the supporting strength of the plunger pump, reduce vibration, better ensure high-load operation and ensure stable operation through the multi-point support design of a crank case body, a cross head case body and a hydraulic end assembly. The crankcase body and the cross head box body in the five-cylinder plunger pump power end assembly are integrally welded, so that the structural strength of the power end assembly is higher, the supporting stability is better, and the vibration of the whole pump can be reduced. The cylinder spacing of the five-cylinder plunger pump is designed to be 13-14 inches, so that the bearing areas of the connecting rod, the cross head and the bearing bush are increased, the high-power output of the five-cylinder plunger pump is ensured, the specific power of the five-cylinder plunger pump can reach 7000hp, the problems of narrow area of a shale gas fracturing well site and more needed fracturing equipment can be effectively solved by the high-power five-cylinder plunger pump, the use of equipment can be reduced, and the well site arrangement is facilitated.
The invention aims at achieving the technical measures that the five-cylinder plunger pump with the multipoint support comprises a power end assembly, a hydraulic end assembly and a reduction box assembly, wherein the power end assembly comprises a crank case body, a cross head box body and a spacing frame, the crank case body, the cross head box body and the spacing frame are sequentially connected, the hydraulic end assembly is fixed on the spacing frame, the reduction box assembly is fixed on the crank case body, a crankshaft support body is arranged at the bottom of the crank case body and is used for supporting the crank case body, a cross head support body is arranged at the bottom of the cross head box body and is used for supporting the cross head box body, and a hydraulic support body is arranged at the bottom of the spacing frame and is used for supporting the hydraulic end assembly.
Further, the crankcase body and the cross head box body are integrally welded to form a power end shell, the power end shell is connected with the spacing frame, the power end shell comprises vertical plates, bearing seats, front end plates, rear cover plates, bottom plates, support plates and upper cover plates, the number of the vertical plates is 6, the number of the bearing seats is 6, one vertical plate is correspondingly connected with one bearing seat, the 6 vertical plates are arranged in parallel to form a power end cavity, the bottom of the power end cavity is provided with the bottom plate, the top of the power end cavity is provided with the upper cover plate, the front end of the power end cavity is provided with the front end plate, the rear end of the power end cavity is provided with the rear cover plates, and the support plates are arranged between the vertical plates which are arranged in parallel.
Further, a cross head assembly is arranged in the cross head box body, a connecting rod assembly is arranged between the crankcase body and the cross head box body, a crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase body, one end of the connecting rod assembly is connected with the crankshaft through a connecting rod bearing bush, the other end of the connecting rod assembly is connected with the cross head assembly through the cross head bearing bush, and the connecting rod bearing bush and the cross head bearing bush are steel back bearing bushes with alloy plating layers.
Further, the five-cylinder plunger pump has a cylinder spacing of 13-14 inches.
Compared with the prior art, the five-cylinder plunger pump has the beneficial effects that through the multi-point support design of the crank case body, the cross head box body and the hydraulic end assembly, the support strength of the five-cylinder plunger pump can be improved, the vibration is reduced, the high-load operation is better ensured, and the operation is more stable. The crankcase body and the cross head box body in the five-cylinder plunger pump power end assembly are integrally welded, so that the structural strength of the power end assembly is higher, the supporting stability is better, and the vibration of the whole pump can be reduced. The cylinder spacing of the five-cylinder plunger pump is designed to be 13-14 inches, so that the bearing areas of the connecting rod, the cross head and the bearing bush are increased, the high-power output of the five-cylinder plunger pump is ensured, the specific power of the five-cylinder plunger pump can reach 7000hp, the problems of narrow area of a shale gas fracturing well site and more needed fracturing equipment can be effectively solved by the high-power five-cylinder plunger pump, the use of equipment can be reduced, and the well site arrangement is facilitated.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the five-cylinder plunger pump.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the power end assembly.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the power end housing.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the reduction gearbox assembly.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the planetary stage reduction gearbox.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a parallel stage reduction gearbox.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the connecting rod assembly to the crosshead assembly.
The hydraulic transmission comprises a power end assembly 1, a reduction box assembly 2, a hydraulic end assembly 4, a driving flange 5, a power end shell 6, a crankshaft 7, a bearing 8, a connecting rod bearing bush 9, a connecting rod body 10, a sliding rail 11, a cross head 12, a cross head bearing bush 13, a pull rod 14, a spacing frame 15, a long screw rod 16, a nut 17, a clamping hoop 18, a plunger 19, a valve box 20, a crankshaft support 21, a cross head support 22, a hydraulic support 23, a rear cover plate 24, a vertical plate 25, a bearing seat 26, a bottom plate 27, a supporting plate 28, a front end plate 29, an upper cover plate 30, a parallel reduction box 31, a planetary reduction box 32, a ring gear 33, a planet gear 34, a sun gear 35, a planet carrier 36, a large gear 37, a small gear 38, a spline 39, a connecting rod cover 40, a connecting rod bolt 41, a cross head gland 42 and a guide plate 43.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is shown in fig. 1 to 8, a five-cylinder plunger pump with an integral power end structure comprises a power end assembly 1, a hydraulic end assembly 3 and a reduction gearbox assembly 2, one end of the power end assembly 1 is connected with the hydraulic end assembly 3, the other end of the power end assembly 1 is connected with the reduction gearbox assembly 2, the power end assembly 1 comprises a crankcase body, a cross head box body and a spacing frame 14, the crankcase body and the cross head box body are integrally welded to form a power end shell 5, the power end shell 5 is connected with the spacing frame 14, the power end shell 5 comprises vertical plates 24, bearing blocks 25, front end plates 28, rear end plates 23, bottom plates 26, supporting plates 27 and upper cover plates 29, the number of the vertical plates 24 is 6, one vertical plate 24 is correspondingly connected with one bearing block 25,6, the vertical plates 24 are arranged in parallel to form a power end cavity, a bottom mounting bottom plate 26 of the power end cavity, a top mounting plate 29 of the power end cavity is arranged on the top of the power end cavity, a front end mounting end plate 28 of the power end cavity is arranged at the front end of the power end cavity, and the front end plate 28 is arranged between the two adjacent vertical plates 23 and is arranged between the two rear end plates 24. The crankcase body and the cross head box body in the power end assembly 1 of the five-cylinder plunger pump adopt an integral welding structure, so that the structural strength of the power end assembly 1 is higher, the supporting stability is better, the bearing deformation of the power end shell 5 can be effectively reduced, the vibration of the whole pump can be reduced, and the running stability of the five-cylinder plunger pump is improved.
The bottom of the crankcase body is provided with a crankshaft support body 20, and the crankshaft support body 20 is used for supporting the crankcase body. The bottom of the cross head box body is provided with a cross head supporting body 21, and the cross head supporting body 21 is used for supporting the cross head box body. A hydraulic support 22 is arranged at the bottom of the spacer 14, and the hydraulic support 22 is used for supporting the hydraulic end assembly 3. The five-cylinder plunger pump adopts a multi-point support design, so that the support strength of the five-cylinder plunger pump can be improved, vibration is reduced, high-load operation is better ensured, and the operation is more stable.
The crank shaft 6 and the bearing 7 are arranged in the crank shaft box body, the crank shaft 6 is formed by integrally forging alloy steel, the crank shaft 6 comprises six shaft necks and five crank throws, one crank throw is arranged between every two adjacent shaft necks, and the cylinder spacing of the five-cylinder plunger pump is 13-14 inches. The design of increasing the cylinder spacing is beneficial to increasing the contact area between the crankshaft 6 and the connecting rod bearing bush 8 and the contact area between the cross head 11 and the sliding rail 10, and improving the supporting strength. The high-power five-cylinder plunger pump can effectively solve the problems of small area of shale gas fracturing well sites and more needed fracturing equipment, can reduce the use of the equipment and is convenient for well site arrangement. The number of the bearings 7 is 6, 6 bearings 7 are installed on six journals, and meanwhile, the outer rings of the bearings 7 are assembled on 6 bearing seats 25 of the power end shell 5, so that the rotary motion can be realized in the bearing seats 25.
The crankshaft 6 is internally provided with a spline 38, the reduction gearbox assembly 2 is connected with the power end shell 5 through a bolt, the reduction gearbox assembly 2 is provided with an external spline, the external spline is connected with the spline 38 and used for power output, and the installation angle of the reduction gearbox assembly 2 can be adjusted according to input requirements. The driving flange 4 is arranged outside the reduction gearbox assembly 2, and a power source is externally connected through the driving flange 4, so that power input is realized.
The cross head assembly is arranged in the cross head box body, the connecting rod assembly is arranged between the crank case body and the cross head box body, the crank shaft 6 is arranged in the crank case body, one end of the connecting rod assembly is connected with the crank shaft 6 through the connecting rod bearing bush 8, the other end of the connecting rod assembly is connected with the cross head assembly through the cross head bearing bush 12, reciprocating swing can be achieved, and the other end of the cross head assembly is connected with the pull rod 13. The pull rod 13 is of a hollow structure. The connecting rod bearing bush 8 and the cross head bearing bush 12 are steel back bearing bushes with alloy plating layers. The width-to-diameter ratio is large and the supporting strength is high.
The sliding rails 10 are fixed on the supporting plate 27 in the power end shell 5, 2 sliding rails 10 are arranged, 2 sliding rails 10 form a semicircular space, and the cross head 11 is arranged in the semicircular space and can realize reciprocating linear motion.
The cross head assembly is of a split type structural design and comprises a cross head gland 41 and a cross head 11, wherein the cross head gland 41 is connected with the cross head 11, so that the assembly and the disassembly of the cross head assembly are convenient.
The connecting rod assembly comprises a connecting rod cover 39 and a connecting rod body 9, wherein the connecting rod cover 39 and the connecting rod body 9 are formed by cutting after integral forging, the strength is high, the connecting rod cover 39 and the connecting rod body 9 are connected through bolts, specifically, one end of the connecting rod body 9 is connected with a crank through the connecting rod cover 39, a connecting rod bolt 40 and a connecting rod bearing bush 8, and the other end of the connecting rod body 9 is connected with a cross head 11 through a cross head gland 41 and a cross head bearing bush 12. Guide plates 42 are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the cross head 11 through screws 43, and the guide plates 42 are made of copper alloy material and are in direct contact with the slide rail 10 to perform relative movement.
The crankshaft 6, the connecting rod body 9 and the cross head 11 are respectively provided with a lubricating oil way for realizing lubrication of the bearing 7, the connecting rod bearing bush 8 and the cross head bearing bush 12.
The hydraulic end assembly 3 comprises a valve box 19, a plunger 18, a clamp 17 and the like, the hydraulic end assembly 3 connects the plunger 18 and the pull rod 13 together through the clamp 17 and is fixed on the spacer 14 through a long screw rod 15 and a nut 16, and the long screw rod 15 is connected on the power end shell 5 through threads.
The stroke of the five cylinder plunger pump of the integral power end construction is 11 inches. The long-stroke design is very suitable for the current shale gas fracturing zipper type operation requirement, reduces the number of well site equipment, and improves the operation efficiency and the economy.
The reduction gearbox assembly 2 comprises a planetary reduction gearbox 31 and a parallel reduction gearbox 30, one end of the planetary reduction gearbox 31 is connected with the power end assembly 1, the other end of the planetary reduction gearbox 31 is connected with the parallel reduction gearbox 30, and the two-stage reduction of the reduction gearbox assembly 2 is realized through the planetary reduction gearbox 31 and the parallel reduction gearbox 30, wherein the reduction ratio is 8:1-15:1. The parallel stage reduction gearbox 30 comprises a large gear 36 and a small gear 37 for carrying out primary reduction, and the planetary stage reduction gearbox 31 comprises a planetary gear mechanism consisting of an annular gear 32, four planetary gears 33, a sun gear 34 and a planetary carrier 35 for carrying out secondary reduction. The sun gear 34 is located at the center of the planetary gear mechanism, meshes with the planetary gears 33, and is coaxial with the large gear 36 of the parallel stage reduction gearbox 30. During operation, the driving flange 4 is externally connected with a power source to drive the input shaft to rotate, the input shaft is transmitted to the large gear 36 through the small gear 37 to realize primary speed reduction, the input shaft is transmitted to the sun gear 34 through the large gear 36, the sun gear 34 drives the planet carrier 35 through the planet gear 33 to realize secondary speed reduction, and finally, the power is transmitted to the crankshaft 6 through the spline 38. The large transmission ratio can be obtained through two-stage speed change, so that the input torque is effectively reduced, and the stroke frequency of the pump is reduced.
The working principle is that external power or rotating speed drives the reduction gearbox assembly 2 to rotate through the driving flange 4, power and torque are transmitted to the crankshaft 6 through the spline 38 through two-stage speed change, the crankshaft 6 and the bearing 7 rotate in the power end shell 5 to drive the connecting rod body 9, the cross head 11 and the pull rod 13 to move, the rotating motion of the crankshaft 6 is converted into reciprocating linear motion of the pull rod 13, and the pull rod 13 drives the plunger 18 to reciprocate in the valve box 19 through the clamp 17, so that the suction of low-pressure liquid and the discharge of high-pressure liquid are realized, and the pumping of liquid is realized.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.