技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种介入治疗器械，特别是涉及一种血管植入支架。The invention relates to an interventional treatment device, in particular to a blood vessel implanted stent.
背景技术Background technique
血管植入支架是指在管腔球囊扩张成形的基础上，在病变段置入支架以达到支撑狭窄闭塞段血管，减少血管弹性回缩及再塑形，保持管腔血流通畅的目的。自1987年，美国的Sigwart 等将自扩张金属裸支架植入病人体内，成功实施了第一例冠脉支架手术以来，微创腔内治疗技术取得了巨大的进步，血管植入支架目前已经广泛应用于全身血管疾病治疗之中。Vascular implantation of stents refers to the placement of stents in the diseased segment on the basis of lumen balloon expansion to support the stenotic and occluded segment of the vessel, reduce elastic recoil and reshaping of the vessel, and maintain smooth blood flow in the lumen. Since 1987, Sigwart et al. in the United States implanted self-expandable bare metal stents into patients and successfully implemented the first coronary stent operation, minimally invasive endovascular treatment technology has made great progress, and vascular implantation stents have been widely used. Used in the treatment of systemic vascular diseases.
不同部位的病变血管都有其特有的病理结构特点，但是当前支架的设计大都是沿用动脉支架的设计，应用起来有一定的局限性。例如，尽管目前支架植入术广泛应用于症状性静脉回流障碍的治疗，但所用的支架多为大口径的动脉支架。静脉病变与动脉病变存在病理学上的差异，动脉支架的设计并不能满足静脉病变血管的需求，因而支架移位、断裂、支架内继发血栓等不良事件时有发生。设计与病变血管病理结构特点相适应的支架非常必要。Diseased blood vessels in different parts have their own unique pathological structural characteristics, but the current design of stents mostly follows the design of arterial stents, which has certain limitations in application. For example, although stent implantation is currently widely used in the treatment of symptomatic venous reflux disorders, most of the stents used are large-diameter arterial stents. There are pathological differences between venous lesions and arterial lesions, and the design of arterial stents cannot meet the needs of venous lesions, so adverse events such as stent displacement, rupture, and secondary thrombosis in stents occur from time to time. It is very necessary to design a stent that is compatible with the pathological structure of diseased vessels.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种血管植入支架，用于解决现有技术中现有血管植入支架难以适用至静脉病变的介入的问题。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a vascular implant stent for solving the problem in the prior art that the existing vascular implant stent is difficult to apply to the intervention of venous lesions.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种血管植入支架，所述血管植入支架由丝材编织形成，沿所述血管植入支架的轴向，所述血管植入支架被编织成径向支撑力不同的区段，且血管植入支架的端部为连续状。In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a stent for implanting blood vessels, which is formed by braiding silk, and along the axial direction of the stent for implanting blood vessels, the stent for implanting blood vessels is braided There are sections with different radial support forces, and the ends of the blood vessel implanted stent are continuous.
优选的，所述血管植入支架中，径向支撑力大的区段与径向支撑力小的区段交替设置。Preferably, in the blood vessel implantation stent, sections with high radial support force and sections with small radial support force are arranged alternately.
优选的，沿所述血管植入支架的轴向，所述血管植入支架的外径由一端向另一端逐渐减小。Preferably, along the axial direction of the vascular implant stent, the outer diameter of the vascular implant stent gradually decreases from one end to the other end.
优选的，所述血管植入支架为柱形。Preferably, the stent implanted in blood vessels is cylindrical.
优选的，所述丝材在所述血管植入支架的端部形成多个连续弧，所有连续弧构成所述血管植入支架的端部边界。Preferably, the wire material forms a plurality of continuous arcs at the end of the stent implanted in blood vessels, and all the continuous arcs constitute the end boundary of the stent implanted in blood vessels.
优选的，所述血管植入支架沿轴向分为两段，其中一段为支撑区段，另一段为定位区段，其中所述支撑区段被编织成径向支撑力不同的区段。Preferably, the stent for implanting blood vessels is divided into two sections in the axial direction, one of which is a support section, and the other is a positioning section, wherein the support section is woven into sections with different radial support forces.
如上所述，本发明的血管植入支架，具有以下有益效果：其通过编织形成径向支撑力不同的区段，以此可在节省成本的前提下确保对血管壁的支撑，且端部边界为连续的，以此避免丝材在血管植入支架的端部形成尖端而损伤血管。As mentioned above, the stent implanted in the blood vessel of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it forms sections with different radial support forces through weaving, so as to ensure the support of the vessel wall under the premise of saving costs, and the end boundary It is continuous, so as to prevent the filament from forming a tip at the end of the stent implanted in the blood vessel and damaging the blood vessel.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1显示为本发明的血管植入支架的实施例一示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a stent implanted in a blood vessel of the present invention.
图2显示为本发明的血管植入支架的实施例二示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the stent implanted in blood vessels of the present invention.
图3显示为本发明的血管植入支架的实施例三示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the stent implanted in blood vessels of the present invention.
图4显示为本发明的血管植入支架的实施例四示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the stent implanted in blood vessels of the present invention.
元件标号说明Component designation description
1 定位区段1 positioning section
11 定位区段的端部边界11 Position the end border of the section
12 花瓣12 petals
2 支撑区段2 support section
21 弱支撑区段21 Weak support zone
22 强支撑区段22 strong support zone
23 连续弧23 consecutive arcs
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.
请参阅图1至图4。须知，本说明书所附图中所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容所能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。See Figures 1 through 4. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. Limiting conditions, so there is no technical substantive meaning, any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effect and purpose of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope covered by the disclosed technical content. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit this specification. The practicable scope of the invention and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the practicable scope of the present invention without any substantial change in the technical content.
如图1至图4所示，本发明提供一种血管植入支架，所述血管植入支架由丝材编织形成，沿所述血管植入支架的轴向，所述血管植入支架被编织成径向支撑力不同的区段，径向支撑力大的区段称为强支撑区段22，径向支撑力小的区段称为弱支撑区段21，且血管植入支架的端部为连续状。本发明其通过编织形成径向支撑力不同的区段，以此适应血管不同部位的需求，且端部边界为连续的，以此避免丝材在血管植入支架的端部形成尖端而损伤血管。As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention provides a stent for vascular implantation, the stent for vascular implantation is formed by braiding silk, and along the axial direction of the stent for implantation of blood vessels, the stent for vascular implantation is braided There are sections with different radial support forces, the section with a large radial support force is called a strong support section 22, and the section with a small radial support force is called a weak support section 21, and the end of the blood vessel implanted stent is continuous. In the present invention, sections with different radial support forces are formed by weaving to meet the needs of different parts of the blood vessel, and the end boundary is continuous, so as to prevent the wire material from forming a tip at the end of the stent implanted in the blood vessel and damaging the blood vessel .
一般地，为便于定位，血管植入支架沿轴向分为两段，见图2及图3所示，一段为支撑区段2，即血管植入支架的主体部分，其被编织成径向支撑力不同的区段，另一段为定位区段1，定位区段1具有外径大于所述支撑区段2的定位部，且所述丝材在所述定位区段1的端部边界呈连续状。本实施例的血管植入支架设有定位区段1，其具有较大外径的定位部，便于释放时的定位，且定位区段1的端部边界11为连续状，即无裸露的丝材端部，避免损伤血管Generally, in order to facilitate positioning, the vascular implant stent is divided into two sections along the axial direction, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. For sections with different supporting forces, the other section is a positioning section 1. The positioning section 1 has a positioning portion whose outer diameter is larger than that of the supporting section 2, and the end boundary of the wire material in the positioning section 1 is in the shape of Continuous. The vascular implant stent of this embodiment is provided with a positioning section 1, which has a positioning portion with a large outer diameter, which is convenient for positioning during release, and the end boundary 11 of the positioning section 1 is continuous, that is, there is no exposed wire. end of the material to avoid damage to blood vessels
支撑区段Support section
见图1所示，本实施例中沿所述血管植入支架轴向，根据径向支撑力的大小不同至少分为两段，如编织紧密的强支撑区段22和编织疏松的弱支撑区段21。As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, along the axial direction of the vascular implant stent, it is divided into at least two sections according to the size of the radial support force, such as a tightly braided strong support section 22 and a loosely braided weak support section paragraph 21.
例如对于非血栓性的髂静脉压迫综合征，见图2所示，血管植入支架沿轴向依次为定位区段1、强支撑区段22、弱支撑区段21，强支撑区段22长10～50mm，以抵抗髂动脉与腰椎对髂静脉的夹持压迫，弱支撑区段21长30～90mm。For example, for the non-thrombotic iliac vein compression syndrome, as shown in FIG. 2 , the stent implanted in the blood vessel includes positioning section 1, strong support section 22, and weak support section 21 along the axial direction, and the strong support section 22 is long. 10-50mm to resist the pinching and compression of the iliac vein by the iliac artery and the lumbar spine, and the length of the weak support section 21 is 30-90mm.
见图1所示，本实施例中，As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment,
径向支撑力小的区段交替设置，即有多段强支撑区段22和弱支撑区段21，且强支撑区段22和弱支撑区段21交替分布。其也可多种分布方式，不同强/弱支撑区段的径向支撑力大小不尽相同。Sections with small radial support force are arranged alternately, that is, there are multiple strong support sections 22 and weak support sections 21 , and the strong support sections 22 and weak support sections 21 are alternately distributed. It can also be distributed in various ways, and the radial support force of different strong/weak support sections is not the same.
例如对于PTS，血管植入支架沿轴向依次为定位区段，第一强支撑区段，弱支撑区段，第二强支撑区段。强支撑区段的径向支撑强度大于弱支撑区段的径向支撑强度，且第一强支撑区大于第二强支撑区的强度。For example, for the PTS, the vascular implant stent includes a positioning section, a first strong support section, a weak support section, and a second strong support section along the axial direction. The radial support strength of the strongly supported section is greater than that of the weakly supported section, and the strength of the first strongly supported area is greater than that of the second strongly supported area.
一般地，血管植入支架为外径不变的柱形，其也可为变外径的，如锥形。见图3所示，作为支撑区段的一实施例，本实施例沿所述血管植入支架轴向，所述支撑区段2的外径向靠近所述定位区段1处逐渐减小或增大，即本实施例的支撑区段2呈锥形。Generally, the stent implanted in a blood vessel is in the shape of a column with a constant outer diameter, and it can also be in a variable outer diameter, such as a tapered shape. As shown in Fig. 3, as an embodiment of the support section, in this embodiment, along the axial direction of the vascular implant stent, the outer radial direction of the support section 2 is gradually reduced near the positioning section 1 or Increased, that is, the support section 2 of this embodiment is tapered.
优选的，见图1及图3所示，血管植入支架的端部为连续状，本实施例中上述丝材在所述支撑区段2的端部形成多个连续弧23，所有连续弧23构成所述支撑区段2的端部边界。在通过丝材进行编织时，在编织开始时通过编织形成连续弧23，使支撑区段2的端部边界为封闭状，而不是丝材的尖端，连续弧23的设置加强了血管植入支架的端部光滑型，进一步避免对血管的损伤。Preferably, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the ends of the stents implanted in blood vessels are continuous. 23 forms the end boundary of the support section 2 . When braiding by wire, a continuous arc 23 is formed by braiding at the beginning of braiding, so that the end boundary of the support section 2 is closed instead of the tip of the wire, and the setting of the continuous arc 23 strengthens the implantation of the stent The end of the smooth type, to further avoid damage to blood vessels.
定位区段targeting section
见图2及图3所示，本实施例中丝材在所述定位区段1的端部形成多个连续弧，所有连续弧构成定位区段的端部边界11。在通过丝材进行编织时，在结束编织时通过编织形成连续弧，使定位区段的端部边界为封闭状，而不是剪切丝材形成的尖端状，连续弧的设置加强了血管植入支架的端部光滑型，进一步避免对血管的损伤。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the wire material forms a plurality of continuous arcs at the end of the positioning section 1 , and all the continuous arcs constitute the end boundary 11 of the positioning section. When weaving through the wire, a continuous arc is formed by weaving at the end of the weaving, so that the end boundary of the positioning section is closed, instead of a pointed shape formed by cutting the wire, and the setting of the continuous arc strengthens the implantation of blood vessels The end of the stent is smooth to further avoid damage to blood vessels.
见图2及图3所示，作为定位区段1的一实施例，本实施例中定位区段1为由丝材在支撑区段2的端部继续编织形成呈沿血管植入支架的轴向外径逐渐增大的扩口段，所述扩口段与所述血管植入支架的轴线呈一夹角，所述夹角为10°至90°。本实施例中的定位区段1呈扩口状，即由丝材继续沿血管植入支架轴向编织形成喇叭状结构，其便于释放时的定位。定位区段的端部边界11为连续状，无尖端，避免损伤血管。本实施例有利于支架在血管分叉口处(如髂静脉流出口)实现准确定位，减少血管植入支架过多地伸入上端汇合血管，从而减少支架植入后对对侧血流的影响。As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, as an embodiment of the positioning section 1, in this embodiment, the positioning section 1 is formed by continuous braiding of wire at the end of the supporting section 2 to form a shaft along which the stent is implanted along the blood vessel. A flaring section whose outer diameter gradually increases, the flaring section forms an included angle with the axis of the vascular implant stent, and the included angle is 10° to 90°. The positioning section 1 in this embodiment has a flaring shape, that is, the wire material continues to be braided along the axial direction of the vascular implant stent to form a trumpet-shaped structure, which is convenient for positioning during release. The end boundary 11 of the positioning section is continuous and has no sharp point, so as to avoid damage to blood vessels. This embodiment is conducive to the accurate positioning of the stent at the bifurcation of the blood vessel (such as the outlet of the iliac vein), reducing the excessive extension of the stent implanted into the upper confluent blood vessel, thereby reducing the impact on the contralateral blood flow after the stent is implanted. .
见图4所示，作为定位区段1的第二实施例，本实施例中定位区段1由多个绕所述血管植入支架的轴线环向均布的花瓣12构成，且所述花瓣12由所述丝材编织成。各花瓣12在释放时便于定位。在从支撑区段2朝向所述定位区段1的方向上，所有所述花瓣12形成的外周面与所述血管植入支架的轴线呈一夹角，即图中的夹角a，所述夹角a为10°至90°。花瓣个数可以是3～30个。As shown in Figure 4, as the second embodiment of the positioning section 1, the positioning section 1 in this embodiment is composed of a plurality of petals 12 uniformly distributed around the axis of the vascular implant stent, and the petals 12 is woven from the silk. Each petal 12 facilitates positioning when released. In the direction from the support section 2 to the positioning section 1, the outer peripheral surfaces formed by all the petals 12 form an angle with the axis of the blood vessel implantation stent, that is, the angle a in the figure, the The included angle a is 10° to 90°. The number of petals can be 3-30.
上述各实施例中，定位区段1在血管植入支架轴向的长度范围为：所述支撑区段外径的三分之一至所述支撑区段外径的三倍，一般为5-50mm；即上述花瓣12沿所述血管植入支架轴向的长度为5-50mm。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the length range of the positioning section 1 in the axial direction of the vascular implant stent is: one third of the outer diameter of the support section to three times the outer diameter of the support section, generally 5- 50mm; that is, the length of the above-mentioned petals 12 along the axial direction of the vascular implantation stent is 5-50mm.
定位区段1的形状不限于此，其只需具有外径大于所述支撑区段2的定位部即可，其还可为腰鼓形，且由编织形成支撑区段2的丝材继续编织而成。The shape of the positioning section 1 is not limited thereto, it only needs to have a positioning portion with an outer diameter larger than that of the supporting section 2, and it can also be drum-shaped, and the braided support section 2 is formed by continuous weaving. to make.
上述定位区段1和支撑区段2可根据需要进行有机结合，形成不同形状构造的血管植入支架。本实施例通过轴向不同区段径向力的强弱调节，定位区段的结构设计，以及血管植入支架整体柱形或锥形设计，可以更好的适应病变血管的生理结构特点。尤其适合髂静脉病变。The above-mentioned positioning section 1 and supporting section 2 can be organically combined as required to form stents implanted in blood vessels with different shapes and structures. This embodiment can better adapt to the physiological structural characteristics of diseased blood vessels through the adjustment of the strength of the radial force in different axial sections, the structural design of the positioning section, and the overall cylindrical or tapered design of the vascular implant stent. Especially suitable for iliac vein disease.
当前市场上为数不多的髂静脉支架，其设计与动脉支架无差，都是径向力轴向均匀分布支架，但是对于髂静脉压迫综合征，其压迫点处需要有高强支撑力来抵抗压迫，从而维持血管的畅通性，而过压迫点后的正常血管，由于不像动脉支架需要克服脉动，其需要的支撑力只需足以防止支架发生移位即可，若是支撑强度过高会导致呼吸循环过程中，血管植入支架对血管作用力过大而使患者产生不适。The design of the few iliac vein stents currently on the market is the same as that of arterial stents. They are all stents with uniform distribution of radial force and axial force. However, for iliac vein compression syndrome, high-strength support is required at the compression point to resist compression. , so as to maintain the patency of the blood vessels, and the normal blood vessels after the compression point, unlike arterial stents, need to overcome the pulsation, and the support force they need only needs to be enough to prevent the stent from shifting. If the support strength is too high, it will cause breathing. During the circulation process, the stent implanted in the blood vessel exerts too much force on the blood vessel, causing discomfort to the patient.
而对于下肢深静脉血栓后遗症(PTS)，病变通常较长，血管植入支架需要跨髋关节，病变部位需要高径向强度，而胯关节处的血管植入支架需具有高柔顺性。径向力轴向均匀分布的血管植入支架很难同时满足这种不同血管部位对强度和柔顺性的不同要求。而本实施例的支撑区段2沿轴向具有不同的径向支撑力，其可通过编织的疏密性来实现，也可用过材料的选择使用来实现，以此很好的适应这些病理学特点。For deep vein thrombosis sequelae (PTS) of the lower extremities, the lesions are usually longer, and the vascular implantation stent needs to span the hip joint, and the lesion site needs high radial strength, while the vascular implantation stent at the hip joint needs to have high flexibility. It is difficult for a stent implanted in a blood vessel with radial force uniformly distributed in the axial direction to simultaneously meet the different requirements for strength and flexibility of different blood vessel parts. However, the supporting section 2 of this embodiment has different radial supporting forces along the axial direction, which can be realized through the density of the weaving, and can also be realized through the selection of materials, so as to well adapt to these pathologies features.
本实施例中丝材所使用的材料可以是金属合金，如常见的镍钛合金，钴铬合金，316L不锈钢、镁合金等等，也可以是各类高分子聚合物，不限于以上所列材料。The material used for the wire in this embodiment can be metal alloys, such as common nickel-titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, 316L stainless steel, magnesium alloys, etc., or various types of polymers, not limited to the materials listed above .
同时，为适应髂静脉开口的解剖形态特点，本实施例的血管植入支架近心端设计有喇叭口或花冠状的定位结构，即上述定位区段1，更有利于血管植入支架的定位。At the same time, in order to adapt to the anatomical characteristics of the opening of the iliac vein, the proximal end of the vascular implant stent in this embodiment is designed with a bell mouth or corolla positioning structure, that is, the above positioning section 1, which is more conducive to the positioning of the vascular implant stent .
所有病变特征类似于髂静脉病变的血管，都可以应用该设计，高度适应病变血管，从而具有较高的稳定性。All blood vessels with lesion characteristics similar to iliac vein lesions can apply this design, which is highly adaptable to the lesion vessels and thus has high stability.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911016599.7ACN110613540A (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Blood vessel implantation stent |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911016599.7ACN110613540A (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Blood vessel implantation stent |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110613540Atrue CN110613540A (en) | 2019-12-27 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911016599.7APendingCN110613540A (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Blood vessel implantation stent |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110613540A (en) |
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