技术领域technical field
本发明涉及用于天线阵列的校正终端，具体地，涉及一种自动测量鞭状线性天线阵列位置的校正终端。The invention relates to a calibration terminal for antenna arrays, in particular to a calibration terminal for automatically measuring the position of a whip linear antenna array.
背景技术Background technique
随着相控阵技术、智能天线技术和多输入多输出技术的飞速发展，越来越多的通信与雷达系统都采用了多副发射和接收天线的设计，通过充分利用空域信息以提高系统的整体性能。然而，这种多天线系统的信息处理需要准确已知每个天线单元的位置信息，如果位置信息存在较大的误差，会严重影响到天线单元之间的相位特性，从而直接导致系统性能的严重下降，难以发挥多天线系统处理的优势。With the rapid development of phased array technology, smart antenna technology and multiple-input multiple-output technology, more and more communication and radar systems have adopted the design of multiple transmitting and receiving antennas. overall performance. However, the information processing of this multi-antenna system needs to accurately know the position information of each antenna unit. If there is a large error in the position information, it will seriously affect the phase characteristics between the antenna units, which will directly lead to serious system performance. It is difficult to take advantage of multi-antenna system processing.
现有的天线阵列校正技术采用的是远场外辐射源校正，在正对天线阵列的法线(即零度方向)上从远场距离辐射一给定频点的正弦波射频信号，并保证天线阵列接收到的信号强度位于接收机的动态范围之内，且应满足校正所需要的最低信噪比要求。根据直线阵列天线第n个阵元的相位因子表达式：The existing antenna array calibration technology uses far-field external radiation source calibration, which radiates a sine wave radio frequency signal of a given frequency point from the far-field distance on the normal line facing the antenna array (that is, the zero-degree direction), and ensures that the antenna The signal strength received by the array is within the dynamic range of the receiver and should meet the minimum signal-to-noise ratio requirement for calibration. According to the phase factor expression of the nth element of the linear array antenna:
其中f0为接收机工作的中心频率，dn为第n个阵元的与参考阵元之间的间距，θ为平面电磁波的入射方向，c为光速。当辐射源位于零度方向时，θ＝0°，很明显，这种情况下的天线阵列因子均为1，因此外辐射源校正只是针对了每个天线通道的幅度和相位校正，而忽略了天线空间位置dn存在的误差，尤其是在一些复杂的环境下，鞭状天线的固定位置受天气、温度等多种因素的影响，会随着时间的变化产生不确定的漂移。Where f0 is the center frequency of the receiver, dn is the distance between the nth array element and the reference array element, θ is the incident direction of the plane electromagnetic wave, and c is the speed of light. When the radiation source is located in the zero-degree direction, θ=0°. Obviously, the antenna array factor in this case is 1, so the external radiation source correction is only for the amplitude and phase correction of each antenna channel, and ignores the antenna The error in the spatial position dn , especially in some complex environments, the fixed position of the whip antenna is affected by various factors such as weather and temperature, and will produce uncertain drift with time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了克服现有校正技术中忽略天线位置误差的缺陷，提出了一种自动测量鞭状线性天线阵列位置的校正终端，能够有效地实时地自动测量鞭状线性天线的位置信息，从而达到补偿阵列因子位置误差的目的。In order to overcome the defect of ignoring the antenna position error in the existing calibration technology, the present invention proposes a calibration terminal that automatically measures the position of the whip linear antenna array, which can effectively and automatically measure the position information of the whip linear antenna in real time, thereby achieving compensation The purpose of the array factor position error.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种自动测量鞭状线性天线阵列位置的校正终端，包括：待测鞭状直线阵列将无线控制指令发送给无线收发模块，无线收发模块将信号传送给微控制器，微控制器发送指令使得自动旋转转台在方位角度上以一定的角度步进旋转，同时在每个角度步进上产生一个同步触发脉冲；激光测距仪接收自动旋转转台发送的同步脉冲触发，产生与当前方位角度匹配的距离测量值；自动旋转转台产生的方位角度值、激光测距仪的距离测量值在同步触发脉冲的控制下，送入到微控制器进行处理；微控制器剔除掉远大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间距离的异常测量值，再根据相邻两对同时测量的距离和角度值，计算出天线单元之间的距离，从而实现位置信息的获取，最后无线收发模块将位置信息发送给待测鞭状直线阵列，对直线阵列中存储的单元位置信息进行更新。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a calibration terminal for automatically measuring the position of the whip linear antenna array, including: the whip linear array to be tested sends the wireless control command to the wireless transceiver module, and the wireless transceiver module transmits the signal to the micro-controller The microcontroller sends instructions to make the automatic rotating turntable rotate at a certain angle step by step in the azimuth angle, and at the same time generate a synchronous trigger pulse on each angle step; the laser rangefinder receives the synchronous pulse trigger sent by the automatic rotating turntable , to generate a distance measurement value matching the current azimuth angle; the azimuth angle value generated by the automatic rotating turntable and the distance measurement value of the laser rangefinder are sent to the microcontroller for processing under the control of the synchronous trigger pulse; Drop the abnormal measurement value that is much larger than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested, and then calculate the distance between the antenna units according to the distance and angle values measured by two adjacent pairs at the same time, so as to realize the acquisition of position information, and finally The wireless transceiver module sends the position information to the whip linear array to be tested, and updates the unit position information stored in the linear array.
优选地，无线收发模块包括微控制器和用于无线传输的发射机和接收机。Preferably, the wireless transceiver module includes a microcontroller and a transmitter and a receiver for wireless transmission.
优选地，自动旋转转台、激光测距仪分别通过同轴电缆与无线收发模块的微控制器相连，用于传输方位角度值和距离测量值。Preferably, the automatic rotating turntable and the laser rangefinder are respectively connected to the microcontroller of the wireless transceiver module through a coaxial cable for transmitting azimuth angle values and distance measurement values.
优选地，微控制器通过TTL电平控制无线传输发射机、接收机的时序工作关系。Preferably, the microcontroller controls the timing working relationship between the wireless transmission transmitter and the receiver through the TTL level.
优选地，微控制器通过判断激光测距仪给出的距离测量值，剔除掉远大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间距离的异常值。Preferably, the microcontroller eliminates abnormal values that are much larger than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be measured by judging the distance measurement value given by the laser rangefinder.
优选地，微控制器根据相邻两对同时测量的距离和角度值，通过三角余弦定理计算出天线单元之间的距离。Preferably, the microcontroller calculates the distance between the antenna elements through the trigonometric cosine theorem according to the distance and angle values measured simultaneously by two adjacent pairs.
优选地，无线收发模块的电磁波作用距离大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离。Preferably, the electromagnetic wave action distance of the wireless transceiver module is greater than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested.
优选地，接收机接收待测天线阵列发送的同频点控制命令，无线传输的发射机将微控制器计算得出的天线单元距离发送给待测天线阵列，并执行相应的位置修正。Preferably, the receiver receives the same-frequency point control command sent by the antenna array to be tested, and the transmitter of wireless transmission sends the antenna unit distance calculated by the microcontroller to the antenna array to be tested, and performs corresponding position correction.
本发明在采用了上述设计后，能够在待测天线阵列发送的无线控制指令下，通过激光测距仪实时地自动测量并计算出鞭状线性天线阵元的位置，同时由无线传输的发射机将该位置信息送至待测天线阵列予以更新，从而保证了天线单元位置误差对系统性能影响的最小化。此外，自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离没有严格的要求，根据现场实际情况选定，也不需要保证自动旋转转台或待测天线阵列与大地平面保持严格的水平关系。After adopting the above-mentioned design, the present invention can automatically measure and calculate the position of the whip-shaped linear antenna array element in real time through the laser range finder under the wireless control command sent by the antenna array to be tested. The position information is sent to the antenna array to be tested for updating, thereby ensuring the minimization of the influence of the position error of the antenna unit on the system performance. In addition, there is no strict requirement for the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested, and it is selected according to the actual situation on site, and it is not necessary to ensure that the automatic rotating turntable or the antenna array to be tested maintain a strict horizontal relationship with the ground plane.
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是本发明的连接示意图。Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
如图1所示，An表示直线阵列的第n个天线单元，本发明提供一种自动测量鞭状线性天线阵列位置的校正终端，包括：待测鞭状直线阵列将无线控制指令发送给无线收发模块，无线收发模块将信号传送给微控制器，微控制器发送指令使得自动旋转转台在方位角度上以一定的角度步进旋转，同时在每个角度步进上产生一个同步触发脉冲；激光测距仪接收自动旋转转台发送的同步脉冲触发，产生与当前方位角度匹配的距离测量值；自动旋转转台产生的方位角度值、激光测距仪的距离测量值在同步触发脉冲的控制下，送入到微控制器进行处理；微控制器剔除掉远大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间距离的异常测量值，再根据相邻两对同时测量的距离和角度值，计算出天线单元之间的距离，从而实现位置信息的获取，最后无线收发模块将位置信息发送给待测鞭状直线阵列，对直线阵列中存储的单元位置信息进行更新。As shown in Figure 1, An represents the nth antenna unit of the linear array. The present invention provides a calibration terminal for automatically measuring the position of the whip linear antenna array, including: the whip linear array to be tested sends wireless control instructions to the wireless transceiver Module, the wireless transceiver module transmits the signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller sends an instruction to make the automatic rotating turntable rotate at a certain angle in the azimuth angle, and at the same time generate a synchronous trigger pulse at each angle step; the laser measurement The distance meter receives the synchronous pulse trigger sent by the automatic rotating turntable to generate a distance measurement value matching the current azimuth angle; the azimuth angle value generated by the automatic rotating turntable and the distance measurement value of the laser rangefinder are sent to the to the microcontroller for processing; the microcontroller eliminates the abnormal measurement values that are much larger than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested, and then calculates the distance between the antenna elements based on the distance and angle values measured by two adjacent pairs of simultaneous measurements. distance, so as to realize the acquisition of position information, and finally the wireless transceiver module sends the position information to the whip linear array to be tested, and updates the unit position information stored in the linear array.
本发明在采用了上述设计后，能够在待测天线阵列发送的无线控制指令下，通过激光测距仪实时地自动测量并计算出鞭状线性天线阵元的位置，同时由无线传输的发射机将该位置信息送至待测天线阵列予以更新，从而保证了天线单元位置误差对系统性能影响的最小化。此外，自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离没有严格的要求，根据现场实际情况选定，也不需要保证自动旋转转台或待测天线阵列与大地平面保持严格的水平关系。After adopting the above-mentioned design, the present invention can automatically measure and calculate the position of the whip-shaped linear antenna array element in real time through the laser range finder under the wireless control command sent by the antenna array to be tested. The position information is sent to the antenna array to be tested for updating, thereby ensuring the minimization of the influence of the position error of the antenna unit on the system performance. In addition, there is no strict requirement for the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested, and it is selected according to the actual situation on site, and it is not necessary to ensure that the automatic rotating turntable or the antenna array to be tested maintain a strict horizontal relationship with the ground plane.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，无线收发模块包括微控制器和用于无线传输的发射机和接收机。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wireless transceiver module includes a microcontroller, a transmitter and a receiver for wireless transmission.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，自动旋转转台、激光测距仪分别通过同轴电缆与无线收发模块的微控制器相连，用于传输方位角度值和距离测量值。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the automatic rotating turntable and the laser range finder are respectively connected to the microcontroller of the wireless transceiver module through a coaxial cable for transmitting azimuth angle values and distance measurement values.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，微控制器通过TTL电平控制无线传输发射机、接收机的时序工作关系。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller controls the timing working relationship between the wireless transmission transmitter and the receiver through the TTL level.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，微控制器通过判断激光测距仪给出的距离测量值，剔除掉远大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间距离的异常值。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller eliminates abnormal values that are much larger than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be measured by judging the distance measurement value given by the laser range finder.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，微控制器根据相邻两对同时测量的距离和角度值，通过三角余弦定理计算出天线单元之间的距离。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microcontroller calculates the distance between the antenna elements through the trigonometric cosine law according to the distance and angle values measured simultaneously by two adjacent pairs.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，无线收发模块的电磁波作用距离大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic wave action distance of the wireless transceiver module is greater than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested.
在本发明一种优选的实施方式中，接收机接收待测天线阵列发送的同频点控制命令，无线传输的发射机将微控制器计算得出的天线单元距离发送给待测天线阵列，并执行相应的位置修正。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the receiver receives the same-frequency point control command sent by the antenna array to be tested, and the transmitter of wireless transmission sends the antenna unit distance calculated by the microcontroller to the antenna array to be tested, and Perform the appropriate position correction.
自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离应根据激光测距仪的测量精度、自动旋转转台的方位角步进精度、系统对天线阵元位置的测量精度以及实际外场环境综合确定。The distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested should be comprehensively determined according to the measurement accuracy of the laser rangefinder, the azimuth step accuracy of the automatic rotating turntable, the system's measurement accuracy of the antenna array element position, and the actual external field environment.
无线收发模块的电磁波作用距离应当大于自动旋转转台与待测天线阵列之间的距离，且工作的频点不能够干扰待测天线阵列的正常工作。The electromagnetic wave action distance of the wireless transceiver module should be greater than the distance between the automatic rotating turntable and the antenna array to be tested, and the working frequency point cannot interfere with the normal operation of the antenna array to be tested.
此外，无线收发模块的具体安装位置与自动旋转转台和激光测距仪的输出信息接口位置有关，为了保证两种信号同时到达，应使得无线收发模块与自动旋转转台和激光测距仪的输出信息接口的距离基本相等。In addition, the specific installation position of the wireless transceiver module is related to the output information interface position of the automatic rotary table and the laser range finder. In order to ensure that the two signals arrive at the same time, the output information of the wireless transceiver module and the automatic rotary table and the laser range finder should be The distances between the interfaces are basically equal.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiment, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way if there is no contradiction. The combination method will not be described separately.
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。In addition, various combinations of different embodiments of the present invention can also be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention.
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| CN201910858564.1ACN110596658A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | A Calibration Terminal for Automatically Measuring the Position of Whip Linear Antenna Array |
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| CN201910858564.1ACN110596658A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | A Calibration Terminal for Automatically Measuring the Position of Whip Linear Antenna Array |
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