技术领域technical field
本发明涉及制冷设备技术领域,具体涉及一种真空环境下基于接触热传导技术制备冻土样品的设备。The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to an equipment for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment.
背景技术Background technique
目前市面常见制冷设备(冷库/冰箱等)主要是通过蒸发器与空间内气体通过热交换(对流)达到降温效果,极少涉及真空环境,如CN109827827A专利,提供了一种用于制作层状冷生结构冻土试验的装置与方法,其样品本身并非处于真空,真空管只是分布在样品桶四周,起到隔热保温作用,这一类设备较为常见,多为非真空环境下样品的制冷;而实验室常用真空环境制冷设备,多是通过冷阱制冷,如CN201059842Y专利,提供了一台简易立式真空冷冻干燥试验机的制造方法,其包含有真空系统、加热制冷循环系统,以实现真空冷冻干燥(-10~-50℃) ,但其制冷采用的是双冷阱腔结构,非接触制冷,冻干周期约20h,其结构略显臃肿,效率较低,达到的制冷效果也偏差。At present, the common refrigeration equipment (cold storage/refrigerator, etc.) on the market mainly achieves the cooling effect through heat exchange (convection) between the evaporator and the gas in the space, and rarely involves a vacuum environment. The device and method of the raw structure frozen soil test, the sample itself is not in a vacuum, the vacuum tubes are only distributed around the sample barrel to play the role of heat insulation, this type of equipment is more common, and most of them are used for cooling samples in a non-vacuum environment; Vacuum environmental refrigeration equipment commonly used in laboratories is mostly refrigerated by cold traps, such as CN201059842Y patent, which provides a simple vertical vacuum freeze-drying test machine manufacturing method, which includes a vacuum system and a heating and cooling cycle system to achieve vacuum freezing. Drying (-10~-50°C), but its refrigeration adopts a double cold trap chamber structure, non-contact refrigeration, the freeze-drying cycle is about 20h, its structure is slightly bloated, the efficiency is low, and the refrigeration effect achieved is also biased
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种真空环境下基于接触热传导技术制备冻土样品的设备,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种真空环境下基于接触热传导技术制备冻土样品的设备,包括真空腔室和腔门,所述真空腔室和腔门一边铰接,另一边通过密封锁密封,所述真空腔室内表面侧壁固定安装有镜面反射板,所述镜面反射板上螺栓固定安装有铜压板,所述铜压板一端呈圈体结构,所述铜压板通过圈体结构与样品桶贴合良好,接触面遍布样品桶上中下各部分,所述样品桶通过支脚固定于真空腔室内部,所述铜压板另一端连接制冷机冷头,所述制冷机冷头连接制冷机,所述制冷机冷头通过冷头法兰伸入真空腔室内侧,所述冷头法兰下侧设有专用抽气管道,所述专用抽气管道一端连通真空腔室,另一端连接机械泵。The object of the present invention is to provide a device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment, including a vacuum chamber and a chamber door, one side of which is hinged, and the other side passes through The inner surface of the vacuum chamber is fixed with a mirror reflection plate on the side wall, and a copper pressure plate is fixed on the mirror reflection plate with bolts. One end of the copper pressure plate has a ring structure, and the copper pressure plate passes through the ring structure. It fits well with the sample barrel, and the contact surface is all over the upper, middle and lower parts of the sample barrel. The sample barrel is fixed inside the vacuum chamber through the feet, and the other end of the copper plate is connected to the cold head of the refrigerator, and the cold head of the refrigerator is connected to the Refrigerator, the cold head of the refrigerator extends into the inner side of the vacuum chamber through the cold head flange, and the lower side of the cold head flange is provided with a special suction pipe, one end of the special suction pipe is connected to the vacuum chamber, and the other end is connected to the vacuum chamber. Connect the mechanical pump.
优选地,所述腔门上焊接有冷却管道。Preferably, a cooling pipe is welded on the door.
优选地,所述铜压板与样品桶接触面积至少占样品桶表面积四分之一。Preferably, the contact area between the copper pressure plate and the sample barrel accounts for at least one fourth of the surface area of the sample barrel.
优选地,所述专用抽气管道内部设计有交错挡板结构。Preferably, a staggered baffle structure is designed inside the dedicated air extraction duct.
优选地,所述支脚底部装有特氟龙块。Preferably, Teflon blocks are installed at the bottom of the legs.
优选地,所述样品桶为铝合金材质。Preferably, the sample bucket is made of aluminum alloy.
本发明的技术效果和优点:本装置利用制冷机冷头直接与样品桶紧密接触,通过热传导以最高的效率将样品制冷,再利用特殊设计的真空腔,最大限度降低样品桶与外部环境的热交换,从而高效、快捷、稳定地制备出满足需求的真空低温土壤样品;设计了专用抽气管道,内部附有交错挡板结构,以减少土壤样品在抽真空过程中对真空泵的污染或损坏。The technical effects and advantages of the present invention: the device uses the cold head of the refrigerator to directly contact the sample barrel, cools the sample with the highest efficiency through heat conduction, and then uses a specially designed vacuum chamber to minimize the heat between the sample barrel and the external environment. Exchange, so as to efficiently, quickly and stably prepare vacuum low-temperature soil samples that meet the needs; design a special pumping pipeline with a staggered baffle structure inside to reduce the pollution or damage of the vacuum pump to the soil sample during the vacuuming process.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的内部结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明的外形结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the outline structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的交错挡板结构的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the staggered baffle structure of the present invention.
图中:1-真空腔室,2-腔门,3-密封锁,4-镜面反射板,5-铜压板,6-圈体结构,7-样品桶,8-支脚,9-制冷机冷头,10-冷头法兰,11-专用抽气管道,12-机械泵,13-冷却管道,14-交错挡板结构,15-特氟龙块。In the figure: 1-vacuum chamber, 2-chamber door, 3-sealing lock, 4-mirror reflector, 5-copper plate, 6-ring structure, 7-sample barrel, 8-leg, 9-refrigerator Head, 10-cold head flange, 11-special exhaust pipe, 12-mechanical pump, 13-cooling pipe, 14-staggered baffle structure, 15-Teflon block.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的实现技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示,进一步阐述本发明,在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接或是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以两个元件内部的连通。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific illustrations. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and The terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection or a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and can be connected internally between two components.
实施例1Example 1
如图1和图2所示的一种真空环境下基于接触热传导技术制备冻土样品的设备,包括真空腔室1和腔门2,所述真空腔室1和腔门2一边铰接,另一边通过密封锁3密封,保证真空腔室1内密封,所述真空腔室1内表面侧壁固定安装有镜面反射板4,所述镜面反射板4上螺栓固定安装有铜压板5,所述镜面反射板4防尘的同时可有效降低样品桶对真空腔室1的热辐射,所述铜压板5一端呈圈体结构6,所述铜压板5通过圈体结构6与样品桶7贴合良好,接触面遍布样品桶7上中下各部分,铜压板5与样品桶7紧密连接,通过热传导使样品快速降温,可至-50℃以下,所述样品桶7通过支脚8固定于真空腔室1内部,减小样品桶7与真空腔室1接触面积,增大热阻,减小与真空腔室1的热交换,所述铜压板5另一端连接制冷机冷头9,所述制冷机冷头9连接制冷机,所述制冷机冷头9通过冷头法兰10伸入真空腔室1内侧,密封良好,不会破坏真空腔室1内部真空,所述冷头法兰10下侧设有专用抽气管道11,所述专用抽气管道11一端连通真空腔室1,另一端连接机械泵12。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment includes a vacuum chamber 1 and a chamber door 2, and the vacuum chamber 1 and chamber door 2 are hinged on one side and the other side is hinged. Sealed by the sealing lock 3 to ensure the sealing in the vacuum chamber 1, the side wall of the inner surface of the vacuum chamber 1 is fixedly equipped with a mirror reflection plate 4, and the bolts on the mirror reflection plate 4 are fixedly equipped with a copper pressure plate 5, and the mirror surface While the reflector 4 is dust-proof, it can effectively reduce the heat radiation from the sample barrel to the vacuum chamber 1. One end of the copper pressing plate 5 has a ring structure 6, and the copper pressing plate 5 fits well with the sample barrel 7 through the ring structure 6. , the contact surface is all over the upper, middle and lower parts of the sample barrel 7, the copper plate 5 is closely connected with the sample barrel 7, and the temperature of the sample is rapidly cooled by heat conduction, which can be below -50°C, and the sample barrel 7 is fixed in the vacuum chamber through the feet 8 1, reduce the contact area between the sample barrel 7 and the vacuum chamber 1, increase the thermal resistance, and reduce the heat exchange with the vacuum chamber 1. The other end of the copper plate 5 is connected to the cold head 9 of the refrigerator, and the refrigerator The cold head 9 is connected to the refrigerator, and the cold head 9 of the refrigerator extends into the inner side of the vacuum chamber 1 through the cold head flange 10, which is well sealed and will not destroy the internal vacuum of the vacuum chamber 1. The lower side of the cold head flange 10 A dedicated air extraction pipeline 11 is provided, one end of which is connected to the vacuum chamber 1 , and the other end is connected to a mechanical pump 12 .
实施例2Example 2
如图1~图3所示的一种真空环境下基于接触热传导技术制备冻土样品的设备,包括真空腔室1和腔门2,所述真空腔室1和腔门2一边铰接,另一边通过密封锁3密封,保证真空腔室1内密封,所述真空腔室1内表面侧壁固定安装有镜面反射板4,所述镜面反射板4上螺栓固定安装有铜压板5,所述镜面反射板4防尘的同时可有效降低样品桶对真空腔室1的热辐射,所述铜压板5一端呈圈体结构6,所述铜压板5通过圈体结构6与样品桶7贴合良好,接触面遍布样品桶7上中下各部分,铜压板5与样品桶7紧密连接,通过热传导使样品快速降温,可至-50℃以下,所述样品桶7通过支脚8固定于真空腔室1内部,减小样品桶7与真空腔室1接触面积,增大热阻,减小与真空腔室1的热交换,所述铜压板5另一端连接制冷机冷头9,所述制冷机冷头9连接制冷机,所述制冷机冷头9通过冷头法兰10伸入真空腔室1内侧,密封良好,不会破坏真空腔室1内部真空,所述冷头法兰10下侧设有专用抽气管道11,所述专用抽气管道11一端连通真空腔室1,另一端连接机械泵12。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment includes a vacuum chamber 1 and a door 2, one side of the vacuum chamber 1 and the door 2 are hinged, and the other side is hinged. Sealed by the sealing lock 3 to ensure the sealing in the vacuum chamber 1, the side wall of the inner surface of the vacuum chamber 1 is fixedly equipped with a mirror reflection plate 4, and the bolts on the mirror reflection plate 4 are fixedly equipped with a copper pressure plate 5, and the mirror surface While the reflector 4 is dust-proof, it can effectively reduce the heat radiation from the sample barrel to the vacuum chamber 1. One end of the copper pressing plate 5 has a ring structure 6, and the copper pressing plate 5 fits well with the sample barrel 7 through the ring structure 6. , the contact surface is all over the upper, middle and lower parts of the sample barrel 7, the copper plate 5 is closely connected with the sample barrel 7, and the temperature of the sample is rapidly cooled by heat conduction, which can be below -50°C, and the sample barrel 7 is fixed in the vacuum chamber through the feet 8 1, reduce the contact area between the sample barrel 7 and the vacuum chamber 1, increase the thermal resistance, and reduce the heat exchange with the vacuum chamber 1. The other end of the copper plate 5 is connected to the cold head 9 of the refrigerator, and the refrigerator The cold head 9 is connected to the refrigerator, and the cold head 9 of the refrigerator extends into the inner side of the vacuum chamber 1 through the cold head flange 10, which is well sealed and will not destroy the internal vacuum of the vacuum chamber 1. The lower side of the cold head flange 10 A dedicated air extraction pipeline 11 is provided, one end of which is connected to the vacuum chamber 1 , and the other end is connected to a mechanical pump 12 .
优选地,所述腔门2上焊接有冷却管道13,所述冷却管道13连接冷水机,循环流通冷水,用于降低腔体温度。Preferably, a cooling pipe 13 is welded on the chamber door 2, and the cooling pipe 13 is connected to a chiller, and circulates cold water to reduce the temperature of the chamber.
优选地,所述铜压板5与样品桶7接触面积至少占样品桶表面积四分之一这样可以最大效率利用制冷机冷头9的制冷效果,使样品桶7及内部样品能快速、均匀降温。Preferably, the contact area between the copper platen 5 and the sample barrel 7 accounts for at least a quarter of the surface area of the sample barrel so that the cooling effect of the cold head 9 of the refrigerator can be utilized to the maximum efficiency, so that the sample barrel 7 and the internal samples can be cooled quickly and evenly.
优选地,所述专用抽气管道11内部设计有交错挡板结构14,可以有效避免抽真空时土壤样品产生的灰尘微粒进入机械泵12,避免其污染设备。Preferably, the special suction pipe 11 is designed with a staggered baffle structure 14 inside, which can effectively prevent the dust particles generated by the soil sample from entering the mechanical pump 12 during vacuuming, and prevent it from polluting the equipment.
优选地,所述支脚8底部装有特氟龙块15,最大限度地降低了样品桶7与真空腔室1间的热传导。Preferably, a Teflon block 15 is installed at the bottom of the leg 8 to minimize the heat conduction between the sample barrel 7 and the vacuum chamber 1 .
优选地,所述样品桶7为铝合金材质,用于存放土壤样品,设备工作稳定后,土壤温度可稳定保持在-50℃以下。Preferably, the sample barrel 7 is made of aluminum alloy and is used to store soil samples. After the equipment works stably, the soil temperature can be kept below -50°C.
本发明工艺流程和工作原理为:真空腔室1通过支架固定于地面上,机械泵12通过专用抽气管道11连续抽气,使真空腔室1成为真空环境;样品桶7内的表面土壤微粒,会在抽真空过程中,因压差、对流等作用,逐步集中到抽气口处,通过该专用抽气管道11时,土壤微粒会在管道内被层层碰撞、降速、滑落、聚集甚至落回真空腔室1内,从而达到减少机械泵12油污染的效果;制冷机(通过压缩机,使氦气在密闭管道内压缩或膨胀,吸热放热交替不断,实现热交换)工作后,制冷机冷头9会快速降温;通过制冷机冷头9-铜压板5-样品桶7连接结构,制冷机冷头9与样品桶7之间热阻被降到极小,两者热传导效率极高,制冷机冷头9与样品桶7及样品的温度会快速接近,从而达到样品桶7内土壤样品快速降温的效果;因样品桶7与真空腔室1内壁之间为真空,两者之间热交换以辐射为主,而真空腔室1内壁附有镜面反射板4,尽可能地降低了辐射效果;腔门2外表面附有水冷管道13,循环流动10℃的冷水,使腔壁温度也接近冷水温度,进一步降低样品桶7对腔体的热辐射;样品桶7与真空腔室1之间由支脚8支撑,最大限度地降低样品桶7与真空腔室1间的热传导。The process flow and working principle of the present invention are as follows: the vacuum chamber 1 is fixed on the ground through a bracket, and the mechanical pump 12 continuously pumps air through the special air extraction pipeline 11, so that the vacuum chamber 1 becomes a vacuum environment; the surface soil particles in the sample bucket 7 During the vacuuming process, due to the effects of pressure difference and convection, etc., they will be gradually concentrated at the suction port. When passing through the special suction pipe 11, the soil particles will be collided, decelerated, slipped, gathered and even layer by layer in the pipe. Fall back into the vacuum chamber 1, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the oil pollution of the mechanical pump 12; after the refrigerator (through the compressor, the helium gas is compressed or expanded in the closed pipeline, the heat is absorbed and released alternately, and the heat exchange is realized) , the cold head 9 of the refrigerator will quickly cool down; through the connection structure of the cold head 9 of the refrigerator-copper plate 5-sample barrel 7, the thermal resistance between the cold head 9 of the refrigerator and the sample barrel 7 is reduced to a minimum, and the heat conduction efficiency of the two Extremely high, the temperature of the cold head 9 of the refrigerator and the sample barrel 7 and the sample will be close quickly, so as to achieve the effect of rapid cooling of the soil sample in the sample barrel 7; because there is a vacuum between the sample barrel 7 and the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 1, both The heat exchange between them is mainly based on radiation, and the mirror reflector 4 is attached to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 1, which reduces the radiation effect as much as possible; the outer surface of the chamber door 2 is attached with a water cooling pipe 13, and the cold water at 10°C circulates to make the chamber The wall temperature is also close to the cold water temperature, further reducing the heat radiation of the sample barrel 7 to the cavity; the sample barrel 7 and the vacuum chamber 1 are supported by the feet 8, which minimizes the heat conduction between the sample barrel 7 and the vacuum chamber 1.
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced equivalently, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911034945.4ACN110595869A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | A device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911034945.4ACN110595869A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | A device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110595869Atrue CN110595869A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911034945.4APendingCN110595869A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | A device for preparing frozen soil samples based on contact heat conduction technology in a vacuum environment |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110595869A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20191220 | |
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |