技术领域technical field
本发明涉及供水技术，尤其涉及一种基于压力控制模型和PLC的供水降低能耗方法。The invention relates to water supply technology, in particular to a method for reducing energy consumption of water supply based on a pressure control model and PLC.
背景技术Background technique
我国是一个水资源短缺的国家，长期以来在市政供水、高层建筑供水、工业生产循环供水等方面技术一直比较落后，自动化水平低。而随着我国社会经济的发展，人们生活水平的不断提高，城市中各类小区的不断增加，对城市供水基础设施的建设要求越来越高。供水的可靠性、稳定性和经济性直接影响人们的正常生活和工作。my country is a country with a shortage of water resources. For a long time, the technology in municipal water supply, high-rise building water supply, and industrial production cycle water supply has been relatively backward, and the level of automation is low. With the development of our country's social economy, the continuous improvement of people's living standards, and the continuous increase of various types of communities in the city, the requirements for the construction of urban water supply infrastructure are getting higher and higher. The reliability, stability and economy of water supply directly affect people's normal life and work.
传统的供水方式有：恒速泵加压供水、水塔高位水箱供水、气压罐供水等。它们普遍不同程度的存在浪费水力、电力资源；效率低；可靠性差；自动化程度不高等缺点。目前，供水方式正在朝高效节能、自动可靠的方向发展。Traditional water supply methods include: constant speed pump pressurized water supply, water tower high water tank water supply, air pressure tank water supply, etc. They generally have the disadvantages of wasting water power and electric power resources to varying degrees; low efficiency; poor reliability; low degree of automation. At present, the water supply method is developing in the direction of high efficiency, energy saving, automatic and reliable.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决以上技术问题，本发明提出了一种基于压力控制模型和PLC的供水降低能耗方法，旨在降低供水能耗，有效稳定管网压力。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for reducing energy consumption of water supply based on a pressure control model and PLC, aiming at reducing energy consumption of water supply and effectively stabilizing pipe network pressure.
本发明的技术方案是：Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种基于压力控制模型和PLC的供水降低能耗方法，基于压力控制模型和PLC的供水降低能耗是指供水结合压力控制模型计算结果与PLC控制系统组成的闭环自控系统。采用混合遗传方法计算最优压力控制曲线，下达给PLC控制器，通过水泵转速调节法进行流量调节，统一调度水泵机组的运行。根据用水管网实时反馈的压力值，自动控制各水泵的工频变频切换并累计计时自动倒泵，同时根据实时的水压偏差对供水系统进行调节，将控制参数下达给变频器，由变频器调节水泵运行频率，调节用水管网的供水流量，最终达到使供水压力稳定并节能降耗的目的。A method for reducing energy consumption by water supply based on a pressure control model and PLC. The method for reducing energy consumption by supplying water based on a pressure control model and PLC refers to a closed-loop automatic control system composed of water supply combined with the calculation results of the pressure control model and a PLC control system. The hybrid genetic method is used to calculate the optimal pressure control curve, which is sent to the PLC controller, and the flow is adjusted through the water pump speed adjustment method, so as to uniformly dispatch the operation of the water pump unit. According to the real-time feedback pressure value of the water pipe network, the power frequency conversion switching of each water pump is automatically controlled and the accumulated timing is automatically reversed. At the same time, the water supply system is adjusted according to the real-time water pressure deviation, and the control parameters are sent to the frequency converter. Adjust the running frequency of the water pump, adjust the water supply flow of the water pipe network, and finally achieve the purpose of stabilizing the water supply pressure and saving energy and reducing consumption.
进一步的，further,
压力控制模型的建立Establishment of pressure control model
应用混合遗传算法所建立的经验数学表达式，如下式：The empirical mathematical expression established by applying the hybrid genetic algorithm is as follows:
其中，Q为各水厂流量，hk为各测点压力，Ci,Ajm,Bjp可以通过月流量计算得出；管网压力曲线模型需要满足出厂流量、压力的最优关系以及最不利点压力；根据压力控制模型输出的实时压力曲线，作为PLC控制系统设定压力值。Among them, Q is the flow of each water plant, hk is the pressure of each measuring point, Ci, Ajm, and Bjp can be calculated from the monthly flow; the pipe network pressure curve model needs to meet the optimal relationship between the factory flow and pressure and the pressure at the most unfavorable point; According to the real-time pressure curve output by the pressure control model, it is used as the PLC control system to set the pressure value.
进一步的，further,
PLC控制系统的建立Establishment of PLC control system
PLC控制系统主要由变频调速器、PLC控制器、压力传感器和水泵机组这几个部分组成；该系统总体来说可分为三个大部分：信号检测部分、控制机构和执行机构。The PLC control system is mainly composed of frequency converter, PLC controller, pressure sensor and water pump unit; the system can be divided into three parts in general: signal detection part, control mechanism and actuator.
1)所述信号检测部分：将供水系统需要检测的信号都反馈给控制系统。1) The signal detection part: feed back all the signals to be detected by the water supply system to the control system.
2)所述控制机构：PLC控制器、变频调速器这两个是核心；2) The control mechanism: PLC controller and frequency converter are the cores;
信号检测机构实时反馈来的用水管网水压值、缓冲罐液位值、电机或变频器报警信号这些都需要由PLC进行处理，它对变频调速器下达控制指令，进而由变频器进行PID调节控制水泵电机运行；The water pressure value of the water pipe network, the liquid level value of the buffer tank, and the alarm signal of the motor or frequency converter fed back by the signal detection mechanism in real time need to be processed by the PLC, which issues control commands to the frequency converter, and then the frequency converter performs PID Adjust and control the operation of the water pump motor;
它还负责人机接口的设定信息、传输通讯接口的信息交换。It is also responsible for the setting information of the man-machine interface and the information exchange of the transmission communication interface.
变频调速器是系统实现对水泵电机进行调速控制的核心设备，它根据PLC传达来的控制信号和传感器传送上来的实时水压信号对水泵电机进行PID控制和调速。The frequency conversion speed controller is the core equipment for the system to realize the speed regulation control of the water pump motor. It performs PID control and speed regulation on the water pump motor according to the control signal transmitted by the PLC and the real-time water pressure signal transmitted by the sensor.
3)所述执行机构：执行机构即水泵组，系统送水的任务最终由它们完成；在用水需求最大时，将水泵组全部投入工频运行；3) The executive mechanism: the executive mechanism is the water pump group, and the task of system water delivery is finally completed by them; when the demand for water is the largest, all the water pump groups are put into power frequency operation;
水泵的变频/工频运行和切换控制，由用水需求的紧迫程度，也就是用水管网实时反馈的水压值与设定压力值的压差值来决定。The frequency conversion/power frequency operation and switching control of the water pump are determined by the urgency of the water demand, that is, the pressure difference between the real-time feedback water pressure value of the water pipe network and the set pressure value.
本发明的有益效果是The beneficial effect of the present invention is
(1)维持用水管网的水压稳定；(1) Maintain the water pressure stability of the water pipe network;
(2)系统可以自动/手动运行，在紧急情况可以急停；(2) The system can be operated automatically/manually, and can be stopped in an emergency;
(3)水泵工频/变频工作自动切换，自动倒泵；(3) Automatic switching between power frequency and frequency conversion of water pump, and automatic reverse pump;
(4)手动运行和自动运行都可以使水泵变频运行；(4) Both manual operation and automatic operation can make the water pump operate with frequency conversion;
(5)在无用水需要时系统可以实现睡眠功能，在有用水需求后系统自动唤醒；(5) The system can realize the sleep function when there is no water demand, and the system will automatically wake up when there is water demand;
(6)系统运行状态显示及报警。(6) System running status display and alarm.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是PLC控制程序示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of PLC control program;
图2是整体分析图。Figure 2 is the overall analysis diagram.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection of the present invention. scope.
在城市供水时，通过压力控制模型输出PLC控制系统设定的压力值，PLC控制系统将实时管网水压值与系统设定的压力值进行比较，由PLC控制器得出两者差值，随后将控制信息下达给变频器，最终由变频器控制水泵电机的转速升降，实现将水压稳定在设定压力值的效果，达到降低能耗的目的。In urban water supply, the pressure value set by the PLC control system is output through the pressure control model. The PLC control system compares the real-time water pressure value of the pipe network with the pressure value set by the system, and the PLC controller obtains the difference between the two. Then the control information is sent to the frequency converter, and finally the frequency converter controls the speed of the water pump motor to rise and fall, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing the water pressure at the set pressure value and reduce energy consumption.
压力控制模型的建立Establishment of pressure control model
压力控制模型以水厂的供水压力和供水流量以及水塔水位与管网监测点压力的大量历史实测数据为基础，应用混合遗传算法所建立的经验数学表达式，如下式：The pressure control model is based on a large amount of historical measured data of the water supply pressure and flow rate of the water plant, the water level of the water tower and the pressure of the monitoring point of the pipe network, and the empirical mathematical expression established by the hybrid genetic algorithm is as follows:
其中，Q为各水厂流量，hk为各测点压力，Ci,Ajm,Bjp可以通过月流量计算得出。管网压力曲线模型需要满足出厂流量、压力的最优关系以及最不利点压力。根据压力控制模型输出的实时压力曲线，作为PLC控制系统设定压力值。Among them, Q is the flow rate of each water plant, hk is the pressure of each measuring point, Ci, Ajm, and Bjp can be calculated from the monthly flow rate. The pressure curve model of the pipe network needs to meet the optimal relationship between the discharge flow and pressure and the pressure at the most unfavorable point. According to the real-time pressure curve output by the pressure control model, it is used as the PLC control system to set the pressure value.
PLC控制系统的建立Establishment of PLC control system
PLC控制功能强大，可对系统各参数进行监控、调整，并由很强的抗干扰能力和一定的扩容能力，并且具有通讯接口预留，可以实现现代化的城市统一供水调度和监控功能。The PLC control function is powerful, which can monitor and adjust various parameters of the system, and has strong anti-interference ability and certain expansion ability, and has a communication interface reserved, which can realize the unified water supply dispatching and monitoring functions of modern cities.
PLC控制系统主要由变频调速器、PLC控制器、压力传感器和水泵机组这几个部分组成。该系统总体来说可分为三个大部分：信号检测部分、控制机构和执行机构，下面具体说明一下各个部分的作用和工作流程：The PLC control system is mainly composed of frequency converter, PLC controller, pressure sensor and water pump unit. The system can be divided into three parts in general: signal detection part, control mechanism and executive mechanism. The functions and workflow of each part are explained in detail below:
(1)信号检测部分：将供水系统需要检测的信号都反馈给控制系统，如：用水管网实时水压信号、进水缓冲罐液位信号和系统的各个报警信号。用水管网水压信号是使用压力传感器实时反馈采集到的水压值，它是供水系统中最重要的反馈测量信号，这是模拟量信号。(1) Signal detection part: feed back all the signals that need to be detected by the water supply system to the control system, such as: real-time water pressure signal of the water pipe network, liquid level signal of the water inlet buffer tank and various alarm signals of the system. The water pressure signal of the water pipe network is the water pressure value collected by the real-time feedback of the pressure sensor. It is the most important feedback measurement signal in the water supply system, and it is an analog signal.
(2)控制机构：PLC控制器、变频调速器这两个是它的核心，还有其他电控柜元器件。(2) Control mechanism: PLC controller and frequency conversion speed regulator are its core, as well as other electric control cabinet components.
PLC控制器可以说是供水控制系统的核心中的核心。信号检测机构实时反馈来的用水管网水压值、缓冲罐液位值、电机或变频器报警信号这些都需要由PLC进行处理，它对变频调速器下达控制指令，进而由变频器进行PID调节控制水泵电机运行。它还负责人机接口的设定信息、传输通讯接口的信息交换。The PLC controller can be said to be the core of the core of the water supply control system. The water pressure value of the water pipe network, the liquid level value of the buffer tank, and the alarm signal of the motor or frequency converter fed back by the signal detection mechanism in real time need to be processed by the PLC, which issues control commands to the frequency converter, and then the frequency converter performs PID Adjust and control the operation of the water pump motor. It is also responsible for the setting information of the man-machine interface and the information exchange of the transmission communication interface.
变频调速器是系统实现对水泵电机进行调速控制的核心设备，它根据PLC传达来的控制信号和传感器传送上来的实时水压信号对水泵电机进行PID控制和调速。The frequency conversion speed controller is the core equipment for the system to realize the speed regulation control of the water pump motor. It performs PID control and speed regulation on the water pump motor according to the control signal transmitted by the PLC and the real-time water pressure signal transmitted by the sensor.
(3)执行机构：执行机构即3台水泵组，系统送水的任务最终由它们完成。在用水需求最大时，可以将这三台水泵全部投入工频运行。水泵的变频/工频运行和切换控制，由用水需求的紧迫程度，也就是用水管网实时反馈的水压值与设定压力值的压差值来决定。(3) Executive agency: The executive agency is three water pump groups, and the task of system water delivery is finally completed by them. When the demand for water is the greatest, all three water pumps can be put into power frequency operation. The frequency conversion/power frequency operation and switching control of the water pump are determined by the urgency of the water demand, that is, the pressure difference between the real-time feedback water pressure value of the water pipe network and the set pressure value.
本发明基于压力控制模型和PLC控制的精准供水集大数据、机器学习、变频技术、电气技术、现代控制技术于一体。采用该方法供水可以提高供水系统的稳定性和可靠性，同时系统具有良好的节能性，这在能源日益紧缺的今天尤为重要。所以该方法，对于提高供水企业效率、提升人民生活水平、降低能耗等方面具有重要的现实意义。The precise water supply based on the pressure control model and PLC control of the present invention integrates big data, machine learning, frequency conversion technology, electrical technology and modern control technology. Using this method for water supply can improve the stability and reliability of the water supply system, and at the same time, the system has good energy-saving performance, which is especially important today when energy is increasingly scarce. Therefore, this method has important practical significance for improving the efficiency of water supply enterprises, improving people's living standards, and reducing energy consumption.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，仅用于说明本发明的技术方案，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201910953558.4ACN110593355A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | A Water Supply Reducing Energy Consumption Method Based on Pressure Control Model and PLC |
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| CN201910953558.4ACN110593355A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | A Water Supply Reducing Energy Consumption Method Based on Pressure Control Model and PLC |
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| CN201910953558.4APendingCN110593355A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | A Water Supply Reducing Energy Consumption Method Based on Pressure Control Model and PLC |
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