Botulinum toxin injection guiding instrumentTechnical Field
The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to a botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument used for electromyography equipment.
Background
Botulinum toxin is a bacterial exotoxin produced by clostridium botulinum, and is now widely used in clinical treatment fields such as nerve, rehabilitation, and urinary because of its potent nerve-blocking effect.
Botulinum toxin injection is an effective symptomatic treatment for abnormal movements or postures associated with excessive muscle contraction, pain, muscle hypertrophy, or problems associated with autonomic hyperactivity, and can treat various conditions such as blepharospasm, dystonia, tremor tic tremor, and the like.
There are many factors that affect the effectiveness of botulinum toxin injections, of which correct identification and precise localization of the targeted muscle or glandular tissue is most important, with the same dose of botulinum toxin being most effective when injected into the motor endplate concentrated region of the targeted muscle.
At present, there are 4 common injection positioning methods at home and abroad: (1) positioning by bare hands; (2) positioning by electrical stimulation; (3) myoelectric guidance; (4) ultrasound guidance.
The manual positioning is the basic method for botulinum toxin injection treatment, and an injector must be skilled in local musculoskeletal anatomy, muscle physiological functions, common spasm patterns and the like. The manual positioning method comprises a reverse traction method, a connection positioning method and the like, is convenient to operate, does not need auxiliary equipment, and is particularly suitable for superficial large muscles. The method is susceptible to conditions such as obesity, muscular atrophy, local scars and the like, is difficult to finely distinguish complex anatomical structures, and cannot accurately identify the motor endplate concentrated areas. Deep structures and small muscles can be precisely positioned by combining myoelectricity, electrical stimulation or ultrasonic guidance on the basis of freehand positioning.
The electrical stimulation positioning method is commonly used for injection guidance of limb muscles, and is helpful for identifying responsible muscles causing motor dysfunction through motion pattern comparison. Compared with myoelectric guidance, electrical stimulation has the advantage of providing an intuitive muscle contraction response, but also has the phenomenon of muscle recognition error due to volume conduction. When the stimulus causes multiple muscles or non-target muscles to contract, the physician should adjust the position of the needle to clarify the target muscle.
The myoelectric guidance can detect the synchronous myoelectric release condition of the target muscle during active activity, can be used for judging the accuracy of the needle point position, and can also be used for judging spasm responsibility muscles and determining the concentrated area of the motion end plate. Myoelectric guidance has the disadvantage that the co-contraction pattern may cause some adverse effects upon injection into non-primary responsible muscles, and it is difficult to locate responsible muscles when the patient is unable to actively contract. When the curative effect of botulinum toxin treatment is reduced, the muscle myoelectric activity is analyzed to help judge whether spasm mode transformation occurs. In addition, electromyography is also helpful in the diagnosis of early botulinum toxin intoxication.
The ultrasonic positioning method is suitable for muscles with small volume and deep positions, can also be used for precise guidance of injection of non-muscular tissues such as glands and the like, can provide visual images of injection target muscles and adjacent structures, and guides and confirms injection parts. The key point of the technology is that the direction of the ultrasonic probe needs to be cooperated with the puncture direction of the injection needle. The disadvantage is that the excitability of the target muscle cannot be directly reflected.
Different positioning modes have various advantages and limitations in practical application, and the combined use of multiple modes can improve the accuracy of injection guidance, but simultaneously increase the facility, time and other cost required by treatment.
Therefore, there is a particular need for a botulinum toxin injection guide apparatus that solves the above-mentioned existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument which can perform electrical stimulation positioning and myoelectric positioning, and is small, exquisite and portable, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument is characterized by comprising an electronic change-over switch, a filtering sampling amplification unit, a constant current source generation unit, a high voltage generation unit, a muscle sound amplification unit and a power supply unit, wherein the electronic change-over switch is used for switching electrical stimulation positioning and myoelectric positioning, a first input end of the electronic change-over switch is sequentially connected with the filtering sampling amplification unit and the muscle sound amplification unit, a second input end of the electronic change-over switch is sequentially connected with the constant current source generation unit and the high voltage generation unit, a first output end of the electronic change-over switch is connected with a stimulating anode or a reference electrode, a second output end of the electronic change-over switch is connected with a stimulating cathode or a recording electrode, one end of the power supply unit is grounded, and the other end of the power supply unit is respectively connected with the filtering sampling amplification unit, the constant current source generation, The high voltage generating unit is connected with the muscle sound loudspeaking unit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the electronic change-over switch is a double-pole double-throw relay, and a double-pole double-throw relay NA5W-K of Japan high-E.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filtering, sampling and amplifying unit is an FPGA module, and an FPGA chip of an Altera company model number EP1C3T144C8 is used.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the constant current source generating unit is a transformer having a high frequency magnetic loop as a magnetic core.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the high voltage generating unit is a transformer with a core EE 15. In an embodiment of the present invention, the muscle sound speaker unit is a speaker module, which is XLY 4 Ω 3W speaker module available from newsletter.
In one embodiment of the invention, the power supply unit is a wide voltage 9-36V-to-5 V1.2A DC-DC power supply module, and the model of Jinshengyang is URB2405YMD-6WR 3.
Compared with the prior art, the botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument has two functions of electrical stimulation positioning and myoelectric positioning, can be switched by one key in use, is convenient and reliable to use, is very small, exquisite and light, is convenient for clinicians to carry at any time when leaving wards or going out for a doctor, provides accurate, reliable and convenient equipment for patients needing to be treated by injecting the botulinum toxin, and achieves the purpose of the invention.
The features of the present invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the configuration of the botulinum toxin injection guide apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a constant current source generating unit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a high voltage generating unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a botulinum toxin injection guiding apparatus, which includes an electronic switch 10 for switching between electrical stimulation localization and myoelectric localization, a filtering sampling amplification unit 20, a constant current source generation unit 30, a high voltage generation unit 40, a muscle sound amplification unit 50 and a power supply unit 60, wherein a first input end of the electronic switch 10 is sequentially connected to the filtering sampling amplification unit 20 and the muscle sound amplification unit 50, a second input end of the electronic switch 10 is sequentially connected to the constant current source generation unit 30 and the high voltage generation unit 40, a first output end of the electronic switch 10 is connected to a stimulation anode or a reference electrode, a second output end of the electronic switch 10 is connected to a stimulation cathode or a recording electrode, one end of the power supply unit 60 is grounded, and the other end of the power supply unit 60 is respectively connected to the filtering sampling amplification unit 20, the constant current source generation unit 30, the constant current source generation, The high voltage generating unit 40 is connected to the muscle speaker unit 50.
In the present embodiment, the electronic changeover switch 10 is a double-pole double-throw relay, and a double-pole double-throw relay NA5W-K of high-witness japan is used.
The filtering, sampling and amplifying unit 20 is an FPGA module, and an FPGA chip of an Altera company model EP1C3T144C8 is used.
The constant current source generating unit 30 is a transformer having a high frequency magnetic loop as a magnetic core.
The high voltage generating unit 40 is a transformer with core EE 15.
The muscle speaker unit 50 is a horn module, which is XLY 4 Ω 3W horn module available from shich corporation.
The power supply unit 60 is a DC-DC power supply module with wide voltage of 9-36V converted into 5V1.2A, and adopts a DC-DC power supply module with the model number of URB2405YMD-6WR3 of Jinshengyang company.
The operation process of the botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument provided by the invention is as follows:
the botulinum toxin injection guiding instrument provided by the invention can be switched into two working modes through the electronic selector switch 10:
electrical stimulation mode: the output of the constant current source generating unit 30 is used, the needle electrode is inserted into a human body through the matching needle electrode, electrical stimulation is given, current acts on nerves adjacent to the needle electrode to excite the nerves and transmit the nerves to the dominated muscles, the position of the diseased muscles is located by observing the movement of the muscles, and the botulinum toxin is injected into the muscles.
Muscle sound collection mode: the needle electrode is inserted into the target muscle through matching, the action potential of the muscle is collected, the electric signal of the potential is amplified and filtered by the filtering and sampling amplification unit 20 and then transmitted to the muscle sound amplification unit 50, the sound of the action potential is played by the muscle sound amplification unit 50, a doctor judges whether the muscle is pathological change muscle according to the sound, and after the specific muscle position is determined, the needle electrode matching is used for injecting botulinum toxin for treatment.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.