CN110584765B - Double-bone plate for supracondylar fracture of femur - Google Patents

Abstract

A double-bone plate for supracondylar fracture of femur belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical appliances. The technical proposal is as follows: the distal end faces of the femoral condyle outside bone plate and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with a positioning groove, the width of the positioning groove is matched with the diameter of the traction needle, the plate face of the expansion bone plate is provided with a screw hole opposite to the femoral condyle fracture part, the distal ends of the expansion bone plate, the femoral condyle outside bone plate and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively detachably connected, the fixing steel belts are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the femoral condyle, and the two ends of the fixing steel belts are respectively connected with the connecting screw holes of the femoral condyle outside bone plate and the femoral condyle inside bone plate. According to the invention, the traditional positioning after the bone fracture plate is placed is changed into the positioning by the traction needle and then the bone fracture plate is placed to be matched with the traction needle, so that the quick and accurate positioning is realized, the bone fracture plate, the fixing steel belt and the movable fixing piece are expanded, and the problem that the traditional bone fracture plate cannot effectively fix the complex fracture of the femoral condyle is solved.

Description

Double-bone plate for supracondylar fracture of femur

Technical Field

The invention relates to a special-shaped double-bone fracture plate for supracondylar fracture of femur, belonging to the technical field of orthopedic medical appliances.

Background

Supracondylar fractures of the femur are a common type of fracture, and there are many misalignments and overlaps after fractures due to the developed muscles of the thigh. Fracture distal ends often have a tendency to shift inwardly, aligned fractures often have a tendency to shift inwardly, and such shifting and angulation tend to be of concern in the treatment of fractures, correction and prevention. The femoral condyle fracture treatment aims at recovering the lower limb force line, firmly fixing the fracture block and recovering the joint surface to be smooth, and long-term complications such as postoperative deformity healing, joint stiffness and the like are avoided. The anatomical form of the femoral condyle is wide, a single bone plate is difficult to fix, and double bone plates are often required to fix. The traditional operation incision is larger, bleeding is more long in operation time, the traction restorer is needed to carry out minimally invasive restoration fixation, and for fracture with the femoral condyle crushed, the traction needle is placed into the tibial tuberosity often and cannot achieve good restoration effect, so that the traction needle is often needed to be fixed onto the femoral condyle, the placement space of the bone plate on the femoral condyle is reduced, the bone plate cannot be placed at an ideal position, and the operation and fixation effects are affected. So far, the problems of accurately placing a femoral condyle bone plate and effectively fixing a femoral condyle complex fracture are not solved, and the problems are the difficult problems in the femoral condyle fracture operation and need to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the double-bone fracture plate for the supracondylar fracture of the femur, which can accurately position the bone fracture plate when being placed, avoid sliding after the bone fracture plate is positioned, effectively fix the fractures at the two sides and the rear side of the femur, well reset the crushed fracture of the femoral condyle and solve the problem that the traditional bone fracture plate cannot effectively fix the complex fracture of the femoral condyle.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

The utility model provides a double-bone plate for fracture on femoral condyle, it includes femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate, femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate are rectangular shaped plate piece respectively, femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's proximal end is located the femur middle part, femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's distal end is relative with the femoral condyle, femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's rectangular shaped plate piece respectively with femoral condyle outside bone face and femoral condyle inboard bone face laminating, there is the fixed screw on the face of femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate respectively, there is the constant head tank on the distal end face of femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate respectively, the width of constant head tank matches with the diameter of traction needle, the degree of constant head tank is greater than the diameter of traction needle, femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's distal end have the extension bone plate respectively, there is the screw on the face of extension bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's the face is relative with the femoral condyle fracture part, extension bone plate and femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's distal end is the detachable connection respectively, the bone plate is the fixed connection respectively on the face of femoral condyle outside bone plate and femoral condyle inside bone plate and femoral condyle inboard bone plate's medial connection is the steel band is fixed with the side of the bone plate respectively.

Above-mentioned a pair of bone fracture plate for supracondylar fracture of femur, extension bone fracture piece is tenon connection structure respectively with the distal end of femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate and femoral condyle inboard bone fracture plate, has flat jack respectively at the distal end of femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate and femoral condyle inboard bone fracture plate, and there is flat inserted sheet extension bone fracture piece's one end, and width and the thickness of inserted sheet match with the width and the height of jack, and the inserted sheet inserts in the jack, and fastening bolt is inserted sheet and jack fixed connection.

Above-mentioned a pair of bone fracture plate for on femoral condyle fracture, the distal end of extension bone fracture piece and femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate and femoral condyle inboard bone fracture plate is the zigzag interlock connection structure respectively, has a plurality of decurrent zigzag on the distal end face of femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate and femoral condyle inboard bone fracture plate respectively, and one end of extension bone fracture piece has a plurality of decurrent zigzag, and a plurality of decurrent zigzag on the distal end face of femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate and femoral condyle inboard bone fracture plate are crisscross relative interlock connection with the upward zigzag of extension bone fracture piece respectively.

Above-mentioned a pair of coaptation board for fracture on femoral condyle, there are removal groove and removal stationary blade on the face of femoral condyle outside coaptation board and the inboard coaptation board of femoral condyle respectively, the long groove that runs through the face is for the removal groove, the removal groove has the step of undercut respectively along the length direction of femoral condyle outside coaptation board and the inboard coaptation board face of femoral condyle, the length of removal stationary blade is less than the length of removal groove, the width of removal stationary blade and the width phase-match of removal groove, the both sides of removal stationary blade are located the step of removal groove both sides, the both sides bottom surface of removal stationary blade and the step surface of removal groove both sides are sliding fit, the equipartition has fixed screw along length direction on the removal stationary blade.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

According to the invention, the distal ends of the bone plate at the outer side of the femoral condyle and the bone plate at the inner side of the femoral condyle are respectively provided with the positioning grooves, and the positioning grooves are matched with the traction needle, so that the bone plate can be quickly placed and positioned; the distal ends of the femoral condyle outside bone plate and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively connected with a detachable expansion bone fracture piece, and the expansion bone fracture piece can effectively fix the two sides and the rear side of the femoral condyle; the two sides of the middle parts of the femur condyle outside bone plate and the femur condyle inside bone plate are respectively connected with a fixed steel belt, and the fixed steel belts can well reset the femur condyle comminuted fracture; the movable fixing pieces and the movable grooves on the plate surfaces of the bone plate outside the femoral condyle and the bone plate inside the femoral condyle can adjust the positions of the fixing bolts of the bone plate, so that a better fixing effect is achieved.

The invention is the initiative of the bone plate for the femoral condyle, breaks through the traditional thinking and operation method, changes the traditional positioning after the bone plate is placed into the positioning by the traction needle and then the bone plate is placed to be matched with the traction needle, realizes the quick and accurate positioning, can avoid the sliding of the bone plate after the positioning, solves the problem that the traditional bone plate can not effectively fix the complex fracture of the femoral condyle through the structures of the expansion bone plate, the fixing steel belt, the movable fixing sheet and the like, is the innovation of the traditional bone plate for the femoral condyle, achieves extremely satisfactory use effect clinically, and is worthy of popularization and use in industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an expanded bone flap;

FIG. 3 is another schematic structural view of an expanded bone fragment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the use of the fixed steel strip;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the use state of the moving stator.

The figures are labeled as follows: the femoral condyle comprises a femoral condyle 1, a traction bow 2, a traction needle 3, a femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate 4, a fixed screw hole 5, a positioning groove 6, an expansion bone fracture plate 7, an inserting hole 8, an inserting piece 9, a saw tooth 10, a connecting screw hole 11, a fixed steel belt 12, a movable groove 13, a movable fixing piece 14 and a step 15.

Detailed Description

The invention comprises a femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4, a femoral condyle medial bone plate, an expansion bone plate 7, a fixed steel belt 12 and a movable fixing piece 14.

Fig. 1 shows that the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate are respectively strip-shaped plate pieces, the proximal ends of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate are positioned in the middle of femur, the distal ends of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate are opposite to the femoral condyle 1, the strip-shaped plate pieces of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate are respectively attached to the femoral condyle external bone surface and the femoral condyle internal bone surface, and fixing screw holes 5 are respectively formed on the plate surfaces of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate and are used for fixedly connecting the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate with femur.

Fig. 1 shows that the distal end surfaces of the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate are respectively provided with a positioning groove 6, the width of the positioning groove 6 is matched with the diameter of the traction needle 3, and the depth of the positioning groove 6 is larger than the diameter of the traction needle 3. In order to facilitate the traction needle 3 to enter the positioning groove 6, the edges of the two sides of the positioning groove 6 are made into round corners, so that the traction needle 3 can slide into the positioning groove 6 conveniently.

The positioning groove 6 is used for positioning the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate. The implementation method is that firstly, a traction needle 3 is driven into the positioning position of the femoral condyle 1, and then the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are inserted, so that the positioning grooves 6 of the distal end surfaces of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are clamped on the traction needle 3, and the positioning of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate is realized. The structure and the method break through the traditional thinking and operation method, change the traditional positioning after the bone fracture plate is placed into the positioning by the traction needle 3 and then the bone fracture plate is placed to be matched with the traction needle, realize the rapid and accurate positioning, and avoid the sliding of the bone fracture plate after the positioning.

Fig. 1 shows that distal ends of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate are respectively provided with an expansion bone plate 7, a screw hole is formed on the plate surface of the expansion bone plate 7 and is opposite to the fracture part of the femoral condyle 1, and the expansion bone plate 7 is detachably connected with the distal ends of the femoral condyle external bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle internal bone plate respectively. The extension bone fracture piece 7 can enlarge the fixing range of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate, effectively fix the two sides and the rear side of the femoral condyle fracture, the connection position of the extension bone fracture piece 7 can be provided at the left side, the right side and the front end of the distal end of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate 4 and the distal end of the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate, and the extension bone fracture piece 7 is provided with spare parts with a plurality of groups of structures and can be selected and used according to the needs.

The fixed steel belt 12 of fig. 4 and the movable fixing piece 14 of fig. 5 are not shown in fig. 1, and should be selected according to the clinical needs, and may include all the expanded bone fracture piece 7, the fixed steel belt 12 and the movable fixing piece 14, or may include two or a single one thereof, which are not mutually contradicted, and are selected by a doctor according to the needs.

Fig. 2 shows that one connection of the expansion bone flap 7 to the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate is a dovetail connection. The distal ends of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with a flat insertion hole 8, one end of the expansion bone plate 7 is provided with a flat insertion sheet 9, the width and the thickness of the insertion sheet 9 are matched with those of the insertion holes 8, the insertion sheet 9 is inserted into the insertion holes 8, and the insertion sheet 9 is fixedly connected with the insertion holes 8 through fastening bolts. The insert 9 can be of a soft titanium structure, and is directly screwed into a screw for fixation after being drilled by a common drill bit.

Fig. 3 shows that another connection of the expansion bone flap 7 to the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate is a serrated snap connection. The distal end plate surfaces of the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate are respectively provided with a plurality of downward saw teeth 10, one end of the expansion bone plate 7 is provided with a plurality of upward saw teeth 10, and the plurality of downward saw teeth 10 on the distal end plate surfaces of the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate are respectively in staggered opposite occlusion connection with the upward saw teeth 10 of the expansion bone plate.

Fig. 4 shows that the present invention also includes a fixation steel strap 12 for effective fixation of comminuted fracture near the femoral condyle 1. The two sides of the middle parts of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with a connecting screw hole 11, a fixing steel belt 12 is respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the femoral condyle 1, and two ends of the fixing steel belt 12 are respectively connected with the connecting screw holes 11 of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate through fixing bolts.

Fig. 5 shows that, due to the large area of the femoral condyle 1 and the complex fracture, the positions of the fixing screw holes 5 on the plate surfaces of the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate are not necessarily suitable for the fracture fixing positions, and the movement is required, which is difficult to achieve in the original bone plate. The invention respectively arranges the movable groove 13 and the movable fixing piece 14 on the plate surfaces of the femur condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femur condyle inside bone plate so as to solve the problem of fixed position movement. The movable groove 13 is a long groove penetrating through the plate surface, the movable groove 13 is provided with downward sunken steps 15 along the length direction of the plate surface of the bone plate 4 outside the femoral condyle and the plate surface of the bone plate inside the femoral condyle respectively, the length of the movable fixing piece 14 is smaller than that of the movable groove 13, the width of the movable fixing piece 14 is matched with that of the movable groove 13, the movable fixing piece 14 is embedded into the movable groove 13, two sides of the movable fixing piece 14 are positioned on the steps 15 on two sides of the movable groove 13, the bottom surfaces on two sides of the movable fixing piece 14 are in sliding fit with the surfaces of the steps 15 on two sides of the movable groove 13, the movable fixing piece 14 can move along the movable groove 13, and fixing screw holes 5 are uniformly distributed on the movable fixing piece 14 along the length direction. With such a structure, when the fixing position is required to be changed in clinic, the movable fixing piece 14 can move along the movable groove 13, so that the position of the fixing screw hole 5 meets the requirement of clinical fixing.

The application method of the invention is as follows:

The traction bow 2 is firstly used for treating the traction needle 3 at the femoral condyle 1 and the anterior superior iliac spine, and the traction reduction fracture is closed. The femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are inserted from two sides of the femoral condyle 1 simultaneously by using a holder, so that the traction needle 3 is clamped by the positioning grooves 6 at the distal ends of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate, the positioning of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate is realized, and then the femoral condyle inside bone plate and the femoral condyle 1 are pressurized and fixed by using fixing screws.

For patients with fractures of both the femoral condyles and the posterior side, the expansion bone flap 7 may be used for fixation as needed. The expansion bone fracture plate 7 is provided with a plurality of groups of spare parts which are connected at the left side, the right side and the front end of the distal end of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate, and can be selected and used according to the needs.

For comminuted fractures in the vicinity of the femoral condyle 1, the fixation steel strap 12 may be used for effective fixation. The two ends of the fixing steel belt 12 are respectively connected with the connecting screw holes 11 of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate through fixing bolts, and the fixing steel belt 12 is respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the femoral condyle 1 to fix the comminuted fracture part in a surrounding way.

In clinic, if the positions of the fixing screw holes 5 on the plate surfaces of the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate are not suitable for fracture fixing positions, when the femoral condyle lateral bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle medial bone plate with the moving groove 13 and the moving fixing piece 14 are required to move, the moving fixing piece 14 can move along the moving groove 13, so that the positions of the fixing screw holes 5 meet the requirement of clinical fixation.

One embodiment of the invention is as follows:

The length of the femoral condyle outside bone plate 4 and the femoral condyle inside bone plate is 150-400mm, and the width is 30-50mm;

the width of the positioning groove 6 is 4mm, and the depth is 4mm;

The length of the expansion bone fracture piece 7 is 30mm, the width is 25mm, the width of the jack 8 is 4mm, and the height is 18mm;

the width of the fixed steel strip 12 is 4mm;

the length of the moving groove 13 is 60mm and the width is 20mm;

the length of the moving stator 14 is 35mm and the width is 19mm.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a two bone plates for fracture on femoral condyle, it includes femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate, femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate are rectangular shaped plate piece respectively, the proximal end of femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate is located the femur middle part, the distal end of femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate is relative with femoral condyle (1), rectangular shaped plate piece of femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate is laminated with femoral condyle outside bone face and femoral condyle inboard bone face respectively, there is fixed screw (5) on the face of femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate respectively, its characterized in that: the distal end faces of the femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with a positioning groove (6), the width of the positioning groove (6) is matched with the diameter of the traction needle (3), the depth of the positioning groove (6) is larger than the diameter of the traction needle (3), the distal ends of the femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with an expansion bone plate (7), the plate surfaces of the expansion bone plates (7) are provided with screw holes opposite to fracture parts of the femoral condyles (1), the distal ends of the expansion bone plates (7) and the femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively detachably connected, the two sides of the middle parts of the femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone plate are respectively provided with connecting screw holes (11), the two ends of the fixing steel belt (12) are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone plate through fixing bolts;

The utility model discloses a femoral condyle outside bone plate, all there is removal groove (13) and removal stationary blade (14) on the face of femoral condyle inboard bone plate, remove groove (13) for the elongated slot that runs through the face, remove groove (13) along the length direction of femoral condyle outside bone plate (4) and femoral condyle inboard bone plate face, the both sides upper edge of removal groove (13) has step (15) of undercut respectively, the length of removal stationary blade (14) is less than the length of removal groove (13), the width of removal stationary blade (14) matches with the width of removal groove (13), the both sides of removal stationary blade (14) are located step (15) of removal groove (13) both sides, the both sides bottom surface of removal stationary blade (14) is sliding fit with step (15) surface in removal groove (13) both sides.

2. The dual bone plate for supracondylar fractures of the femur of claim 1, wherein: the extension bone fracture piece (7) is respectively the tenon connection structure with the distal ends of the outer bone fracture plate (4) of the femoral condyle and the inner bone fracture plate of the femoral condyle, the flat insertion holes (8) are respectively arranged at the distal ends of the outer bone fracture plate (4) of the femoral condyle and the inner bone fracture plate of the femoral condyle, one end of the extension bone fracture piece (7) is provided with the flat insertion piece (9), the width and the thickness of the insertion piece (9) are matched with the width and the height of the insertion holes (8), the insertion piece (9) is inserted into the insertion holes (8), and the fastening bolts are used for fixedly connecting the insertion piece (9) with the insertion holes (8).

3. The dual bone plate for supracondylar fractures of the femur of claim 1, wherein: the extension bone fracture plate (7) is of a sawtooth occlusion connection structure with the distal ends of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate respectively, a plurality of downward sawteeth (10) are arranged on the distal end plate surfaces of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate respectively, one end of the extension bone fracture plate (7) is provided with a plurality of upward sawteeth (10), and the downward sawteeth (10) on the distal end plate surfaces of the femoral condyle outside bone fracture plate (4) and the femoral condyle inside bone fracture plate are in staggered opposite occlusion connection with the upward sawteeth (10) of the extension bone fracture plate (7) respectively.