技术领域technical field
本发明涉及能源控制技术领域，更具体地，涉及可调控非共沸制冷剂的热泵系统及系统优化方法。The invention relates to the technical field of energy control, and more specifically, to a heat pump system and a system optimization method capable of regulating non-azeotropic refrigerants.
背景技术Background technique
热泵系统日益成熟，常规热泵系统有四部分组成：压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器。在这四部分中，向室内供应的热量为高温高压的工质在冷凝器中释放的热量，并受蒸发器侧蒸发压力影响。在传统采用单工质的热泵系统中，由于在外界环境温度降低时蒸发压力随之降低，造成向室内供应的热量急剧衰减，且在不同环境温度下室内热负荷与热泵负荷仅有唯一的平衡点，不能满足在不同环境温度下不同的平衡点，这不仅造成能源的浪费，还不利于人体舒适性的提高。The heat pump system is becoming more and more mature. The conventional heat pump system consists of four parts: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. In these four parts, the heat supplied to the room is the heat released by the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid in the condenser, and is affected by the evaporation pressure on the evaporator side. In the traditional heat pump system using single working fluid, since the evaporation pressure decreases when the external ambient temperature decreases, the heat supplied to the room is rapidly attenuated, and there is only a unique balance between the indoor heat load and the heat pump load under different ambient temperatures point, can not meet the different balance points under different ambient temperatures, which not only causes waste of energy, but also is not conducive to the improvement of human comfort.
因此，如何在不同环境温度下维持室内环境的热量平衡，是本领域技术人员的研究方向。Therefore, how to maintain the heat balance of the indoor environment under different ambient temperatures is a research direction for those skilled in the art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为克服上述现有技术所述的至少一种缺陷，提供可调控非共沸制冷剂的热泵系统及系统优化方法，利用非共沸工质结合组分调控装置，提升工质的传热性能及减少热泵系统的平均换热温差，使工质温度与热源温度具有更高的匹配度，从而减少系统的损。In order to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a heat pump system and a system optimization method that can control the non-azeotropic refrigerant, and uses the non-azeotropic working medium combined with the component control device to improve the heat transfer of the working medium performance and reduce the average heat transfer temperature difference of the heat pump system, so that the temperature of the working fluid and the temperature of the heat source have a higher matching degree, thereby reducing the system's damage.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：可调控非共沸制冷剂的热泵系统，包括有依次连接组成回路的压缩机、分液冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器，其中，分液冷凝器与蒸发器和压缩机之间设置气液分离系统。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a heat pump system that can control the non-azeotropic refrigerant, including a compressor, a liquid separator condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator that are sequentially connected to form a circuit, wherein the liquid separator A gas-liquid separation system is arranged between the condenser, the evaporator and the compressor.
在一个实施方式中，气液分离系统设有分液支路，所述分液支路包括有气液分离器，所述气液分离器与分液冷凝器之间设有通路，所述气液分离器的饱和液相工质出口与蒸发器之间设有通路，所述气液分离器的饱和气相工质出口与压缩机之间设有通路。In one embodiment, the gas-liquid separation system is provided with a liquid separation branch, and the liquid separation branch includes a gas-liquid separator, and a passage is provided between the gas-liquid separator and the liquid separation condenser. A passage is provided between the saturated liquid-phase working medium outlet of the liquid separator and the evaporator, and a passage is provided between the saturated gas-phase working medium outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the compressor.
压缩机、分液冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器依次连接形成通路，组分调控系统的分液支路连通分液冷凝器和蒸发器，分液支路的气液分离器对分液冷凝器中的非共沸工质进行气液分离，利用气液分离装置使得系统可以随着外界环境温度和负荷的变化改变换热器中工质的组分，增加热泵系统对环境的适应性，还能减少了热泵系统可用能的损失，降低能耗，提高能源利用效率。The compressor, the liquid separator condenser, the expansion valve, and the evaporator are connected in sequence to form a passage, the liquid separation branch of the component control system is connected to the liquid separation condenser and the evaporator, and the gas-liquid separator of the liquid separation branch is connected to the liquid separation condenser The non-azeotropic working medium in the heat pump is used for gas-liquid separation, and the gas-liquid separation device enables the system to change the composition of the working medium in the heat exchanger with the change of the external environment temperature and load, which increases the adaptability of the heat pump system to the environment, and also It can reduce the loss of available energy of the heat pump system, reduce energy consumption, and improve energy utilization efficiency.
在一个实施方式中，气液分离器与分液冷凝器之间的通路设有膨胀阀。In one embodiment, the passage between the gas-liquid separator and the liquid separation condenser is provided with an expansion valve.
在一个实施方式中，气液分离器的饱和液相工质出口与蒸发器之间的通路设有膨胀阀。In one embodiment, an expansion valve is provided in the passage between the saturated liquid phase working medium outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the evaporator.
优选地，分液支路设有三组，热泵系统还设有气体混合装置，三组所述分液支路的气液分离器的饱和气相工质出口与气体混合装置之间设有通路，气体混合装置与压缩机之间设有通路。Preferably, there are three groups of liquid separation branches, and the heat pump system is also provided with a gas mixing device, and a passage is provided between the saturated gas phase working medium outlet of the gas-liquid separator of the three groups of liquid separation branches and the gas mixing device, and the gas A passage is provided between the mixing device and the compressor.
优选地，气体混合装置为气罐。Preferably, the gas mixing device is a gas tank.
在一个实施方式中，压缩机为具有补气增焓功能的压缩机，设有低压级吸气口与中间补气口。In one embodiment, the compressor is a compressor with the function of supplementing air to increase enthalpy, and is provided with a low-pressure stage suction port and an intermediate gas supplementing port.
优选地，分液冷凝器包括有联箱，联箱设有分液隔板和分液出口，分液出口连接调节管，调节管连接分液支路。Preferably, the liquid separation condenser includes a header, the header is provided with a liquid separation partition and a liquid separation outlet, the liquid separation outlet is connected to a regulating pipe, and the regulating pipe is connected to a liquid separation branch.
热泵系统优化方法，其中，包括有以下步骤：A heat pump system optimization method, which includes the following steps:
S1：在热泵系统中的分液冷凝器与蒸发器之间设置气液分离系统；S1: Install a gas-liquid separation system between the liquid separator condenser and the evaporator in the heat pump system;
S2：分液冷凝器中饱和液相工质进入气液分离系统，分液冷凝器中的饱和气相工质继续在分液冷凝器中冷凝；S2: The saturated liquid-phase working medium in the liquid-separating condenser enters the gas-liquid separation system, and the saturated gas-phase working medium in the liquid-separating condenser continues to condense in the liquid-separating condenser;
S3：饱和液相工质经过膨胀降压后，部分工质气化成饱和气相工质，饱和气相工质与饱和液相工质进入气液分离器；S3: After the saturated liquid-phase working medium is expanded and depressurized, part of the working medium is gasified into a saturated gas-phase working medium, and the saturated gas-phase working medium and saturated liquid-phase working medium enter the gas-liquid separator;
S4：在气液分离器中，饱和气相工质与饱和液相工质分离，饱和气相工质流动至压缩机中间补气口，而饱和液相工质流动至蒸发器。S4: In the gas-liquid separator, the saturated gas-phase working medium is separated from the saturated liquid-phase working medium, the saturated gas-phase working medium flows to the air supply port in the middle of the compressor, and the saturated liquid-phase working medium flows to the evaporator.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下特点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:
本发明方案通过利用非共沸工质，结合组分调控系统，利用气液分离装置使得系统可以随着外界环境温度和负荷的变化改变换热器中工质的组分。通过改变非共沸工质组分的配比来提升工质的传热性能及减少热泵系统的平均换热温差，使工质温度与热源温度具有更高的匹配度，从而减少热泵系统的损。增加热泵系统对环境的适应性，同时减少热泵系统可用能的损失，降低能耗，提高能源利用效率，提高热泵系统运行的经济性和季节能效比，促进热泵系统的节能发展。The solution of the present invention utilizes a non-azeotropic working medium, combines with a component control system, and utilizes a gas-liquid separation device so that the system can change the components of the working medium in the heat exchanger as the external environment temperature and load change. Improve the heat transfer performance of the working fluid and reduce the average heat transfer temperature difference of the heat pump system by changing the proportion of the non-azeotropic working fluid components, so that the temperature of the working fluid and the temperature of the heat source have a higher matching degree, thereby reducing the heat pump system. damage. Increase the adaptability of the heat pump system to the environment, reduce the loss of available energy of the heat pump system, reduce energy consumption, improve energy utilization efficiency, improve the economy and seasonal energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system operation, and promote the energy-saving development of the heat pump system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中系统整体示意图。Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the system in the embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例中系统整体示意图。Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the system in the embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施例中分液冷凝器示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid separation condenser in an embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明实施例中调节管及联箱结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating pipe and the header in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本发明的限制；为了更好说明本实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。附图中描述位置关系仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本发明的限制。The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in order to better illustrate this embodiment, certain components in the accompanying drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art It is understandable that some well-known structures and descriptions thereof may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationship described in the drawings is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
本发明实施例的附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件；在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，若有术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar symbols correspond to the same or similar components; The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, use a specific Orientation structure and operation, therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and should not be construed as limitations on this patent. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图1所示，本发明提供可调控非共沸制冷剂的热泵系统，压缩机101、分液冷凝器102、膨胀阀103、蒸发器104之间依次连接形成回路，分液冷凝器102与蒸发器104和压缩机101之间设置气液分离系统，气液分离系统设有分液支路，分液支路包括有气液分离器106，分液冷凝器102中的部分工质组进入气液分离器106，通过调节进入分液支路的饱和液相工质的组分和流量，从而使分液冷凝器102内剩余工质的组分发生变化，改变其物性参数，并提升了工质干度，最终有效提高分液冷凝器102的换热能力。As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a heat pump system that can control the non-azeotropic refrigerant, the compressor 101, the liquid separator condenser 102, the expansion valve 103, and the evaporator 104 are sequentially connected to form a circuit, and the liquid separator condenser 102 and A gas-liquid separation system is set between the evaporator 104 and the compressor 101. The gas-liquid separation system is provided with a liquid separation branch, and the liquid separation branch includes a gas-liquid separator 106, and part of the working medium in the liquid separation condenser 102 enters The gas-liquid separator 106, by adjusting the composition and flow rate of the saturated liquid-phase working medium entering the liquid separation branch, changes the composition of the remaining working medium in the liquid separation condenser 102, changes its physical parameters, and improves the The dryness of the working fluid can finally effectively improve the heat exchange capacity of the liquid separation condenser 102 .
气液分离器106与分液冷凝器102之间设有带有膨胀阀105的通路，气液分离器106对工质组分进行气液分离，气液分离器106设有两个出口，分别为饱和气相工质出口和饱和液相工质出口。A passage with an expansion valve 105 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 106 and the liquid-separating condenser 102. The gas-liquid separator 106 performs gas-liquid separation of the working fluid components. The gas-liquid separator 106 is provided with two outlets, respectively It is the saturated gas phase working medium outlet and the saturated liquid phase working medium outlet.
气液分离器106的饱和液相工质出口与蒸发器104之间设有带有膨胀阀107的通路，气液分离器106的饱和气相工质出口与压缩机101之间设有通路，饱和气相工质经进入压缩机101。A passage with an expansion valve 107 is provided between the saturated liquid-phase working medium outlet of the gas-liquid separator 106 and the evaporator 104, and a passage is provided between the saturated gas-phase working medium outlet of the gas-liquid separator 106 and the compressor 101. The working fluid in the gas phase enters the compressor 101.
本实施例中，压缩机101设有低压级吸气口与中间补气口，具有补气增焓功能。In this embodiment, the compressor 101 is provided with a low-pressure stage suction port and an intermediate air supply port, which has the function of supplementing air and increasing enthalpy.
在分液冷凝器102中，刚进入分液冷凝器102的过热工质会先冷却到相对应的饱和温度，紧接着开始冷凝成饱和液相工质，在分液冷凝器102的初端中由于高沸点工质的沸点较高，所以会先冷凝成液相，而低沸点工质由于沸点低，在冷凝器初端中的冷凝量少，先冷凝出来的液相工质中高沸点工质的组分占比较大。随着冷凝过程的推进，低沸点工质的冷凝量也逐渐增加，此时所占有的低沸点组分比重也逐渐增大。因此通过合理布置各分液出口的位置，将完成换热的饱和液相工质进行定量抽离，可以改变分液冷凝器102中剩余部分的工质组分，并通过调节各分液出口膨胀阀的开度调节抽液流量，最终实现组分调节的目的。In the liquid separation condenser 102, the superheated working fluid that has just entered the liquid separation condenser 102 will be cooled to the corresponding saturation temperature first, and then begin to condense into a saturated liquid phase working medium. In the initial end of the liquid separation condenser 102 Since the high boiling point refrigerant has a higher boiling point, it will condense into a liquid phase first, while the low boiling point refrigerant has a low boiling point, so the amount of condensation in the initial end of the condenser is small, and the high boiling point refrigerant in the liquid phase refrigerant that condenses first The proportion of components is relatively large. With the advancement of the condensation process, the condensed amount of the low-boiling-point working fluid also gradually increases, and the proportion of the low-boiling-point components at this time also gradually increases. Therefore, by rationally arranging the positions of the liquid-separating outlets, quantitatively extracting the saturated liquid-phase working fluid that has completed the heat exchange, the working fluid components in the remaining part of the liquid-separating condenser 102 can be changed, and by adjusting the expansion of each liquid-separating outlet The opening of the valve adjusts the pumping flow, and finally achieves the purpose of component adjustment.
热泵系统优化方法，其中，包括有以下步骤：A heat pump system optimization method, which includes the following steps:
S1：在热泵系统中的分液冷凝器与蒸发器之间设置气液分离系统；S1: Install a gas-liquid separation system between the liquid separator condenser and the evaporator in the heat pump system;
S2：分液冷凝器中饱和液相工质进入气液分离系统，分液冷凝器中的饱和气相工质继续在分液冷凝器中冷凝；S2: The saturated liquid-phase working medium in the liquid-separating condenser enters the gas-liquid separation system, and the saturated gas-phase working medium in the liquid-separating condenser continues to condense in the liquid-separating condenser;
S3：饱和液相工质经过膨胀降压后，部分工质气化成饱和气相工质，饱和气相工质与饱和液相工质进入气液分离器；S3: After the saturated liquid-phase working medium is expanded and depressurized, part of the working medium is gasified into a saturated gas-phase working medium, and the saturated gas-phase working medium and saturated liquid-phase working medium enter the gas-liquid separator;
S4：在气液分离器中，饱和气相工质与饱和液相工质分离，饱和气相工质流动至压缩机中间补气口，而饱和液相工质流动至蒸发器，实现热泵系统循环。S4: In the gas-liquid separator, the saturated gas-phase working medium is separated from the saturated liquid-phase working medium, and the saturated gas-phase working medium flows to the air supply port in the middle of the compressor, while the saturated liquid-phase working medium flows to the evaporator to realize the circulation of the heat pump system.
实施例2：Example 2:
如图2所示，本发明提供可调控非共沸制冷剂的热泵系统，压缩机101、分液冷凝器102、膨胀阀、蒸发器104之间依次连接形成回路，热泵系统包括有组分调控系统，组分调控系统设有三组分液支路，分液支路包括有气液分离器106，分液冷凝器102中的部分工质组分进入气液分离器106，通过调节进入分液支路的饱和液相工质的组分和流量，从而使分液冷凝器102内剩余工质的组分发生变化，改变其物性参数，并提升了工质干度，最终有效提高分液冷凝器102的换热能力。As shown in Figure 2, the present invention provides a heat pump system that can control the non-azeotropic refrigerant. The compressor 101, the liquid separation condenser 102, the expansion valve, and the evaporator 104 are sequentially connected to form a circuit. The heat pump system includes a component control system, the component control system is provided with a three-component liquid branch, and the liquid separation branch includes a gas-liquid separator 106, and part of the working fluid components in the liquid separation condenser 102 enters the gas-liquid separator 106, and enters the liquid separation through adjustment. The composition and flow rate of the saturated liquid-phase working medium in the branch, so that the composition of the remaining working medium in the liquid separation condenser 102 changes, changes its physical parameters, and improves the dryness of the working medium, and finally effectively improves the separation and condensation The heat exchange capacity of the device 102.
如图3和如图4所示，分液冷凝器102包括有联箱11，联箱11设有分液隔板12，联箱11上设有工质组分的出口14和入口15，同时还设有三个分液出口，每个分液出口均连接调节管13，通过调节管13管径大小的调节来调节分液出口的饱和液相工质组分的流量，每个调节管13分别连接一组分液支路，三组分液支路协同对分液冷凝器102中的工质组分进行分流，改变冷凝器内剩余工质组分和提高工质干度。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the liquid separation condenser 102 includes a header 11, the header 11 is provided with a liquid separator 12, the header 11 is provided with an outlet 14 and an inlet 15 of the working medium component, and at the same time Also be provided with three liquid-separating outlets, each liquid-separating outlet is connected to the regulating pipe 13, and the flow rate of the saturated liquid-phase working medium component of the liquid-separating outlet is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the regulating pipe 13, and each regulating pipe 13 is respectively The one-component liquid branch is connected, and the three-component liquid branch cooperates to divide the working fluid components in the liquid separation condenser 102, so as to change the remaining working fluid components in the condenser and improve the dryness of the working fluid.
气液分离器106与分液冷凝器102之间设有带有膨胀阀105的通路，气液分离器106对工质组分进行气液分离，气液分离器106含有两个出口，分别为饱和气相工质出口和饱和液相工质出口。A passage with an expansion valve 105 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 106 and the liquid-separating condenser 102. The gas-liquid separator 106 performs gas-liquid separation of the working fluid components. The gas-liquid separator 106 contains two outlets, respectively A saturated gas phase working medium outlet and a saturated liquid phase working medium outlet.
气液分离器106的饱和液相工质出口与蒸发器104之间设有带有膨胀阀107的通路，三组分液支路中的气液分离器106均与气体混合装置114之间设有通路，或，也可以在每组分液支路中分别设置一个气体混合装置114，三组分液支路对应三个气体混合装置114。A passage with an expansion valve 107 is provided between the outlet of the saturated liquid phase working medium of the gas-liquid separator 106 and the evaporator 104, and a passage with an expansion valve 107 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 106 in the three-component liquid branch and the gas mixing device 114. There is a passage, or one gas mixing device 114 may be provided in each component liquid branch, and the three component liquid branches correspond to three gas mixing devices 114 .
气液分离器106对工质组分分离后产生的饱和液相工质和饱和气相工质分别进入蒸发器104和气体混合装置114，气体混合装置114与压缩机101之间设有通路，饱和气相工质经气体混合装置114缓冲进入压缩机101。The saturated liquid-phase working medium and saturated gas-phase working medium produced after the gas-liquid separator 106 separates the working medium components respectively enter the evaporator 104 and the gas mixing device 114, and a passage is provided between the gas mixing device 114 and the compressor 101, and the saturated The working fluid in the gas phase is buffered into the compressor 101 through the gas mixing device 114 .
气体混合装置114为气罐，气罐对气液分离器106分离出的饱和气相工质进行混合，将饱和气相工质导入压缩机101。The gas mixing device 114 is a gas tank, which mixes the saturated gas-phase working medium separated by the gas-liquid separator 106 and introduces the saturated gas-phase working medium into the compressor 101 .
本实施例中，压缩机101设有低压级吸气口与中间补气口，具有补气增焓功能。In this embodiment, the compressor 101 is provided with a low-pressure stage suction port and an intermediate air supply port, which has the function of supplementing air and increasing enthalpy.
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910709078.3ACN110579043A (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2019-08-01 | Heat pump system and system optimization method with controllable zeotropic refrigerant |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910709078.3ACN110579043A (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2019-08-01 | Heat pump system and system optimization method with controllable zeotropic refrigerant |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110579043Atrue CN110579043A (en) | 2019-12-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910709078.3APendingCN110579043A (en) | 2019-08-01 | 2019-08-01 | Heat pump system and system optimization method with controllable zeotropic refrigerant |
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| CN (1) | CN110579043A (en) |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20191217 |