技术领域technical field
本发明应用于造纸领域，具体为一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术。The invention is applied to the field of papermaking, and specifically relates to a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper.
背景技术Background technique
纸是人类生活、学习及工作中不可缺少的重要资源。随着现代科学技术的发展及人们生活水平的不断提高，对纸张的的使用要求日益增加，纸的应用范围也越来越广。有些纸种要求在有水的作用下或者在水中应用和加工，如海图纸、滤纸、医用吸液纸、生活用纸、装饰原纸等，需要在纸张在接触汗水、浸胶、印刷或经淋雨后仍能保持完整、不变形并具有原纸的使用性能，这就需要纸张具有很高的湿强度，常用提高湿强度的方式有，提高湿强剂的加入量、提高原料的打浆度和根据湿强剂的种类优选纤维原料。Paper is an indispensable and important resource in human life, study and work. With the development of modern science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for the use of paper are increasing, and the application scope of paper is also becoming wider and wider. Some types of paper are required to be applied and processed in the presence of water or in water, such as sea charts, filter paper, medical absorbent paper, tissue paper, decorative base paper, etc. After rain, it can remain intact, not deformed, and has the performance of base paper, which requires paper to have high wet strength. The commonly used ways to improve wet strength include increasing the amount of wet strength agent added, increasing the beating degree of raw materials, and The kind of wet strength agent is preferably a fiber raw material.
但是湿强剂的加量，并不是用量越多，湿强度提升越明显，当用量到达一定程度后，湿强度增加便趋于缓慢，浆料系统的电位也由原来的负值变为正值，其留着率降低，湿强剂的吸附作用便开始降低。超过正常用量，会随着湿强剂的增加，浆中正电荷增大，会导致浆料絮凝，严重影响生产。因此，湿强剂的加量有一个峰值，这个峰值根据系统的不同，也会有明显的变化，另外，打浆度的提高虽会提高纸张的湿强度，但会对纸张其他性能有所改变，如柔软度、吸水性等。因此，实际生产中，需根据纸张的特性考虑打浆度对纸张湿强度的影响。However, the amount of wet strength agent added does not mean that the more the amount used, the more obvious the increase in wet strength. When the dosage reaches a certain level, the increase in wet strength tends to be slow, and the potential of the slurry system also changes from the original negative value to a positive value. , the retention rate decreases, and the adsorption of wet strength agent begins to decrease. Exceeding the normal dosage will cause the positive charge in the pulp to increase with the increase of wet strength agent, which will cause the pulp to flocculate and seriously affect the production. Therefore, the amount of wet strength agent added has a peak value, which varies significantly depending on the system. In addition, although the increase in beating degree will improve the wet strength of the paper, it will change other properties of the paper. Such as softness, water absorption, etc. Therefore, in actual production, the effect of beating degree on the wet strength of the paper should be considered according to the characteristics of the paper.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提出一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：The purpose of the present invention is to propose a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，包括以下步骤：A production technology for improving wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, comprising the following steps:
（1）将纤维原料和羧甲基纤维素钠溶液混合后进行打浆操作，然后加入占绝干浆量0~35%的填料；(1) Mix the fiber raw material and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution for beating, and then add fillers that account for 0~35% of the absolute dry pulp;
（2）将上述混合浆料稀释后加入助剂，进行上网成形处理；(2) Add additives after diluting the above mixed slurry, and carry out online forming treatment;
（3）之后依次经过压榨脱水、干燥、卷取、分切处理既得。(3) After that, it is obtained by pressing and dehydrating, drying, coiling and slitting in sequence.
优选的，所述纤维原料包括漂白针叶木浆、漂白阔叶木浆、未漂白针叶木浆、未漂白阔叶木浆、麻浆中的一种或多种。Preferably, the fiber raw material includes one or more of bleached softwood pulp, bleached hardwood pulp, unbleached softwood pulp, unbleached hardwood pulp, and hemp pulp.
优选的，所述羧甲基纤维素钠溶液的质量浓度为4-6%，其中羧甲基纤维素钠加入量为3-6kg/t纸。Preferably, the mass concentration of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 4-6%, wherein the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 3-6 kg/t paper.
优选的，所述填料包括碳酸钙、滑石粉、钛白粉、膨润土、硅藻土、粉煤灰、硅灰石、水滑石中的一种或多种。Preferably, the filler includes one or more of calcium carbonate, talc, titanium dioxide, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, fly ash, wollastonite, and hydrotalcite.
优选的，所述助剂为聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂（PAE）、聚氧化乙烯、阳离子淀粉、聚乙烯醇和消泡剂中的一种或多种，其中PAE加入量40-60kg/t纸；聚氧化乙烯加入量位绝干浆量的0.2-0.8%；阳离子淀粉加入量为加入量为4-6kg/t纸；消泡剂加入量1.0-3.0kg/t纸；聚乙烯醇加入量为40-60kg/t纸。Preferably, the auxiliary agent is one or more of polyamide polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin (PAE), polyethylene oxide, cationic starch, polyvinyl alcohol and defoamer, wherein the amount of PAE added is 40-60kg/ t paper; the amount of polyethylene oxide added is 0.2-0.8% of the absolute dry pulp amount; the amount of cationic starch added is 4-6kg/t paper; the amount of defoamer added is 1.0-3.0kg/t paper; polyvinyl alcohol The added amount is 40-60kg/t paper.
优选的，所述步骤（2）中稀释浓度为0.05-0.6%。Preferably, the dilution concentration in the step (2) is 0.05-0.6%.
优选的，所述步骤（3）中压榨脱水的压榨压力为0.2-0.4MPa。Preferably, the pressing pressure for pressing and dehydrating in the step (3) is 0.2-0.4 MPa.
优选的，所述步骤（3）中干燥温度为70-110℃。Preferably, the drying temperature in the step (3) is 70-110°C.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明是在湿法抄造中采用，在打浆过程中加入羧甲基纤维素钠，其参与浆料的疏解或磨浆过程，可以明显提高纸张的湿抗张强度。同时还能有效改善某些对湿抗张强度要求较高的纸张由于加添较多的湿强剂而导致的浆料絮凝问题。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is adopted in wet papermaking, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added in the beating process, which participates in the dispersing or refining process of the pulp, which can significantly improve the performance of the pulp. Wet tensile strength of paper. At the same time, it can effectively improve the pulp flocculation problem caused by adding more wet strength agents to some papers that require high wet tensile strength.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结 合权利要求和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说 明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以 相互组合。In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the claims and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below. example limitations.
实施例1Example 1
本发明提供一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, comprising the following steps:
（1）将纤维原料和羧甲基纤维素钠溶液进行混合打浆操作，所述纤维原料由漂白针叶木浆100%组成，漂白针叶木浆浓度为3%，功率90KW，打浆时间30min，羧甲基纤维素钠溶液的质量浓度为6%，其中羧甲基纤维素钠加入量为6kg/t纸。(1) Mixing and beating the fiber raw material and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, the fiber raw material is composed of 100% bleached softwood pulp, the concentration of bleached softwood pulp is 3%, the power is 90KW, the beating time is 30min, the carboxymethyl The mass concentration of the sodium cellulose solution is 6%, and the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 6kg/t paper.
（2）将上述混合浆料稀释至质量浓度为0.1%，依次加入聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂PAE加入量60kg/t纸；聚氧化乙烯PEO加入量0.8%（绝干浆量），浓度0.05%；消泡剂1.0kg/t纸，进行上网处理，其中上网浓度为0.4%。(2) The above-mentioned mixed slurry was diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1%, and the addition amount of polyamide polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin PAE was 60kg/t paper in turn; the addition amount of polyethylene oxide PEO was 0.8% (absolute dry pulp amount), The concentration is 0.05%; the defoaming agent is 1.0kg/t paper, and the Internet is processed, and the concentration of the Internet is 0.4%.
（3）之后经过压榨脱水和干燥处理，其中压榨脱水的控制参数为：压榨辊及托辊压力分别为0.3MPa和0.1MPa，干燥处理的控制参数为：圆网机台共两个扬克缸，温度分别为110℃、100℃，得到含水量为3.5%的干纸页；之后将干纸页依次卷取、分切既得。(3) After pressing and dehydration and drying, the control parameters of pressing and dehydration are: the pressure of the press roll and the idler are 0.3MPa and 0.1MPa respectively, and the control parameters of the drying treatment are: a total of two Yankee cylinders on the rotary screen machine. , the temperatures were 110°C and 100°C, respectively, to obtain dry paper sheets with a water content of 3.5%; then the dry paper sheets were rolled and slitted in turn.
本实施例获得的卷烟配套用纸的性能为：定量42.2g/m2，厚度127μm，纵向抗张强度0.638kN/m，纵向伸长率2.9%，纵向抗张能量吸收13.1J/m2，透气度15941CU，吸液高度63mm/min，湿抗张强度0.203kN/m，吸液量3.01g/g。The properties of the cigarette supporting paper obtained in this example are: basis weight 42.2 g/m2 , thickness 127 μm, longitudinal tensile strength 0.638 kN/m, longitudinal elongation 2.9%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 13.1 J/m2 , The air permeability is 15941CU, the liquid absorption height is 63mm/min, the wet tensile strength is 0.203kN/m, and the liquid absorption capacity is 3.01g/g.
实施例2Example 2
本发明提供一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, comprising the following steps:
（1）将纤维原料和羧甲基纤维素钠溶液进行混合打浆操作，所述纤维原料由漂白针叶木浆100%组成，漂白针叶木浆浓度为3%，功率100KW，打浆时间40min，羧甲基纤维素钠溶液的质量浓度为4%，其中羧甲基纤维素钠加入量为3kg/t纸。(1) Mixing and beating the fiber raw material and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, the fiber raw material is composed of 100% bleached softwood pulp, the concentration of bleached softwood pulp is 3%, the power is 100KW, the beating time is 40min, the carboxymethyl The mass concentration of the sodium cellulose solution is 4%, and the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 3kg/t paper.
（2）将上述混合浆料稀释至质量浓度为0.1%，依次加入聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂PAE加入量45kg/t纸；聚氧化乙烯PEO加入量0.6%（绝干浆量），浓度0.05%；消泡剂1.0kg/t纸，进行上网处理。(2) Dilute the above-mentioned mixed slurry to a mass concentration of 0.1%, and add polyamide polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin PAE in an amount of 45kg/t paper in turn; polyethylene oxide PEO in an amount of 0.6% (absolute dry pulp), The concentration is 0.05%; the defoaming agent is 1.0kg/t paper, and the Internet is processed.
（3）之后经过压榨脱水和干燥处理，其中压榨脱水的控制参数为：托辊压力0.3MPa，压榨辊压力0.2MPa，干燥处理的控制参数为：一个扬克缸，温度为100℃，得到含水量为3.5%的干纸页；之后将干纸页依次卷取、分切既得。(3) After pressing and dehydration and drying, the control parameters of pressing and dehydration are: idler pressure 0.3MPa, press roll pressure 0.2MPa, and the control parameters of drying are: a Yankee cylinder, the temperature is 100 ℃, and the result is a Dry paper sheets with a water content of 3.5%; then the dry paper sheets are rolled and slitted in turn.
本实施例获得的卷烟配套用纸的性能为：定量42.1g/m2，厚度133μm，纵向抗张强度0.609 kN/m，纵向伸长率1.6%，纵向抗张能量吸收5.58 J/m2，透气度15361CU，吸液高度52mm/min，湿抗张强度0.135kN/m，吸液量3.3g/g。The properties of the cigarette supporting paper obtained in this example are: basis weight 42.1 g/m2 , thickness 133 μm, longitudinal tensile strength 0.609 kN/m, longitudinal elongation 1.6%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 5.58 J/m2 , The air permeability is 15361CU, the liquid absorption height is 52mm/min, the wet tensile strength is 0.135kN/m, and the liquid absorption capacity is 3.3g/g.
实施例3Example 3
本发明提供一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, comprising the following steps:
（1）将纤维原料和羧甲基纤维素钠溶液进行混合打浆操作，所述纤维原料由漂白针叶木浆和漂白阔叶木浆重量比为1：1和组成，漂白针叶木浆浓度为4%，功率200KW，打浆时间60min，漂白针叶木浆浓度为5%，功率180KW，打浆时间60min，羧甲基纤维素钠溶液的质量浓度为6%，其中羧甲基纤维素钠加入量为3kg/t纸。(1) Mixing and beating the fiber raw material and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, the fiber raw material is composed of bleached softwood pulp and bleached hardwood pulp in a weight ratio of 1:1 and the concentration of bleached softwood pulp is 4% , the power is 200KW, the beating time is 60min, the concentration of bleached softwood pulp is 5%, the power is 180KW, the beating time is 60min, the mass concentration of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 6%, and the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 3kg/ t paper.
（2）将上述混合浆料稀释至质量浓度为0.6%，依次加入聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂PAE加入量40kg/t纸；阳离子淀粉6kg/t纸；消泡剂3.0kg/t纸，(2) Dilute the above mixed slurry to a mass concentration of 0.6%, and sequentially add polyamide polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin PAE in an amount of 40kg/t paper; cationic starch 6kg/t paper; defoamer 3.0kg/t paper ,
（3）之后经过压榨脱水和干燥处理，其中压榨脱水的控制参数为：采用长网纸机，压榨压力80kN/m、100kN/m，干燥处理的控制参数为：长网纸机，干燥曲线为前干66℃、75℃、88℃、94℃、97℃、104℃，后干88℃、92℃、104℃、105℃、95℃、59℃，得到含水量为3.5%的干纸页；之后将干纸页依次卷取、分切既得。(3) After pressing and dehydration and drying, the control parameters of pressing and dehydration are: Fourdrinier paper machine, the pressing pressure is 80kN/m, 100kN/m, and the control parameters of drying treatment are: Fourdrinier paper machine, the drying curve is Drying at 66°C, 75°C, 88°C, 94°C, 97°C, 104°C in the front, drying at 88°C, 92°C, 104°C, 105°C, 95°C, and 59°C in the rear, to obtain dry sheets with a moisture content of 3.5% ; After that, the dry paper sheets are rolled and slitted in turn.
本实施例获得的卷烟配套用纸的性能为：定量27.9g/m2，纵向抗张强度2.17kN/m、纵向伸长率1.4%、纵向抗张能量吸收19J/m2，厚度43μm，灰分（以CaO计）8.8%，透气度8.1CU，纵向湿抗张强度0.42kN/m。The properties of the cigarette supporting paper obtained in this example are: basis weight 27.9 g/m2 , longitudinal tensile strength 2.17 kN/m, longitudinal elongation 1.4%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 19 J/m2 , thickness 43 μm, ash content (calculated as CaO) 8.8%, air permeability 8.1CU, longitudinal wet tensile strength 0.42kN/m.
实施例4Example 4
本发明提供一种提高湿法抄造纸张湿抗张强度的生产技术，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a production technology for improving the wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper, comprising the following steps:
（1）将纤维原料和羧甲基纤维素钠溶液进行混合打浆操作，所述限位原料由漂白针叶木浆100%组成，漂白针叶木浆浓度为3%，功率45KW，打浆时间30min，羧甲基纤维素钠溶液的质量浓度为5%，其中羧甲基纤维素钠加入量为5kg/t纸。(1) The fiber raw material and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution are mixed and beaten. The limit raw material is composed of 100% bleached softwood pulp, the concentration of bleached softwood pulp is 3%, the power is 45KW, the beating time is 30min, and the carboxylated softwood pulp is 3%. The mass concentration of the sodium methyl cellulose solution is 5%, and the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose added is 5 kg/t paper.
（2）将上述混合浆料稀释至质量浓度为0.05%，依次加入聚酰胺多胺-表氯醇树脂PAE加入量40kg/t纸；聚氧化乙烯PEO加入量0.8%（绝干浆量），浓度0.05%，表涂聚乙烯醇PVA，表涂浓度6%，40kg/t纸。(2) Dilute the above-mentioned mixed slurry to a mass concentration of 0.05%, and add polyamide polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin PAE in an amount of 40kg/t paper in turn; polyethylene oxide PEO in an amount of 0.8% (absolute dry pulp), Concentration 0.05%, surface coating with polyvinyl alcohol PVA, surface coating concentration 6%, 40kg/t paper.
（3）之后经过压榨脱水和干燥处理，其中压榨脱水的控制参数为：采用斜网纸机，压榨压力80kN/m、100kN/m、120kN/m，干燥处理的控制参数为：斜网纸机各烘缸温度为73℃、85℃、92℃、101℃、106℃、123℃、125℃、107℃、117℃、122℃，得到含水量为3.5%的干纸页；之后将干纸页依次卷取、分切既得。(3) After pressing, dehydration and drying, the control parameters of pressing and dehydration are: using inclined wire paper machine, pressing pressure 80kN/m, 100kN/m, 120kN/m, and the control parameters of drying treatment are: inclined wire paper machine The temperature of each drying cylinder is 73°C, 85°C, 92°C, 101°C, 106°C, 123°C, 125°C, 107°C, 117°C, and 122°C to obtain dry paper sheets with a moisture content of 3.5%; The pages are coiled and cut in turn.
本实施例获得的卷烟配套用纸的性能为：定量23.2g/m2，厚度63μm，纵向抗张强度2.25 kN/m，纵向伸长率1.7%，纵向抗张能量吸收24.6 J/m2，透气度5863CU，吸液高度16mm/min，湿抗张强度0.43kN/m。The properties of the cigarette supporting paper obtained in this example are: basis weight 23.2 g/m2 , thickness 63 μm, longitudinal tensile strength 2.25 kN/m, longitudinal elongation 1.7%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 24.6 J/m2 , The air permeability is 5863CU, the liquid absorption height is 16mm/min, and the wet tensile strength is 0.43kN/m.
对比例1Comparative Example 1
本对比例提供一种超低定量圣经纸的生产方法，与实施例1的区别在于：混合浆料中未加羧甲基纤维素钠，直接将纤维原料进行打浆。其它条件同实施例1。This comparative example provides a method for producing ultra-low quantitative Bible paper. The difference from Example 1 is that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is not added to the mixed slurry, and the fiber raw material is directly beaten. Other conditions are the same as in Example 1.
本对比例获得的圣经纸的性能指标为：定量41.6g/m2，厚度130μm，纵向抗张强度0.51kN/m，纵向伸长率2.7%，纵向抗张能量吸收11.1J/m2，透气度14265CU，吸液高度60mm/min，湿抗张强度0.142kN/m，吸液量2.98g/g。The performance indicators of the Bible paper obtained in this comparative example are: basis weight 41.6g/m2 , thickness 130μm, longitudinal tensile strength 0.51kN/m, longitudinal elongation 2.7%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 11.1J/m2 , air permeability Degree 14265CU, liquid absorption height 60mm/min, wet tensile strength 0.142kN/m, liquid absorption 2.98g/g.
对比例2Comparative Example 2
本对比例提供一种超低定量圣经纸的生产方法，与实施例3的区别在于：混合浆料中未加羧甲基纤维素钠，直接将纤维原料进行打浆。其它条件同实施例3。This comparative example provides a method for producing ultra-low basis weight Bible paper. The difference from Example 3 is that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is not added to the mixed slurry, and the fiber raw material is directly beaten. Other conditions are the same as in Example 3.
本对比例获得的圣经纸的性能指标为：定量28.2g/m2，纵向抗张强度2.17kN/m、纵向伸长率1.3%、纵向抗张能量吸收17.6J/m2，厚度41μm，灰分（以CaO计）8.1%，透气度4.1CU，纵向湿抗张强度0.24kN/m。The performance indicators of the Bible paper obtained in this comparative example are: basis weight 28.2g/m2 , longitudinal tensile strength 2.17kN/m, longitudinal elongation 1.3%, longitudinal tensile energy absorption 17.6J/m2 , thickness 41μm, ash content (calculated as CaO) 8.1%, air permeability 4.1CU, longitudinal wet tensile strength 0.24kN/m.
将实施例1-4和对比例1-2的结果总结在表1中，如下：The results of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are summarized in Table 1 as follows:
表1Table 1
通过表1中的数据，可以发现，采用本发明的方法生产纸张，能够使生产流程的时间适中，并且纸张具有较大的湿抗张强度，较比现有的纸张湿抗张强度提高幅度在25%-80%之间，且未影响纸张其他重要物理指标。From the data in Table 1, it can be found that the use of the method of the present invention to produce paper can make the production process time moderate, and the paper has a larger wet tensile strength. Compared with the existing paper, the wet tensile strength is improved by Between 25%-80%, and does not affect other important physical indicators of paper.
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910869394.7ACN110578263A (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | A production technology for improving wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910869394.7ACN110578263A (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | A production technology for improving wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110578263Atrue CN110578263A (en) | 2019-12-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910869394.7APendingCN110578263A (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | A production technology for improving wet tensile strength of wet-laid paper |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110578263A (en) |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20191217 | |
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |