技术领域technical field
本发明属于宽带电力线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种宽带电力线通信网络组网方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of broadband power line communication, and in particular relates to a method for networking a broadband power line communication network.
背景技术Background technique
PLC(Power Line Communication，电力线通信)是指以电力线为传输媒介的一种通信方式，主要应用于远程自动抄表、配电网自动化控制、家庭内部互连、智能小区以及多媒体通信最后一公里网络接入等，具有建设速度快、投资少、无需室内布线等特点。近年来，BPL(BroadbandoverPowerLine，宽带电力线通信)相关技术的发展提高了电力线通信的数据传输速率，特别是正交频分复用技术的发展使高速PLC得以实现。在电力线广泛分布、无需额外布线、成本低廉优势下，电力线通信应用前景广阔。PLC (Power Line Communication) refers to a communication method using power lines as the transmission medium. It is mainly used in remote automatic meter reading, automatic control of distribution network, internal interconnection of homes, intelligent communities and the last mile network of multimedia communication. Access, etc., has the characteristics of fast construction, low investment, and no need for indoor wiring. In recent years, the development of BPL (Broadband over Power Line, broadband power line communication) related technology has improved the data transmission rate of power line communication, especially the development of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology has enabled high-speed PLC to be realized. With the advantages of widely distributed power lines, no need for additional wiring, and low cost, the application prospects of power line communication are broad.
在现有技术的网络组网方法中，STA(Station，站点)设备在未成功入网之前，由于STA设备在收到无论任何网络的信标帧后，都会发送入网请求；CCO(Central Coordiantor，中央协调器)在收到STA设备发送的入网请求后，若STA设备MAC(Media Access Control，媒介访问控制)地址不在白名单内，即发送下行报文用来拒绝STA设备的入网，在网络较多的情况下，会造成无用的上下行报文的浪费，延长组网时间，造成信道的拥塞。In the network networking method of the prior art, before the STA (Station, station) device successfully enters the network, because the STA device will send a network access request after receiving the beacon frame of any network; CCO (Central Coordiantor, central Coordinator) After receiving the network access request sent by the STA device, if the MAC (Media Access Control, Media Access Control) address of the STA device is not in the white list, it will send a downlink message to reject the network access of the STA device. In some cases, useless uplink and downlink packets will be wasted, the networking time will be prolonged, and channel congestion will be caused.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，以解决上下行报文的浪费问题，避免造成信道的拥塞。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband power line communication network networking method to solve the waste of uplink and downlink messages and avoid channel congestion.
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：For reaching this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，包括以下步骤：A method for networking a broadband power line communication network, comprising the following steps:
任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧；Any STA device of any network listens for a continuous period of time when performing a network access operation, and judges whether a beacon frame of any network is received within the continuous period of time;
如果收到所述信标帧，则判断是否只收到一个网络的所述信标帧；If the beacon frame is received, it is judged whether only the beacon frame of one network is received;
如果收到至少两个网络的所述信标帧，则所述STA设备向与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近，即MAC地址差值最小的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息。If the beacon frames from at least two networks are received, the STA device sends a network access request message to the CCO device of the network whose MAC address is the closest to the STA device, ie, the MAC address difference is the smallest.
可选地，所述如果收到所述信标帧，则判断是否只收到一个网络的所述信标帧之后，还包括以下步骤：Optionally, if the beacon frame is received, after judging whether only the beacon frame of one network is received, the following steps are further included:
如果没有收到所述信标帧，则返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。If the beacon frame is not received, return any STA device of the arbitrary network to listen for a continuous period of time when performing a network access operation, and determine whether the signal of any network is received within the continuous period of time. frame.
可选地，所述STA设备向与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近，即MAC地址差值最小的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息中，所述STA设备与网络的MAC地址距离的计算方法为：Optionally, in the network access request message sent by the STA device to the CCO device of the network whose MAC address distance is the closest to the STA device, that is, the MAC address difference is the smallest, the calculation method of the MAC address distance between the STA device and the network for:
设定STA设备侦听来自CCO设备中央信标或者已入网STA设备发现信标的连续时间为T；Set the continuous time for the STA device to listen to the central beacon from the CCO device or the STA device that has joined the network to discover the beacon as T;
在T连续时间段内共侦听到N个不同网络的信标帧，分别记为{Beacon_i}，其中1≤i≤N，所侦听的CCO设备的中央信标中只有CCO设备的MAC地址，其十进制形式记为CCO_i；所侦听的已入网STA设备的发现信标中有该网络的CCO设备MAC地址以及部分该网络已入网STA设备的MAC地址；A total of N beacon frames from different networks are detected in T continuous time period, which are respectively marked as {Beacon_i}, where 1≤i≤N, and the central beacon of the monitored CCO device only contains the MAC address of the CCO device , which is denoted as CCO_i in decimal form; the discovery beacon of the intercepted STA device that has entered the network contains the MAC address of the CCO device of the network and the MAC addresses of some of the STA devices that have entered the network;
设已入网STA设备有M个，则其CCO的MAC地址十进制形式记为CCO_i，STA设备的MAC地址十进制形式分别记为STA_j，其中1≤j≤M；侦听的STA设备的MAC地址十进制形式记为STA_a；Assuming that there are M STA devices that have entered the network, the decimal form of the MAC address of the CCO is recorded as CCO_i, and the decimal form of the MAC address of the STA device is respectively recorded as STA_j, where 1≤j≤M; the decimal form of the MAC address of the listening STA device Denote it as STA_a;
则在T连续时间段内所侦听到CCO设备的Central Beacon，即中央信标的网络与该STA设备的地址距离为：Then the Central Beacon of the CCO device detected during the continuous period of T, that is, the address distance between the network of the central beacon and the STA device is:
Network_address＝|STA_a-CCO_i|；Network_address=|STA_a-CCO_i|;
若在T连续时间段内所侦听到已入网STA设备的Discover Beacon，即发现信标的网络与该STA设备的地址距离为：If the Discover Beacon of the STA device that has entered the network is detected within a continuous period of T, the address distance between the network where the beacon is discovered and the STA device is:
可选地，所述如果只收到一个网络的所述信标帧，则向所述信标帧对应的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息和所述如果收到至少两个网络的所述信标帧，则所述STA设备向与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息之后，均还包括以下步骤：Optionally, if the beacon frame from only one network is received, send a network access request message to the CCO device of the network corresponding to the beacon frame and the message if the signal from at least two networks is received frame, after the STA device sends a network access request message to the CCO device of the network closest to the MAC address of the STA device, the following steps are also included:
所述STA设备在设定时间内判断是否收到入网请求回复消息；The STA device judges whether a network access request reply message is received within a set time;
如果在所述设定时间内收到所述入网请求回复消息，则将所述STA设备的状态设置为“已入网”。If the network access request reply message is received within the set time, the state of the STA device is set to "connected to the network".
可选地，所述STA设备在设定时间内判断是否收到入网请求回复消息之后，还包括以下步骤：Optionally, after the STA device judges whether a network access request reply message is received within a set time, it further includes the following steps:
如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求回复消息，则判断所述STA设备在所述设定时间内是否收到入网请求拒绝消息；If the network access request reply message is not received within the set time, then determine whether the STA device receives a network access request rejection message within the set time;
如果在所述设定时间内收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则等待一段预设时间后，返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。If the network access request rejection message is received within the set time, after waiting for a preset period of time, return to any STA device that executes the network access operation, and listen for a continuous period of time, and judge that it is in the network. Whether the beacon frame of any of the networks is received within the above continuous time.
可选地，所述预设时间等于150秒。Optionally, the preset time is equal to 150 seconds.
可选地，所述如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求回复消息，则判断所述STA设备在所述设定时间内是否收到入网请求拒绝消息之后，还包括以下步骤：Optionally, if the network access request reply message is not received within the set time, after judging whether the STA device receives a network access request rejection message within the set time, the following steps are further included: :
如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则判断是否有其他的网络可以申请加入；If the network access request rejection message is not received within the set time, it is judged whether there are other networks that can apply for joining;
如果有其他的网络可以申请加入，选择其他的未请求的与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近的网络，向该网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息，然后执行所述所述STA设备在设定时间内是否收到入网请求回复信息消息。If there are other networks that can apply to join, select other unrequested networks that are closest to the MAC address of the STA device, send a network access request message to the CCO device of the network, and then execute the STA device in the setting Whether to receive the network access request reply information message within the specified time.
可选地，所述如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则判断是否有其他的网络可以申请加入之后，还包括以下步骤：Optionally, if the network access request rejection message is not received within the set time, after judging whether there are other networks that can apply for joining, the following steps are also included:
如果没有其他的网络可以申请加入，则返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。If there is no other network that can apply for joining, return any STA device that executes the network access operation, listen for a period of continuous time, and determine whether the beacon of any network is received within the continuous time frame.
可选地，如果收到所述信标帧，则判断是否只收到一个网络的所述信标帧之后，还包括以下步骤：Optionally, if the beacon frame is received, after judging whether the beacon frame of only one network is received, the following steps are also included:
如果只收到一个网络的所述信标帧，则向所述信标帧对应的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息。If the beacon frame of only one network is received, a network access request message is sent to the CCO device of the network corresponding to the beacon frame.
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
本发明实施例提供的宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，可以使STA设备在入网时能够对所收到网络的信标帧进行合理的选择，通过MAC地址距离的选择方式，减少了STA设备向非对应网络CCO设备发送的报文数量，避免了无用报文的浪费，同时减轻了在入网过程中信道的负担，提高了信道传输的质量和信道资源利用率。The broadband power line communication network networking method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can enable the STA device to reasonably select the beacon frame received from the network when it is connected to the network. Corresponds to the number of packets sent by the network CCO device, avoids the waste of useless packets, reduces the burden of the channel during the network access process, and improves the quality of channel transmission and the utilization of channel resources.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容所能涵盖的范围内。The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this manual are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the manual, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so there is no technical In the substantive meaning above, any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effect and purpose of the present invention. within the range that can be covered.
图1为本发明实施例提供的宽带载波通信网络协议栈基于标准的开放式系统互联(OSI)七层模型图。FIG. 1 is a seven-layer model diagram of a standard-based Open System Interconnection (OSI) protocol stack of a broadband carrier communication network protocol provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明实施例提供的宽带载波通信网络拓扑图。FIG. 2 is a topology diagram of a broadband carrier communication network provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图3为本发明实施例提供的信标周期的时隙划分图。FIG. 3 is a time slot division diagram of a beacon period provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明实施例提供的信标周期的时隙分割图。FIG. 4 is a time slot division diagram of a beacon period provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图5至10为本发明实施例提供的宽带电力线通信网络组网方法的方法流程图。5 to 10 are method flowcharts of a broadband power line communication network networking method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following The described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1所示。宽带载波通信网络协议栈基于标准的开放式系统互联(OSI)七层模型，定义了物理层、数据链路层、应用层共3层。Please refer to Figure 1. The broadband carrier communication network protocol stack is based on the standard Open System Interconnection (OSI) seven-layer model, which defines three layers: the physical layer, the data link layer, and the application layer.
其中数据链路层分为网络管理子层和媒体访问控制子层。数据链路层直接为应用层提供传输服务，也可扩展与标准TCP/IP进行对接以实现标准IP网络通信。The data link layer is divided into the network management sublayer and the media access control sublayer. The data link layer directly provides transmission services for the application layer, and can also be extended to connect with standard TCP/IP to realize standard IP network communication.
宽带载波通信网络拓扑图如图2所示，BPL的组网过程主要分为多网络网间协调、单网络组网和网络维护三个部分。The broadband carrier communication network topology is shown in Figure 2. The BPL networking process is mainly divided into three parts: multi-network inter-network coordination, single-network networking, and network maintenance.
多网络网间协调：多网络网间协调具体流程如下：Multi-network inter-network coordination: The specific process of multi-network inter-network coordination is as follows:
1、CCO启动后，首先进行一段时间的网络监听，判断周围是否存在已处于工作的宽带载波通信网络。对于已经处于工作的宽带载波通信网络，应周期性的发送网间协调帧，以便其他后上电的CCO进行监听。1. After the CCO is started, it first monitors the network for a period of time to determine whether there is a working broadband carrier communication network around. For the broadband carrier communication network that is already in operation, the inter-network coordination frame should be sent periodically so that other CCOs powered on later can monitor it.
2、若在CCO监听时间内接收到邻居网络的网间协调帧，则需要根据网间协调帧中携带的SNID(Short Network Identifier，短网络标识符)和时隙等信息，按照一定的优先原则，进行协商；若没有监听到网间协调帧，则该CCO可以独立组网工作。2. If an inter-network coordination frame from a neighboring network is received within the CCO monitoring time, it is necessary to follow a certain priority principle based on the information such as the SNID (Short Network Identifier, short network identifier) and time slot carried in the inter-network coordination frame , to carry out negotiation; if no inter-network coordination frame is detected, the CCO can work independently in networking.
3、之后进行带宽协调，按照带宽协商原则将不同网络的信标时隙尽量有序的错开，既保证信标时隙的不冲突，也要保证信标时隙发送的周期性。3. Bandwidth coordination is carried out afterwards, and the beacon slots of different networks are staggered in an orderly manner as much as possible according to the principle of bandwidth negotiation, which not only ensures that the beacon slots do not conflict, but also ensures the periodicity of beacon slot transmission.
单网络组网：单独组网的过程，主要是CCO通过发送中央信标和安排发现信标发送，以及代理信标的发送，触发逐层级的STA的网络接入请求，来完成整个组网过程。组网过程分为三个部分，分别为CCO的组网行为、PCO(Proxy Coordinator，代理协调器)的组网行为以及STA的组网行为。Single-network networking: The process of single-network networking, mainly by sending central beacons, arranging discovery beacon transmissions, and proxy beacon transmissions, triggering network access requests from STAs layer-by-layer by the CCO to complete the entire networking process . The networking process is divided into three parts, which are the networking behavior of the CCO, the networking behavior of the PCO (Proxy Coordinator, proxy coordinator), and the networking behavior of the STA.
1、CCO的组网行为1. Networking behavior of CCO
CCO在协调成功后开始组网，发送中央信标；CCO在中央信标中，需要安排信标TDMA(Time division multiple access，时分多址)时隙和CSMA(Carrier sense multipleaccess，载波侦听多址)时隙。信标TDMA时隙，是用来指示CCO，PCO，或者STA发送信标。After the coordination is successful, the CCO starts networking and sends a central beacon; in the central beacon, the CCO needs to arrange beacon TDMA (Time division multiple access, time division multiple access) time slots and CSMA (Carrier sense multiple access, carrier sense multiple access) ) time slot. The beacon TDMA time slot is used to instruct the CCO, PCO, or STA to send a beacon.
如果有一级站点请求接入网络，CCO需要对请求接入网络的站点，通过白名单进行身份认证。之后，CCO可以将关联请求的处理结果，通过发送关联指示报文告知给STA。If a first-level site requests to access the network, the CCO needs to authenticate the site through the whitelist. Afterwards, the CCO may notify the STA of the processing result of the association request by sending an association indication message.
当一级站点接入网络后，CCO可以安排信标时隙，让新入网的一级站点发送发现信标。发现信标的发送，可以触发新入网站点周围的二级站点发起关联入网的请求。当二级站点入网后，CCO可以安排信标时隙，让新入网二级站点发送发现信标，触发该二级站点周围的三级站点发起关联入网请求。如此循环，以便距离CCO最远的最高层级的STA站点加入网络。When a first-level site is connected to the network, the CCO can arrange a beacon time slot to allow the newly-connected first-level site to send a discovery beacon. The sending of the discovery beacon can trigger the secondary sites around the new network access site to initiate an associated network access request. After the second-level site is connected to the network, the CCO can arrange a beacon time slot to allow the newly-connected second-level site to send a discovery beacon, triggering the third-level sites around the second-level site to initiate an associated network access request. This loops so that the highest-level STA station farthest from the CCO joins the network.
2、STA的组网行为STA上电后，可能会收到多个网络(SNID不同)的报文，STA站点可以根据多网络优选标志，在多个网络中，选定一个信号更好的网络，作为本站点的接入目标网络，也可以选择初次发现的网络作为接入目标网络。2. STA networking behavior After STA is powered on, it may receive messages from multiple networks (with different SNIDs). The STA site can select a network with a better signal among multiple networks according to the multi-network preference flag. , as the access target network of this site, or select the network discovered for the first time as the access target network.
3、PCO的组网行为3. Networking behavior of PCO
STA在入网成功后，如果被CCO安排发送发现信标之后，该STA可能被下一级站点选择成为下一级站点的代理站点；After the STA successfully joins the network, if it is arranged by the CCO to send a discovery beacon, the STA may be selected by the lower-level site to become the proxy site of the lower-level site;
当一个STA被CCO确认成为代理站点后，CCO会分配该STA的信标时隙，指示该STA发送代理信标；When a STA is confirmed by the CCO as a proxy site, the CCO will allocate the STA's beacon slot and instruct the STA to send a proxy beacon;
当一个STA通过代理站点入网时，CCO会将关联请求的处理结果，携带在关联确认报文中发送给STA的代理站点。该代理站点在处理完成后，需要将关联确认报文中的内容，通过关联指示报文，通知给STA。When a STA accesses the network through a proxy site, the CCO will send the processing result of the association request to the STA's proxy site in an association confirmation message. After the processing is completed, the proxy site needs to notify the STA of the content in the association confirmation message through the association indication message.
网络维护：网络维护具体流程如下：Network maintenance: The specific process of network maintenance is as follows:
1、组网过程中，每个站点可以根据接收的发现信标，感知自己的邻居站点，并记录下来，形成一个发现列表。站点的中继路由，就可以在自己的发现列表中进行选择。1. During the networking process, each site can perceive its neighbor sites according to the received discovery beacon, and record them to form a discovery list. The relay route of the site can be selected in its own discovery list.
2、如果每个站点将本站点的发现列表广播发布，则有利于形成更全面的网络拓扑信息，有利于站点寻找更合适的路由。2. If each site broadcasts the discovery list of its own site, it will help to form more comprehensive network topology information and help the site to find a more suitable route.
3、组网完成后，包括CCO和所有入网的STA，都需要定周期的发送发现列表报文，发现列表报文中携带了本站点的发现列表等信息。3. After the networking is completed, including the CCO and all network-connected STAs, it is necessary to periodically send discovery list messages, which carry information such as the discovery list of the site.
4、代理站点(PCO)将本地维护的发现列表中的站点活跃信息，通过定周期的心跳检测报文，发送给CCO。4. The proxy site (PCO) sends the site activity information in the locally maintained discovery list to the CCO through periodic heartbeat detection messages.
BPL信道访问机制BPL channel access mechanism
宽带载波通信网络使用基于信标帧的信道访问机制，CCO周期性地发送信标帧，信标帧中包含了CCO分配的信标周期内的信标时隙，TDMA时隙，CSMA时隙，绑定CSMA时隙等时隙的规划信息。宽带载波通信网络中的子节点，必须遵循CCO分配的时隙，进行信道访问。信标周期的时隙划分如图3所示。The broadband carrier communication network uses a channel access mechanism based on beacon frames. The CCO periodically sends beacon frames. The beacon frames include beacon slots, TDMA slots, and CSMA slots within the beacon cycle allocated by the CCO. The planning information of time slots such as binding CSMA time slots. The sub-nodes in the broadband carrier communication network must follow the time slots allocated by the CCO for channel access. The time slot division of the beacon period is shown in FIG. 3 .
一般的，信标时隙和TDMA时隙等明确分配给CCO或具体STA使用的时隙，统称为非竞争时隙(TDMA时隙)；CSMA时隙和绑定CSMA时隙等未指明使用者的时隙，需要有需求的STA竞争使用的时隙，统称为竞争时隙(CSMA时隙)。Generally, beacon slots and TDMA slots that are clearly assigned to CCOs or specific STAs are collectively referred to as non-competition slots (TDMA slots); CSMA slots and bound CSMA slots are unspecified users The time slots that require STAs to compete for use are collectively referred to as contention time slots (CSMA time slots).
在多个宽带载波通信网络并存且相互干扰的时候，CCO之间需要进行时隙协调。When multiple broadband carrier communication networks coexist and interfere with each other, time slot coordination between CCOs is required.
CCO在进行信道访问时，需要考虑电力线的相线因素。不同电力线相线上的STA，与CCO进行通信时，也需要考虑电力线相线的因素。可根据自身所在的相线，选择与之对应的时隙与CCO进行通信。When the CCO performs channel access, it needs to consider the phase line factor of the power line. When STAs on different power line phases communicate with the CCO, factors of power line phases also need to be considered. According to the phase line where it is located, it can select the corresponding time slot to communicate with the CCO.
CCO在时隙规划时，根据业务需要，可以分配绑定CSMA时隙，由某种业务单独占有该时隙，凡是涉及该业务的STA，可以在该绑定CSMA时隙中，竞争发送该业务的报文。During time slot planning, the CCO can allocate and bind CSMA time slots according to business needs, and a certain business will occupy the time slots alone. All STAs involved in the business can compete to send the business in the bound CSMA time slots. message.
信标机制beacon mechanism
宽带载波通信网络中有三种类型的信标帧：中央信标，代理信标和发现信标。信标帧必须在信标时隙中进行发送。信标时隙由CCO进行分配，分配时需要指明具体STA可以使用的对应时隙。其中，中央信标和代理信标在每个信标周期内都必须发送。发现信标要求每一个STA，从加入网络后每170秒时间周期内至少发送两个信标帧。STA在接收到信标帧后，一旦确定CCO指定其在某个时隙内发送信标帧，则必须在相应的时隙内，发送相应的信标帧。There are three types of beacon frames in broadband carrier communication networks: central beacons, proxy beacons, and discovery beacons. Beacon frames MUST be sent in beacon slots. Beacon slots are allocated by the CCO, and the corresponding slots that can be used by specific STAs need to be specified during allocation. Among them, the central beacon and the proxy beacon must be sent every beacon period. Discovering beacons requires each STA to send at least two beacon frames every 170 second time period since joining the network. After receiving the beacon frame, once the STA determines that the CCO designates it to send the beacon frame in a certain time slot, it must send the corresponding beacon frame in the corresponding time slot.
中央信标central beacon
中央信标由CCO生成，在中央信标中，包含当前宽带载波通信网络的网络基准时间NTB，通过信标帧中的BTS字段，实时的通知给网络中STA。在单个宽带载波通信网络中，中央信标是定周期发送的，发送周期可自定义；在多个宽带载波通信网络共存的场景中，CCO的中央信标的发送时隙是需要按一定原则在多个宽带载波通信网络的CCO之间协调。The central beacon is generated by the CCO. The central beacon contains the network reference time NTB of the current broadband carrier communication network, and is notified to STAs in the network in real time through the BTS field in the beacon frame. In a single broadband carrier communication network, the central beacon is sent at a fixed period, and the sending period can be customized; in the scenario where multiple broadband carrier communication networks coexist, the sending time slot of the central beacon of the CCO needs to be distributed according to certain principles. coordination among CCOs of a broadband carrier communication network.
代理信标proxy beacon
代理信标由代理站点(PCO)发送，代理信标中包含了中央信标的全部时隙安排内容，并且携带了代理STA的基本属性。The proxy beacon is sent by the proxy station (PCO), and the proxy beacon contains all the time slot arrangement content of the central beacon, and carries the basic attributes of the proxy STA.
代理站点必须按照中央信标中指定的信标时隙，发送代理信标。Proxy stations must send proxy beacons according to the beacon slots specified in the central beacon.
未入网的STA，在接收到代理信标后，可以根据代理信标中的时隙安排等内容，发起加入网络的请求。After receiving the proxy beacon, the STA that has not joined the network can initiate a request to join the network according to the time slot arrangement in the proxy beacon.
发现信标discovery beacon
发现信标由STA发送，发现信标必须在CCO指定给该STA的信标时隙内发送。The discovery beacon is sent by the STA, and the discovery beacon must be sent within the beacon slot assigned to the STA by the CCO.
发现信标，主要用于发现周围可能的隐藏STA。信标中包含了用于隐藏STA加入网络的竞争时隙安排等内容。Discovery beacons are mainly used to discover possible hidden STAs around. The beacon contains information such as the arrangement of contention time slots used to hide the STA's access to the network.
未入网的STA，在接收到发现信标后，可以根据发现信标中的时隙安排等内容，发起加入网络的请求。After receiving the discovery beacon, the STA that has not joined the network can initiate a request to join the network according to the time slot arrangement in the discovery beacon.
信标时隙管理Beacon slot management
CCO，PCO，STA三个角色，对于信标中时隙的管理算法是一致的。CCO将信标周期中的时隙分配，按照统一的算法，填充到信标中的时隙分配条目，通过信标发送，通知给PCO和STA等站点。PCO和STA对于信标中的时隙分配条目的解析，同样遵照统一的算法。The three roles of CCO, PCO, and STA have the same management algorithm for the time slots in the beacon. The CCO fills the time slot allocation in the beacon period into the time slot allocation entries in the beacon according to a unified algorithm, sends it through the beacon, and notifies the stations such as the PCO and STA. The PCO and STA also follow the unified algorithm for parsing the time slot allocation entries in the beacon.
如图3所示，信标周期共分为四个不同的时隙，分别为信标时隙、CSMA时隙、TDMA时隙和绑定CSMA时隙。由于本发明只涉及到信标时隙，所以这里只对信标时隙进行介绍。As shown in FIG. 3 , the beacon period is divided into four different time slots, which are beacon time slots, CSMA time slots, TDMA time slots and bound CSMA time slots. Since the present invention only involves beacon slots, only beacon slots are introduced here.
整个信标周期中，信标时隙一般按照如图4所示进行分割。In the whole beacon period, the beacon slots are generally divided as shown in FIG. 4 .
信标时隙beacon slot
如图4所示，中央信标时隙，必须是从0时刻起分割，如果存在多个时隙，则依次按照相线进行分割，如图4中的A，B，C分别指分割出来三个CCO的中央信标时隙。CCO需要在ABC三个相线上进行中央信标发送。As shown in Figure 4, the central beacon time slot must be divided from time 0. If there are multiple time slots, they shall be divided in turn according to the phase line. Central beacon slots of CCOs. The CCO requires central beaconing on the ABC three phase lines.
代理信标时隙在分割时，需要偏移过中央信标时隙后，开始计算。When the proxy beacon slot is divided, it needs to be offset from the central beacon slot before the calculation starts.
发现信标时隙在分割时，需要偏移过中央信标时隙和代理信标时隙之后，开始计算。It is found that when the beacon slot is divided, it needs to be offset by the central beacon slot and the proxy beacon slot before the calculation starts.
本实施例提供了一种宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，可解决以下上下行报文的浪费问题。This embodiment provides a broadband power line communication network networking method, which can solve the following waste of uplink and downlink messages.
可用于在多网络环境下，STA设备选择某一个网络加入，向CCO发起关联请求。当STA接收到关联确认报文或者关联指示报文后，如果CCO拒绝该STA加入网络，STA设备再选择其他网络加入。在整个信标周期中，共分为四个不同的时隙。It can be used in a multi-network environment, the STA device selects a certain network to join, and initiates an association request to the CCO. After the STA receives the association confirmation message or the association indication message, if the CCO refuses the STA to join the network, the STA device selects another network to join. In the whole beacon period, it is divided into four different time slots.
具体的，在本实施例提供的一种宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，基于以下前提条件：Specifically, a broadband power line communication network networking method provided in this embodiment is based on the following prerequisites:
1、宽带电力线通信网络组网，是在多网络环境下，不同网络的PLC设备共同组网。1. Broadband power line communication network networking is a joint networking of PLC devices of different networks in a multi-network environment.
2、在每个网络中，只有一个CCO设备以及若干STA设备。2. In each network, there is only one CCO device and several STA devices.
3、各网络CCO设备之间已完成SNID的协商，确定了各自网络的SNID，保证了各个宽带通信网络能够独立稳定的组网。3. The SNID negotiation between the CCO devices of each network has been completed, and the SNIDs of their respective networks have been determined, ensuring that each broadband communication network can be independently and stably networked.
4、各网络之间的信标时隙按照带宽协调原则有序的错开。4. The beacon time slots between the networks are staggered in an orderly manner according to the principle of bandwidth coordination.
5、各个网络的STA设备由相同厂商提供，同一厂商所生产的设备MAC地址是有关联的。需要说明的是，MAC地址的长度为48位(6个字节)，通常表示为12个16进制数，如：00-16-EA-AE-3C-40就是一个MAC地址，其中前6位16进制数00-16-EA代表网络硬件制造商的编号，它由IEEE(电气与电子工程师协会)分配，而后6位16进制数AE-3C-40代表该制造商所制造的某个网络产品(如网卡)的系列号。只要不更改自己的MAC地址，MAC地址在世界是惟一的。形象地说，MAC地址就如同身份证上的身份证号码，具有唯一性5. The STA devices of each network are provided by the same manufacturer, and the MAC addresses of devices produced by the same manufacturer are related. It should be noted that the length of the MAC address is 48 bits (6 bytes), usually expressed as 12 hexadecimal numbers, such as: 00-16-EA-AE-3C-40 is a MAC address, of which the first 6 The hexadecimal number 00-16-EA represents the number of the network hardware manufacturer, which is assigned by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), and the last 6 digits of the hexadecimal number AE-3C-40 represent a certain number manufactured by the manufacturer. The serial number of a network product (such as a network card). As long as you don't change your own MAC address, the MAC address is unique in the world. Visually speaking, the MAC address is like the ID number on the ID card, which is unique
6、各网络中STA设备收到各个网络的信标帧时间间隔非常小。6. The time interval between the STA devices in each network receiving the beacon frames of each network is very small.
7、宽带电力线网络中STA设备拥有一个入网等待时间阈值。7. The STA device in the broadband power line network has a network access waiting time threshold.
进一步的，该宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，具体包括以下步骤：Further, the broadband power line communication network networking method specifically includes the following steps:
任意邻居网络中的任意STA设备在接收到信标帧后，选择与该STA设备的MAC地址距离最近的网络进行入网。After receiving the beacon frame, any STA device in any neighboring network selects the network closest to the MAC address of the STA device to access the network.
也就是说，在多网络环境下，任意邻居网络中的任意STA设备在接收到信标帧后，如果存在多个可选网络(即在发送入网请求消息之前收到多个信标帧)，则选择与该STA设备的MAC地址距离最近，即MAC地址差值最小的网络进行入网。That is to say, in a multi-network environment, after any STA device in any neighboring network receives a beacon frame, if there are multiple optional networks (that is, multiple beacon frames are received before sending a network access request message), Then select the network with the closest distance to the MAC address of the STA device, that is, the network with the smallest difference between the MAC addresses to access the network.
因此，任意网络的STA设备在侦听到任意网络所发送的信标帧后，通过分析信标帧中携带的该网络设备的MAC地址信息，选择与其MAC地址距离相对更近的网络进行入网操作。Therefore, after the STA device of any network listens to the beacon frame sent by any network, it analyzes the MAC address information of the network device carried in the beacon frame, and selects a network with a relatively closer distance to its MAC address for network access operations. .
具体的STA设备与网络之间的MAC地址距离计算方法如下：The specific calculation method of the MAC address distance between the STA device and the network is as follows:
第一步，设定STA设备侦听来自CCO设备中央信标或者已入网STA设备发现信标的连续时间为T。The first step is to set T as the continuous time for the STA device to listen to the central beacon from the CCO device or the beacon discovered by the STA device already connected to the network.
第二步，在T连续时间段内共侦听到N个不同网络的信标帧，分别记为{Beacon_i}，其中1≤i≤N；所侦听的CCO设备的中央信标中只有CCO设备的MAC地址，其十进制形式记为CCO_i。所侦听的已入网STA设备的发现信标中有该网络的CCO设备MAC地址以及部分该网络已入网STA设备的MAC地址。In the second step, a total of N beacon frames from different networks are detected during T continuous time period, which are respectively marked as {Beacon_i}, where 1≤i≤N; only CCO The MAC address of the device, which is denoted as CCO_i in decimal form. The detected beacons of the detected STA devices that have entered the network include the MAC address of the CCO device of the network and the MAC addresses of some STA devices that have entered the network.
第三步，设已入网STA设备有M个，则其CCO的MAC地址十进制形式记为CCO_i，STA设备的MAC地址十进制形式分别记为STA_j，其中1≤j≤M；侦听的STA设备的MAC地址十进制形式记为STA_a。In the third step, assuming that there are M STA devices that have entered the network, the decimal form of the MAC address of the CCO is recorded as CCO_i, and the decimal form of the MAC address of the STA device is respectively recorded as STA_j, where 1≤j≤M; The decimal form of the MAC address is recorded as STA_a.
第四步，则在T连续时间段内所侦听到CCO设备的Central Beacon的网络与该STA设备的地址距离为：In the fourth step, the distance between the network of the Central Beacon of the CCO device and the address of the STA device detected in the T continuous time period is:
Network_address＝|STA_a-CCO_i|Network_address=|STA_a-CCO_i|
第五步，若在T连续时间段内所侦听到已入网STA设备的Discover Beacon的网络与该STA设备的地址距离为：Step 5, if the distance between the Discover Beacon network of the STA device that has entered the network and the address of the STA device is detected within a continuous period of T:
因此，根据公式计算得到各个网络与STA设备的地址距离，最终选择最近的一个网络进行入网操作。Therefore, the address distance between each network and the STA device is calculated according to the formula, and finally the nearest network is selected for network access operation.
请参阅图5所示，具体的，在本实施例中，宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，包括以下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 5, specifically, in this embodiment, the broadband power line communication network networking method includes the following steps:
S1、任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧；S1. When any STA device of any network is performing a network access operation, it listens for a continuous period of time, and judges whether a beacon frame of any network is received within the continuous period of time;
S2、如果收到所述信标帧，则判断是否只收到一个网络的所述信标帧；S2. If the beacon frame is received, judge whether only the beacon frame of one network is received;
S3、如果收到至少两个网络的所述信标帧，则所述STA设备向与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近，即MAC地址差值最小的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息。S3. If the beacon frames from at least two networks are received, the STA device sends a network access request message to the CCO device of the network whose MAC address is the closest to the STA device, ie, the MAC address difference is the smallest.
如果没有收到所述信标帧，则返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。If the beacon frame is not received, return any STA device of the arbitrary network to listen for a continuous period of time when performing a network access operation, and determine whether the signal of any network is received within the continuous period of time. frame.
需要说明的是，在步骤S1之前，需要作如下准备：It should be noted that before step S1, the following preparations need to be made:
PLC设备首先进行初始化，CCO设备与STA设备上电；多网络环境下，各网络之间进行网间协调；所述网间协调成功后，方可进行步骤S1。The PLC device is first initialized, and the CCO device and the STA device are powered on; in a multi-network environment, inter-network coordination is performed among the networks; step S1 can only be performed after the inter-network coordination is successful.
进一步的，请参阅图6所示。Further, please refer to FIG. 6 .
所述如果收到所述信标帧，则判断是否只收到一个网络的所述信标帧之后，还包括以下步骤：If the beacon frame is received, after judging whether only the beacon frame of one network is received, the following steps are also included:
S4、如果只收到一个网络的所述信标帧，则向所述信标帧对应的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息。S4. If the beacon frame of only one network is received, send a network access request message to the CCO device of the network corresponding to the beacon frame.
进一步的，请参阅图7所示。Further, please refer to FIG. 7 .
所述如果只收到一个网络的所述信标帧，则向所述信标帧对应的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息和所述如果收到至少两个网络的所述信标帧，则所述STA设备向与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近的网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息之后，均还包括以下步骤：If the beacon frame of only one network is received, send a network access request message to the CCO device of the network corresponding to the beacon frame and if the beacon frame of at least two networks is received, then After the STA device sends the network access request message to the CCO device of the network closest to the MAC address of the STA device, it also includes the following steps:
S5、所述STA设备在设定时间内判断是否收到入网请求回复消息；S5. The STA device judges whether a network access request reply message is received within a set time;
S6、如果在所述设定时间内收到所述入网请求回复消息，则将所述STA设备的状态设置为“已入网”。S6. If the network access request reply message is received within the set time, set the status of the STA device as "connected to the network".
进一步的，请参阅图8所示。Further, please refer to FIG. 8 .
所述所述STA设备在设定时间内判断是否收到入网请求回复消息之后，还包括以下步骤：After the STA device judges whether a network access request reply message is received within the set time, it also includes the following steps:
S7、如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求回复消息，则判断所述STA设备在所述设定时间内是否收到入网请求拒绝消息；S7. If the network access request reply message is not received within the set time, judge whether the STA device receives a network access request rejection message within the set time;
S8、如果在所述设定时间内收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则等待一段预设时间后，返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。S8. If the network access request rejection message is received within the set time, after waiting for a preset period of time, return to any STA device executing the network access operation, listen for a period of continuous time, and judge Whether a beacon frame from any of said networks was received during said continuous time.
进一步的，请参阅图9所示。Further, please refer to FIG. 9 .
所述如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求回复消息，则判断所述STA设备在所述设定时间内是否收到入网请求拒绝消息之后，还包括以下步骤：If the network access request reply message is not received within the set time, after judging whether the STA device receives a network access request rejection message within the set time, the following steps are further included:
S9、如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则判断是否有其他的网络可以申请加入；S9. If the network access request rejection message is not received within the set time, determine whether there are other networks that can apply for joining;
S10、如果有其他的网络可以申请加入，选择其他的未请求的与所述STA设备的MAC地址距离最近的网络，向该网络的CCO设备发送入网请求消息，然后执行所述所述STA设备在设定时间内是否收到入网请求回复信息消息。S10. If there are other networks that can apply for joining, select other unrequested networks that are closest to the MAC address of the STA device, send a network access request message to the CCO device of the network, and then execute the STA device in Whether to receive the network access request reply message within the set time.
请参阅图10所示。Please refer to Figure 10.
所述如果在所述设定时间内未收到所述入网请求拒绝消息，则判断是否有其他的网络可以申请加入之后，还包括以下步骤：If the network access request rejection message is not received within the set time, after judging whether there are other networks that can apply for joining, the following steps are also included:
S11、如果没有其他的网络可以申请加入，则返回执行所述任意网络的任意STA设备在进行入网操作时，侦听一段连续时间，判断在所述连续时间内是否有收到所述任何网络的信标帧。S11. If there is no other network that can apply for joining, return to any STA device that executes the network access operation, listen for a period of continuous time, and judge whether there is any network request received within the continuous time. Beacon frame.
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的宽带电力线通信网络组网方法，减少了无用的入网申请消息，有利于降低控制开销，减小入网延迟：该方法可以使STA设备在入网时能够对所收到网络的信标帧进行合理的选择，通过MAC地址距离的选择方式，减少了STA设备向非对应网络CCO设备发送的报文数量，避免了无用报文的浪费，同时减轻了在入网过程中信道的负担，提高了信道传输的质量，提高了信道资源利用率。To sum up, the broadband power line communication network networking method provided by the embodiment of the present invention reduces useless network access application messages, which is beneficial to reduce control overhead and network access delay: this method can enable STA devices to The beacon frame received from the network is reasonably selected. Through the selection of the MAC address distance, the number of messages sent by the STA device to the non-corresponding network CCO device is reduced, the waste of useless messages is avoided, and the network access process is reduced. The burden of the medium channel improves the quality of channel transmission and improves the utilization rate of channel resources.
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still understand the foregoing The technical solutions recorded in each embodiment are modified, or some of the technical features are replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910866346.2ACN110572187B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Networking method for broadband power line communication network |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910866346.2ACN110572187B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Networking method for broadband power line communication network |
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| CN110572187Atrue CN110572187A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| CN110572187B CN110572187B (en) | 2021-09-03 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910866346.2AActiveCN110572187B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Networking method for broadband power line communication network |
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