技术领域technical field
本发明涉及传感技术领域，具体涉及一种光纤光栅解调系统。The invention relates to the field of sensor technology, in particular to a fiber grating demodulation system.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，光纤光栅在传感领域的应用越来越引起人们的重视。同其它类型的传感器件相比，光纤传感器具有可靠性好、抗电磁干扰、抗腐蚀、能在复杂的化学环境下工作等特点，这些优点使得光纤光栅传感器能够被广泛的应用于各种结构健康监测中。In recent years, the application of fiber gratings in the field of sensing has attracted more and more attention. Compared with other types of sensor devices, fiber optic sensors have the characteristics of good reliability, anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-corrosion, and ability to work in complex chemical environments. These advantages enable fiber grating sensors to be widely used in various structural health monitoring.
光纤光栅传感系统中的关键技术是光纤光栅波长信息的检测，即对光纤光栅传感器反射谱进行实时监测得到光纤光栅传感器的中心波长。光纤光栅的波长检测技术，可分为干涉法、滤波法和扫描光源法等。干涉法分辨率高，适用于动态解调，但易受外界环境影响，可调法布里-珀罗滤波法具有较宽的调谐范围，但插入损耗大。扫描光源法是当前技术较为成熟的方法之一，具有良好的复用能力和静态应变测量能力，通过对各种波长进行参考，实现对光纤光栅传感器的高精度解调。The key technology in the FBG sensor system is the detection of FBG wavelength information, that is, the real-time monitoring of the reflection spectrum of the FBG sensor to obtain the central wavelength of the FBG sensor. Fiber Bragg grating wavelength detection technology can be divided into interference method, filtering method and scanning light source method. The interferometry has high resolution and is suitable for dynamic demodulation, but it is easily affected by the external environment. The tunable Fabry-Perot filter method has a wide tuning range, but the insertion loss is large. The scanning light source method is one of the more mature methods in the current technology. It has good multiplexing ability and static strain measurement ability. By referring to various wavelengths, it can realize high-precision demodulation of fiber grating sensors.
光源扫描法可分为宽带光源扫描和窄带光源扫描。目前，市场上大多数光纤光栅解调设备的解调方式为宽带光源的波长扫描解调，这种解调系统具有精度高，扫描范围大的优点，但是成本较高，由于可调谐的宽带激光器作为光源的价格昂贵，造成了解调仪器价格较高，同时，由于结构复杂，使得整个仪器在使用过程中需要的功耗较大。The light source scanning method can be divided into broadband light source scanning and narrowband light source scanning. At present, the demodulation method of most fiber grating demodulation equipment on the market is the wavelength scanning demodulation of broadband light source. This kind of demodulation system has the advantages of high precision and large scanning range, but the cost is high. Due to the tunable broadband laser As a light source, the price is high, resulting in a high price for the demodulation instrument. At the same time, due to the complex structure, the power consumption of the entire instrument is relatively large during use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种光纤光栅解调系统，使用时能够低成本地实现扫描光源法，为光纤光栅传感系统提供波长扫描的激光，并且光源能够在稳定的工作环境温度下进行波长扫描。In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fiber grating demodulation system, which can realize the scanning light source method at low cost during use, and provide wavelength-scanned laser light for the fiber grating sensing system, and the light source can operate under a stable working environment temperature. wavelength scan.
一种光纤光栅解调系统，包括光源系统和光纤光栅传感系统；所述光源系统包括窄带激光器、温控模块和驱动模块，所述驱动模块与窄带激光器连接并驱动窄带激光器发光；所述温控模块或驱动模块向所述窄带激光器发送温控信号使窄带激光器的腔内温度在一定范围内扫描，窄带激光器的中心波长随温度变化而在其带宽范围内扫描；所述温控模块还包括温控器，所述温控器用于控制所述窄带激光器工作环境温度为稳定值；所述光源系统输出中心波长扫描的窄带激光，该窄带激光进入所述光纤光栅传感系统。A fiber grating demodulation system, including a light source system and a fiber grating sensing system; the light source system includes a narrowband laser, a temperature control module and a drive module, the drive module is connected to the narrowband laser and drives the narrowband laser to emit light; the temperature The control module or the drive module sends a temperature control signal to the narrowband laser so that the cavity temperature of the narrowband laser scans within a certain range, and the central wavelength of the narrowband laser scans within its bandwidth as the temperature changes; the temperature control module also includes A temperature controller, the temperature controller is used to control the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser to a stable value; the light source system outputs a narrowband laser with center wavelength scanning, and the narrowband laser enters the fiber grating sensing system.
进一步的，所述温控器控制窄带激光器工作环境温度的所述稳定值处于窄带激光器的腔内温度扫描范围内。Further, the temperature controller controls the stable value of the operating environment temperature of the narrowband laser to be within the cavity temperature scanning range of the narrowband laser.
进一步的，所述窄带激光器的腔内温度扫描范围小于或等于10℃～50℃的范围，窄带激光器的工作环境温度的所述稳定值为30℃。Further, the cavity temperature scanning range of the narrowband laser is less than or equal to the range of 10°C to 50°C, and the stable value of the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser is 30°C.
进一步的，所述温控器采用半导体温控器，所述窄带激光器设置在半导体温控器的温控区域上。Further, the temperature controller adopts a semiconductor temperature controller, and the narrowband laser is arranged on the temperature control area of the semiconductor temperature controller.
进一步的，还包括散热机构，所述散热机构安装在半导体温控器上，半导体温控器进行制冷时，散热机构对半导体温控器的发热区域进行降温。Further, it also includes a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism is installed on the semiconductor thermostat, and when the semiconductor thermostat is cooling, the heat dissipation mechanism cools down the heat-generating area of the semiconductor thermostat.
进一步的，所述光纤光栅传感系统包括标准具，所述温控器同时控制标准具的工作环境温度为稳定值。Further, the optical fiber grating sensing system includes an etalon, and the temperature controller simultaneously controls the working environment temperature of the etalon to be a stable value.
进一步的，还包括热传导机构，所述窄带激光器和标准具设置在热传导机构上，所述温控器控制热传导机构的温度值为稳定值。Further, it also includes a heat conduction mechanism, the narrowband laser and the etalon are arranged on the heat conduction mechanism, and the temperature controller controls the temperature value of the heat conduction mechanism to a stable value.
进一步的，还包括保温机构，所述热传导机构设置在保温机构内。Further, it also includes a heat preservation mechanism, and the heat conduction mechanism is arranged in the heat preservation mechanism.
进一步的，所述保温机构的外表上还设有一层保温棉。Further, a layer of thermal insulation cotton is provided on the outer surface of the thermal insulation mechanism.
进一步的，热传导机构与保温机构形成保温腔，所述窄带激光器和标准具处于所述保温腔中。Further, the heat conduction mechanism and the heat preservation mechanism form a heat preservation chamber, and the narrow-band laser and the etalon are located in the heat preservation chamber.
本发明的有益效果体现在：本发明在使用时，窄带激光器通过热调谐的方式，其中心波长在带宽范围内扫描，从而为光纤光栅传感系统提供波长扫描的激光，同时温控器能够控制窄带激光器的工作环境温度使其达到稳定值，使窄带激光器能够在稳定的温度环境下进行波长扫描，提升本发明的热调谐过程的稳定性。The beneficial effect of the present invention is reflected in that: when the present invention is in use, the narrowband laser is thermally tuned, and its central wavelength scans within the bandwidth range, thereby providing wavelength-scanning laser for the fiber grating sensing system, and the temperature controller can control The temperature of the working environment of the narrowband laser makes it reach a stable value, so that the narrowband laser can perform wavelength scanning in a stable temperature environment, thereby improving the stability of the thermal tuning process of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。在所有附图中，类似的元件或部分一般由类似的附图标记标识。附图中，各元件或部分并不一定按照实际的比例绘制。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Throughout the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or parts are not necessarily drawn in actual scale.
图1为本发明的系统构成图；Fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention;
图2为一种实施例提供的部分结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram provided by an embodiment;
图3为使用保温机构时一种实施例的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment when using insulation mechanism;
图4为使用保温机构时的另一种实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment when using the heat preservation mechanism.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本申请使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
如图1所示，一种光纤光栅解调系统，包括光源系统和光纤光栅传感系统；其中光纤光栅传感系统，光纤光栅传感系统可采用市面上常见的构造。采用扫描光源法对光纤光栅传感器(FBG传感器)的反射谱进行波长监测，光源系统输出波长扫描的激光通过分光器分为两路，一路通过光耦合器与标准具连接，利用标准具的反射谱作为参考，利用峰值探测与多项式拟合进行波长解调，以用于波长校准拟合；另一路激光通过光耦合器到达光纤光栅传感器，光纤光栅传感器的反向散射光再反射回光耦合器(标准具和光纤光栅传感器前的光耦合器可采用光纤环形器来将反向散射光分至光纤环形器的第三端口再进入光电转换模块)，经光耦合器后进入光电转换模块进行光电转换，将光信号转换为电信号，进行数据采集，采集到的原始波形数据发送给计算机进行波长解调，通过解调程序，客户端便能够得到准确的光纤光栅传感器的波长数据，再进行计算得到光纤光栅传感器所附结构件的温度和形变数据，实现对结构件的长时间传感监测。As shown in Figure 1, a fiber grating demodulation system includes a light source system and a fiber grating sensing system; wherein the fiber grating sensing system and the fiber grating sensing system can adopt common structures on the market. Using the scanning light source method to monitor the wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG sensor), the laser light source system output wavelength scanning is divided into two paths through the beam splitter, one path is connected to the etalon through the optical coupler, and the reflection spectrum of the etalon is used As a reference, peak detection and polynomial fitting are used for wavelength demodulation for wavelength calibration and fitting; another laser beam reaches the fiber grating sensor through the optical coupler, and the backscattered light of the fiber grating sensor is reflected back to the optical coupler ( The optical coupler in front of the etalon and the fiber grating sensor can use a fiber circulator to split the backscattered light to the third port of the fiber circulator and then enter the photoelectric conversion module), and then enter the photoelectric conversion module for photoelectric conversion after passing through the optical coupler , convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and collect data. The collected original waveform data is sent to the computer for wavelength demodulation. Through the demodulation program, the client can obtain accurate wavelength data of the fiber grating sensor, and then calculate and obtain The temperature and deformation data of the structural parts attached to the fiber grating sensor can realize the long-term sensing and monitoring of the structural parts.
在传统的利用扫描光源法的光纤光栅传感系统中，可调谐的宽带激光器的成本较高，本发明首先提出光源系统使用窄带激光器。光源系统中还包括温控模块和驱动模块，驱动模块与窄带激光器连接，驱动模块主要用于给窄带激光器发送驱动电信号，以驱动窄带激光器发光；In the traditional fiber grating sensing system using the scanning light source method, the cost of the tunable broadband laser is relatively high. The present invention first proposes that the light source system uses a narrow-band laser. The light source system also includes a temperature control module and a drive module, the drive module is connected to the narrowband laser, and the drive module is mainly used to send a driving electrical signal to the narrowband laser to drive the narrowband laser to emit light;
温控模块或驱动模块向所述窄带激光器发送温控信号使窄带激光器的腔内温度在一定范围内扫描；温控信号一般为锯齿波信号，信号源可以设在在温控模块中也可以设置在驱动模块中，可以是常见的调制信号发生电路加设在两者内，也可以是驱动模块直接发送该锯齿波信号；采用温控信号调节腔内温度的方式一般称为热调谐。The temperature control module or the drive module sends a temperature control signal to the narrowband laser to scan the cavity temperature of the narrowband laser within a certain range; the temperature control signal is generally a sawtooth wave signal, and the signal source can be set in the temperature control module or can be set In the drive module, a common modulation signal generation circuit can be added to both, or the drive module can directly send the sawtooth wave signal; the method of using the temperature control signal to adjust the temperature in the cavity is generally called thermal tuning.
一般的，当窄带激光器采用蝶形封装的DFB激光器时，该类型的激光器自身通过内部的热电冷却器(TEC)来保证波长的精度，温控信号可以加载在窄带激光器内的TEC上，TEC是一种半导体制冷片，其具有温度调谐功能。由于腔内温度变化，那么窄带激光器的有源区折射率及光栅周期则会发生变化，温控信号采用扫描信号，使TEC的温度在一定范围内扫描，由于TEC设置在窄带激光器内，那么腔内温度便会随TEC的温度扫描而扫描；随之而来，窄带激光器的有源区折射率及光栅周期则跟随腔内温度扫描而变化，则窄带激光器的中心波长随温度变化而在其带宽范围内扫描；以上便是窄带激光器的热调谐过程。使用窄带激光器进行的波长扫描，一般的窄带激光器的波长扫描范围为4nm左右，该数值足以用于市面上绝大多数的光纤光栅传感器型号。Generally, when the narrowband laser adopts a DFB laser in a butterfly package, this type of laser itself uses an internal thermoelectric cooler (TEC) to ensure the accuracy of the wavelength, and the temperature control signal can be loaded on the TEC in the narrowband laser. The TEC is A semi-conductor refrigerating sheet has the function of temperature tuning. Due to the temperature change in the cavity, the refractive index of the active area of the narrowband laser and the period of the grating will change. The temperature control signal uses a scanning signal to make the temperature of the TEC scan within a certain range. Since the TEC is set in the narrowband laser, the cavity The internal temperature will be scanned along with the temperature scanning of the TEC; subsequently, the refractive index of the active region of the narrow-band laser and the period of the grating will change with the temperature scanning in the cavity, and the central wavelength of the narrow-band laser will change in its bandwidth as the temperature changes. Scanning in the range; the above is the thermal tuning process of the narrowband laser. For wavelength scanning using narrowband lasers, the wavelength scanning range of general narrowband lasers is about 4nm, which is sufficient for most fiber grating sensor models on the market.
优选的，本发明中的窄带激光器可采用分布反馈式(Distributed Feedback，DFB)激光器，其价格低、单色性好且线宽窄，3dB的带宽能够达到0.2nm的线宽。DFB激光器的中心波长能够与温度建立良好的线性关系，可以通过对激光器进行温度控制实现窄带光源扫描，一般的DFB激光器的波长扫描范围为4nm，可用于绝大多数光纤光栅传感器。Preferably, the narrow-band laser in the present invention can be a distributed feedback (Distributed Feedback, DFB) laser, which has low price, good monochromaticity and narrow line width, and the 3dB bandwidth can reach the line width of 0.2nm. The central wavelength of the DFB laser can establish a good linear relationship with the temperature, and the narrow-band light source scanning can be realized by controlling the temperature of the laser. The wavelength scanning range of the general DFB laser is 4nm, which can be used for most fiber grating sensors.
本发明为了解决热调谐的稳定性问题，温控模块还包括用于控制窄带激光器工作环境温度的温控器，温控器用于控制窄带激光器工作环境温度为稳定值，可设定好一个值使工作环境稳定在该设定的稳定值上，现有的温控器中一般包括温度监测和比较电路，以将工作环境温度调节至恒定的稳定值上，这样使得窄带激光器能够在稳定工作环境温度下进行热调谐，热调谐过程不会受到工作环境温度的波动而出现调谐误差；例如当工作环境温度高于所述稳定值时，温控器对工作环境温度进行降温，当工作环境温度低于所述稳定值时，温控器对工作环境温度进行升温；最终，光源系统输出中心波长扫描的窄带激光，该窄带激光进入光纤光栅传感系统，为光纤光栅传感系统提供波长扫描的激光。同时，窄带激光器的带宽窄、光功率高，可以分束给多路光纤光栅传感器使用，能够节省激光器。In order to solve the stability problem of thermal tuning in the present invention, the temperature control module also includes a temperature controller for controlling the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser. The temperature controller is used to control the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser to a stable value. A value can be set to The working environment is stable at the set stable value. The existing temperature controller generally includes a temperature monitoring and comparison circuit to adjust the working environment temperature to a constant stable value, so that the narrowband laser can stabilize the working environment temperature. The thermal tuning is carried out under the condition of thermal tuning, and the thermal tuning process will not be affected by the fluctuation of the working environment temperature and there will be tuning errors; When the stable value is reached, the temperature controller heats up the temperature of the working environment; finally, the light source system outputs a narrow-band laser with central wavelength scanning, and the narrow-band laser enters the fiber Bragg grating sensing system to provide wavelength-scanning laser for the fiber Bragg grating sensing system. At the same time, narrow-band lasers have narrow bandwidth and high optical power, and can be split into multiple fiber grating sensors to save lasers.
在本发明中，温控器的控制电路处于温控模块中，可采用市面常见的温控器，例如半导体温控器，其驱动控制电路位于温控模块中，其既可以加热也可以制冷。温控器控制窄带激光器工作环境的温度稳定值处于窄带激光器的腔内温度扫描范围内，最好使所述的温度稳定值不超出腔内温度扫描范围，若在扫描范围外，窄带激光器的热调谐还需克服与工作环境的温差再进行调谐，这样会导致热调谐难度加大且调谐效率降低。In the present invention, the control circuit of the thermostat is located in the temperature control module, and a common thermostat in the market can be used, such as a semiconductor thermostat, and its drive control circuit is located in the temperature control module, which can both heat and cool. The thermostat controls the stable temperature value of the working environment of the narrowband laser to be within the cavity temperature scanning range of the narrowband laser. It is better to keep the temperature stable value within the cavity temperature scanning range. Tuning also needs to overcome the temperature difference with the working environment before tuning, which will increase the difficulty of thermal tuning and reduce the tuning efficiency.
窄带激光器的腔内温度扫描范围小于或等于10℃～50℃的范围，这个范围值足以使窄带激光器的中心波长能够在其带宽范围内扫描完整。此外，由于本发明所应用的传感场景有时在室外有时在室内，平均温度为30℃左右，因此窄带激光器的工作环境温度设定的稳定值为30℃较为合适，且该稳定值为前述腔内温度扫描范围10℃～50℃的中间值，使得腔内温度在制冷和制热所克服的温差相同，从而使扫描过程中10～30℃的扫描时间和30～50℃的扫描时间的误差因素中不存在由工作环境温差导致的误差因素，从而能够平衡热调谐过程中制冷和制热过程的扫描时间。The temperature scanning range in the cavity of the narrowband laser is less than or equal to the range of 10°C to 50°C, and this range is sufficient to enable the central wavelength of the narrowband laser to scan completely within its bandwidth. In addition, since the sensing scene used in the present invention is sometimes outdoors and sometimes indoors, and the average temperature is about 30°C, it is more appropriate to set the stable value of the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser at 30°C, and the stable value of the aforementioned cavity The middle value of the internal temperature scanning range of 10°C to 50°C makes the temperature difference in the cavity temperature overcome by cooling and heating the same, so that the scanning time of 10°C to 30°C and the scanning time of 30°C to 50°C will have the same error in the scanning process There is no error factor caused by the temperature difference of the working environment in the factors, so that the scanning time of the cooling and heating processes in the thermal tuning process can be balanced.
优选的，如图2所示，温控器采用半导体温控器，窄带激光器2设置在半导体温控器的温控区域上，半导体温控器的温控区域为半导体制冷片1，半导体温控器的温度探测头安装在窄带激光器2上以实时监测窄带激光器2的温度(窄带激光器2的温度实际上就是其工作环境温度，即激光器内的工作温度)，半导体制冷片1的上表面或下表面在电信号的驱动下可以在制冷和制热状态之间切换，具体的可以是将窄带激光器2设置在半导体制冷片1的上表面或下表面上，半导体制冷片1对窄带激光器2的工作环境温度进行控制。例如当半导体温控器监测到窄带激光器2的工作环境温度大于稳定值时，半导体制冷片1与窄带激光器2接触的一面进行制冷，使工作环境温度达到前述稳定值；当半导体温控器监测到窄带激光器2的工作环境温度小于稳定值时，半导体制冷片1与窄带激光器2接触的一面进行制热，使工作环境温度达到前述稳定值。Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, the thermostat adopts a semiconductor thermostat, the narrowband laser 2 is arranged on the temperature control area of the semiconductor thermostat, the temperature control area of the semiconductor thermostat is a semiconductor cooling plate 1, and the semiconductor temperature control The temperature detection head of the laser is installed on the narrowband laser 2 to monitor the temperature of the narrowband laser 2 in real time (the temperature of the narrowband laser 2 is actually the temperature of its working environment, that is, the working temperature in the laser), and the upper surface or lower surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 1 The surface can be switched between cooling and heating states driven by electric signals. Specifically, the narrow-band laser 2 can be arranged on the upper or lower surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 1, and the work of the semiconductor cooling chip 1 on the narrow-band laser 2 The ambient temperature is controlled. For example, when the semiconductor thermostat monitors that the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser 2 is greater than a stable value, the side of the semiconductor cooling plate 1 in contact with the narrowband laser 2 is refrigerated, so that the working environment temperature reaches the aforementioned stable value; When the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser 2 is lower than the stable value, the side of the semiconductor cooling chip 1 in contact with the narrowband laser 2 is heated to make the working environment temperature reach the aforementioned stable value.
进一步的，还包括散热机构，散热机构安装在半导体温控器上，半导体温控器进行制冷时，此时半导体温控器的半导体制冷片相对于窄带激光器所在面的一面为发热状态，其散发的热量会影响到半导体制冷片对窄带激光器的制冷过程，因此采用散热机构对半导体温控器的发热区域进行降温。具体的，可以是窄带激光器设置在半导体制冷片的下表面上，半导体制冷片的下表面对窄带激光器的工作环境温度进行调节，将散热机构设置在半导体制冷片的上表面上；当半导体制冷片下表面进行制冷时，散热机构开启将其上表面的热量散去以免影响制冷过程。具体的，散热机构可以包括温度探测器和散热器，散热器设置在半导体制冷片的上表面，散热器例如可以是由风扇和散热片构成，散热片与该上表面接触，温度探测器实时监测该上表面的温度，当上表面发热时，散热器对半导体温控器的发热区域进行降温，且风扇功率可调，接近窄带激光器的工作环境的温度值的过程中，风扇的功率不断降低即风扇的转速不断降低来使温度准确地达到设定的稳定值，可采用现有技术例如比较算法进行功率调节。也可以是散热机构直接得到半导体温控器的工作信号，当其半导体制冷片与窄带激光器接触的一面制冷时，散热机构打开进行散热。Further, it also includes a heat dissipation mechanism. The heat dissipation mechanism is installed on the semiconductor thermostat. When the semiconductor thermostat is cooling, the semiconductor cooling plate of the semiconductor thermostat is in a state of heating relative to the side where the narrowband laser is located. The heat of the semiconductor cooler will affect the cooling process of the narrowband laser, so the heat dissipation mechanism is used to cool down the heat-generating area of the semiconductor thermostat. Specifically, it may be that the narrowband laser is arranged on the lower surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the lower surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet regulates the working environment temperature of the narrowband laser, and the heat dissipation mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet; when the semiconductor refrigerating sheet When the lower surface is cooling, the cooling mechanism is turned on to dissipate the heat on the upper surface so as not to affect the cooling process. Specifically, the heat dissipation mechanism may include a temperature detector and a radiator. The radiator is arranged on the upper surface of a semiconductive cooling sheet. The radiator may be composed of a fan and a radiator, for example. The radiator contacts the upper surface, and the temperature detector monitors the temperature in real time. The temperature of the upper surface, when the upper surface heats up, the radiator cools down the heat-generating area of the semiconductor thermostat, and the power of the fan is adjustable. In the process of approaching the temperature value of the working environment of the narrowband laser, the power of the fan is continuously reduced. The speed of the fan is continuously reduced to make the temperature accurately reach the set stable value, and the power adjustment can be performed by using existing technology such as a comparison algorithm. It can also be that the heat dissipation mechanism directly receives the working signal of the semiconductor thermostat, and when the side of the semiconductor cooling plate in contact with the narrowband laser cools, the heat dissipation mechanism opens to dissipate heat.
光纤光栅传感系统包括标准具，标准具基本是光纤光栅传感系统中必备的设备，用于波长校准拟合，温控器同时控制标准具的工作环境温度为稳定值，该稳定值可以和前述的窄带激光器工作环境温度的稳定值不一致。例如窄带激光器的工作环境被温控器控制在30℃时，温控器可将标准具的工作环境温度控制在25℃。因此温控器在本发明中起到了额外的作用，使标准具处于稳定的温度值，从而使标准具提供的参考波长处于稳定状态，优化了波长校准拟合过程。具体的，当温控器为单个半导体温控器时，例如图2所示的实施例，将标准具3和窄带激光器2设置在半导体制冷片1的同一面上以方便地进行同时温控，若将标准具3和窄带激光器2设置在单个半导体温控器上时，标准具3和窄带激光器2的工作环境温度则为同等的稳定值。Fiber Bragg grating sensing system includes etalon, etalon is basically the necessary equipment in the fiber grating sensing system, used for wavelength calibration and fitting, the temperature controller controls the working environment temperature of the etalon to a stable value at the same time, the stable value can be It is inconsistent with the stable value of the working environment temperature of the aforementioned narrowband laser. For example, when the working environment of the narrowband laser is controlled at 30°C by the temperature controller, the temperature controller can control the working environment temperature of the etalon at 25°C. Therefore, the temperature controller plays an additional role in the present invention to keep the etalon at a stable temperature value, so that the reference wavelength provided by the etalon is in a stable state, and the wavelength calibration and fitting process is optimized. Specifically, when the thermostat is a single semiconductor thermostat, such as the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the etalon 3 and the narrowband laser 2 are arranged on the same surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 1 to facilitate simultaneous temperature control, If the etalon 3 and the narrow-band laser 2 are set on a single semiconductor temperature controller, the working environment temperatures of the etalon 3 and the narrow-band laser 2 are the same stable value.
由于半导体制冷片的温控区域一般较小且难以与其他各种形态的机构进行贴附安装，本发明提出一种优选实施例，还包括热传导机构，窄带激光器和标准具设置在热传导机构上，温控器控制热传导机构的温度值为稳定值，温控器首先将热传导机构的温度调节恒定在稳定值上，热传导机构再将稳定的温度值传导给窄带激光器和标准具，使窄带激光器和标准具的工作环境温度达到稳定值。具体的，当温控器采用半导体温控器时，将热传导机构与半导体温控器的温控区域接触即可，可以将热传导机构制成金属板，优选铜制金属板，再使金属板与半导体温控器的温控区域互相接触，金属板的面积可以任意定制使其更加的便于贴附窄带激光器和标准具。Since the temperature control area of the semiconductor cooling chip is generally small and it is difficult to attach and install it with other various forms of mechanisms, the present invention proposes a preferred embodiment, which also includes a heat conduction mechanism, and the narrowband laser and the etalon are arranged on the heat conduction mechanism. The temperature controller controls the temperature value of the heat conduction mechanism to a stable value. The temperature controller first adjusts the temperature of the heat conduction mechanism to a stable value, and then the heat conduction mechanism transmits the stable temperature value to the narrowband laser and the etalon, so that the narrowband laser and the standard The working environment temperature of the tool reaches a stable value. Specifically, when the thermostat adopts a semiconductor thermostat, it is enough to contact the heat conduction mechanism with the temperature control area of the semiconductor thermostat. The heat conduction mechanism can be made into a metal plate, preferably a copper metal plate, and then the metal plate and The temperature control areas of the semiconductor thermostat are in contact with each other, and the area of the metal plate can be customized to make it easier to attach narrowband lasers and etalons.
进一步的，还包括保温机构，如图3所示，热传导机构4设置在保温机构5内，保温机构5可以是盒状的保温器，保温机构5可以采用保温性能优良的有机玻璃保温盒，将热传导机构4设置在保温机构5内可使外界环境难以影响热传导机构4以及窄带激光器和标准具的温度，使两者的工作环境温度更加稳定。并且保温机构5的外表上还设有一层保温棉以进一步提高保温性能。还可以是热传导机构4与保温机构5形成保温腔，窄带激光器和标准具处于所述保温腔中；具体的，保温机构5可采用上方开口的有机玻璃保温盒，有机玻璃保温盒的导热系数低，将窄带激光器和标准具设置在热传导机构4的下表面上，热传导机构4的尺寸设计为符合有机玻璃保温盒的上方开口尺寸，将热传导机构4盖入有机玻璃保温盒，使热传导机构4和有机玻璃保温盒形成一个位于热传导机构4下方的保温腔，热传导机构4的下表面朝下使得窄带激光器和标准具处于该保温腔中，使得窄带激光器和标准具更不易受外界温度影响，半导体制冷片1贴附在热传导机构4的上表面以对热传导机构4进行温度控制。当窄带激光器和标准具的温度达到稳定值时，由于保温腔的保温效果，温控器可以长时间不工作或以低功率工作，这样能够节省能源，使得本发明在电源匮乏的场景中能够使用较长时间。如图4所示，采用保温机构5时，可将散热机构安装在半导体制冷片1的上表面上，当散热机构包括散热片6和风扇7时，散热片6安装在半导体制冷片1的上表面。Further, it also includes a thermal insulation mechanism, as shown in Figure 3, the heat conduction mechanism 4 is arranged in the thermal insulation mechanism 5, the thermal insulation mechanism 5 can be a box-shaped insulator, and the thermal insulation mechanism 5 can adopt a plexiglass insulation box with excellent thermal insulation performance. The heat conduction mechanism 4 is arranged in the heat preservation mechanism 5 to make it difficult for the external environment to affect the temperature of the heat conduction mechanism 4 and the narrowband laser and the etalon, so that the working environment temperature of the two is more stable. And the appearance of the thermal insulation mechanism 5 is also provided with a layer of thermal insulation cotton to further improve thermal insulation performance. It can also be that the heat conduction mechanism 4 and the heat preservation mechanism 5 form a heat preservation chamber, and the narrowband laser and the etalon are in the heat preservation chamber; specifically, the heat preservation mechanism 5 can adopt a plexiglass heat preservation box with an upper opening, and the plexiglass heat preservation box has a low thermal conductivity , the narrow-band laser and the etalon are arranged on the lower surface of the heat conduction mechanism 4, the size of the heat conduction mechanism 4 is designed to meet the upper opening size of the plexiglass heat preservation box, and the heat conduction mechanism 4 is covered in the plexiglass heat preservation box, so that the heat conduction mechanism 4 and The plexiglass heat preservation box forms a heat preservation chamber located below the heat conduction mechanism 4. The lower surface of the heat conduction mechanism 4 faces downward so that the narrowband laser and the etalon are in the heat preservation chamber, making the narrowband laser and the etalon less susceptible to the influence of the external temperature. Semiconductor refrigeration The sheet 1 is attached on the upper surface of the heat conduction mechanism 4 to control the temperature of the heat conduction mechanism 4 . When the temperature of the narrowband laser and the etalon reaches a stable value, due to the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity, the temperature controller can not work for a long time or work with low power, which can save energy and make the present invention can be used in the scene of power shortage longer time. As shown in Figure 4, when using the heat preservation mechanism 5, the heat dissipation mechanism can be installed on the upper surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 1. surface.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. All of them should be covered by the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.
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| CN201910942878.XACN110542444A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | A fiber grating demodulation system |
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| CN201910942878.XACN110542444A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | A fiber grating demodulation system |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20191206 |