技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种缓存数据发送处理方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a method and device for sending and processing cached data.
背景技术Background technique
随着电视信号数字化的普及，互联网电视(IPTV，Internet ProtocolTelevision)技术也被广泛地应用。目前，绝大多数IPTV中都引入了快速频道切换(FCC，Fast Channel Change)服务器。FCC服务器发给客户端的首帧永远是I帧，因此，终端能够快速展示频道信息。FCC服务器在进行频道切换时，通过单播以快发倍速的优势先向终端发送缓存中的目的频道码流，以便终端解码器可以尽快获得最近的一个完整I帧，当单播码流追赶上组播码流时，通知终端切换到多播组中，继续接收目标频道直播码码流。With popularization of digitization of television signals, Internet Protocol Television (IPTV, Internet Protocol Television) technology is also widely used. Currently, Fast Channel Change (FCC, Fast Channel Change) servers are introduced into most IPTVs. The first frame sent by the FCC server to the client is always an I frame, so the terminal can quickly display channel information. When the FCC server performs channel switching, it first sends the destination channel code stream in the cache to the terminal through unicast with the advantage of fast transmission and double speed, so that the terminal decoder can obtain the latest complete I frame as soon as possible. When the unicast code stream catches up When the stream is multicast, the terminal is notified to switch to the multicast group and continue to receive the live stream of the target channel.
但是引入FCC服务器后，在实现频道切换速度提升的同时，对用户侧的接入网络的带宽会带来较大的波动，也就是需要更大的网络带宽，在直播情况下，这会带来用户最不喜欢的卡顿现象的发生，从而影响用户的直播观看体验。However, after the FCC server is introduced, while the speed of channel switching is improved, the bandwidth of the access network on the user side will cause large fluctuations, that is, a larger network bandwidth is required. In the case of live broadcast, this will bring The occurrence of the freeze phenomenon that the user dislikes the most, thus affecting the user's live viewing experience.
发明内容Contents of the invention
由于现有方法存在上述问题，本发明实施例提出一种缓存数据发送处理方法及装置。Since the above-mentioned problems exist in the existing methods, the embodiments of the present invention propose a method and device for sending and processing cached data.
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种缓存数据发送处理方法，包括：In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending and processing buffered data, including:
当服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息时，采用第一预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；When the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, it sends the cached data of the server to the client at a first preset rate;
其中，所述接收消息为所述客户端接收到组播序列号的消息；Wherein, the receiving message is a message that the client receives a multicast sequence number;
所述第一预设速率低于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。The first preset rate is lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
优选地，在所述服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息之前，还包括：Preferably, before the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, it further includes:
当所述服务器收到所述客户端的请求服务时，采用第二预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；When the server receives the service request from the client, send the cached data of the server to the client at a second preset rate;
其中，所述第二预设速率高于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。Wherein, the second preset rate is higher than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
优选地，所述缓存数据发送处理方法还包括：Preferably, the buffered data sending processing method further includes:
在所述服务器通知所述客户端加入组播至所述服务器收到所述客户端发送的接收消息的时间段内，采用所述服务器接收组播流的速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据。During the period from when the server notifies the client to join the multicast to when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, the server sends the multicast stream to the client at the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream. cached data.
优选地，所述第一预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的X倍；Preferably, the first preset rate is X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
优选地，所述第二预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的1+X倍；Preferably, the second preset rate is 1+X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种缓存数据发送处理装置，包括：In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for sending and processing buffered data, including:
第一发送模块，用于当服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息时，采用第一预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；The first sending module is configured to send the cached data of the server to the client at a first preset rate when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client;
其中，所述接收消息为所述客户端接收到组播序列号的消息；Wherein, the receiving message is a message that the client receives a multicast sequence number;
所述第一预设速率低于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。The first preset rate is lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
优选地，所述缓存数据发送处理装置，还包括：Preferably, the device for sending and processing cached data further includes:
第二发送模块，用于在所述服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息之前，当所述服务器收到所述客户端的请求服务时，采用第二预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；The second sending module is configured to send the server message to the client at a second preset rate when the server receives the service request from the client before the server receives the receiving message sent by the client. cached data;
其中，所述第二预设速率高于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。Wherein, the second preset rate is higher than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
优选地，所述缓存数据发送处理装置，还包括：Preferably, the device for sending and processing cached data further includes:
第三发送模块，用于在所述服务器通知所述客户端加入组播至所述服务器收到所述客户端发送的接收消息的时间段内，采用所述服务器接收组播流的速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据。The third sending module is configured to use the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream to send the multicast stream to the server during the period from when the server notifies the client to join the multicast to when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client. The client sends the cached data of the server.
优选地，所述第一预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的X倍；Preferably, the first preset rate is X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
优选地，所述第二预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的1+X倍；Preferably, the second preset rate is 1+X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
第三方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如第一方面所述的缓存数据发送处理方法。In the third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the first The cache data transmission processing method described in the aspect.
第四方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的缓存数据发送处理方法。In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for sending and processing cached data as described in the first aspect is implemented .
由上述技术方案可知，本发明实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法及装置，当服务器收到客户端发送的客户端接收到组播序列号的消息时，通过采用低于服务器接收组播流速率的第一预设速率向客户端发送服务器的缓存数据，从而减少了服务器的运算和高带宽输出的时间，便于提升服务能力，同时有效降低了客户端处理的数据量，提升了客户端的效率和稳定性，避免了播放卡顿等问题。It can be seen from the above technical solution that in the buffered data transmission processing method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention, when the server receives the message that the client has received the multicast serial number sent by the client, it uses a rate lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream. The first preset rate sends the server's cached data to the client, thereby reducing the server's computing and high-bandwidth output time, facilitating the improvement of service capabilities, and effectively reducing the amount of data processed by the client, improving the client's efficiency and Stability, avoiding problems such as playback freezes.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明一实施例提供的一种缓存数据发送处理方法的流程示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for sending and processing buffered data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为现有技术提供的一种典型的TS的GOP的示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical TS GOP provided by the prior art;
图3是现有技术提供的一个标准的IPTV直播在加入了FCC服务器后的服务流程示意图；Fig. 3 is a service flow schematic diagram of a standard IPTV live broadcast provided by the prior art after the FCC server is added;
图4为本发明一实施例提供的服务器端的速率发送控制策略示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a server-side rate transmission control strategy provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明一实施例提供的无速率控制和有速率控制的带宽变化对比图；Fig. 5 is a comparison chart of bandwidth changes without rate control and with rate control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明一实施例提供的一种缓存数据发送处理装置的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for sending and processing cached data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明一实施例提供的电子设备的逻辑框图。Fig. 7 is a logic block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
图1示出了本实施例提供的一种缓存数据发送处理方法的流程示意图，如图1所示，本实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法包括如下处理过程：Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a buffered data sending processing method provided in this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the buffered data sending processing method provided in this embodiment includes the following processing process:
S101、当服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息时，采用第一预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；S101. When the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, send the cached data of the server to the client at a first preset rate;
其中，所述接收消息为所述客户端接收到组播序列号的消息；Wherein, the receiving message is a message that the client receives a multicast sequence number;
所述第一预设速率低于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。The first preset rate is lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
在本实施例中，所述服务器指快速频道切换服务器，也即FCC(Fast ChannelChange)服务器。所述客户端是指视频播放终端，也称为终端播放器。In this embodiment, the server refers to a fast channel change server, that is, an FCC (Fast Channel Change) server. The client refers to a video playback terminal, also called a terminal player.
在本实施例中，首先介绍下本发明实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法的应用背景：互联网电视(IPTV，Internet Protocol Television)的直播业务与传统广播业务不同，是由视频播放终端首先加入频道码流所在的多播组，再对接收的组播频道码流进行解码。也即，与传统的广电直播不同，IPTV业务的直播基于IP的组播模式进行。在IPTV业务的直播中，内容服务提供商提供的视频流多基于TS(Transport Stream)格式进行传输，为确保视频流能够有序的分发到客户端，需要通过RTP(Reliable Transport Protocol)进行封装，然后再推送分发到客户端。同时，由于IPTV使用的视频编码算法，直播的频道码流被编码为由I帧、P帧和B帧组成的图像序列，如图2所示，I帧通常是每个GOP(Group of Pictures，画面组)的第一个帧，经过适度地压缩，作为随机访问的参考点，可以直接显示为图像，I帧一般压缩效率最低且体积最大，B帧和P帧需要基于前后向的帧才能够正确的解析和显示，压缩效率大且体积相对I帧小，典型的TS的GOP如图2所示。为在视频质量和传输体积大小之间平衡，内容服务商提供的TS流的GOP一般为2秒。在客户端接收RTP流时，收到的首帧可能为两个I帧(关键帧)间隔间的任何帧，若客户端首先收到的I帧，由于I帧的特性，客户端可以直接显示展现画面，若客户端先收到的是P帧和B帧，由于P、B帧的特点，需要依赖前向的I帧到本帧之间的前序帧来进行解析，才能生成本帧的画面，而由于直播的特点，I帧和前序帧已发完，不可能再发，所以客户端需要等待接收到下一个I帧才能显示，这样会直接导致延长频道切换时第一个画面的等待时间。为改进频道切换的体验，在IPTV业务中，通过部署FCC(Fast Channel Change)服务器来解决，如图3所示，客户端请求时，先访问FCC服务器，FCC服务器会快速定位到缓存的I帧，然后将I帧及后续帧序列快速分发到客户端，客户端接收到帧序列后进行展示播放，同时，访问组播服务器，在组播与FCC发送的帧序列后，切换到组播上进行播放。由于FCC服务器发给客户端的首帧永远是I帧包，所以终端能够快速展示频道信息。In this embodiment, the application background of the buffered data transmission processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is first introduced: the live service of Internet TV (IPTV, Internet Protocol Television) is different from the traditional broadcast service, and the video playback terminal first joins the channel The multicast group where the code stream is located, and then decode the received multicast channel code stream. That is, different from the traditional live broadcasting of radio and television, the live broadcasting of IPTV services is based on the IP multicast mode. In the live broadcast of IPTV services, the video streams provided by the content service provider are mostly transmitted based on the TS (Transport Stream) format. To ensure that the video streams can be distributed to the client in an orderly manner, they need to be encapsulated by RTP (Reliable Transport Protocol). Then push the distribution to the client. At the same time, due to the video encoding algorithm used by IPTV, the live channel code stream is encoded into an image sequence composed of I frames, P frames and B frames, as shown in Figure 2, and I frames are usually each GOP (Group of Pictures, The first frame of the group of pictures) is moderately compressed, and as a reference point for random access, it can be directly displayed as an image. Generally, the I frame has the lowest compression efficiency and the largest volume, and the B frame and P frame need to be based on forward and backward frames. Correct analysis and display, high compression efficiency and smaller volume than I frame, typical TS GOP is shown in Figure 2. In order to balance between video quality and transmission volume, the GOP of the TS stream provided by the content service provider is generally 2 seconds. When the client receives the RTP stream, the first frame received may be any frame between two I frames (key frames). If the client receives the I frame first, due to the characteristics of the I frame, the client can directly display To display the screen, if the client first receives the P frame and B frame, due to the characteristics of P and B frames, it needs to rely on the preceding frame between the forward I frame and this frame for parsing, so as to generate the current frame Due to the characteristics of the live broadcast, the I frame and the previous frame have been sent, and it is impossible to send it again, so the client needs to wait for the next I frame to be displayed, which will directly lead to the extension of the first screen when the channel is switched. waiting time. In order to improve the experience of channel switching, in the IPTV service, it is solved by deploying an FCC (Fast Channel Change) server, as shown in Figure 3, when the client requests, it first accesses the FCC server, and the FCC server will quickly locate the cached I frame , and then quickly distribute the I frame and subsequent frame sequences to the client, and the client will display and play after receiving the frame sequence, and at the same time, access the multicast server, and switch to the multicast for the play. Since the first frame sent by the FCC server to the client is always an I frame packet, the terminal can quickly display channel information.
但在频道切换速度提升的同时，带来了另外一个问题，对用户侧的接入网络的带宽会带来较大的波动，在直播情况下，可能会带来卡顿等影响播放体验的影响。同时，终端播放器同时接收组播流和FCC的单播流，对播放器的缓存策略等造成较大的影响。例如，图3为一个标准的IPTV直播在加入了FCC服务器后的服务流程，这里假定频道的平均码率为1。从图3中可以看出，在第六步中，会发送FCC的单播流，以1+X(其中的X>0)的速率发送，从此时开始终端接收的带宽为：FCC的单播流带宽1*(1+X)。在第9步开始，组播网络设备也开始向终端设备发送组播流，组播流的速率为1*1，带宽为1，从这个时刻开始，终端接收的带宽为：组播流的带宽+单播流的带宽＝1+1+X＝2+X。到第十三步，结束了单播后，带宽恢复到组播流的带宽为X。从图3以及上面描述中可以看出，当以恒定速率提供FCC服务时，带宽最大2+X，也就是频道码率的2倍以上，对网络设备、用户的接入网络的带宽影响较大，有可能会导致播放卡顿等问题。However, while the speed of channel switching is increased, another problem has been brought about. The bandwidth of the access network on the user side will cause large fluctuations. In the case of live broadcast, it may cause stuttering and other impacts that affect the playback experience. . At the same time, the terminal player receives the multicast stream and the FCC unicast stream at the same time, which has a great impact on the caching strategy of the player. For example, Figure 3 shows the service flow of a standard IPTV live broadcast after joining the FCC server, where it is assumed that the average bit rate of the channel is 1. It can be seen from Figure 3 that in the sixth step, the FCC unicast stream will be sent at a rate of 1+X (where X>0), and the bandwidth received by the terminal from now on is: FCC unicast stream Stream bandwidth 1*(1+X). Starting from step 9, the multicast network device also starts to send multicast streams to terminal devices. The rate of multicast streams is 1*1, and the bandwidth is 1. From this moment on, the bandwidth received by terminals is: the bandwidth of multicast streams +Bandwidth of unicast stream=1+1+X=2+X. In the thirteenth step, after the unicast is ended, the bandwidth is restored to the bandwidth X of the multicast stream. From Figure 3 and the above description, it can be seen that when FCC services are provided at a constant rate, the maximum bandwidth is 2+X, which is more than twice the channel code rate, which has a great impact on the bandwidth of network devices and users' access networks , which may cause problems such as playback lag.
基于上述应用背景可知，当终端播放器请求FCC服务器提供单播媒体流时，FCC服务器需要从请求的频道缓存中快速定位到距离当前时刻最近或者次近的I帧位置，然后将I帧及后续帧序列给到客户端。若假定FCC服务器接收组播流的速率为1，向客户端发送单播流的速率为(1+X)，X为发送给客户端的速率与所述客户端接收的组播接收速率的差值。由图3可以看出，在第6步中，FCC以1+X(其中的X>0)的速率发送单播流，从此时开始终端接收的带宽为：FCC的单播流带宽1×(1+X)。在第9步开始，组播网络设备也开始向终端设备发送组播流，组播流的速率为1×1，带宽为1，从这个时刻开始，终端接收的带宽为：组播流的带宽+单播流的带宽＝1+1+X＝2+X。当FCC服务器以恒定速率提供FCC服务时，带宽最大2+X，也就是频道码率的2倍以上，对网络设备、用户的接入网络的带宽影响较大，甚至可能导致播放卡顿等问题。因此，在本实施例中，在FCC服务器服务过程中，为了保证客户端能够进行快速的频道切换，避免客户端出现播放卡顿等问题，采用了一种速率降低的思想，下面将对本实施例提供的具体实现方法给予详细说明。Based on the above application background, when a terminal player requests the FCC server to provide a unicast media stream, the FCC server needs to quickly locate the I frame position closest or next to the current time from the requested channel cache, and then send the I frame and subsequent The sequence of frames is given to the client. If it is assumed that the rate at which the FCC server receives the multicast stream is 1, the rate at which the unicast stream is sent to the client is (1+X), where X is the difference between the rate sent to the client and the multicast reception rate received by the client . It can be seen from Figure 3 that in step 6, the FCC sends the unicast stream at a rate of 1+X (where X>0), and the bandwidth received by the terminal from now on is: the bandwidth of the FCC unicast stream 1×( 1+X). Starting from step 9, the multicast network device also starts to send multicast streams to the terminal devices. The rate of the multicast stream is 1×1, and the bandwidth is 1. From this moment on, the bandwidth received by the terminal is: the bandwidth of the multicast stream +Bandwidth of unicast stream=1+1+X=2+X. When the FCC server provides FCC services at a constant rate, the maximum bandwidth is 2+X, which is more than twice the channel code rate, which has a great impact on the bandwidth of network equipment and users' access to the network, and may even cause problems such as playback freezes . Therefore, in this embodiment, during the service process of the FCC server, in order to ensure that the client can quickly switch channels and avoid problems such as playback freezes at the client, a thought of rate reduction is adopted. The following will describe this embodiment The specific implementation method provided is given in detail.
可以理解的是，在IPTV直播业务中，共存在以下几个关键时间节点，分别为T1、T0、T1、T2、T3：It can be understood that in the IPTV live broadcast service, there are the following key time nodes, namely T1 , T0 , T1 , T2 , and T3 :
在本实施例中，从上述时刻T2开始，也即当FCC服务器收到客户端发送的客户端接收到组播序列号的消息时，由于此时客户端已经开始接收组播数据，因此，FCC服务器只需要将剩余的缓存数据以低速方式发送给客户端即可。也即当FCC服务器收到客户端发送的客户端接收到组播序列号的消息时，通过采用低于FCC服务器接收组播流速率的第一预设速率向客户端发送FCC服务器的缓存数据，从而减少了FCC服务器的运算和高带宽输出的时间，便于提升服务能力，同时有效降低了客户端处理的数据量，提升了客户端的效率和稳定性，避免了播放卡顿等问题。In this embodiment, starting from the above time T2, that is, when the FCC server receives the message sent by the client that the client has received the multicast sequence number, since the client has already started receiving multicast data at this time, therefore, The FCC server only needs to send the remaining cached data to the client at a low speed. That is, when the FCC server receives the message sent by the client that the client has received the multicast serial number, it sends the cached data of the FCC server to the client at a first preset rate lower than the rate at which the FCC server receives the multicast stream, In this way, the calculation and high-bandwidth output time of the FCC server is reduced, which facilitates the improvement of service capabilities. At the same time, the amount of data processed by the client is effectively reduced, the efficiency and stability of the client are improved, and problems such as playback freezes are avoided.
由上述技术方案可知，本发明实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法，当服务器收到客户端发送的客户端接收到组播序列号的消息时，通过采用低于服务器接收组播流速率的第一预设速率向客户端发送服务器的缓存数据，从而减少了服务器的运算和高带宽输出的时间，便于提升服务能力，同时有效降低了客户端处理的数据量，提升了客户端的效率和稳定性，避免了播放卡顿等问题。It can be seen from the above technical solution that in the buffered data transmission processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the server receives the message sent by the client that the client has received the multicast sequence number, it adopts the second rate lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream. Send the server's cached data to the client at a preset rate, thereby reducing the server's computing and high-bandwidth output time, facilitating the improvement of service capabilities, and effectively reducing the amount of data processed by the client, improving the efficiency and stability of the client , to avoid problems such as playback freezes.
基于上述实施例的内容，在本实施例中，在所述服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息之前，所述缓存数据发送处理方法还包括：Based on the content of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, before the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, the method for sending and processing buffered data further includes:
步骤100：当所述服务器收到所述客户端的请求服务时，采用第二预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；其中，所述第二预设速率高于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。Step 100: When the server receives the service request from the client, it sends the cached data of the server to the client at a second preset rate; wherein, the second preset rate is higher than that of the server The rate at which multicast streams are received.
在本实施例中，所述服务器收到所述客户端的请求服务是指所述客户端对单播流的请求服务。In this embodiment, the server receiving the client's service request refers to the client's service request for the unicast stream.
在实施例中，从上述时刻T0开始，也即当FCC服务器收到所述客户端的FCC请求服务时，由于此时需要确保客户端能够快速接收到缓存数据，故需要以较高的速率将缓冲数据发送给客户端，因此，当FCC服务器收到客户端的FCC请求服务时，采用高于所述服务器接收组播流速率的第二预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据。In an embodiment, starting from the above timeT0 , that is, when the FCC server receives the FCC request service from the client, it is necessary to ensure that the client can quickly receive the cached data at this time, so it needs to send the cached data at a higher rate. The buffered data is sent to the client. Therefore, when the FCC server receives the FCC request service from the client, it sends the buffered data of the server to the client at a second preset rate higher than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream. .
基于上述各实施例的内容，在本实施例中，所述缓存数据发送处理方法还包括：Based on the contents of the foregoing embodiments, in this embodiment, the method for sending and processing buffered data further includes:
在所述服务器通知所述客户端加入组播至所述服务器收到所述客户端发送的接收消息的时间段内，采用所述服务器接收组播流的速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据。During the period from when the server notifies the client to join the multicast to when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client, the server sends the multicast stream to the client at the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream. cached data.
在本实施例中，从上述时刻T1开始，由于FCC服务器已经经过了以较高的速率将缓冲数据发送给客户端的“快发阶段”，因此，FCC服务器此时的任务就是确保客户端能够平稳过渡即可，因此，可以采用一种介于较低的第一预设速率和较高的第二预设速率之间的中等速率将缓冲数据发送给客户端，因此，在FCC服务器通知客户端加入组播至FCC服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息的时间段内(也即上述的T1至T2时间段内)，可以优选采用所述FCC服务器接收组播流的速率向客户端发送FCC服务器的缓存数据。In this embodiment, starting from the above time T1, since the FCC server has passed the "fast sending stage" of sending buffered data to the client at a relatively high rate, the task of the FCC server at this time is to ensure that the client can A smooth transition is all that is needed, so buffered data can be sent to the client at a medium rate between the lower first preset rate and the higher second preset rate, so after the FCC server notifies the client During the period from when the terminal joins the multicast to the time period when the FCC server receives the receiving message sent by the client (that is, within the above-mentioned T1 to T2 time period), the rate at which the FCC server receives the multicast stream can preferably be sent to the client Send the cached data of the FCC server.
根据上面各实施例的描述可知，在本发明实施例中，共可分为三个阶段，分别为T0至T1时间段、T1至T2时间段，以及T2至T3时间段。其中，在T0至T1时间段内，由于此时FCC服务器需要确保客户端能够快速接收到缓存数据，故需要以较高的速率将缓冲数据发送给客户端，因此，在这段时间内采用较高的第二预设速率向客户端发送缓存数据。而在T1至T2时间段内，由于此时FCC服务器已经经过了以较高的速率将缓冲数据发送给客户端的“快发阶段”，因此，FCC服务器只需确保客户端能够平稳过渡即可，故这段时间内可以采用一种低于所述第二预设速率的中等速率(如采用所述服务器接收组播流的速率)向客户端发送缓存数据。而在T2至T3时间段内，由于此时客户端已经开始接收组播数据，因此，FCC服务器只需要将剩余的缓存数据以低速方式发送给客户端即可，因此在这段时间内可以采用一种低于所述中等速率的第一预设速率向客户端发送缓存数据。由此可见，本发明实施例在不同的时间段以不同的速率向客户端发送服务器端缓存数据，且速率变化方式是逐渐降低，从而减少了服务器的运算和高带宽输出的时间，便于提升服务能力，同时有效降低了客户端处理的数据量，提升了客户端的效率和稳定性，避免播放卡顿等问题。此外，本发明实施例提供的这种在不同的时间段以不同的速率向客户端发送服务器端缓存数据的控制方式，实现起来也较为简便，避免了复杂的控制策略，减少了FCC服务器的运算，便于提升服务能力。According to the descriptions of the above embodiments, in the embodiments of the present invention, it can be divided into three stages, namely, the time period from T0 to T1 , the time period from T1 to T2 , and the time period from T2 to T3 . Among them, during the time period from T0 to T1 , because the FCC server needs to ensure that the client can quickly receive the buffered data, it needs to send the buffered data to the client at a higher rate. Therefore, during this period The cached data is sent to the client at a higher second preset rate. However, during the time period from T1 toT2 , since the FCC server has already passed the "fast sending stage" of sending buffered data to the client ata relatively high rate, the FCC server only needs to ensure that the client can transition smoothly. Yes, so a medium rate lower than the second preset rate (for example, the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream) may be used to send buffered data to the client during this period of time. During the time period fromT2 toT3 , since the client has already started to receive multicast data at this time, the FCC server only needs to send the remaining cached data to the client at a low speed. Therefore, during this period The cached data may be sent to the client at a first preset rate lower than the middle rate. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention sends server-side cached data to the client at different rates in different time periods, and the rate change mode is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the server's computing and high-bandwidth output time, and facilitating service improvement. At the same time, it effectively reduces the amount of data processed by the client, improves the efficiency and stability of the client, and avoids problems such as playback freezes. In addition, the control method of sending server-side cached data to the client at different rates in different time periods and at different rates provided by the embodiment of the present invention is also relatively simple to implement, avoids complicated control strategies, and reduces the calculation of the FCC server. , to facilitate the improvement of service capabilities.
此外，在本发明实施例中，优选地，所述第一预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的X倍；所述第二预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的1+X倍；其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值。In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first preset rate is X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream; the second preset rate is the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream 1+X times; where X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client.
需要说明的是，当X≤0，会导致客户端观看的画面缓慢，和组播切换时，容易出现画面不连续的现象。若X过大，会导致画面和声音快速播放明显，用户体验差，甚至可能导致投诉，同时可能会导致FCC服务器缓存用尽，导致画面延迟等现象，因此，X值优选取一个相对合适的值，如X的取值范围优选为0.2≤X≤0.4，此外，作为一种更为优选的方案，X值可以设置为0.3。下面结合图4和图5所示内容对本发明实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法给予进一步的解释说明。It should be noted that when X≤0, it will cause the client to watch the picture slowly, and when the multicast is switched, the picture is prone to be discontinuous. If X is too large, it will cause obvious fast playback of the picture and sound, poor user experience, and may even cause complaints. At the same time, it may cause the FCC server cache to be exhausted, resulting in picture delay and other phenomena. Therefore, the value of X is preferably a relatively appropriate value. , for example, the value range of X is preferably 0.2≤X≤0.4. In addition, as a more preferred solution, the value of X can be set to 0.3. The method for sending and processing buffered data provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the content shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .
参见图4和图5，本发明实施例共包括有三个控制阶段，分别为：Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention includes three control stages altogether, are respectively:
第一阶段：T0到T1时间段(快发阶段)：The first stage: T0 to T1 time period (fast delivery stage):
以1+X的速率发送FCC服务器端缓存数据，确保客户端能够快速接收到数据，同时，尽可能的将缓存数据发送完。Send the FCC server-side cached data at a rate of 1+X to ensure that the client can receive the data quickly, and at the same time, send the cached data as much as possible.
第二阶段：T1到T2时间段(匀发阶段)：The second stage: T1 to T2 time period (even hair stage):
当FCC服务器端快发完毕，以1的速率发送FCC服务器端缓存数据，确保客户端能够平滑过渡。When the FCC server completes the fast sending, it will send the cached data of the FCC server at a rate of 1 to ensure a smooth transition for the client.
第三阶段：T2到T3时间段(慢发阶段)：The third stage: T2 to T3 time period (slow stage):
以X的速率发送FCC服务器端缓存数据，由于客户端已开始接收数据，只需要将剩余的缓存数据以低速方式发送给客户端即可。Send the FCC server-side cached data at X rate. Since the client has started to receive data, it only needs to send the remaining cached data to the client at a low speed.
举例来说，假定直播频道的码率为1M，发送标准速率为1，X为0.3，则对于无速率控制的FCC服务器和有速率控制的FCC服务器，客户端的带宽变化如图5所示，其中的具体数据对比如下表所示：For example, assuming that the code rate of the live channel is 1M, the transmission standard rate is 1, and X is 0.3, then for the FCC server without rate control and the FCC server with rate control, the bandwidth change of the client is shown in Figure 5, where The specific data comparison is shown in the table below:
通过执行本实施例提供的缓存数据发送处理方法，对FCC服务器来说：有效的减少了FCC高带宽输出的时间，从T3到的T0时间减少到从T1到T0的时间；从T1到T3的时间段，带宽持续下降，对于提升FCC服务器的吞吐量和减少服务器的负荷起到有效的提升；同时通过快发、匀发、慢发三个时间阶段划分，在不同阶段采用不同的速率发送策略，避免了复杂的控制策略，减少了FCC服务器的运算，便于提升服务能力。By executing the cached data transmission processing method provided in this embodiment, for the FCC server: the time for FCC high-bandwidth output is effectively reduced, and the time from T3 to T0 is reduced to the time from T1 to T0; the time from T1 to T3 During the time period, the bandwidth continues to decline, which effectively improves the throughput of the FCC server and reduces the load on the server; at the same time, it is divided into three time stages: fast transmission, uniform transmission, and slow transmission, and different rate transmission strategies are adopted in different stages , which avoids complex control strategies, reduces the calculation of the FCC server, and facilitates the improvement of service capabilities.
对客户端及带宽控制来说：有效的控制了客户端的带宽占用，对于平均码率为1M的视频直播内容，从客户端最大值2.3降为了2，节省了0.3M的带宽。若将码率提升为50M的4K内容，可以节省带宽为50×0.3＝15M，效果非常有效。带宽的降低也意味着终端系统处理的数据量的有效降低，对于提升终端的效率和稳定性，都带来了提升。高带宽时间段从T1到T3时间段内占用2.3M，变为从T1到T2、从T2到T3两个时间段，带宽减少为2M和1.3M，有效的减少了高带宽占用的时间，对于客户端观看直播的稳定性和接入网络的稳定性都带来一定的提升作用。For the client and bandwidth control: it effectively controls the bandwidth occupation of the client. For live video content with an average code rate of 1M, the maximum value of the client is reduced from 2.3 to 2, saving 0.3M of bandwidth. If the code rate is increased to 50M for 4K content, the bandwidth can be saved as 50×0.3=15M, and the effect is very effective. The reduction in bandwidth also means that the amount of data processed by the terminal system is effectively reduced, which improves the efficiency and stability of the terminal. The high-bandwidth time period occupies 2.3M from T1 to T3, and becomes two time periods from T1 to T2, and from T2 to T3. The bandwidth is reduced to 2M and 1.3M, which effectively reduces the time occupied by high bandwidth. For Both the stability of the client watching the live broadcast and the stability of accessing the network have brought certain improvements.
本实施例通过将FCC服务器的发送阶段划分为三个不同的阶段，每个阶段以不同的速率发送服务器端缓存数据，避免了复杂的控制策略，减少了服务器的运算和高带宽输出的时间，便于提升服务能力；同时有效降低了客户端处理的数据量，提升了客户端的效率和稳定性，避免播放卡顿等问题。In this embodiment, the sending stage of the FCC server is divided into three different stages, and each stage sends the server-side cached data at different rates, thereby avoiding complicated control strategies and reducing the time for server operations and high-bandwidth output. It is convenient to improve service capabilities; at the same time, it effectively reduces the amount of data processed by the client, improves the efficiency and stability of the client, and avoids problems such as playback freezes.
进一步地，在上述各实施例的基础上，所述缓冲数据发送处理方法还包括：Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiments, the buffered data sending processing method further includes:
若接收到所述客户端对单播流的服务请求，则根据所述服务请求确定对应的缓存区，并根据所述服务请求定位所述缓存区内距离当前时刻最近或次近的I帧位置。If the service request of the client for the unicast stream is received, the corresponding buffer area is determined according to the service request, and the I frame position closest or next closest to the current moment in the buffer area is located according to the service request .
其中，所述服务器端缓存数据存储在所述缓存区内。Wherein, the server-side cache data is stored in the cache area.
具体地，当客户端的播放器请求FCC提供单播媒体流时，FCC服务器需要从请求的频道缓存中快速定位到距离当前时刻最近或者次近的I帧位置，然后将I帧及后续帧序列给到客户端，以实现画面的正常展现。Specifically, when the player of the client requests the FCC to provide a unicast media stream, the FCC server needs to quickly locate the I frame position closest or next closest to the current moment from the requested channel cache, and then send the I frame and subsequent frame sequences to the to the client to realize the normal display of the screen.
图6示出了本实施例提供的一种缓存数据发送处理装置的结构示意图，如图6所示，所述装置包括：第一发送模块601；FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a device for sending and processing cached data provided in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 , the device includes: a first sending module 601;
第一发送模块601，用于当服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息时，采用第一预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；The first sending module 601 is configured to send the cached data of the server to the client at a first preset rate when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client;
其中，所述接收消息为所述客户端接收到组播序列号的消息；Wherein, the receiving message is a message that the client receives a multicast sequence number;
所述第一预设速率低于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。The first preset rate is lower than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
基于上述实施例的内容，在本实施例中，所述的缓存数据发送处理装置，还包括：Based on the content of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the device for sending and processing cached data further includes:
第二发送模块，用于在所述服务器收到客户端发送的接收消息之前，当所述服务器收到所述客户端的请求服务时，采用第二预设速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据；The second sending module is configured to send the server message to the client at a second preset rate when the server receives the service request from the client before the server receives the receiving message sent by the client. cached data;
其中，所述第二预设速率高于所述服务器接收组播流的速率。Wherein, the second preset rate is higher than the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream.
基于上述实施例的内容，在本实施例中，所述的缓存数据发送处理装置，还包括：Based on the content of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the device for sending and processing cached data further includes:
第三发送模块，用于在所述服务器通知所述客户端加入组播至所述服务器收到所述客户端发送的接收消息的时间段内，采用所述服务器接收组播流的速率向所述客户端发送所述服务器的缓存数据。The third sending module is configured to use the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream to send the multicast stream to the server during the period from when the server notifies the client to join the multicast to when the server receives the receiving message sent by the client. The client sends the cached data of the server.
基于上述实施例的内容，在本实施例中，所述第一预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的X倍；Based on the content of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the first preset rate is X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
基于上述实施例的内容，在本实施例中，所述第二预设速率为所述服务器接收组播流的速率的1+X倍；Based on the content of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the second preset rate is 1+X times the rate at which the server receives the multicast stream;
其中，X为发送给所述客户端的单播流速率与所述客户端接收的组播流速率的差值，X的取值范围为：0.2≤X≤0.4。Wherein, X is the difference between the rate of the unicast stream sent to the client and the rate of the multicast stream received by the client, and the value range of X is: 0.2≤X≤0.4.
本实施例所述的缓存数据发送处理装置可以用于执行上述方法实施例，其原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。The device for sending and processing buffered data described in this embodiment can be used to execute the above method embodiments, and its principles and technical effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.
基于相同的发明构思，本发明又一实施例提供了一种电子设备，参见图7，所述电子设备具体包括如下内容：包括：处理器(processor)701、存储器(memory)702和总线703；其中，所述处理器701和存储器702通过所述总线703完成相互间的通信；Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device. Referring to FIG. 7 , the electronic device specifically includes the following contents: including: a processor (processor) 701, a memory (memory) 702, and a bus 703; Wherein, the processor 701 and the memory 702 complete mutual communication through the bus 703;
所述处理器701用于调用所述存储器702中的程序指令，以执行上述各方法实施例所提供的方法。The processor 701 is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory 702 to execute the methods provided in the above method embodiments.
基于相同的发明构思，本发明又一实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述各方法实施例所提供的方法。Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented. Methods.
此外，上述的存储器中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。In addition, the above logic instructions in the memory can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes. .
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。The device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network elements. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts.
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的沙箱内程序动态执行过程中的操作文件提取方法。Through the above description of the implementations, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic Disk, CD, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the programs in the sandbox described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments during the dynamic execution process The action file extraction method.
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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