技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种光纤及其使用方法。The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an optical fiber and a method for using the same.
背景技术Background technique
治疗用光纤是指以光导纤维作为激光传播介质，通过对光能的利用进行治疗的产品。Optical fiber for treatment refers to a product that uses optical fiber as a laser transmission medium to treat by utilizing light energy.
例如，外部光源发出的光通过光纤导入体内，照射人体内需要检查的部位，再通过光纤把观察到的体内器官的病变图像传出体外，以协助医生诊断及治疗。For example, the light emitted by an external light source is introduced into the body through an optical fiber, irradiates the parts of the human body that need to be examined, and then transmits the observed pathological images of internal organs through the optical fiber to assist doctors in diagnosis and treatment.
此外，光纤将高能脉冲激光传递至肿瘤所在位置，利用激光的高能、准直、作用时间短以及热影响区域小等特点，将肿瘤完全切除。In addition, the optical fiber transmits high-energy pulsed laser to the location of the tumor, and the tumor is completely resected by using the characteristics of high energy, collimation, short action time and small heat-affected area of the laser.
但是，现有光纤的结构仍有待改进。However, the structure of existing optical fibers still needs to be improved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的问题是提供一种光纤及其使用方法，适用场景广，能够满足不同临床场合对激光发散角的要求。The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optical fiber and its use method, which are applicable to a wide range of scenarios and can meet the requirements for laser divergence angles in different clinical situations.
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种光纤，包括：纤芯；包层，所述包层套设于所述纤芯外，所述包层包括沿径向由内至外分布的至少两个子包层。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical fiber, comprising: a core; a cladding, the cladding is sheathed outside the core, and the cladding includes at least two sub-layers distributed radially from the inside to the outside. wrapping.
可选的，所述纤芯的折射率大于所述包层的折射率。Optionally, the refractive index of the core is greater than the refractive index of the cladding.
可选的，沿径向由内至外，所述子包层的折射率逐渐减小，所述纤芯的折射率大于最内层的所述子包层的折射率。Optionally, the refractive index of the sub-cladding gradually decreases from the inside to the outside along the radial direction, and the refractive index of the fiber core is greater than that of the innermost sub-cladding.
可选的，当所述子包层的数量为两个时，两个所述子包层分别为第一子包层及第二子包层，所述第二子包层套设于所述第一子包层外。Optionally, when the number of sub-cladding layers is two, the two sub-cladding layers are respectively a first sub-cladding layer and a second sub-cladding layer, and the second sub-cladding layer is sleeved on the Outside the first sub-cladding.
可选的，所述纤芯与所述第一子包层构成第一组合件，所述第一子包层与所述第二子包层构成第二组合件，所述第一组合件的数值孔径小于所述第二组合件的数值孔径。Optionally, the fiber core and the first sub-cladding constitute a first assembly, the first sub-cladding and the second sub-cladding constitute a second assembly, and the first assembly The numerical aperture is smaller than the numerical aperture of the second assembly.
可选的，所述第一组合件的数值孔径为0.22，所述第二组合件的数值孔径为0.37。Optionally, the numerical aperture of the first assembly is 0.22, and the numerical aperture of the second assembly is 0.37.
可选的，所述纤芯的折射率为1.5，所述第一子包层的折射率为1.48，所述第二子包层的折射率为1.44。Optionally, the refractive index of the core is 1.5, the refractive index of the first sub-cladding is 1.48, and the refractive index of the second sub-cladding is 1.44.
可选的，所述纤芯的材料为石英，所述第一子包层的材料为掺氟石英，所述第二子包层的材料为塑料。Optionally, the material of the fiber core is quartz, the material of the first sub-cladding is fluorine-doped quartz, and the material of the second sub-cladding is plastic.
可选的，所述纤芯的直径为550微米，所述第一子包层的厚度为600微米，所述第二子包层的厚度为750微米。Optionally, the diameter of the fiber core is 550 microns, the thickness of the first sub-cladding is 600 microns, and the thickness of the second sub-cladding is 750 microns.
相应的，本发明还提供一种光纤使用方法，包括提供上述光纤。Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a method for using an optical fiber, including providing the above-mentioned optical fiber.
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:
所述光纤包括纤芯及套设于所述纤芯外的包层，所述包层包括沿径向由内至外分布的至少两个子包层。可根据不同的适用场景，灵活选择利用所述纤芯或者所述包层传输激光，或者，利用所述纤芯以及所述包层同时传输激光。例如，利用激光切割肿瘤时，可选择使用所述纤芯传输激光，以获得发散角小的激光。在对于多个出血点进行止血，需要大面积照射时，则可选择使用所述包层传输激光，以获得发散角大的激光。因此所述光纤能够满足不同临床场合对激光发散角的要求，适用场景广。The optical fiber includes a fiber core and a cladding layer sheathed outside the fiber core, and the cladding layer includes at least two sub-cladding layers distributed radially from inside to outside. According to different applicable scenarios, the fiber core or the cladding can be flexibly selected to transmit the laser light, or the fiber core and the cladding can be used to simultaneously transmit the laser light. For example, when cutting a tumor with a laser, the fiber core can be selected to transmit the laser light to obtain a laser light with a small divergence angle. When a large area of irradiation is required for hemostasis of multiple bleeding points, the cladding can be used to transmit laser light to obtain laser light with a large divergence angle. Therefore, the optical fiber can meet the requirements of different clinical scenarios for the divergence angle of the laser light, and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一实施例的光纤的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是图1所示的光纤沿A1A2方向的截面图；Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the optical fiber shown in Fig. 1 along the A1A2 direction;
图3是图1所示的光纤沿C1C2方向的截面图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber shown in Fig. 1 along the direction C1C2.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
由背景技术可知，现有光纤的结构仍有待提高。It can be seen from the background art that the structure of the existing optical fiber still needs to be improved.
现结合一种光纤进行分析，所述光纤包括：纤芯；包层，所述包层套设于所述纤芯外。激光经所述纤芯传输，获得的激光的发散角为固定发散角。但是临床情况复杂，有时需要发散角小的激光，有时则需要发散角大的激光。利用所述光纤传输获得的激光的发散角为固定发散角，难以满足不同临床场合对激光发散角的要求。An analysis is now made in conjunction with an optical fiber, the optical fiber comprising: a core; and a cladding, the cladding is sheathed outside the core. The laser light is transmitted through the fiber core, and the divergence angle of the obtained laser light is a fixed divergence angle. However, the clinical situation is complicated, sometimes a laser with a small divergence angle is required, and sometimes a laser with a large divergence angle is required. The divergence angle of the laser light obtained by using the optical fiber transmission is a fixed divergence angle, which is difficult to meet the requirements of laser divergence angles in different clinical situations.
本发明提供的光纤的技术方案中，包层包括沿径向由内至外分布的至少两个子包层，有助于拓宽所述光纤的适用场景，能够应对复杂的临床情况。In the technical solution of the optical fiber provided by the present invention, the cladding includes at least two sub-claddings distributed radially from the inside to the outside, which helps to broaden the applicable scenarios of the optical fiber and can cope with complex clinical situations.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明一实施例的光纤100的结构示意图。图2是图1所示的光纤100沿A1A2方向的截面图。图3是图1所示的光纤100沿C1C2方向的截面图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber 100 shown in FIG. 1 along the direction A1A2. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber 100 shown in FIG. 1 along the C1C2 direction.
参考图1至图3，一种光纤100，包括：纤芯200；包层300，所述包层300套设于所述纤芯200外。所述包层300包括沿径向由内至外分布的至少两个子包层。Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , an optical fiber 100 includes: a core 200 ; and a cladding 300 sleeved outside the core 200 . The cladding 300 includes at least two sub-claddings distributed radially from inside to outside.
如图1所示，所述光纤100呈圆柱形。所述光纤100具有相对的两端，其中一端为激光入射端101，另一端为激光输出端102。激光光源射出的激光由所述激光入射端101进入所述光纤100内，经所述光纤100传输，从所述激光输出端102射出。As shown in FIG. 1 , the optical fiber 100 is cylindrical. The optical fiber 100 has two opposite ends, one end is a laser incident end 101 , and the other end is a laser output end 102 . The laser light emitted by the laser light source enters the optical fiber 100 from the laser incident end 101 , is transmitted through the optical fiber 100 , and is emitted from the laser output end 102 .
如图2及图3所示，所述纤芯200及所述包层300均呈圆柱形。所述包层300具有贯穿所述包层300两端的空腔，所述空腔与所述纤芯200相匹配。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , both the core 200 and the cladding 300 are cylindrical. The cladding 300 has a cavity running through both ends of the cladding 300 , and the cavity matches the fiber core 200 .
本实施例中，激光可经所述纤芯200传输，或者经所述包层300传输。在其他实施例中，激光还可同时经所述纤芯200及所述包层300传输。In this embodiment, the laser light can be transmitted through the core 200 or through the cladding 300 . In other embodiments, the laser light can also be transmitted through the core 200 and the cladding 300 at the same time.
本实施例中，所述纤芯200的折射率为1.5。In this embodiment, the refractive index of the fiber core 200 is 1.5.
本实施例中，所述纤芯200的材料为石英。石英材料的折射率高，且机械强度高、弯曲性能好，不容易受外界电磁辐射的影响，因此采用石英作为所述纤芯200的材料，使得所述纤芯200具有优异的光传输性能。In this embodiment, the material of the fiber core 200 is quartz. Quartz material has high refractive index, high mechanical strength, good bending performance, and is not easily affected by external electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, quartz is used as the material of the fiber core 200, so that the fiber core 200 has excellent light transmission performance.
本实施例中，所述纤芯200的直径为550微米。若所述纤芯200的直径过大，使得通过所述纤芯200传输激光时，容易发生材料色散及波导色散现象，导致不同波长的激光在所述纤芯200内的传输路径差异大，影响输出的激光强度。若所述纤芯200的直径过小，所述纤芯200与激光光源的耦合难度大，激光光源射出的激光难以进入所述纤芯200内，导致通过所述纤芯200传输激光困难。In this embodiment, the diameter of the fiber core 200 is 550 microns. If the diameter of the fiber core 200 is too large, when the laser is transmitted through the fiber core 200, material dispersion and waveguide dispersion are prone to occur, resulting in large differences in the transmission paths of laser light with different wavelengths in the fiber core 200, affecting output laser intensity. If the diameter of the fiber core 200 is too small, the coupling between the fiber core 200 and the laser light source is difficult, and it is difficult for the laser light emitted by the laser light source to enter the fiber core 200 , making it difficult to transmit the laser light through the fiber core 200 .
本实施例中，所述子包层的数量为两个。在其他实施例中，所述子包层的数量还可以大于两个。In this embodiment, the number of the sub-cladding layers is two. In other embodiments, the number of sub-cladding layers may be greater than two.
本实施例中，两个所述子包层分别为第一子包层310和第二子包层320，所述第一子包层310套设于所述纤芯200外，所述第二子包层320套设于所述第一子包层310外。In this embodiment, the two sub-cladding layers are the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320 respectively, the first sub-cladding layer 310 is sleeved outside the fiber core 200, and the second sub-cladding layer 310 The sub-cladding layer 320 is sheathed outside the first sub-cladding layer 310 .
本实施例中，激光可经所述纤芯200传输，或者经所述第一子包层310传输。在其他实施例中，激光还可同时经所述纤芯200及所述第一子包层310传输。此外，激光还可经所述第二子包层320传输。In this embodiment, the laser light can be transmitted through the fiber core 200 or through the first sub-cladding layer 310 . In other embodiments, the laser light can also be transmitted through the core 200 and the first sub-cladding 310 at the same time. In addition, laser light can also be transmitted through the second sub-cladding layer 320 .
本实施例中，所述纤芯200与所述第一子包层310构成第一组合件，所述第一子包层310与所述第二子包层320构成第二组合件，所述第一组合件的数值孔径小于所述第二组合件的数值孔径。In this embodiment, the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding layer 310 constitute a first assembly, the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320 constitute a second assembly, and the The numerical aperture of the first assembly is smaller than the numerical aperture of the second assembly.
所述第一组合件的数值孔径影响经所述纤芯200传输的出射激光的发散角。所述第一组合件的数值孔径越小，则经所述纤芯200传输的出射激光的发散角越小。所述第一组合件的数值孔径越大，则经所述纤芯200传输的出射激光的发散角越大。The numerical aperture of the first assembly affects the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the fiber core 200 . The smaller the numerical aperture of the first assembly is, the smaller the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the fiber core 200 is. The larger the numerical aperture of the first assembly is, the larger the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the fiber core 200 is.
所述第二组合件的数值孔径影响经所述第一子包层310传输的出射激光的发散角。所述第二组合件的数值孔径越小，则经所述第一子包层310传输的出射激光的发散角越小。所述第二组合件的数值孔径越大，则经所述第一子包层310传输的出射激光的发散角越大。The numerical aperture of the second assembly affects the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the first sub-cladding 310 . The smaller the numerical aperture of the second assembly is, the smaller the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the first sub-cladding layer 310 is. The larger the numerical aperture of the second assembly is, the larger the divergence angle of the outgoing laser light transmitted through the first sub-cladding layer 310 is.
由于所述第一组合件的数值孔径小于所述第二组合件的数值孔径，因此激光在所述纤芯200内传输的发散角小，而激光在所述第一子包层310内传输的发散角大。可根据不同的适用场景，灵活选择利用所述纤芯200或者所述第一子包层310传输激光，或者，利用所述纤芯200以及所述第一子包层310同时传输激光。因此所述光纤100能够满足不同临床场合对激光发散角的要求，适用场景广。Since the numerical aperture of the first assembly is smaller than the numerical aperture of the second assembly, the divergence angle of the laser light propagating in the core 200 is small, while the laser light propagating in the first sub-cladding 310 has a small divergence angle. The divergence angle is large. According to different applicable scenarios, the fiber core 200 or the first sub-cladding layer 310 can be flexibly selected to transmit laser light, or the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding layer 310 can be used to simultaneously transmit laser light. Therefore, the optical fiber 100 can meet the requirements of laser divergence angles in different clinical situations, and is applicable to a wide range of scenarios.
本实施例中，所述第一组合件的数值孔径为0.22，发散角较小，经所述纤芯200传输获得的激光在靶组织上的面积小，适于组织切割、打孔等需要能量集中的场合。In this embodiment, the numerical aperture of the first assembly is 0.22, the divergence angle is small, and the laser beam transmitted through the fiber core 200 has a small area on the target tissue, which is suitable for tissue cutting, punching, etc. requiring energy concentrated occasions.
本实施例中，所述第二组合件的数值孔径为0.37，发散角较大，经所述第一子包层310传输获得的激光在靶组织上的面积大，适于多个出血点止血、光动力照射等需要大面积激光照射的场合。In this embodiment, the numerical aperture of the second assembly is 0.37, the divergence angle is relatively large, and the laser beam transmitted through the first sub-cladding 310 has a large area on the target tissue, which is suitable for hemostasis of multiple bleeding points , photodynamic irradiation and other occasions that require large-area laser irradiation.
沿径向由内至外，所述子包层的折射率逐渐减小。本实施例中，所述第二子包层320的折射率小于所述第一子包层310的折射率。From the inside to the outside in the radial direction, the refractive index of the sub-cladding gradually decreases. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is smaller than the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 .
所述纤芯200的折射率大于所述包层300的折射率。具体的，所述纤芯200的折射率大于最内层的所述子包层的折射率。本实施例中，所述纤芯200的折射率大于所述第一子包层310的折射率，从而保证激光在所述纤芯200或所述第一子包层310内传输时形成全反射，以实现线性传输。The refractive index of the core 200 is greater than that of the cladding 300 . Specifically, the refractive index of the fiber core 200 is greater than the refractive index of the innermost sub-cladding layer. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the fiber core 200 is greater than the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310, thereby ensuring total reflection of the laser light when it is transmitted in the fiber core 200 or the first sub-cladding layer 310 , to achieve linear transmission.
所述纤芯200的折射率大于所述第一子包层310的折射率，从而在通过所述纤芯200传输激光时，激光在所述纤芯200及所述第一子包层310间形成全反射，以使激光由所述纤芯200的一端传输至另一端。The refractive index of the fiber core 200 is greater than the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310, so that when the laser light is transmitted through the fiber core 200, the laser light passes between the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding layer 310 Total reflection is formed so that the laser light is transmitted from one end of the fiber core 200 to the other end.
相较于所述第二子包层320，所述第一子包层310的折射率较大，从而在通过所述第一子包层310传输激光时，激光在所述第一子包层310及所述第二子包层320之间形成全反射，以使激光由所述第一子包层310的一端传输至另一端。Compared with the second sub-cladding layer 320, the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is larger, so that when the laser light is transmitted through the first sub-cladding layer 310, the laser light is transmitted in the first sub-cladding layer 310 Total reflection is formed between 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320 , so that the laser light is transmitted from one end of the first sub-cladding layer 310 to the other end.
本实施例中，所述第一子包层310的折射率为1.48。若所述第一子包层310的折射率过大，使得所述第一子包层310的折射率大于所述纤芯200的折射率，则激光在经所述纤芯200传输时无法形成全反射，导致激光在所述纤芯200及所述第一子包层310间形成折射，折射现象造成激光射出所述纤芯200外，使得大部分甚至全部激光在传输过程中逐渐损失掉，因而难以将激光由所述纤芯200的一端传输至另一端。若所述第一子包层310的折射率过小，导致所述第一子包层310的折射率小于所述第二子包层320的折射率，则通过所述第一子包层310传输激光时，激光无法在所述第一子包层310与所述第二子包层320之间形成全反射，使得激光在所述第一子包层310与所述第二子包层320的界面处发生折射，导致激光折射出所述第一子包层310外，造成大部分甚至全部激光在传输过程中逐渐损失掉，因此难以借助所述第一子包层310实现激光的传输。In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is 1.48. If the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is too large, so that the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is greater than the refractive index of the fiber core 200, the laser beam cannot be formed when it is transmitted through the fiber core 200. Total reflection causes the laser to be refracted between the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding 310, and the refraction phenomenon causes the laser to exit the fiber core 200, so that most or even all of the laser light is gradually lost during transmission, Therefore, it is difficult to transmit the laser light from one end of the fiber core 200 to the other end. If the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is too small, causing the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 to be smaller than the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320, then through the first sub-cladding layer 310 When transmitting laser light, the laser light cannot form total reflection between the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320, so that the laser light is transmitted between the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320 Refraction occurs at the interface of , causing the laser light to be refracted out of the first sub-cladding layer 310 , causing most or even all of the laser light to be gradually lost during transmission, so it is difficult to realize laser transmission by means of the first sub-cladding layer 310 .
此外，所述第一组合件的数值孔径与所述纤芯200的折射率及所述第一子包层310的折射率有关，所述第一子包层310的折射率适当，以使得所述第一组合件的数值孔径满足要求，即使得所述第一组合件的数值孔径小于所述第二组合件的数值孔径。In addition, the numerical aperture of the first assembly is related to the refractive index of the core 200 and the refractive index of the first sub-cladding 310, and the refractive index of the first sub-cladding 310 is suitable so that the The numerical aperture of the first assembly meets the requirement, that is, the numerical aperture of the first assembly is smaller than the numerical aperture of the second assembly.
本实施例中，所述第一子包层310的材料为掺氟石英。氟元素的掺入有助于降低纯石英材料的折射率，因此相较于纯石英材料，掺氟石英材料的折射率较低。即相较于所述纤芯200，所述第一子包层310的折射率较低，从而满足激光传输的要求。In this embodiment, the material of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is fluorine-doped quartz. The doping of fluorine element helps to reduce the refractive index of pure quartz material, so compared with pure quartz material, the refractive index of fluorine-doped quartz material is lower. That is, compared with the fiber core 200, the first sub-cladding 310 has a lower refractive index, so as to meet the requirements of laser transmission.
本实施例中，所述第一子包层310的厚度为600微米。所述第一子包层310的厚度为所述第一子包层310的外径与内径差值的二分之一。若所述第一子包层310的厚度过大，激光在经所述第一子包层310传输过程中，容易发生材料色散及波导色散，造成不同波长的激光在所述纤芯200内的传输路径差异大，影响输出的激光强度。若所述第一子包层310的厚度过小，所述第一子包层310与激光光源的耦合难度大，激光光源射出的激光难以进入所述第一子包层310内，导致通过所述第一子包层310传输激光困难。In this embodiment, the thickness of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is 600 microns. The thickness of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is half of the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the first sub-cladding layer 310 . If the thickness of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is too large, material dispersion and waveguide dispersion are likely to occur during the transmission of laser light through the first sub-cladding layer 310, resulting in laser light of different wavelengths in the fiber core 200. The transmission path varies greatly, which affects the output laser intensity. If the thickness of the first sub-cladding layer 310 is too small, the coupling between the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the laser light source is difficult, and the laser light emitted by the laser light source is difficult to enter the first sub-cladding layer 310, resulting in It is difficult for the first sub-cladding layer 310 to transmit laser light.
本实施例中，所述第二子包层320的折射率为1.44。若所述第二子包层320的折射率过大，使得所述第二子包层320的折射率大于所述第一子包层310的折射率，则通过所述第一子包层310传输激光时，激光无法在所述第一子包层310与所述第二子包层320之间形成全反射，导致激光在所述第一子包层310与所述第二子包层320的界面处发生折射，从而难以将激光由所述第一子包层310的一端传输至另一端。若所述第二子包层320的折射率过小，受所述第二子包层320的形成工艺水平限制，制造所述第二子包层320的难度大。In this embodiment, the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is 1.44. If the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is too large, so that the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is greater than the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310, then through the first sub-cladding layer 310 When transmitting laser light, the laser light cannot form total reflection between the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320, resulting in the Refraction occurs at the interface of the first sub-cladding layer 310 , so it is difficult to transmit the laser light from one end of the first sub-cladding layer 310 to the other end. If the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is too small, it is difficult to manufacture the second sub-cladding layer 320 due to the limitation of the formation process level of the second sub-cladding layer 320 .
此外，所述第二组合件的数值孔径与所述第一子包层310及所述第二子包层320的折射率有关，所述第二子包层320的折射率适当，以使得所述第二组合件的数值孔径满足要求，即使得所述第二组合件的数值孔径大于所述第一组合件的数值孔径。In addition, the numerical aperture of the second assembly is related to the refractive index of the first sub-cladding layer 310 and the second sub-cladding layer 320, and the refractive index of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is suitable so that the The numerical aperture of the second assembly meets the requirement, that is, the numerical aperture of the second assembly is larger than the numerical aperture of the first assembly.
本实施例中，所述第二子包层320的材料为塑料。In this embodiment, the material of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is plastic.
本实施例中，所述第二子包层320的厚度为750微米。所述第二子包层320的厚度为所述第二子包层320的外径与内径差值的二分之一。若所述第二子包层320的厚度过厚，不必要的增加所述光纤100的体积，使得利用所述光纤100进行医疗手术操作的难度大。若所述第二子包层320的厚度过薄，所述第二子包层320容易磨损，导致所述第一子包层310外露，影响所述第一子包层310的光传输性能。In this embodiment, the thickness of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is 750 microns. The thickness of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is half of the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the second sub-cladding layer 320 . If the thickness of the second sub-cladding 320 is too thick, the volume of the optical fiber 100 will be increased unnecessarily, making it difficult to perform medical operations with the optical fiber 100 . If the thickness of the second sub-cladding layer 320 is too thin, the second sub-cladding layer 320 is easy to wear and tear, resulting in the exposure of the first sub-cladding layer 310 and affecting the light transmission performance of the first sub-cladding layer 310 .
本实施例中，所述光纤100还包括：涂覆层400，所述涂覆层400套设于所述包层300外。In this embodiment, the optical fiber 100 further includes: a coating layer 400 sleeved outside the cladding layer 300 .
所述涂覆层400的材料为弹性涂料，本实施例中，所述涂覆层400的材料包括丙烯酸酯、硅橡胶和尼龙。The material of the coating layer 400 is elastic paint. In this embodiment, the material of the coating layer 400 includes acrylate, silicone rubber and nylon.
所述涂覆层400有助于避免灰尘等杂质污染所述包层300表面，且可以防止所述包层300表面磨损。The coating layer 400 helps to prevent impurities such as dust from contaminating the surface of the cladding 300 and can prevent the surface of the cladding 300 from being worn.
相应的，本发明还提供一种上述光纤100的使用方法，包括提供所述光纤100。Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a method for using the optical fiber 100 above, including providing the optical fiber 100 .
所述使用方法还包括：提供光源，用于发出激光；所述激光经所述纤芯200传输，或者，所述激光经所述包层300传输。The using method further includes: providing a light source for emitting laser light; the laser light is transmitted through the core 200 , or the laser light is transmitted through the cladding 300 .
本实施例中，所述子包层的数量为两个。两个所述子包层分别为第一子包层310和第二子包层320，所述第一子包层310套设于所述纤芯200外，所述第二子包层320套设于所述第一子包层310外。在其他实施例中，所述子包层的数量还可以大于两个。In this embodiment, the number of the sub-cladding layers is two. The two sub-cladding layers are respectively a first sub-cladding layer 310 and a second sub-cladding layer 320, the first sub-cladding layer 310 is sleeved outside the fiber core 200, and the second sub-cladding layer 320 is sleeved It is arranged outside the first sub-cladding layer 310 . In other embodiments, the number of sub-cladding layers may be greater than two.
本实施例中，激光可经所述纤芯200传输，或者经所述第一子包层310传输。此外，激光还可经所述第二子包层320传输。In this embodiment, the laser light can be transmitted through the fiber core 200 or through the first sub-cladding layer 310 . In addition, laser light can also be transmitted through the second sub-cladding layer 320 .
本实施例中，一方面，当临床场合需发散角小的激光时，例如在利用激光切割肿瘤时，可选择使用所述纤芯200传输激光，经所述纤芯200传输获得的激光发散角小，照射区域集中，能够将肿瘤快速切割掉。一方面，当临床场合需发散角大的激光时，例如在对多个出血点进行止血时，可选择使用所述第一子包层310传输激光，经所述第一子包层310传输获得的激光发散角大，照射区域面积大，便于及时观察多个出血点的情况。In this embodiment, on the one hand, when a laser with a small divergence angle is required in a clinical setting, for example, when a laser is used to cut a tumor, the fiber core 200 can be used to transmit the laser light, and the laser divergence angle obtained by transmitting the fiber core 200 is Small in size, the irradiation area is concentrated, and the tumor can be cut off quickly. On the one hand, when a laser with a large divergence angle is required in clinical situations, for example, when hemostasis is performed on multiple bleeding points, the first sub-cladding layer 310 can be used to transmit the laser light, and the laser beam transmitted through the first sub-cladding layer 310 can be obtained The laser has a large divergence angle and a large irradiation area, which is convenient for timely observation of multiple bleeding points.
本实施例中，所述光纤100还包括：涂覆层400，所述涂覆层400套设于所述包层300外。In this embodiment, the optical fiber 100 further includes: a coating layer 400 sleeved outside the cladding layer 300 .
在其他实施例中，所述纤芯200以及所述包层300还可以同时传输所述激光。In other embodiments, the core 200 and the cladding 300 can transmit the laser light at the same time.
本实施例中，激光同时经所述纤芯200及所述第一子包层310传输。In this embodiment, the laser is transmitted through the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding layer 310 at the same time.
当临床场合同时需要发散角小的激光及发散角大的激光时，通过使所述纤芯200以及所述第一子包层310同时传输激光，以满足临床场合对激光发散角的要求。When a laser with a small divergence angle and a laser with a large divergence angle are required at the same time in a clinical setting, the fiber core 200 and the first sub-cladding 310 transmit the laser light at the same time to meet the requirements of the laser divergence angle in the clinical setting.
虽然本发明披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined in the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910717031.1ACN110471139A (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Optical fiber and its application method |
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| CN201910717031.1ACN110471139A (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Optical fiber and its application method |
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| CN110471139Atrue CN110471139A (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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| CN201910717031.1APendingCN110471139A (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Optical fiber and its application method |
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