A kind of tibial plateau prosthese and preparation method thereof of 3D printing personalizationTechnical field
The invention belongs to tibial plateau prosthese technical fields, false more particularly to a kind of tibial plateau of 3D printing personalizationBody and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Knee joint is the main weight-bearing joint of human body, while being the joint that human body is maximum and construction is most complicated.Proximal tibia canLead to the position complexity bone defect due to infection, wound, tumour etc., needs to carry out operation reconstruction.Unilateral shin bone kneeJoint replacement surgery remains forward and backward ligamentaum cruciatum, operation wound is compared with complete knee joint compared to full tibial knee replacement operationReplace it is smaller, therefore postoperative patient can functional training earlier, therefore reduce it is many because of long-term bed caused by it is at a specified future date simultaneouslyDisease is sent out, such as: deep vein thrombosis, hypostatic pneumonia, bedsore etc..
But current tibial plateau prosthese is more single, especially shin bone part is mostly articular surface displacement, this is notIt is able to satisfy the bone defect of the complexity form due to caused by above-mentioned many reasons.
In addition, current tibial plateau prosthese and shin bone synergy is unsatisfactory, postoperative prosthese easily loosens, dislocation, fromAnd operative failure or prosthese is caused to be overhauled.
Meanwhile current tibial plateau prosthese subtracts material manufacture, therefore the hole of traditional tibial plateau prosthese using traditionGap connected ratio is poor, does not ensure that obtain preferable Integrated implant effect, the result of biological fixation is often not satisfactory, and there are prosthesesLoosen risk.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of shin bones of 3D printing personalizationPlatform prosthese and preparation method thereof, the tibial plateau prosthese include the tibial plateau prosthese ontology and Medullary fixation bar of connection,The Medullary fixation bar is set to the lower section of the tibial plateau prosthese ontology, and the tibial plateau prosthese ontology is lacked according to patient'sIt is customized to damage tibial plateau.Tibial plateau prosthese of the invention precisely rebuilds defect tibial plateau, can expire to the greatest extentThe original tibial plateau form of foot is restored.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, first aspect present invention provides a kind of tibial plateau prosthese, includingThe tibial plateau prosthese ontology and Medullary fixation bar of connection, the Medullary fixation bar are set under the tibial plateau prosthese ontologySide, the tibial plateau prosthese ontology is customized according to the defect tibial plateau of patient, i.e., the described tibial plateau prosthese ontology is scarceThe shape for damaging tibial plateau bone tissue is exactly matched with the bone tissue of patient.
Preferably, the Medullary fixation bar is equipped with fixed bar body and fixed section, the fixed bar body and shin bone pulp cavityMatching, the fixed section are set to the nearly tibial plateau prosthese body end, and the fixed section cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction is bigIn the fixed bar body cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the fusion face that the tibial plateau prosthese ontology has outer surface and contacts with human body bone, it is described outerSurface is the exposed surface of defect tibial plateau, and the fusion face is plane.
It is highly preferred that the fusion face is the layer structure of several layers, every layer of layer structure has multiple micropores, layer withThe micropore of layer is interconnected.
Preferably, the outer surface of the Medullary fixation bar is the layer structure of several layers, and every layer of layer structure has moreThe micropore of a micropore, layer and layer is interconnected.
It is highly preferred that the aperture of the micropore of fusion face and the outer surface of Medullary fixation bar is 600 μm~800 μm.
It is highly preferred that the porosity of fusion face and the outer surface of Medullary fixation bar is 60%~80%；The porosity refers toFusion face/Medullary fixation bar outer surface pore volume is overall in its natural state with the face of merging/Medullary fixation bar outer surfaceLong-pending percentage.
It is highly preferred that fusion face and Medullary fixation bar outer surface with a thickness of 1.5mm~2.0mm.
Second aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned tibial plateau prosthese, includes the following steps:
1) model for obtaining tibial plateau, such as Computer Aided Design Model (Computer aided designModel, CADmodel)；
2) the model reverse modeling for obtaining step 1) obtains tibial plateau prosthese model；
3) 3D printing is carried out according to tibial plateau prosthese model.
Preferably, include the following steps:
1) model of tibial plateau is obtained by CT and MRI；
2) model for obtaining step 1) carries out three-dimensional registration fusion, and then reverse modeling, obtains tibial plateau prosthese mouldType；
Bone can be observed by CT, soft tissue be observed by MRI, the model that the two obtains carries out three-dimensional registration fusion, realNot only included now bone, and but also included the Three-dimension Reconstruction Model of soft tissue, then reverse modeling, can by existing software realization, such as:E3D；The fused model of three-dimensional registration and tibial plateau model are integrally formed normal tibial plateau model, the reverse modelTibial plateau prosthese model is established on the basis of normal tibial plateau model and the fused model of three-dimensional registration；
3) 3D printing is carried out according to tibial plateau prosthese model.
As described above, the present invention one of at least has the advantages that:
1. it is according to the production of the image datas reverse modeling such as patient CT/MRI that tibial plateau of the invention, which rebuilds prosthese,The property medical 3D printing personalization prosthese of equidimension；It is substantially in " centrum " type, Medullary fixation bar is in " cylinder " type, to complicated defectBone tissue is precisely rebuild, and original Bones morphology and biomechanical function can be restored to the greatest extent.
2. the prosthese has the Medullary fixation bar of special designing, distal tibial can be firmly connected, art is preferably obtainedAt once stable afterwards.
3. the part (platform prosthese and Medullary fixation bar) contacted on the prosthese with bone tissue is equipped with fusion face, prosthese fusionFace is fitted closely with human body bone, and there is porous structure in fusion face, which is conducive to freshman bone tissue and grows into prosthese, with vacationBody integrates, thus obtains good at a specified future date stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram one of tibial plateau prosthese of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram two of tibial plateau prosthese of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the using state structure diagram of tibial plateau prosthese of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the layer structure with multiple micropores.
Appended drawing reference:
1 tibial plateau prosthese ontology
11 outer surfaces
12 fusion faces
2 Medullary fixation bars
21 fixed bar bodies
22 fixed sections
3 micropores
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanationContent disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily.
It please refers to Fig.1 to Fig.4.It should be clear that this specification structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc., only toCooperate the revealed content of specification, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, being not intended to limit the invention can be realThe qualifications applied, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the tune of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or sizeIt is whole, in the case where not influencing the effect of present invention can be generated and the purpose that can reach, it should all still fall in disclosed skillArt content obtains in the range of capable of covering.Meanwhile in this specification it is cited as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " centre " andThe term of " one " etc. is merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativenessIt is altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of tibial plateau prosthese, tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 and Medullary fixation including connectionBar 2, the Medullary fixation bar 2 are set to the lower section of the tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1,1 basis of tibial plateau prosthese ontologyThe defect tibial plateau of patient is customized, i.e., the described tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 is the shape of defect tibial plateau bone tissue, with troubleThe bone tissue of person exactly matches.
In a preferred embodiment, the Medullary fixation bar 2 is equipped with fixed bar body 21 and fixed section 22, described solidFixed pole ontology 21 is matched with shin bone pulp cavity, and the fixed section 22 is set to nearly 1 end of tibial plateau prosthese ontology, the fixed section22 cross-sectional areas in the horizontal direction are greater than the fixed bar body 21 cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal direction isRefer to when the central axis of fixed link is in vertical direction.Complicated proximal tibia tumour patient is often close in shin bone after tumor resectionEnd leaves a very big lacunar bone defect, therefore, a fixed section 22 is designed in prosthese, its major function is: 1.Filling defect sclerotin is played, the mechanical property of defect is rebuild；2. tradition only has the prosthese of fixed link simultaneously since defect is largerIt cannot be firmly fixed on shin bone, so fixed section 22 also helps stable prosthesis.
In a preferred embodiment, the tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 has outer surface 11 and connects with human body boneThe fusion face 12 of touching, the outer surface 11 are the exposed surface of defect tibial plateau, and the fusion face 12 is plane.
In a preferred embodiment, the fusion face 12 is the layer structure of several layers, every layer of layer structure toolThere are multiple micropores, the micropore of layer and layer is interconnected.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the Medullary fixation bar 2 is the layer structure of several layers, every layerLayer structure has multiple micropores, and the micropore of layer and layer is interconnected.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 4, merging the micropore 3 of the outer surface of face 12 and Medullary fixation bar 2Aperture is 600 μm~800 μm.
In a preferred embodiment, the porosity for merging the outer surface of face 12 and Medullary fixation bar 2 is 60%~80%；The porosity refers to the outer surface pore volume of 12/ Medullary fixation bar 2 of fusion face and 12/ Medullary fixation bar 2 of the face of mergingThe percentage of outer surface total volume in its natural state.
In a preferred embodiment, merge the outer surface of face 12 and Medullary fixation bar 2 with a thickness of 1.5mm~2.0mm。
The preparation method of above-mentioned tibial plateau prosthese, includes the following steps:
1) model for obtaining tibial plateau, such as Computer Aided Design Model (Computer aided designModel, CAD model)；
2) the model reverse modeling for obtaining step 1) obtains tibial plateau prosthese model；
3) 3D printing is carried out according to tibial plateau prosthese model.
In a preferred embodiment, include the following steps:
1) model of tibial plateau is obtained by CT and MRI；
2) model for obtaining step 1) carries out three-dimensional registration fusion, and then reverse modeling, obtains tibial plateau prosthese mouldType；
Bone can be observed by CT, soft tissue be observed by MRI, the model that the two obtains carries out three-dimensional registration fusion, realNot only included now bone, and but also included the Three-dimension Reconstruction Model of soft tissue, then reverse modeling, can by existing software realization, such as:E3D；The fused model of three-dimensional registration and tibial plateau model are integrally formed normal tibial plateau model, the reverse modelTibial plateau prosthese model is established on the basis of normal tibial plateau model and the fused model of three-dimensional registration；
3) 3D printing is carried out according to tibial plateau prosthese model.
With the tibial plateau prosthese of a patient, using when tibial plateau prosthese as shown in figure 3, the tibial plateau prosthese packetThe tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 and Medullary fixation bar 2 of connection are included, the Medullary fixation bar 2 is set to the tibial plateau prosthese sheetThe lower section of body 1, the tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 are customized according to the defect tibial plateau of patient.The Medullary fixation bar 2 is equipped withFixed bar body 21 and fixed section 22, the fixed bar body 21 are matched with shin bone pulp cavity, and the fixed section 22 is set to close described1 end of tibial plateau prosthese ontology, the fixed section 22 cross-sectional area in the horizontal direction are greater than the fixed bar body 21 in waterSquare to cross-sectional area.The fusion face 12 that the tibial plateau prosthese ontology 1 has outer surface 11 and contacts with human body bone,The outer surface 11 is the exposed surface of defect tibial plateau, and the fusion face 12 is plane.The fusion face 12 is several layersLayer structure, every layer of layer structure have multiple micropores, and the micropore of layer and layer is interconnected.Outside the Medullary fixation bar 2Surface is the layer structure of several layers, and every layer of layer structure has multiple micropores, and the micropore of layer and layer is interconnected.Fusion face12 and Medullary fixation bar 2 outer surface micropore 3 aperture be 600 μm~800 μm.Fusion face 12 and Medullary fixation bar 2 it is outerThe porosity on surface is 60%~80%.Fusion face 12 and the outer surface of Medullary fixation bar 2 with a thickness of 1.5mm~2.0mm.
Above-mentioned tibial plateau prosthese passes through the preparation method included the following steps and obtains:
1) model of tibial plateau is obtained by CT and MRI；
2) model for obtaining step 1) carries out three-dimensional registration fusion, and then reverse modeling, obtains tibial plateau prosthese mouldType；
3) 3D printing is carried out according to tibial plateau prosthese model.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripeThe personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.CauseThis, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such asAt all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.