The rotarytype injector of variable-throat areaTechnical field
The present invention relates to engine chamber more particularly to engine chamber fuel nozzles.
Background technique
Fluid combustion, it is necessary to first evaporate olefiant gas, then combustion reaction is carried out with gaseous state.Atomizing of liquid fuel andEvaporation is a vital process to gas-turbine combustion chamber, and being atomized is the basis evaporated.Aero-gas turbineFuel-oil atmozation generally uses fuel nozzle to realize.The most popular pressure-type atomizer on aero-gas turbine at presentFor rotarytype injector.In rotarytype injector, fuel oil under oil pressure actuated by the whirl hole or eddy flow slot in nozzle, make fuel oil withThe form for rotating liquid film sprays spout.Liquid film by centrifugal force effect it is tapered scatter, increase outlet atomization cone angle, increase withThe area of air interaction, improves atomizing particle size.Fuel supply flow rate variation but for aero-engine, under different operating conditionsAt this moment great disparity only changes fuel delivery with change charge oil pressure far from meeting the requirements by simple single oil circuit nozzle.For example,The minimum and maximum fuel delivery of engine often differs 20 times or more, and fuel feeding pressure difference just differs 400 times.
Common solution is exactly that two spouts are overlappingly filled on a nozzle, distinguishes fuel feeding by two strands of oil circuits, and oneAs be referred to as major-minor oil circuit.The fuel nozzle of CFM56 Engine Series and GE90 are double oil circuits swirl atomizer.Wherein, small shapeUnder state, auxiliary oil circuit is responsible for fuel feeding, and as charge oil pressure increases, auxiliary oil circuit oil mass is also gradually increased.When oil pressure reaches a timing, masterOil circuit starts fuel feeding, at this point, major-minor oil circuit starts simultaneously at fuel feeding.
However, it was recognized by the inventor that the more single oil circuit swirl atomizer of this body structure of double oil circuits swirl atomizer first is complicated, as schemedShown in 1.Major and minor oil circuit spout 22,24 is shown in Fig. 1, generates the axial swirl blades 26,25 of eddy flow, shell 21,23.It is multipleMiscellaneous double oil circuits structure can make nozzle processing difficulties and weight increases.
Meanwhile according to the demand of flow, conventional engines combustion chamber double oil circuits swirl atomizer uses check valve (checkValve) the structure combined with metering valve (metering valve).Specific method is that, in auxiliary oil circuit upstream end, installation is unidirectionalValve, whether valve is opened is determined by oil pressure.In working connection upstream end, metering valve is installed, fuel oil is become in metering valve by oneThe throttle of orifice size, so that using same fuel manifold fuel oil, the major and minor fuel oil of different operating conditionsIt can obtain different allocation proportions.For double oil circuits swirl atomizer, in order to make the oil mass of major and minor oil circuit under different operating conditionsAllocation proportion is different, needs to install additional check valve and metering valve, increases the difficulty and engine weight of control system.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the rotarytype injectors of variable-throat area, have different spray nozzles under different oil pressureDischarge area.
The rotarytype injector of variable-throat area according to the present invention comprising nozzle body, end cap, cylinder, elastic componentAnd axial swirl blades, wherein nozzle body has axial length, with the first open end of oil inlet side on axial lengthAnd the second open end positioned at fuel-displaced side, the fuel chamber through first open end and second open end, andThe pipeline being provided with into fuel oil is outwardly protruded on axle body, the fuel chamber has internal diameter flaring portion in fuel-displaced side；End cap is removableUnload the first open end of connection nozzle body；Cylinder is movably arranged in the fuel chamber, between the fuel chamber betweenGap forms the fuel gallery passed through for fuel oil, and one end has outer diameter flaring portion, opposite with internal diameter flaring portion, the other end and endLid is opposite and is spaced apart；Elastic component connects the end cap and the cylinder；Axial swirl blades are arranged in cylinder and nozzle bodyBetween the fuel gallery.
In one or more embodiments, the outer diameter flaring portion of the cylinder is cone, and cone generatrices are indentCurve.
In one or more embodiments, the internal diameter flaring portion longitudinal cross-section of the fuel chamber is linearly outerExpand.
In one or more embodiments, the nozzle body is stretched out in the outer diameter flaring portion part of the cylinderSecond open end.
In one or more embodiments, the axis into fuel oil pipeline and the fuel chamber is at angle.
In one or more embodiments, the nozzle body is cylindrical shape.
In one or more embodiments, the cylinder is located at the fuel chamber center, the cylinder and the fuel oilAnnular gap is formed between chamber.
An extension spring and column structure are added in nozzle, so that exit area of nozzle is in different spring elongation lengthIn the case where be varied, and the fuel pressure of the tensile elongation origin stream of spring causes, to have under realizing different oil pressureThe function of different spray nozzles discharge area.
Detailed description of the invention
The above and other features of the present invention, property and advantage will pass through retouching with reference to the accompanying drawings and examplesIt states and becomes readily apparent from, in which:
Fig. 1 is traditional double oil circuits swirl atomizer structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to the centrifugal spray of the variable-throat area of one or more embodiments.
Specific embodiment
It is following to disclose the embodiment or embodiment of subject technology scheme described in a variety of different implementations.For simplificationThe specific example of each element and arrangement is described below in disclosure, and certainly, these are only example, is not to thisThe protection scope of invention is limited.Such as the fisrt feature then recorded in the description above second feature or aboveIt is formed, may include the embodiment that the first and second features are formed by way of directly contacting, also be included in the first HeThe embodiment that supplementary features are formed between second feature, to can not directly be contacted between the first and second features.In addition,In these disclosures may in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or letter.The repetition is in order to brief and clearChu itself does not indicate each embodiment being discussed and/or interstructural relationship.Further, when first element be withThe mode that second element is connected or combines describes, which includes the reality that the first and second elements are connected directly or are bonded to each otherMode is applied, also includes so that the first and second interelements ground connection is connected or is tied each other using one or more other intervening elements additionsIt closes.
In embodiment as shown in Figure 2, the rotarytype injector of variable-throat area include nozzle body 11, end cap 13,Cylinder 16, elastic component 14 and axial swirl blades 17.Nozzle body 11 has axial length, has oil inlet on axial lengthFirst open end of side is located at left end in figure, and positioned at the second open end of fuel-displaced side, right end is located in figure.NozzleShell 11 also has the fuel chamber 15 through first open end and second open end, and outwardly protrudes on axle bodyIt is provided with the pipeline 12 into fuel oil, the fuel chamber 15 has internal diameter flaring portion 151 in fuel-displaced side.End cap 13 is detachably connectedFirst open end of nozzle body 11.Cylinder 16 is formed being movably arranged the gap between fuel chamber 15 in fuel chamber 15For the fuel gallery that fuel oil passes through, one end has outer diameter flaring portion 161, opposite with internal diameter flaring portion 151, the other end withEnd cap 13 is opposite and is spaced apart.14 connection end cap 13 of elastic component and cylinder 16.The setting of axial swirl blades 17 is in cylinder 16 and sprayIn gap between mouth shell 11.
At work, fuel oil enters fuel chamber 15 by the pipeline 12 on nozzle body 11.As fuel oil gradually increases, in portionDivide full of after fuel chamber 15, fuel oil is flowed to the right by the fuel gallery between shell 11 and cylinder 16, by axial rotational flow leafWhen piece 17, centrifugal force is generated, is finally sprayed by the jet expansion between shell 11 and cylinder 16.As fuel oil oil pressure gradually increasesGreatly, fuel chamber 15 is completely filled with, and cylinder 16 is pulled extension spring 14 to move right, at this time shell 11 and column by fuel pressureExit area of nozzle between body 16 is gradually increased, and fuel oil is sprayed by increasing the jet expansion of area.When the work of engineChange as situation, such as be switched to cruise by taking off, amount of fuel is reduced, and the fuel oil oil pressure in fuel chamber 15 gradually dropsLow, the pulling force of 16 upper spring 14 of cylinder effect pulls cylinder 16 to be moved to the left, at this time the nozzle face between shell 11 and cylinder 16Product is gradually reduced, and fuel oil is sprayed by reducing the jet expansion of area.
In one or more embodiments, the outer diameter flaring portion 161 of cylinder 16 is cone, and cone generatrices are interior concave curvedLine.Relative to the shape of linear flaring, discharge area increasing degree is faster.
In one or more embodiments, 151 longitudinal cross-section of internal diameter flaring portion of the fuel chamber 15 is linearly outerExpand.It may be concave curve, so that discharge area increasing degree is faster.
As shown in Figure 1, the second open end i.e. its right side of nozzle body 11 is stretched out in 161 part of outer diameter flaring portion of cylinder 16End.Into the axis of fuel oil pipeline 12 and fuel chamber 15 at angle.Nozzle body 11 is cylindrical shape, is also possible to other shapes.Cylinder 16 is located at fuel chamber center, forms annular gap between cylinder 16 and fuel chamber 15.
In the foregoing embodiment, spring 14 also may adapt to play the elastic component of similar effect.Due to spring one endIt is connected at end cap 13, detachably, in order to later period cleaning, replacement nozzle interior component.
In the foregoing embodiment, to the reset of cylinder 16 using be arranged in spring between 16 end of end cap and cylinder orThe pulling force of person's elastic component realizes, relative to the embodiment by compressed spring, simplifies the structures such as baffle, cavity with being combinedDress, configuration are simple.
In the foregoing embodiment, axial swirl blades are set in fuel gallery, therefore can produce fuel oil centrifugal rotaryEffect is flowed, fuel oil is made to spray spout in the form of rotating liquid film.Liquid film leans on centrifugal force effect is tapered to scatter, and increases outlet mistChange cone angle, increases the area with air interaction, improve atomizing particle size.
In the foregoing embodiment, an extension spring and column structure are added in nozzle, so that exit area of nozzleIt is varied in the case where different spring elongation length, and the fuel pressure of the tensile elongation origin stream of spring causes, thusRealize the function of having different spray nozzles discharge area under different oil pressure.The function is able to solve double oil circuits swirl atomizer, and structure is complicatedThe problem of, the performance of double oil circuits swirl atomizer is only achieved that with list oil circuit, and without installing additional needed for double oil circuits swirl atomizerCheck valve and metering valve.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field skillArt personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification.Therefore, it is all without departing fromThe content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention any modification to the above embodiments, equivalent variationsAnd modification, it each falls within the protection scope that the claims in the present invention are defined.