技术领域technical field
本发明涉及放射治疗技术领域，特别涉及一种限束器。本发明还涉及一种放射治疗设备。The invention relates to the technical field of radiotherapy, in particular to a beam limiter. The invention also relates to a radiotherapy device.
背景技术Background technique
准直器通常作为医用加速器的辐射头组件，主要用于对肿瘤进行放射治疗。在肿瘤放射治疗的过程中，通常需根据不同患者、不同体位变换准直器的辐射视野，以便在不损伤正常组织和要害器官的前提下对患者体内一定大小和形状的肿瘤进行放射治疗。因此，改进准直器就显得尤为必要。Collimators are usually used as radiation head components of medical accelerators and are mainly used for radiation therapy of tumors. In the process of tumor radiation therapy, it is usually necessary to change the radiation field of view of the collimator according to different patients and different body positions, so as to perform radiation therapy on tumors of a certain size and shape in the patient's body without damaging normal tissues and vital organs. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to improve the collimator.
现有的医用加速器的辐射准直系统主要由初级准直器、次级准直器和附加准直器组成，而辐射射野的变换主要是通过附加准直器来实现的。按辐射射野的变换方式，附加准直器又分为连续可调射野的准直器和非连续可调射野的准直器两种。连续可调射野的准直器通常由多块活动挡板构成，通过较复杂的机械结构实现更换准直器的不同辐射射野，其结构通常较复杂。然而，非连续可调射野的准直器通常是将不同孔径的准直器集成在一起，仅需通过调整准直器位置便可进行不同孔径准直器的更换从而实现辐射射野的更换，其结构相对简单，应用较前者更广泛。The radiation collimation system of the existing medical accelerator is mainly composed of a primary collimator, a secondary collimator and an additional collimator, and the transformation of the radiation field is mainly realized by the additional collimator. According to the transformation method of the radiation field, the additional collimator is divided into two types: the collimator with continuously adjustable field and the collimator with non-continuously adjustable field. The collimator with continuously adjustable field is usually composed of multiple movable baffles, and the different radiation fields of the collimator can be replaced through a relatively complicated mechanical structure, and the structure is usually complicated. However, collimators with non-continuously adjustable fields usually integrate collimators with different apertures, and the collimators with different apertures can be replaced by adjusting the position of the collimator to realize the replacement of radiation fields. , its structure is relatively simple, and its application is more extensive than the former.
以非连续可调射野准直器为例，现有的准直器通常包括准直器壳体和准直器变换控制系统，以便自动将一个或多个准直器通过准直器变换控制系统固定在准直器壳体上。在更换准直器的过程中必占用大量的时间转移、拆装准直器，导致很难方便、快速、自动地更换准直器，从而很难方便、快速、自动地更换辐射射野。Taking the non-continuously adjustable field collimator as an example, the existing collimators usually include a collimator housing and a collimator transformation control system, so that one or more collimators can be automatically controlled by the collimator transformation The system is fixed on the collimator housing. In the process of replacing the collimator, it will take a lot of time to transfer, disassemble and assemble the collimator, which makes it difficult to replace the collimator conveniently, quickly and automatically, so that it is difficult to replace the radiation field conveniently, quickly and automatically.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种限束器，能够方便、快速、自动地更换辐射射野。本发明的另一目的在于提供一种放射治疗设备，操作更简便。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a beam limiter, which can conveniently, quickly and automatically change radiation fields. Another object of the present invention is to provide a radiotherapy device, which is easier to operate.
其具体方案如下：The specific plan is as follows:
本申请所提供的准直器，包括旋转准直器，所述旋转准直器包括：The collimator provided by the application includes a rotating collimator, and the rotating collimator includes:
具有中心腔体、侧面径向分布有若干孔径不同且与母线相平行的旋转准直孔的圆台形壳体；A frustum-shaped shell with a central cavity and a number of rotating collimation holes with different diameters distributed radially on the side and parallel to the generatrix;
与所述圆台形壳体相连、用于驱动所述圆台形壳体转动的驱动装置；A drive device connected to the truncated conical housing for driving the rotation of the truncated conical housing;
与所述圆台形壳体相连、用于检测所述圆台形壳体角度的角度检测装置；An angle detection device connected to the truncated conical housing for detecting the angle of the truncated conical housing;
分别与所述驱动装置和所述角度检测装置相连、用于接收所述角度检测装置发送的信号并根据接收信号控制所述驱动装置启动或停止的控制装置。A control device that is connected to the drive device and the angle detection device and is used to receive the signal sent by the angle detection device and control the drive device to start or stop according to the received signal.
优选地，所述驱动装置包括：Preferably, the driving device includes:
穿过所述中心腔体、用于支撑所述圆台形壳体转动的支撑轴；a support shaft passing through the central cavity and used to support the rotation of the frustum-shaped housing;
安装于所述支撑轴上且与所述圆台形壳体相连、用于驱动所述圆台形壳体绕所述支撑轴转动的同步带；a timing belt mounted on the support shaft and connected to the truncated conical housing for driving the truncated conical housing to rotate around the support shaft;
与所述同步带相连、用于传递转矩的减速器；a speed reducer connected to the synchronous belt for transmitting torque;
与所述减速器相连、用于提供转矩的间接驱动电机。An indirect drive motor coupled to the reducer for providing torque.
优选地，所述同步带包括：Preferably, the timing belt includes:
位于所述中心腔体内且与所述支撑轴相连、用于带动所述圆台形壳体转动的大带轮；a large pulley located in the central cavity and connected to the support shaft for driving the frustum-shaped housing to rotate;
与所述减速器的输出端相连、用于传递转矩的小带轮；a small pulley connected to the output end of the reducer and used for torque transmission;
连接于所述大带轮与所述小带轮之间的传动带。A transmission belt connected between the large pulley and the small pulley.
优选地，所述驱动装置包括：Preferably, the driving device includes:
位于所述中心腔体内且与所述圆台形壳体相连、用于带动所述圆台形壳体转动的转轴；a rotating shaft located in the central cavity and connected to the frustum-shaped casing for driving the rotation of the frustum-shaped casing;
与所述转轴相连、用于输出转矩的直驱电机。A direct drive motor connected to the rotating shaft for outputting torque.
优选地，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
与所述圆台形壳体相连且中心轴线与所述圆台形壳体的中心轴线呈一定夹角、具有能够与若干所述旋转准直孔择一地对齐贯通的固定准直孔的二级准直器。A secondary collimator that is connected to the truncated conical housing and whose central axis forms a certain angle with the central axis of the truncated conical housing, and has a fixed collimation hole that can alternately align with several of the rotating collimation holes. Straightener.
优选地，所述二级准直器与所述旋转准直器之间的接触面为圆弧面。Preferably, the contact surface between the secondary collimator and the rotating collimator is an arc surface.
优选地，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
安装于所述二级准直器的外周且与所述旋转准直器相连、用于支撑并连接二者的支座。A support installed on the outer periphery of the secondary collimator and connected to the rotating collimator for supporting and connecting the two.
优选地，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
分别与所述减速器和所述间接驱动电机相连且与所述支座相连、用于分别支撑所述减速器和所述间接驱动电机的固定支架。A fixed bracket that is respectively connected with the reducer and the indirect drive motor and connected with the support for supporting the reducer and the indirect drive motor respectively.
优选地，还包括：Preferably, it also includes:
固连于所述直驱电机与所述支座之间、用于支撑所述直驱电机的弯折支架。A bent bracket fixedly connected between the direct drive motor and the support for supporting the direct drive motor.
本申请还提供一种放射治疗设备，包括辐射头，还包括如上任一项所述安装于所述辐射头上的限束器。The present application also provides a radiotherapy device, including a radiation head, and a beam limiter installed on the radiation head according to any one of the above.
相对于背景技术，本申请所提供的准直器，包括旋转准直器，所述旋转准直器包括圆台形壳体、驱动装置、角度检测装置和控制装置，所述圆台形壳体具有中心腔体，其侧面径向分布有若干孔径不同且与母线相平行的旋转准直孔，所述驱动装置和所述角度检测装置分别用于驱动所述圆台形壳体转动和检测所述圆台形壳体的角度，所述控制装置用于接收所述角度检测装置发送的信号并根据接收信号控制所述驱动装置运行或停止。With respect to the background technology, the collimator provided by the present application includes a rotating collimator, and the rotating collimator includes a truncated conical housing, a driving device, an angle detection device and a control device, and the truncated conical housing has a center The side of the cavity is radially distributed with a number of rotating collimation holes with different apertures and parallel to the generatrix. The driving device and the angle detection device are respectively used to drive the rotation of the frustum-shaped shell and detect the rotation of the frustum-shaped shell. The angle of the casing, the control device is used to receive the signal sent by the angle detection device and control the drive device to run or stop according to the received signal.
预先将不同孔径的所述旋转准直孔的角度信息进行编码，并将载有角度信号的编码存储至所述控制装置中；然后启动所述驱动装置，所述驱动装置驱动所述圆台形壳体旋转，同时所述角度检测装置实时检测所述圆台形壳体的旋转角度，所述角度检测装置将所述圆台形壳体的角度信号转换为电信号，接着将电信号发送至所述控制装置；所述控制装置将接收的电信号再解码成为角度信号，并将该角度信号与预设的角度信号进行判断，若二者一致，则所述驱动装置停止运行，所述圆台形壳体停止旋转，当前对准外围设备的所述旋转准直孔的射野便为本申请所提供的准直器的辐射射野；若二者不一致，则所述驱动装置继续运行，所述圆台形型壳体继续旋转，直至二者一致，然后重复上述步骤。Encode the angle information of the rotating collimation holes with different apertures in advance, and store the code carrying the angle signal in the control device; then start the drive device, and the drive device drives the frustum-shaped shell The body rotates, and at the same time, the angle detection device detects the rotation angle of the frustum-shaped housing in real time, and the angle detection device converts the angle signal of the frustum-shaped housing into an electrical signal, and then sends the electrical signal to the control unit. device; the control device decodes the received electrical signal into an angle signal, and judges the angle signal and the preset angle signal. When the rotation is stopped, the field of the rotating collimation hole currently aligned with the peripheral equipment is the radiation field of the collimator provided by this application; if the two are inconsistent, the driving device continues to run, and the frustum-shaped The type housing continues to rotate until the two are consistent, and then repeat the above steps.
在调节本申请所提供的准直器的辐射射野时仅需通过所述驱动装置、所述角度检测装置和所述控制装置便能够控制所述圆台形壳体自动旋转或自动停止，从而设于其上的若干不同孔径的旋转准直孔便相对于外围设备输出端自动旋转或自动停止，不同孔径的旋转准直孔具有不同的辐射射野，通过调整当前与外围设备输出端对齐的所述旋转准直孔类型进而实现调整辐射射野。整个过程调整过程进行转动所述圆台形壳体即可，操作简单方便，且能够避免反复更换准直器，从而避免反复转移、拆装准直器，节省了更换准直器的时间，因此能够方便、快速、自动地更换辐射射野。When adjusting the radiation field of the collimator provided by the present application, only the driving device, the angle detection device and the control device can control the automatic rotation or automatic stop of the frustum-shaped housing, thereby setting A number of rotating collimating holes with different apertures on it will automatically rotate or stop automatically relative to the output end of the peripheral equipment. The rotating collimating holes with different apertures have different radiation fields. The above-mentioned rotating collimation hole type can be used to adjust the radiation field. The entire adjustment process can be done by rotating the frustum-shaped shell, which is simple and convenient to operate, and can avoid repeated replacement of the collimator, thereby avoiding repeated transfer, disassembly and assembly of the collimator, and saving the time for replacing the collimator, so it can Easy, fast and automatic radiation field change.
另外，本申请所提供的放射治疗设备，包括辐射头，还包括安装于所述辐射头上的限束器。由于所述限束器的改进，使得所述放射治疗设备的操作更简便。In addition, the radiotherapy equipment provided in the present application includes a radiation head, and further includes a beam limiter installed on the radiation head. Due to the improvement of the beam limiter, the operation of the radiotherapy equipment is made easier.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明一种具体实施例所提供准直器的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of the collimator provided by a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
图2为图1中A-A的剖面示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1;
图3为图1的右侧视图；Fig. 3 is the right side view of Fig. 1;
图4为图1中大带轮的轴视图；Fig. 4 is the axial view of large pulley among Fig. 1;
图5为图1中大带轮的剖视图；Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the large pulley in Fig. 1;
图6为图1中二级准直器的剖面示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the secondary collimator in Fig. 1;
图7为本发明另一种具体实施例所提供准直器的主视图；Fig. 7 is the front view of the collimator provided by another specific embodiment of the present invention;
图8为图7中B-B的剖面示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 7 .
附图标记如下：The reference signs are as follows:
旋转准直器1、二级准直器2、支座3和固定支架4；Rotating collimator 1, secondary collimator 2, support 3 and fixed bracket 4;
圆台形壳体11、驱动装置12和角度检测装置13；Conical housing 11, driving device 12 and angle detection device 13;
旋转准直孔110；Rotate the collimation hole 110;
支撑轴121、同步带122、减速器123和间接驱动电机124；Support shaft 121, synchronous belt 122, speed reducer 123 and indirect drive motor 124;
大带轮1221、小带轮1222和传动带1223；Large pulley 1221, small pulley 1222 and drive belt 1223;
固定准直孔21；Fixed collimation hole 21;
转轴221和直驱电机222；Rotating shaft 221 and direct drive motor 222;
弯折支架5。Bending bracket 5.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
请参考图1至图3，图1为本发明一种具体实施例所提供准直器的主视图；图2为图1中A-A的剖面示意图；图3为图1的右侧视图。Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, Figure 1 is a front view of a collimator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a right side view of Figure 1.
本发明一种实施例所公开的准直器，包括旋转准直器1、二级准直器2、支座3和固定支架4。A collimator disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotating collimator 1 , a secondary collimator 2 , a support 3 and a fixed bracket 4 .
其中，旋转准直器1包括圆台形壳体11、驱动装置12、角度检测装置13和控制装置。Wherein, the rotating collimator 1 includes a truncated cone housing 11 , a driving device 12 , an angle detecting device 13 and a control device.
在该具体实施例中，圆台形壳体11的外侧面大致呈锥状，且具有中心腔体，该中心腔体也优选呈圆台形，以保证圆台形壳体11的厚度均匀，当然，中心腔体的结构不限于圆台形，采用圆柱形等结构并不影响实现本发明的目的。圆台形壳体11的侧面径向分布有若干孔径不同且中心轴线与圆台形壳体11的母线相平行的旋转准直孔110，不同的孔径意味着不同的辐射射野。在该具体实施例中，为了使圆台形壳体11的壁厚不至于太厚且方便与二级准直器2相匹配，各个旋转准直孔110的外周设有外径相等的保护套，从而在一定程度能够有效地减小漏射量。各个保护套的中心轴线与圆台形壳体11的母线相平行，且与对应的旋转准直孔110的中心轴线重合，相应地，各个保护套的外径远大于圆台形壳体11的壁厚，自然圆台形壳体11的外表面和内表面均呈波浪形。当然，各个保护套的外径也可以不相等。具体地，该具体实施例中的圆台形壳体11包括十二个旋转准直孔110，相邻两个旋转准直孔110的中心轴线间之间均呈30°夹角，从而使各个旋转准直孔110均匀地排列在圆台形壳体11的外侧面上，当然，旋转准直孔110的数量及排列方式不限于此。值得注意的是，在该具体实施例中，所有旋转准直孔110均为锥形孔，内径从圆台形壳体11的小径端至大径端逐渐增大，当然，旋转准直孔110的结构不限于此。In this specific embodiment, the outer surface of the truncated conical shell 11 is approximately conical, and has a central cavity. The structure of the cavity is not limited to the shape of the truncated cone, and the use of a structure such as a cylinder does not affect the realization of the purpose of the present invention. On the side of the frustum-shaped casing 11, there are several rotating collimating holes 110 with different diameters distributed radially and whose central axis is parallel to the generatrix of the frustum-shaped casing 11. Different apertures mean different radiation fields. In this specific embodiment, in order to prevent the wall thickness of the truncated conical housing 11 from being too thick and to facilitate matching with the secondary collimator 2, the outer circumference of each rotating collimation hole 110 is provided with a protective sleeve with the same outer diameter. Therefore, the leakage amount can be effectively reduced to a certain extent. The central axis of each protective cover is parallel to the generatrix of the truncated conical shell 11 and coincides with the central axis of the corresponding rotating alignment hole 110. Correspondingly, the outer diameter of each protective cover is much larger than the wall thickness of the truncated conical shell 11 , the outer surface and the inner surface of the natural frustum-shaped shell 11 are both wavy. Of course, the outer diameters of the respective protective sleeves may also be unequal. Specifically, the truncated conical housing 11 in this specific embodiment includes twelve rotation alignment holes 110, and the central axes of two adjacent rotation alignment holes 110 form an included angle of 30°, so that each rotation The collimating holes 110 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the truncated cone-shaped housing 11 , of course, the number and arrangement of the rotating collimating holes 110 are not limited thereto. It should be noted that, in this specific embodiment, all the rotating collimating holes 110 are tapered holes, and the inner diameter gradually increases from the small diameter end to the large diameter end of the frustum-shaped shell 11. Of course, the rotating collimating holes 110 The structure is not limited to this.
驱动装置12与圆台形壳体11相连，主要用于驱动圆台形壳体11旋转。在该具体实施例中，驱动装置12包括支撑轴121、同步带122、减速器123和间接驱动电机124。The driving device 12 is connected with the truncated-conical housing 11 and is mainly used to drive the truncated-conical housing 11 to rotate. In this specific embodiment, the drive device 12 includes a support shaft 121 , a timing belt 122 , a speed reducer 123 and an indirect drive motor 124 .
支撑轴121穿过圆台形壳体11的中心腔体，主要用于支撑圆台形壳体11转动。在该具体实施例中，支撑轴121具体为阶梯轴，顶端倾斜地卡接于支座3上。支撑轴121从圆台形壳体11的顶部穿过，相应地，在圆台形壳体11的顶部开设有用于供支撑轴121穿过的圆形安装孔，且支撑轴121的最大外径段与该圆形安装孔相接触。支撑轴121远离支座3的一端与同步带122相接触。当然，支撑轴121的结构及安装方式不限于此。The supporting shaft 121 passes through the central cavity of the truncated-conical housing 11 and is mainly used to support the rotation of the truncated-conical housing 11 . In this specific embodiment, the support shaft 121 is specifically a stepped shaft, and the top end is obliquely clamped on the support 3 . The support shaft 121 passes through the top of the truncated cone-shaped housing 11. Correspondingly, a circular mounting hole for the support shaft 121 to pass through is provided on the top of the truncated cone-shaped housing 11, and the maximum outer diameter section of the support shaft 121 is the same as the The circular mounting holes are in contact. The end of the support shaft 121 away from the support 3 is in contact with the timing belt 122 . Certainly, the structure and installation method of the support shaft 121 are not limited thereto.
同步带122安装于支撑轴121上，且与圆台形壳体11相连，主要用于驱动圆台形壳体绕支撑轴121转动。在该具体实施例中，同步带122包括大带轮1221、小带轮1222和传动带1223。The synchronous belt 122 is mounted on the support shaft 121 and connected with the truncated-conical housing 11 , and is mainly used to drive the truncated-conical housing to rotate around the support shaft 121 . In this specific embodiment, the synchronous belt 122 includes a large pulley 1221 , a small pulley 1222 and a transmission belt 1223 .
请参考图4和图5，图4为图1中大带轮的轴视图；图5为图1中大带轮的剖视图。Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , FIG. 4 is an axial view of the large pulley in FIG. 1 ; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the large pulley in FIG. 1 .
其中，大带轮1221位于圆台形壳体11的中心腔体内，与支撑轴121相连，主要用于带动圆台形壳体11转动。具体地，大带轮1221也是具有圆台形中心腔体的圆台形大带轮，且大带轮1221顶部内侧具有向下延伸的圆柱形支撑段，该圆柱形支撑段与支撑轴121之间通过一对支撑轴承连接在一起，以便大带轮1221带动圆台形壳体11相对于支撑轴121转动。大带轮1221的顶部与圆台形壳体11的顶部可以通过螺栓螺母固定在一起，当然，二者的固定方式不限于此。上述支撑轴承优选滚子轴承，当然，不限于此。另外，大带轮1221的外侧面底部的边沿还设有啮合齿，以便于传动带1223与大带轮1221充分接触，有效提高传递效率，而且可以防止传动带1223发生脱落。大带轮1221的侧面还可以设置若干减重孔，以便减少旋转准直器1的质量，方便更快速地转动。值得注意的是，大带轮1221的底端必超出圆台形壳体11底端一段距离，以防传动带1223与大带轮1221发生干涉。Wherein, the large pulley 1221 is located in the central cavity of the truncated conical shell 11 and is connected with the support shaft 121 , mainly used to drive the truncated conical shell 11 to rotate. Specifically, the large pulley 1221 is also a large truncated conical pulley with a truncated conical central cavity, and the inside of the top of the large pulley 1221 has a cylindrical support section extending downward, and the cylindrical support section and the support shaft 121 pass through A pair of support bearings are connected together, so that the large pulley 1221 drives the truncated circular housing 11 to rotate relative to the support shaft 121 . The top of the large pulley 1221 and the top of the frustum-shaped casing 11 can be fixed together by bolts and nuts, of course, the way of fixing them is not limited thereto. The aforementioned support bearing is preferably a roller bearing, but of course, is not limited thereto. In addition, the bottom edge of the outer surface of the large pulley 1221 is also provided with meshing teeth, so that the transmission belt 1223 can fully contact with the large pulley 1221, effectively improve the transmission efficiency, and prevent the transmission belt 1223 from falling off. The side of the large pulley 1221 can also be provided with some weight-reducing holes, so that the mass of the rotating collimator 1 can be reduced, and it is convenient to rotate more quickly. It should be noted that the bottom end of the large pulley 1221 must exceed the bottom end of the frustum-shaped housing 11 by a certain distance, so as to prevent the transmission belt 1223 from interfering with the large pulley 1221 .
小带轮1222与减速器123的输出端相连相，主要用于传递扭矩，相应地，小带轮1222的外周面设有与大带轮1221相匹配的啮合齿。传动带1223则连接于大带轮1221和小带轮1222之间，用于传递转矩，实现减速。当然，同步带122的结构不限于此。The small pulley 1222 is connected to the output end of the speed reducer 123 and is mainly used for torque transmission. Correspondingly, the outer peripheral surface of the small pulley 1222 is provided with meshing teeth matching the large pulley 1221 . The transmission belt 1223 is connected between the large pulley 1221 and the small pulley 1222 for transmitting torque and realizing deceleration. Of course, the structure of the timing belt 122 is not limited thereto.
减速器123与同步带122相连，间接驱动电机124与减速器123相连，从而间接驱动电机124输出的转矩经由减速器123和同步带122形成的多级减速装置减速后，传递至圆台形壳体11上，当然，减速方式不限于减速器123和同步带122，也可以采用齿轮、链传动等方式实现减速。在该具体实施例中，间接驱动电机124优选步进电机，当然，也可以是其他类型的电机，不限于此。The reducer 123 is connected to the synchronous belt 122, and the indirect drive motor 124 is connected to the reducer 123, so that the torque output by the indirect drive motor 124 is decelerated by the multi-stage reduction device formed by the reducer 123 and the synchronous belt 122, and then transmitted to the frustoconical shell On the body 11, of course, the mode of deceleration is not limited to the speed reducer 123 and the synchronous belt 122, and the deceleration can also be achieved by means of gears, chain drives and the like. In this specific embodiment, the indirect driving motor 124 is preferably a stepping motor, of course, it can also be other types of motors, and is not limited thereto.
在该具体实施例中，减速器123和间接驱动电机124均固定在固定支架4上，固定支架4与支座3固连，由此减速器123和间接驱动电机124便能够实现固定。当然，用于提供转矩的方式不限于间接驱动电机124，也可以采用其他方式提供转矩，并不影响实现本发明的目的。In this specific embodiment, both the reducer 123 and the indirect drive motor 124 are fixed on the fixed bracket 4, and the fixed bracket 4 is fixedly connected with the support 3, so that the reducer 123 and the indirect drive motor 124 can be fixed. Of course, the method for providing torque is not limited to the indirect drive motor 124, and other methods can also be used to provide torque, which does not affect the purpose of the present invention.
角度检测装置13与圆台形壳体11相连，主要用于检测圆台形壳体11的旋转角度。在该具体实施例中，角度检测装置13具体为旋转编码器，通常情况下，不同孔径的旋转准直孔110与该旋转编码器相对应，以便更精确地检测旋转准直孔110的旋转角度，以保证所需旋转准直孔110与二级准直器2对齐贯通。当然，该旋转编码器可以为增量式旋转编码器，也可以是绝对编码器。当上述旋转编码器为增量式旋转编码器时，该增量式旋转编码器包括与支撑轴121相连的固定部和与大带轮1221相连的旋转部。当上述旋转编码器为绝对编码器时，该绝对编码器安装方式与增量式旋转编码器安装方式相同，在此不再赘述。The angle detecting device 13 is connected with the truncated-conical housing 11 and is mainly used for detecting the rotation angle of the truncated-conical housing 11 . In this specific embodiment, the angle detection device 13 is specifically a rotary encoder. Usually, the rotary alignment holes 110 with different apertures correspond to the rotary encoder, so as to detect the rotation angle of the rotary alignment holes 110 more accurately. , to ensure that the required rotation collimation hole 110 is aligned with the secondary collimator 2 . Certainly, the rotary encoder may be an incremental rotary encoder or an absolute encoder. When the rotary encoder is an incremental rotary encoder, the incremental rotary encoder includes a fixed part connected to the support shaft 121 and a rotating part connected to the large pulley 1221 . When the above-mentioned rotary encoder is an absolute encoder, the installation method of the absolute encoder is the same as that of the incremental rotary encoder, which will not be repeated here.
值得注意的是，为了进一步确保患者的正常组织免受损伤，本申请采用冗余设计，具体地在间接驱动电机124内增设旋转编码器，以便进一步提升安全性，同时有利于降低因编码器故障而引起医疗事故的风险。It is worth noting that, in order to further ensure that the normal tissue of the patient is not damaged, this application adopts a redundant design, specifically, a rotary encoder is added in the indirect drive motor 124, so as to further improve safety, and at the same time help to reduce damage caused by encoder failure. And cause the risk of medical accident.
控制装置分别与驱动装置12和角度检测装置13相连、用于接收角度检测装置13发送的信号并根据接收信号控制驱动装置12启动或停止。在该具体实施例中，控制装置可包含PLC、单片机等部件，当然，不限于此。The control device is respectively connected with the drive device 12 and the angle detection device 13, and is used for receiving the signal sent by the angle detection device 13 and controlling the drive device 12 to start or stop according to the received signal. In this specific embodiment, the control device may include PLC, single-chip microcomputer and other components, of course, it is not limited thereto.
请参考图6，图6为图1中二级准直器的剖面示意图。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the secondary collimator in FIG. 1 .
二级准直器2与圆台形壳体11相连，且二级准直器2的中心轴线与圆台形壳体11的中心轴线呈一定夹角。此外，二级准直器2的中心还具有能够与若干旋转准直孔110择一地对齐贯通的固定准直孔21。在该具体实施例中，二级准直器2的外周面呈阶梯状，以便卡接于支座3上。二级准直器2的中心轴线与固定准直孔21的中心轴线重合，且固定准直孔21也为锥形通孔。当旋转准直器1旋转至某一位置停止时，其中一个旋转准直孔110恰好位于二级准直器2的正下方，同时该旋转准直孔110与固定准直孔21对齐贯通，也即两种准直孔的中心轴线相重合，接触面相契合。值得注意的是，二级准直器2与旋转准直器1之间的接触面为圆弧面，以便减小二级准直器2出口与旋转准直器1入口间的距离，从而减少漏射量。具体地，二级准直器2的底部为下凸式圆弧面，对应地旋转准直孔110的保护套顶部为内凹式圆弧面，当然，不限于此。The secondary collimator 2 is connected to the truncated conical housing 11 , and the central axis of the secondary collimator 2 forms a certain angle with the central axis of the truncated conical housing 11 . In addition, the center of the secondary collimator 2 also has a fixed collimation hole 21 that can alternatively be aligned with several rotating collimation holes 110 . In this specific embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the secondary collimator 2 is stepped, so as to be clamped on the support 3 . The central axis of the secondary collimator 2 coincides with the central axis of the fixed collimation hole 21, and the fixed collimation hole 21 is also a tapered through hole. When the rotating collimator 1 rotates to a certain position and stops, one of the rotating collimating holes 110 is just below the secondary collimator 2, and at the same time, the rotating collimating hole 110 is aligned with the fixed collimating hole 21, and also That is to say, the central axes of the two kinds of collimation holes coincide, and the contact surfaces match. It is worth noting that the contact surface between the secondary collimator 2 and the rotary collimator 1 is a circular arc surface, so as to reduce the distance between the exit of the secondary collimator 2 and the entrance of the rotary collimator 1, thereby reducing the Leakage. Specifically, the bottom of the secondary collimator 2 is a downwardly convex arc surface, and the top of the protective cover of the rotating collimation hole 110 is correspondingly a concave arc surface, of course, it is not limited thereto.
支座3安装在二级准直器2的外周，并通过支撑轴121与旋转准直器1相连，主要用于支撑并连接二者。支座3通常用于与外围设备相连，一般安装于医用加速器的辐射头上。在该具体实施例中，支座3的中心开设有用于卡接二级准直器2的阶梯孔。为了节省材料且方便安装于医用加速器的辐射头上，支座3的外周面也呈阶梯状。在支座3的顶部设有连接凸缘，当然，支座3的结构不限于此。The support 3 is installed on the outer periphery of the secondary collimator 2, and is connected with the rotating collimator 1 through a support shaft 121, and is mainly used for supporting and connecting the two. The support 3 is usually used to connect with peripheral equipment, and is generally installed on the radiation head of a medical accelerator. In this specific embodiment, a stepped hole for clamping the secondary collimator 2 is opened in the center of the support 3 . In order to save material and facilitate installation on the radiation head of the medical accelerator, the outer peripheral surface of the support 3 is also stepped. A connection flange is provided on the top of the support 3, of course, the structure of the support 3 is not limited thereto.
固定支架4分别与减速器123和间接驱动电机124相连，且与支座3相连，主要用于支撑减速器123和间接驱动电机124。在该具体实施例中，固定支架4可以是普通的连接平板，当然，不限于此。The fixed bracket 4 is respectively connected with the reducer 123 and the indirect drive motor 124 , and connected with the support 3 , and is mainly used to support the reducer 123 and the indirect drive motor 124 . In this specific embodiment, the fixing bracket 4 may be a common connection plate, but of course, it is not limited thereto.
该具体实施例所提供的准直器的工作流程如下：The working process of the collimator provided by this specific embodiment is as follows:
将不同孔径的旋转准直孔110依次编码成不同的预设角度信号，并存储至控制装置中；Sequentially encoding the rotating collimation holes 110 with different apertures into different preset angle signals, and storing them in the control device;
启动间接驱动电机124，间接驱动电机124将转矩依次传递至减速器123和同步带122，大带轮1221带动圆台形壳体11转动；Start the indirect drive motor 124, the indirect drive motor 124 transmits the torque to the speed reducer 123 and the synchronous belt 122 in turn, and the large pulley 1221 drives the truncated conical housing 11 to rotate;
同时角度检测装置13检测圆台形壳体11的转动角度，将角度信号转换为电信号后发送至控制装置；Simultaneously, the angle detection device 13 detects the rotation angle of the truncated cone housing 11, and converts the angle signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the control device;
控制装置将电信号再转化为角度信号，比较转化后的角度信号与调取的预设角度信号是否一致；The control device converts the electrical signal into an angle signal, and compares whether the converted angle signal is consistent with the preset angle signal;
如果是，则间接驱动电机124停止转动，所需旋转准直孔1011与固定准直孔21对齐，完成辐射射野的调节；If so, the indirect drive motor 124 stops rotating, the required rotating collimation hole 1011 is aligned with the fixed collimation hole 21, and the adjustment of the radiation field is completed;
如果否，则间接驱动电机124继续转动，圆台形壳体11随之继续转动，直至转化后的角度信号与调取的预设角度信号一致停止转动，重复上述步骤。If not, the indirect drive motor 124 continues to rotate, and the truncated cone housing 11 continues to rotate thereupon until the converted angle signal is consistent with the preset angle signal and stops rotating, and the above steps are repeated.
这样便完成一种辐射射野的调整，重复上述步骤，变换预设角度信号，完成多种辐射射野的调整。In this way, the adjustment of one type of radiation field is completed, and the above steps are repeated to change the preset angle signal to complete the adjustment of multiple radiation fields.
综上所述，本申请所提供的准直器包括旋转准直器1，其中，旋转准直器1包括圆台形壳体11、驱动装置12、角度检测装置13和控制装置。通过角度检测装置13和控制装置共同作用，控制驱动装置12自动旋转或自动停止，从而控制圆台形壳体11自动旋转或自动停止，以便不同孔径的旋转准直孔110分别与固定准直孔21对齐贯通，从而完成辐射射野的更换。在更换辐射射野的过程中，仅需自动转动圆台形壳体11即可，避免反复更换准直器，简化了更换步骤，节省了更换时间，因此，本申请所提供的准直器能够方便、快速、自动地更换辐射射野。In summary, the collimator provided in this application includes a rotating collimator 1, wherein the rotating collimator 1 includes a frustum-shaped housing 11, a driving device 12, an angle detecting device 13 and a control device. Through the joint action of the angle detection device 13 and the control device, the driving device 12 is controlled to automatically rotate or automatically stop, thereby controlling the automatic rotation or automatic stop of the frustum-shaped housing 11, so that the rotating collimating holes 110 of different apertures are respectively aligned with the fixed collimating holes 21 Align and pass through to complete the replacement of the radiation field. In the process of changing the radiation field, it is only necessary to automatically rotate the frustum-shaped housing 11, avoiding repeated replacement of the collimator, simplifying the replacement steps, and saving replacement time. Therefore, the collimator provided by the application can facilitate , Quickly and automatically change the radiation field.
请参考图7和图8，图7为本发明另一种具体实施例所提供准直器的主视图；图8为图7中B-B的剖面示意图。Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , FIG. 7 is a front view of a collimator provided by another specific embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 7 .
本发明另一种实施例所公开的准直器，除了驱动方式的改变外，大部分结构与上述实施例相同。具体地，用转轴221和直驱电机222替代上述实施例中的支撑轴121、同步带122、减速器123和间接驱动电机124。The collimator disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention has most of the same structure as the above embodiment except for the change of the driving mode. Specifically, the supporting shaft 121 , the synchronous belt 122 , the speed reducer 123 and the indirect driving motor 124 in the above-mentioned embodiments are replaced by the rotating shaft 221 and the direct drive motor 222 .
在该具体实施例中，转轴221位于圆台形壳体11内，主要用于带动圆台形壳体11转动。具体地，转轴221的顶端与圆台形壳体11的顶部固连为一体，转轴221的另一端直接与直驱电机222相连，旋转编码器可以安装在转轴221上，也可以安装在直驱电机222上，当然，为了提升安全性，也采用冗余设计，转轴221和直驱电机222可同时安装上旋转编码器。控制装置直接通过控制直驱电机22的转速控制圆台形壳体11的转动与停止。In this specific embodiment, the rotating shaft 221 is located in the truncated-conical housing 11 and is mainly used to drive the truncated-conical housing 11 to rotate. Specifically, the top of the rotating shaft 221 is fixedly connected with the top of the frustum-shaped housing 11, and the other end of the rotating shaft 221 is directly connected to the direct drive motor 222. The rotary encoder can be installed on the rotating shaft 221 or on the direct drive motor. On 222, of course, in order to improve safety, a redundant design is also adopted, and rotary encoders can be installed on the rotating shaft 221 and the direct drive motor 222 at the same time. The control device directly controls the rotation and stop of the frustum-shaped housing 11 by controlling the rotation speed of the direct drive motor 22 .
在该具体实施例中，直驱电机222优选伺服电机，当然也可以其他类型的电机，并不影响实现本申请的目的。In this specific embodiment, the direct drive motor 222 is preferably a servo motor, and of course other types of motors are also possible, which does not affect the realization of the purpose of this application.
另外，由于直驱电机222的安装位置相对于上述具体实施例中间接驱动电机124的安装位置发生改变，故用于支撑直驱电机222的支撑架改为弯折支架5。在该具体实施例中，弯折支架5具体为敞开式方形框架，包括一段竖直段和两段分别与该竖直段两端相连的水平段，其中，位于竖直段上方的水平段与支座3相连，另一水平段通过销轴连接于直驱电机222的下方，以托起直驱电机222，起到支撑作用。In addition, since the installation position of the direct drive motor 222 is changed relative to the installation position of the indirect drive motor 124 in the above specific embodiment, the support frame used to support the direct drive motor 222 is changed to the bending support 5 . In this specific embodiment, the bent bracket 5 is specifically an open square frame, including a vertical section and two horizontal sections respectively connected to the two ends of the vertical section, wherein the horizontal section above the vertical section is connected to the vertical section. The supports 3 are connected, and the other horizontal section is connected to the bottom of the direct drive motor 222 through a pin shaft, so as to support the direct drive motor 222 and play a supporting role.
该具体实施例产生的有益效果与上述具体实施例产生的有益效果相同，在此不再赘述。The beneficial effects produced by this specific embodiment are the same as those produced by the above specific embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
另外，本申请所提供的放射治疗设备，包括辐射头，还包括安装于辐射头上的限束器。由于限束器的改进，使得放射治疗设备的操作变得更简便。In addition, the radiotherapy equipment provided in the present application includes a radiation head and a beam limiter installed on the radiation head. Radiation therapy equipment has become easier to operate thanks to improved beam limiters.
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations, any such actual relationship or order exists. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.
以上对本发明所提供的放射治疗设备及其限束器进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The radiotherapy equipment and its beam limiter provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. method and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. Invention Limitations.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810385759.4ACN110404181A (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Radiotherapy equipment and beam limiter thereof |
| PCT/CN2018/088638WO2019205220A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-05-28 | Radiotherapy apparatus and beam limiter therefor |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810385759.4ACN110404181A (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Radiotherapy equipment and beam limiter thereof |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110404181Atrue CN110404181A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810385759.4APendingCN110404181A (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Radiotherapy equipment and beam limiter thereof |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110404181A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019205220A1 (en) |
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| CN114452549A (en)* | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-10 | 江苏瑞尔医疗科技有限公司 | Collimation system capable of realizing automatic and quick switching |
| CN114452549B (en)* | 2022-01-17 | 2023-01-24 | 江苏瑞尔医疗科技有限公司 | Collimation system capable of realizing automatic and quick switching |
| EP4344737A4 (en)* | 2022-01-17 | 2024-11-27 | Jiangsu Rayer Medical Technology Co., Ltd. | COLLIMATOR AND MOTION CONTROL METHODS THEREFOR |
| CN115569308A (en)* | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-06 | 中山大学 | A radiation device and method for generating ultra-high dose rate X-rays |
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2019205220A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned | ||
| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned | Effective date of abandoning:20250221 |