A kind of devolatilization screw rod and devolatilization extruderTechnical field
The present invention relates to being used to one of polymer melt volatile ingredient research field device, more particularly to oneKind devolatilization screw rod, further relates to a kind of devolatilization extruder.
Background technique
It is one in plastic material industrial production common that polymer melt, which deviates from volatile ingredient to improve polymer quality,Process.In this process, additive needed for volatile component such as monomer, oligomer, polymerization and the polymer quality is damagedUndesirable by-product be removed.
Existing devolatilization technology:
1, devolatilization is heated at high temperature using baking oven, there are following several disadvantages:
1), material is granulated by twin-screw, need to be put into baking oven, and heating carries out devolatilization；
2), the devolatilization time is long, cumbersome；
3), material reheating easily causes material aging, performance decline.
2, using devolatilization is vacuumized in twin-screw granulation process, there are following several disadvantages:
1) material of twin-screw plasticizing cannot leave twin-screw, and material cannot abundant devolatilization in vacuum port；
2) regardless of company standard is all not achieved in multiple vacuum ports abjection VOCs and smell.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of devolatilization screw rod, by the way that the first opposite threaded portion of thread rotary orientation is arrangedWith the second threaded portion, material is squeezed, realizes orientation conveying.
A kind of devolatilization extruder is also provided, material is oriented by the material being delivered in devolatilizer by setting devolatilization screw rodChannel, it is interior under the action of material channel and reclaiming plate to realize continuous devolatilization.
The solution that the present invention solves its technical problem is: a kind of devolatilization screw rod, including shaft, and the shaft has willThe delivery section and at least one section of threaded elements that material conveys forward, the threaded elements include the first spiral shell for conveying material forwardLine portion and the second threaded portion being connect with the first threaded portion, the screw thread of first threaded portion and the thread rotary orientation of the second threaded portionOn the contrary.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, in the same threaded elements, the screw pitch edge of first threaded portionGradually become smaller close to the direction of the second threaded portion.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the shaft is spliced by a more point bars.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the quantity of threaded elements is two sections or more, two adjacent screw threadsIn unit, the second threaded portion of a upper threaded elements is equipped with the junction of the first threaded portion of next threaded elements and is used forThe shoulder of bearing shell is installed.
A kind of devolatilization extruder, including cylinder, at least one devolatilizer and at least one devolatilization screw rod above-mentioned, devolatilizationScrew rod passes through devolatilizer, and the first threaded portion of the same threaded elements and the junction of the second threaded portion are formed defeated in devolatilization screw rodArea is sent, there is material channel in the devolatilizer, the entrance of the material channel is connected to delivery area or the first threaded portion, materialThe outlet in channel is connected to the first threaded portion of delivery section or/and next threaded elements, and being equipped in the material channel can tear openThe reclaiming plate of dress, the reclaiming plate are equipped with multiple discharge holes close to the outlet of material channel, the reclaiming plate.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the outlet of material channel is divided into far from devolatilization spiral shell by the reclaiming plateThe second space in the first space of bar and close devolatilization screw rod, discharge hole are connected to the first space and second space, the discharge holeIn close to the first space internal diameter be greater than discharge hole in close to second space internal diameter.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the discharge hole is strip-shaped hole or circular hole.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, exhaust passage is equipped in the devolatilizer, the exhaust passage willSecond space is connected to the gas vent of cylinder.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the material channel includes feeding-passage and tapping channel, describedThe side wall of feeding-passage and/or tapping channel is equipped with the sealing plate that can be opened, and the side wall of the tapping channel, which is equipped with, to be used forThe mounting hole of reclaiming plate is installed.
It as a further improvement of the above technical scheme, further include the pressure sensor that material channel entrance is set.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the first threaded portion and the second screw thread that the present invention is opposite by setting thread rotary orientationPortion squeezes material, realizes orientation conveying.And by after the installation of devolatilizer, devolatilization screw rod and cylinder, devolatilization screw rod will be plasticizedMaterial orient the material channel that is delivered in devolatilizer, formed under the action of material channel and reclaiming plate continuous, uninterruptedThe shapes such as film, line, item after realize devolatilization, material continues through the rotation of devolatilization screw rod and squeezes out, then not will cause fracture phenomenon, realSuccessive production is showed, has guaranteed that production is normally carried out.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodimentAttached drawing is briefly described.Obviously, described attached drawing is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than is all implementedExample, those skilled in the art without creative efforts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other designsScheme and attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of devolatilization screw rod in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of devolatilization extruder in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view that circle institute's frame selects part in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the top view of reclaiming plate in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the side view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the top view of reclaiming plate in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 6.
Specific embodiment
This part will be described in specific embodiments of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, attachedThe effect of figure be with figure remark additionally book word segment description, enable a person to intuitively, visually understand of the inventionEach technical characteristic and overall technical architecture, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, be related to orientation description, for example, above and below, front, rear, left and right etc.The orientation or positional relationship of instruction is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and letterChange description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, with specific orientation construct andOperation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, several to be meant that one or more, it is multiple to be meant that two or more, be greater than,Be less than, more than etc. be interpreted as not including this number, it is above, following, within etc. be interpreted as including this number.If there is being described to first,Second is only intended to for the purpose of distinguishing technical characteristic, is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicates instituteThe quantity of the technical characteristic of instruction or the precedence relationship for implicitly indicating indicated technical characteristic.
In description of the invention, unless otherwise restricted clearly, the words such as setting, installation, connection be shall be understood in a broad sense, instituteAbove-mentioned word in the present invention specific can rationally be determined with the particular content of combination technology scheme by belonging to technical field technical staffMeaning.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of devolatilization screw rod, including shaft, the shaft have 13 He of delivery section for conveying material forwardAt least one section of threaded elements, the threaded elements include the first threaded portion 11 for conveying material forward and with the first threaded portion 11The thread rotary orientation of second threaded portion 12 of connection, the screw thread of first threaded portion 11 and the second threaded portion 12 is opposite.By devolatilizationAfter screw rod is installed on extruder, delivery section 13 send the material of plasticizing to the first threaded portion 11, material and along the first screw threadPortion 11 is sent to the junction of the first threaded portion 11 and the second threaded portion 12, and material receives thrust P1 and propulsive thrust P2 here, pushes awayPower P1 is the power that the rotation of the first threaded portion 11 is applied to material, and thrust P2 is that the rotation of the second threaded portion 12 is applied to material to materialPower, P1 and P2's is contrary, then material is by the material channel 28 entered in devolatilizer 20 after thrust P1 and propulsive thrust P2In.
Delivery section 13 can send material to the first threaded portion 11, and delivery section 13 can also receive the object come out from devolatilizer 20Material, and material is conveyed forward.
In the same threaded elements, the screw pitch of first threaded portion 11 along the direction close to the second threaded portion 12 graduallyBecome smaller.The screw pitch of first threaded portion 11 gradually becomes smaller, and 11 pressing materials of the first threaded portion squeeze, and the screw pitch of the second threaded portion 12It is identical as the screw pitch at 11 beginning of the first threaded portion, so that | P1 | > | P2 |.| P1 | refer to the absolute value of thrust P1.| P2 | refer toIt is the absolute value of thrust P2.
The quantity of the threaded elements is two sections or more, in two adjacent threaded elements, the of a upper threaded elementsTwo threaded portions 12 are connect with the first threaded portion 11 of next threaded elements.Multiple threaded elements are set, in order in extruderThe upper multiple devolatilizers 20 of setting.Delivery section 13 send material to the first threaded portion 11 of a threaded elements, via the first screw threadThe material channel 28 and reclaiming plate for entering devolatilizer 20 behind portion 11, realize devolatilization, fall into the first screw thread of next threaded elementsPortion 11 enters back into the material channel 28 and reclaiming plate of next devolatilizer 20, realizes multiple devolatilization.
The quantity of threaded elements is two sections or more, in two adjacent threaded elements, the second spiral shell of a upper threaded elementsThe junction of line portion 12 and the first threaded portion 11 of next threaded elements is equipped with the shoulder for installing bearing shell 14.Shaft is correspondingPosition also is provided with the shoulder for installing bearing shell 14.Bearing shell 14 is mounted on shoulder, and devolatilization screw rod is installed in cylinder, in order toDevolatilization screw rod smooth rotation.
For the devolatilization screw rod that size can be realized in machining, which is monolithic construction.It is too long for sizeDevolatilization screw rod, can be realized by way of splicing assembling, the shaft is spliced by a more point bars.
A kind of devolatilization extruder, including cylinder 15, at least one devolatilizer 20 and at least one devolatilization screw rod above-mentioned,Devolatilization screw rod passes through devolatilizer 20, the first threaded portion 11 of the same threaded elements and the company of the second threaded portion 12 in devolatilization screw rodThe place of connecing forms delivery area, has material channel 28 in the devolatilizer 20, the entrance of material channel 28 can directly with the first spiral shellLine portion 11 is connected to, alternatively, delivery area of the entrance of material channel 28 against 12 junction of the first threaded portion 11 and the second threaded portion,The outlet of material channel 28 is connected to the first threaded portion 11 of delivery section 13 or/and next threaded elements, the material channelThe reclaiming plate 21 that can be removably mounted is equipped in 28, the reclaiming plate 21 is equipped with more close to the outlet of material channel 28, the reclaiming plate 21A discharge hole 26.Thread rotary orientation opposite the first threaded portion 11 and the second threaded portion 12 are set, material can be prevented via secondThreaded portion 12 enters the first threaded portion 11 of delivery section 13 or next threaded elements.Cylinder 15 is equipped with multiple gas vents 25.
As with the embodiments shown in figures 2 and 3, the quantity of devolatilization screw rod is two.Under vacuum condition, two devolatilization screw rodsThe material of plasticizing can two devolatilization screw rods away from keyboard, into devolatilizer devolatilization after enter two devolatilization screw rods again.Delivery section 13The material of plasticizing is sent to the first threaded portion 11, material and is sent along the first threaded portion 11 to the first threaded portion 11 and the second screw threadThe junction in portion 12, material receive thrust P1 and propulsive thrust P2 here, and thrust P1 is that the rotation of the first threaded portion 11 is applied to objectThe power of material, thrust P2 are that the rotation of the second threaded portion 12 is applied to the power of material to material, and P1 and P2's is contrary, then material byEnter in the material channel 28 in devolatilizer 20 after to thrust P1 and propulsive thrust P2, material is squeezed along the discharge hole 26 of reclaiming plate 21Out.Extrudate has bigger surface area compared with through the material before reclaiming plate 21.The bigger surface area of variation allowsVOCs is overflowed along the gas vent 25 of material channel 28, devolatilization screw rod and cylinder 15.Material passes through devolatilization, and VOCs and smell are taken outOut, reach the national standard of formulation.Meanwhile the present invention solves the technology that secondary devolatilization is carried out by baking oven, savesManually, the expenses such as the electricity charge, equipment loss consumption.VOCs is volatile organic matter.In figure 2 and figure 3, between two devolatilization screw rodsArrow in arrow and devolatilizer 20 is the direction that material squeezes out.
As with the embodiments shown in figures 2 and 3, the quantity of devolatilizer 20 is two.Material be introduced into a devolatilizer 20 intoAfter row devolatilization, the material of extrusion enters the first threaded portion 11, enters back into the material channel 28 of next devolatilizer 20, by going outAfter flitch 21, second of devolatilization is carried out, material falls into delivery section, is moved along under the action of delivery section.
The outlet of material channel 28 is divided into the first space 22 and close devolatilization far from devolatilization screw rod by the reclaiming plate 21The second space 23 of screw rod, discharge hole 26 are connected to the first space 22 and second space 23, and close first is empty in the discharge hole 26Between 22 internal diameter be greater than discharge hole in close to second space 23 internal diameter.Internal diameter can be diameter of a circle, and internal diameter may be phasePair the distance between two sides.After material enters reclaiming plate 21 along the first space 22, go out by what internal diameter gradually deformedMaterial hole 26 forms rear realization devolatilization, the materials such as continuous continuous, continual film, line, item and enters second space 23.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the discharge hole 26 are circular hole.Discharge hole 26 is distributed in matrix, discharge hole 26Top connected with the lower part of discharge hole 26 by bellmouth it is in a strip shape or linear so that material is after discharge hole 26.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the discharge hole 26 are strip-shaped hole.Discharge hole 26 is arranged in parallel in reclaiming plateOn 21.After the internal diameter of the lower part on the top and discharge hole 26 of discharge hole 26 gradually becomes smaller, so that material is in after discharge hole 26It is membranaceous.
It is equipped with exhaust passage 24 in the devolatilizer 20, the exhaust passage 24 is by the exhaust of second space 23 and cylinder 15Hole 25 is connected to.After VOCs is detached from from the material of extrusion, part VOCs enters the exhaust of cylinder 15 via 23 diameter of second spaceHole 25 is discharged, and remaining VOCs is discharged via the gas vent 25 for entering cylinder 15 after the first threaded portion 11 or delivery section 13.
It further include the pressure sensor that 28 entrance of material channel is set.Pressure sensor is attached for 28 entrance of material channelThe pressure that nearly material is subject to.Resistance P3 of the material by reclaiming plate 21 is set, as long as then | P1 | > | P2 | > | P3 | when, material energyIt is normal to squeeze out.| P3 | for the absolute value of the resistance P3 of reclaiming plate 21.When pressure sensor detects | P3 |=| P2 | when, illustratedDevolatilizer 20 has adsorbed a large amount of impurity, increases the resistance of material, and effect is deteriorated, then needs to carry out cleaning reclaiming plate in time21, prevent second threaded portion 12 of the material in devolatilizer 20 from escaping to the first screw thread of output section or next threaded elementsPortion 11.
The material channel 28 includes feeding-passage 27 and tapping channel, the feeding-passage 27 and/or tapping channelSide wall is equipped with the sealing plate that can be opened, and the side wall of the tapping channel is equipped with the mounting hole for installing reclaiming plate 21.It beatsSealing plate is opened, material channel 28 is cleared up convenient for staff and increases the material of plasticizing so that material is able to achieve continuous extrusionSurface area, the VOCs and smell be conducive in material preferably, are fully released.
It is to be illustrated to better embodiment of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the reality aboveExample is applied, those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent modifications on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention or replaceIt changes, these equivalent variation or replacement are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.