CN110393581B - A kind of external fixation bracket for mandibular fracture and its fixation method - Google Patents
A kind of external fixation bracket for mandibular fracture and its fixation methodDownload PDFInfo
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- CN110393581B CN110393581BCN201910616671.3ACN201910616671ACN110393581BCN 110393581 BCN110393581 BCN 110393581BCN 201910616671 ACN201910616671 ACN 201910616671ACN 110393581 BCN110393581 BCN 110393581B
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- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/6433—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned specially adapted for use on body parts other than limbs, e.g. trunk or head
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
- A61B17/6441—Bilateral fixators, i.e. with both ends of pins or wires clamped
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/66—Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种下颌骨骨折外固定支架及其固定方法。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures and a fixing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
目前，据统计口腔颌面部创伤约占全身创伤的10％～20％，因交通事故或其他事故造成的人体骨骼的创伤普遍存在，其中人体颌面骨骨折的患者呈上升趋势，临床颌骨骨折的治疗通常采用切开复位内固定术，主要表现在先将骨骼外软组织切开然后采用骨钉或钢板、钢丝及其他装置在组织内进行骨内固定来治疗颌面骨骨折，该手术方式可能出现以下并发症：创伤面感染、颌骨内异物存留、人体对异物的排斥反应、尤其是针对儿童实施内固定术则会影响以后儿童颌骨的发育等。At present, according to statistics, oral and maxillofacial trauma accounts for about 10% to 20% of the total body trauma. The trauma of human bones caused by traffic accidents or other accidents is common, and the number of patients with maxillofacial bone fractures is on the rise. Fractures are usually treated with open reduction and internal fixation, which is mainly manifested in the first incision of the extra-skeletal soft tissue and then intra-osseous fixation in the tissue with bone nails or plates, wires and other devices to treat maxillofacial fractures. The following complications may occur: traumatic face infection, retention of foreign bodies in the jaws, rejection of foreign bodies by the human body, and internal fixation, especially for children, will affect the development of children's jaws in the future.
但是临床上内固定术应用比较广泛，这不但对患者产生负面的心理作用，而且有时在骨折情况康复后需要再次对患者进行创伤来取出内固定物，这在一定程度上给患者造成了二次创伤，无论对医护人员还是患者本身都带来了难以克服的困难；However, clinical internal fixation is widely used, which not only has a negative psychological effect on the patient, but also sometimes requires trauma to the patient to remove the internal fixation after the fracture has recovered, which causes secondary damage to the patient to a certain extent. Trauma brings insurmountable difficulties to both the medical staff and the patients themselves;
现有技术中的外固定器，虽然也能对下颌骨进行螺栓加固，但是并没有对人体下颌骨的下端进行支撑，导致病患损伤处的复原效果较差。Although the external fixator in the prior art can also reinforce the mandible with bolts, it does not support the lower end of the mandible of the human body, resulting in a poor recovery effect of the injured part of the patient.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷和不足，提供一种结构简单、固定稳定性好以及复原效果好的下颌骨骨折外固定支架及其固定方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mandibular fracture external fixation bracket and its fixation method with simple structure, good fixation stability and good recovery effect, aiming at the defects and deficiencies of the prior art.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：本发明提供一种下颌骨骨折外固定支架，包括外固定杆组件、调节支撑组件和锁紧组件，所述外固定杆组件包括第一外固定杆和第二外固定杆，所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆上均设置有贯通槽，所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆的下端均设置有贯通孔，且所述贯通槽与所述贯通孔不连通，所述调节支撑组件包括调节螺杆、设置在所述调节螺杆上的支撑组件、第一调节螺母、第二调节螺母和第一压紧螺母，所述调节螺杆的杆体一端设置有环形凸起，所述环形凸起的直径大于所述贯通孔的直径，所述贯通孔的直径不小于所述杆体的直径，所述支撑组件包括依次相连接的前端、第一支撑杆、支撑片、第二支撑杆和后端，所述前端和所述后端上均开有供所述杆体穿过的内孔，所述内孔的直径不小于所述杆体的直径，所述第一支撑杆的两端分别与所述前端和所述支撑片相铰接，所述第二支撑杆的两端分别与所述后端和所述支撑片相铰接，所述杆体依次穿过所述第一外固定杆、所述第一调节螺母、所述前端、所述后端、所述第二调节螺母、所述第二外固定杆和所述第一压紧螺母；所述锁紧组件包括锁紧螺钉、设置在所述锁紧螺钉上且位于所述贯通槽两侧的上锁紧螺母和下锁紧螺母，所述贯通槽上与所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母相接触的棱边上设置有槽边倒角，并形成槽边倒角倾斜面，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母与所述贯通槽相接触的一端均设置有螺母倒角，并形成螺母倒角倾斜面，所述螺母倒角倾斜面能够与两侧所述槽边倒角倾斜面相接触，所述锁紧螺钉包括依次连接的第一外螺纹段、第二外螺纹段和尖端，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母间隔设置在所述第一外螺纹段上。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the present invention provides an external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures, including an external fixation rod assembly, an adjustment support assembly and a locking assembly, and the external fixation rod assembly includes a first external fixation rod and a second outer fixing rod, the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod are both provided with through grooves, and the lower ends of the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod are both provided with through holes and the through-groove is not communicated with the through-hole, the adjustment support assembly includes an adjustment screw, a support assembly arranged on the adjustment screw, a first adjustment nut, a second adjustment nut and a first compression nut One end of the rod body of the adjusting screw is provided with an annular protrusion, the diameter of the annular protrusion is larger than the diameter of the through hole, the diameter of the through hole is not smaller than the diameter of the rod body, and the support assembly includes a sequence of The front end of the connection, the first support rod, the support piece, the second support rod and the rear end, the front end and the rear end are both provided with inner holes for the rod body to pass through, and the diameter of the inner hole is not less than The diameter of the rod body, the two ends of the first support rod are hinged with the front end and the support sheet respectively, the two ends of the second support rod are hinged with the rear end and the support sheet respectively , the rod body sequentially passes through the first outer fixing rod, the first adjusting nut, the front end, the rear end, the second adjusting nut, the second outer fixing rod and the first a compression nut; the locking assembly includes a locking screw, an upper locking nut and a lower locking nut arranged on the locking screw and located on both sides of the through groove, the upper through groove and the upper The edge where the locking nut and the lower locking nut are in contact is provided with a groove edge chamfer, and a groove edge chamfering inclined surface is formed, and the upper locking nut and the lower locking nut are connected with the through groove Both ends in contact are provided with nut chamfering, and form a nut chamfering inclined surface, the nut chamfering inclined surface can be in contact with the groove edge chamfering inclined surfaces on both sides, and the locking screw includes a second connecting surface. An external thread segment, a second external thread segment and a tip, the upper locking nut and the lower locking nut are arranged on the first external thread segment at intervals.
优选的，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母的两端均设置有所述螺母倒角；或者所述上锁紧螺母的两端均设置有所述螺母倒角，所述下锁紧螺母的另一端不设置所述螺母倒角；或者所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母的另一端均不设置所述螺母倒角。Preferably, both ends of the upper locking nut and the lower locking nut are provided with the nut chamfer; or both ends of the upper locking nut are provided with the nut chamfer, the lower The other end of the lock nut is not provided with the nut chamfer; or the other ends of the upper lock nut and the lower lock nut are not provided with the nut chamfer.
优选的，所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆上、下面的所述槽边倒角均为第一倒角，并均形成第一槽边倒角倾斜面，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母的一端上设置的所述螺母倒角均为第三倒角，并均形成第一螺母倒角倾斜面，所述第一螺母倒角倾斜面均能够与两侧所述第一槽边倒角倾斜面相接触；或者所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆上、下面的所述槽边倒角分别为第一倒角和第二倒角，并分别形成第一槽边倒角倾斜面和第二槽边倒角倾斜面，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母的一端上设置的所述螺母倒角分别为第四倒角和第五倒角，并分别形成第一螺母倒角倾斜面和第二螺母倒角倾斜面，所述第一螺母倒角倾斜面能够与两侧所述第一槽边倒角倾斜面相接触，所述第二螺母倒角倾斜面能够与两侧所述第二槽边倒角倾斜面相接触。Preferably, the groove edge chamfers on the upper and lower sides of the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod are first chamfers, and both form a first groove edge chamfering inclined surface, and the upper The nut chamfers provided on one end of the lock nut and the lower lock nut are both third chamfers, and both form a first nut chamfer inclined surface, and the first nut chamfer inclined surface can be The first groove edge chamfering inclined surfaces on both sides are in contact; or the groove edge chamfering on the upper and lower sides of the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod are the first chamfering and the second chamfering respectively. angle, and respectively form a first groove edge chamfered inclined surface and a second groove edge chamfered inclined surface, and the nut chamfers provided on one end of the upper locking nut and the lower locking nut are respectively the fourth chamfering and fifth chamfering, and respectively form a first nut chamfering inclined surface and a second nut chamfering inclined surface, the first nut chamfering inclined surface can be opposite to the first groove edge chamfering inclined surface on both sides In contact, the second nut chamfered inclined surfaces can be in contact with the second groove edge chamfered inclined surfaces on both sides.
优选的，所述下锁紧螺母与所述第一外螺纹段固定连接或螺纹连接，其中，当所述下锁紧螺母与所述第一外螺纹段固定连接时，所述下锁紧螺母与所述第一外螺纹段相焊接或一体成型。Preferably, the lower locking nut is fixedly connected or threadedly connected with the first external thread segment, wherein when the lower locking nut is fixedly connected with the first external thread segment, the lower locking nut is It is welded or integrally formed with the first external thread segment.
优选的，所述第一调节螺母与所述第一外固定杆之间设置有第二压紧螺母，所述第二压紧螺母将所述第一外固定杆压紧固定在所述环形凸起上；和/或所述第二调节螺母与所述第二外固定杆之间设置有第二压紧螺母，所述第一压紧螺母与所述第二压紧螺母将所述第二外固定杆压紧固定。Preferably, a second pressing nut is arranged between the first adjusting nut and the first outer fixing rod, and the second pressing nut presses and fixes the first outer fixing rod on the annular convex and/or a second compression nut is arranged between the second adjustment nut and the second outer fixing rod, and the first compression nut and the second compression nut The outer fixing rod is pressed and fixed.
优选的，所述支撑片为外凸圆弧结构。Preferably, the support sheet is of a convex arc structure.
优选的，所述第一支撑杆成对设置在所述前端和所述支撑片之间，且两所述第一支撑杆对称布置；和/或所述第二支撑杆成对设置在所述后端和所述支撑片之间，且两所述第二支撑杆对称布置。Preferably, the first support rods are arranged in pairs between the front end and the support sheet, and the two first support rods are arranged symmetrically; and/or the second support rods are arranged in pairs on the Between the rear end and the support piece, the two second support rods are symmetrically arranged.
优选的，所述调节螺杆的杆体另一端上套设有保护罩。Preferably, a protective cover is sleeved on the other end of the rod body of the adjusting screw.
本发明还提供一种下颌骨骨折外固定方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for external fixation of mandibular fractures, comprising the following steps:
医护人员将成对锁紧螺钉的第二外螺纹段分别固定在病人下颌骨的非骨折段内，其中，所述锁紧螺钉的固定方向为横向固定，当横向固定时，将所述第二外螺纹段设置在下颌骨的非骨折段内，所述第二外螺纹段的深入下颌骨内的长度为对侧骨质，完成所述锁紧螺钉固定工作；The medical staff respectively fixes the second external thread segments of the paired locking screws in the non-fractured segments of the patient's mandible, wherein the fixing direction of the locking screws is lateral fixation, and when laterally fixed, the second external thread segments are fixed in the lateral direction. The thread segment is arranged in the non-fracture segment of the mandible, and the length of the second external thread segment deep into the mandible is the bone of the opposite side, and the fixing work of the locking screw is completed;
随后医护人员将成对设置的所述锁紧螺钉均通过上锁紧螺母和下锁紧螺母固定在所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆上，其中，所述上锁紧螺母和所述下锁紧螺母上的螺母倒角倾斜面均能够与所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆上贯通槽两侧的槽边倒角倾斜面相接触，完成所述锁紧螺钉连接工作；Subsequently, the medical staff fixes the paired locking screws on the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod through the upper locking nut and the lower locking nut, wherein the upper locking nut Both the nut chamfered inclined surface and the nut chamfered inclined surface on the lower locking nut can be in contact with the groove edge chamfered inclined surface on both sides of the through groove on the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod to complete the lock. Tighten screw connection work;
其次，医护人员将调节支撑组件中的调节螺杆与所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆的下端相连接，随后医护人员通过调节设置在所述调节螺杆上的第一调节螺母和第二调节螺母，推动前端和后端进行移动，由于所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆的两端均为铰接，所以随着所述前端和所述后端的移动，所述第一支撑杆和所述第二支撑杆将会发生转动，并将支撑片向上撑起，与人体下颌骨的下部相接触，完成所述调节支撑组件对下颌骨的支撑工作；Next, the medical staff connects the adjusting screw in the adjusting support assembly with the lower ends of the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod, and then the medical staff adjusts the first adjusting nut provided on the adjusting screw and the second adjusting nut, push the front end and the rear end to move, because both ends of the first support rod and the second support rod are hinged, so with the movement of the front end and the rear end, the The first support rod and the second support rod will rotate, and the support piece will be propped up and contacted with the lower part of the mandible of the human body to complete the support of the mandible by the adjustment support assembly;
最后，医护人员通过第一压紧螺母和/或第二压紧螺母将第二外固定杆的下端固定在所述调节螺杆上，并拧紧所述第一压紧螺母和/或所述第二压紧螺母，完成所述第一外固定杆和所述第二外固定杆的固定工作。Finally, the medical staff fixes the lower end of the second outer fixing rod on the adjusting screw through the first pressing nut and/or the second pressing nut, and tightens the first pressing nut and/or the second pressing nut Press the nut to complete the fixing work of the first outer fixing rod and the second outer fixing rod.
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下有益效果：The present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects with respect to the prior art:
1、本发明提供的下颌骨骨折外固定支架及其固定方法中采用在第一外固定杆、第二外固定杆上开设有容纳锁紧螺钉的贯通槽，且贯通槽的槽边和上、下锁紧螺母上均设置有相配合倒角倾斜面的方式，不仅使得外固定杆和锁紧螺钉可分离，便于手术进行，还使得上、下锁紧螺母与外固定杆的接触面增大，实现了第一外固定杆、第二外固定杆上和锁紧螺钉牢固固定的技术目的。1. In the external fixation bracket for mandibular fracture provided by the present invention and its fixation method, the first external fixation rod and the second external fixation rod are provided with through grooves for accommodating locking screws, and the groove edges of the through grooves and the upper, The lower locking nut is equipped with a matching chamfered inclined surface, which not only makes the outer fixing rod and the locking screw separable, which is convenient for the operation, but also increases the contact surface between the upper and lower locking nuts and the outer fixing rod. , to achieve the technical purpose that the first outer fixing rod, the second outer fixing rod and the locking screws are firmly fixed.
2、本发明提供的下颌骨骨折外固定支架及其固定方法中采用在固定支架上设置有调节支撑组件的方式，使得在手术之后（尤其是刚刚做完手术的一段时间内）下颌骨不仅受到第一外固定杆和第二外固定杆的相向拉紧力，还受到支撑片的向上支撑力，使得损伤处能够更加的贴合，提高了术后复原效果。2. The external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures provided by the present invention and the fixation method thereof adopt the method of setting an adjustment support component on the fixed bracket, so that after the operation (especially within a period of time just after the operation) the mandible is not only affected The opposite tensioning force of the first external fixation rod and the second external fixation rod is also subjected to the upward supporting force of the support sheet, so that the damaged part can be more fitted, and the postoperative recovery effect is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本发明下颌骨骨折外固定支架的整体结构示意图（一）；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures according to the present invention (1);
图2为本发明下颌骨骨折外固定支架的整体结构示意图（二）；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (2) of the overall structure of the external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures of the present invention;
其中，1-第一外固定杆、2-第二外固定杆、3-贯通槽、4-锁紧螺钉、5-上锁紧螺母、6-下锁紧螺母、7-槽边倒角倾斜面、8-第一外螺纹段、9-螺母倒角倾斜面、10-第二外螺纹段、11-尖端、12-调节螺杆、13-第一调节螺母、14-第二调节螺母、15-第一压紧螺母、16-环形凸起、17-前端、18-第一支撑杆、19-支撑片、20-第二支撑杆、21-后端、22-第二压紧螺母、23-保护罩。Among them, 1-first outer fixing rod, 2-second outer fixing rod, 3-through groove, 4-locking screw, 5-upper locking nut, 6-lower locking nut, 7-slot edge chamfering face, 8-first external thread segment, 9-nut chamfered inclined surface, 10-second external thread segment, 11-tip, 12-adjusting screw, 13-first adjusting nut, 14-second adjusting nut, 15 -First compression nut, 16-Annular protrusion, 17-Front end, 18-First support rod, 19-Support piece, 20-Second support rod, 21-Rear end, 22-Second compression nut, 23 -Protective cover.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷和不足，提供一种结构简单、固定稳定性好以及复原效果好的下颌骨骨折外固定支架及其固定方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mandibular fracture external fixation bracket and its fixation method with simple structure, good fixation stability and good recovery effect, aiming at the defects and deficiencies of the prior art.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1-2所示，本发明提供一种下颌骨骨折外固定支架，包括外固定杆组件、调节支撑组件和锁紧组件，外固定杆组件包括第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2，第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2上均设置有贯通槽3，第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2的下端均设置有贯通孔，且贯通槽3与贯通孔不连通，调节支撑组件包括调节螺杆12、设置在调节螺杆12上的支撑组件、第一调节螺母13、第二调节螺母14和第一压紧螺母15，调节螺杆12的杆体一端设置有环形凸起16，环形凸起16的直径大于贯通孔的直径，贯通孔的直径不小于杆体的直径，支撑组件包括依次相连接的前端17、第一支撑杆18、支撑片19、第二支撑杆20和后端21，前端17和后端21上均开有供杆体穿过的内孔，内孔的直径不小于杆体的直径，第一支撑杆18的两端分别与前端17和支撑片19相铰接，第二支撑杆20的两端分别与后端21和支撑片19相铰接，杆体依次穿过第一外固定杆1、第一调节螺母13、前端17、后端21、第二调节螺母14、第二外固定杆2和第一压紧螺母15；锁紧组件包括锁紧螺钉4、设置在锁紧螺钉4上且位于贯通槽3两侧的上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6，贯通槽3上与上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6相接触的棱边上设置有槽边倒角，并形成槽边倒角倾斜面7，上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6与贯通槽3相接触的一端均设置有螺母倒角，并形成螺母倒角倾斜面9，螺母倒角倾斜面9能够与两侧槽边倒角倾斜面7相接触，锁紧螺钉4包括依次连接的第一外螺纹段8、第二外螺纹段10和尖端11，上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6间隔设置在第一外螺纹段8上。As shown in Figures 1-2, the present invention provides an external fixation bracket for mandibular fractures, including an external fixation rod assembly, an adjustment support assembly and a locking assembly. The external fixation rod assembly includes a first
其中，螺母倒角倾斜面9与槽边倒角倾斜面7的倾斜角度相同或相似，使得两倾斜面能够相贴合，以增强上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6与第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2的连接稳固性；倒角角度可以根据具体情况确定，若45°、60°等；固定器中各外侧边均设置有倒圆角，避免人体损伤；且采用在第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2上开设有容纳锁紧螺钉4的贯通槽3，且贯通槽3的槽边和上、下锁紧螺母6上均设置有相配合倒角倾斜面的方式，不仅使得第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2和锁紧螺钉4可分离，便于手术进行，还使得上、下锁紧螺母6与第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2的接触面增大，实现了第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2和锁紧螺钉4牢固固定的技术目的；调节螺杆12的杆体上设置有外螺纹，杆体的直径包括主体的长度加上螺纹的长度；采用在固定支架上设置有调节支撑组件的方式，使得在手术之后（尤其是刚刚做完手术的一段时间内）下颌骨不仅受到第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2的相向拉紧力，还受到支撑片19的向上支撑力，使得损伤处能够更加的贴合，提高了治疗效果。Wherein, the inclination angle of the nut chamfered
为了便于使用，本发明中上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6的两端均设置有螺母倒角；或者为了降低制造成本，上锁紧螺母5的两端均设置有螺母倒角，下锁紧螺母6的另一端不设置螺母倒角；或者上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6的另一端均不设置螺母倒角。For ease of use, in the present invention, both ends of the
为了丰富螺母的种类，不局限与一种结构形式，本发明中第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2上、下面的槽边倒角均为第一倒角，并均形成第一槽边倒角倾斜面7，上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6的一端上设置的螺母倒角均为第三倒角，并均形成第一螺母倒角倾斜面9，第一螺母倒角倾斜面9均能够与两侧第一槽边倒角倾斜面7相接触；或者第一外固定杆1、第二外固定杆2上、下面的槽边倒角分别为第一倒角和第二倒角，并分别形成第一槽边倒角倾斜面7和第二槽边倒角倾斜面7，上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6的一端上设置的螺母倒角分别为第四倒角和第五倒角，并分别形成第一螺母倒角倾斜面9和第二螺母倒角倾斜面9，第一螺母倒角倾斜面9能够与两侧第一槽边倒角倾斜面7相接触，第二螺母倒角倾斜面9能够与两侧第二槽边倒角倾斜面7相接触。In order to enrich the types of nuts, it is not limited to one structural form. In the present invention, the groove edge chamfers on the upper and lower sides of the first
为了丰富下锁紧螺母6的固定形式，本发明中下锁紧螺母6与第一外螺纹段8固定连接或螺纹连接，其中，当下锁紧螺母6与第一外螺纹段8固定连接时，下锁紧螺母6与第一外螺纹段8相焊接或一体成型。In order to enrich the fixing form of the lower locking nut 6, in the present invention, the lower locking nut 6 is fixedly connected or threadedly connected with the first
为了便于第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2的固定，本发明中第一调节螺母13与第一外固定杆1之间设置有第二压紧螺母22，第二压紧螺母22将第一外固定杆1压紧固定在环形凸起16上；和/或第二调节螺母14与第二外固定杆2之间设置有第二压紧螺母22，第一压紧螺母15与第二压紧螺母22将第二外固定杆2压紧固定，即通过增设第二压紧螺母22的方式，维持第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2在调节螺杆12杆体上的位置不变；更进一步的，在贯通孔和第一压紧螺母15、第二压紧螺母22上设置有如锁紧螺钉4组件中螺母倒角倾斜面9与槽边倒角倾斜面7的配合连接结构，进·一步提高压紧固定效果。In order to facilitate the fixing of the first outer fixing
为便于支撑片19与人体下颌下端相贴合，提高支撑有效性，本发明中支撑片19为外凸圆弧结构；进一步的，为了提高支撑片19与人体下颌下端接触舒适性，在支撑片19的外表面设置有软垫。In order to facilitate the
为了提高支撑稳定性，本发明中第一支撑杆18成对设置在前端17和支撑片19之间，且两第一支撑杆18对称布置；和/或第二支撑杆20成对设置在后端21和支撑片19之间，且两第二支撑杆20对称布置。In order to improve the support stability, in the present invention, the
本发明中调节螺杆12的杆体另一端上套设有保护罩23。In the present invention, a
本发明中还提供一种下颌骨骨折外固定方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for external fixation of mandibular fractures, comprising the following steps:
医护人员将成对锁紧螺钉4的第二外螺纹段10分别固定在病人下颌骨的非骨折段内，其中，锁紧螺钉4的固定方向为横向固定，当横向固定时，将第二外螺纹段10设置在下颌骨的非骨折段内，第二外螺纹段10的深入下颌骨内的长度为对侧骨质，完成锁紧螺钉4固定工作；The medical staff fixes the second
随后医护人员将成对设置的锁紧螺钉4均通过上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6固定在第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2上，其中，上锁紧螺母5和下锁紧螺母6上的螺母倒角倾斜面9均能够与第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2上贯通槽3两侧的槽边倒角倾斜面7相接触，完成锁紧螺钉4连接工作；Subsequently, the medical staff fixes the paired locking screws 4 on the first outer fixing
其次，医护人员将调节支撑组件中的调节螺杆12与第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2的下端相连接，随后医护人员通过调节设置在调节螺杆12上的第一调节螺母13和第二调节螺母14，推动前端17和后端21进行移动，由于第一支撑杆18和第二支撑杆20的两端均为铰接，所以随着前端17和后端21的移动，第一支撑杆18和第二支撑杆20将会发生转动，并将支撑片19向上撑起，与人体下颌骨的下部相接触，完成调节支撑组件对下颌骨的支撑工作；Next, the medical staff connects the adjusting
最后，医护人员通过第一压紧螺母15和/或第二压紧螺母22将第二外固定杆2的下端固定在调节螺杆12上，并拧紧第一压紧螺母15和/或第二压紧螺母22，完成第一外固定杆1和第二外固定杆2的固定工作。Finally, the medical staff fixes the lower end of the second outer fixing
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; The idea of the invention will have changes in the specific implementation manner and application range. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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