技术领域technical field
本发明涉及单间室膝关节置换技术领域，具体提供一种用于单间室膝关节置换术的截骨引导装置。The invention relates to the technical field of unicompartmental knee replacement, and specifically provides an osteotomy guide device for unicompartmental knee replacement.
背景技术Background technique
单间室膝关节置换术是治疗单间室膝关节疾病的有效手段。手术过程中，需要先将患侧胫骨平台的病变骨组织切除。通常，借助截骨导向器来估测截骨厚度。导向器包括可伸缩的竖杆，竖杆的下端固定在脚踝处，竖杆的上端设置有截骨平台，通过调整伸缩杆的伸缩长度来调整截骨厚度。Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is an effective method for the treatment of unicompartmental knee diseases. During the operation, the diseased bone tissue of the tibial plateau on the affected side needs to be resected first. Typically, osteotomy thickness is estimated with the aid of an osteotomy guide. The guide includes a telescopic vertical rod, the lower end of the vertical rod is fixed at the ankle, the upper end of the vertical rod is provided with an osteotomy platform, and the thickness of the osteotomy is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the telescopic rod.
不过，一些病人存在胫骨內翻的情况，并且不同病人的胫骨內翻程度也不相同。对于胫骨没有內翻或者內翻程度较小情况，对患侧胫骨平台进行截骨时需要使患侧胫骨平台的截骨平面与另一侧胫骨平台平行，而对于胫骨內翻程度比较严重的情况，患侧胫骨平台的截骨平面需要与另一侧胫骨平台具有3～5°的夹角，而上述的截骨导向器不能满足上述需求。However, some patients have tibial varus, and the degree of tibial varus varies from patient to patient. When the tibia has no varus or the degree of varus is small, the osteotomy plane of the tibial plateau on the affected side needs to be parallel to the tibial plateau on the other side when performing osteotomy. , the osteotomy plane of the tibial plateau on the affected side needs to have an included angle of 3-5° with the tibial plateau on the other side, and the above-mentioned osteotomy guide cannot meet the above requirements.
相应地，本领域需要一种新的截骨引导装置来解决上述问题。Correspondingly, a new osteotomy guiding device is needed in the art to solve the above-mentioned problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即现有截骨导向器不能实现不同截骨角度以满足不同的截骨需求的问题，本发明提供了一种用于单间室膝关节置换术的截骨引导装置，所述截骨引导装置包括枢转连接的定位部和引导部，所述定位部能够与一侧胫骨平台配合以便枢转轴线与所述一侧胫骨平台平行或者共面，所述引导部上设置有沿所述枢转轴线方向延伸的截骨槽，所述定位部和所述引导部上设置有用于将所述定位部和所述引导部固定至胫骨的固定件，所述截骨引导装置还包括用于指示所述截骨槽的中心平面与所述一侧胫骨平台夹角大小的角度指示构件。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, that is, the existing osteotomy guide cannot realize different osteotomy angles to meet different osteotomy requirements, the present invention provides an osteotomy for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty A guiding device, the osteotomy guiding device includes a pivotally connected positioning part and a guiding part, the positioning part can cooperate with one side of the tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel or coplanar with the one side of the tibial plateau, the guiding part An osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis is provided on the part, and a fixing member for fixing the positioning part and the guiding part to the tibia is provided on the positioning part and the guiding part. The bone guiding device further includes an angle indicating member for indicating the angle between the central plane of the osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau on one side.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述定位部包括第一杆件以及设置于所述第一杆件的定位组件，所述引导部包括第二杆件，所述截骨槽设置于所述第二杆件，所述第一杆件和所述第二杆件枢转连接，所述角度指示构件设置于所述枢转轴线的位置。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guiding device, the positioning part includes a first rod and a positioning assembly arranged on the first rod, the guiding part includes a second rod, and the osteotomy groove is set The first rod and the second rod are pivotally connected to the second rod, and the angle indicating member is arranged at the position of the pivot axis.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述角度指示构件为刻度盘。In a preferred technical solution of the aforementioned osteotomy guide device, the angle indicating member is a dial.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述定位组件包括沿所述枢转轴线方向延伸的第三杆件和第四杆件，所述第三杆件和所述第四杆件用于抵靠至所述一侧胫骨平台以便所述枢转轴线与所述一侧胫骨平台平行或者共面。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, the positioning assembly includes a third rod and a fourth rod extending along the direction of the pivot axis, and the third rod and the fourth rod are used for to abut against the one side tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel or coplanar with the one side tibial plateau.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述第三杆件与所述第一杆件滑动连接，所述第一杆件上还设置有第一传动机构，在外力的作用下所述第一传动机构能够带动所述第三杆件沿所述第一杆件的轴向滑动。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, the third rod is slidingly connected to the first rod, and a first transmission mechanism is also arranged on the first rod. The first transmission mechanism can drive the third rod to slide along the axial direction of the first rod.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述第四杆件与所述第一杆件滑动连接，所述第一杆件上还设置有第二传动机构，在外力的作用下所述第二传动机构能够带动所述第四杆件沿所述第一杆件的轴向滑动。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, the fourth rod is slidingly connected to the first rod, and a second transmission mechanism is also arranged on the first rod. The second transmission mechanism can drive the fourth rod to slide along the axial direction of the first rod.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述第一传动机构包括两个第一支撑座、第一丝杠以及套设于所述第一丝杠的第一螺母，所述两个第一支撑座固定于所述第一杆件，所述第一丝杠与所述第一支撑座可转动地连接，所述第一螺母与所述第三杆件固定连接，所述第一丝杠靠近所述枢转轴的一端设置有与其同轴的第一锥齿轮，所述第一杆件上还设置有旋转件，所述旋转件的轴线与所述枢转轴线平行并且所述旋转件上设置有与其同轴的第二锥齿轮，所述第一锥齿轮与所述第二锥齿轮啮合；并且/或者所述第二传动机构包括两个第二支撑座、第二丝杠以及套设于所述第二丝杠的第二螺母，所述两个第二支撑座固定于所述第一杆件，所述第二丝杠与所述第二支撑座可转动地连接，所述第二螺母与所述第四杆件固定连接，所述第二丝杠靠近所述枢转轴的一端设置有与其同轴的第三锥齿轮，所述第一杆件上还设置有第二旋转件，所述第二旋转件的轴线与所述枢转轴线平行并且所述第二旋转件上设置有与其同轴的第四锥齿轮，所述第三锥齿轮与所述第四锥齿轮啮合。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, the first transmission mechanism includes two first support seats, a first lead screw and a first nut sheathed on the first lead screw, and the two first A support base is fixed on the first rod, the first lead screw is rotatably connected to the first support base, the first nut is fixedly connected to the third rod, and the first thread One end of the bar near the pivot shaft is provided with a first bevel gear coaxial with it, and a rotating member is also arranged on the first lever, the axis of the rotating member is parallel to the pivot axis and the rotating member There is a second bevel gear coaxial with it, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear; and/or the second transmission mechanism includes two second support seats, a second lead screw and a sleeve The second nut provided on the second lead screw, the two second support bases are fixed to the first rod, the second lead screw is rotatably connected to the second support base, the The second nut is fixedly connected with the fourth rod, the end of the second lead screw close to the pivot shaft is provided with a third bevel gear coaxial with it, and the first rod is also provided with a second rotating The axis of the second rotating member is parallel to the pivot axis and the second rotating member is provided with a fourth bevel gear coaxial with it, and the third bevel gear meshes with the fourth bevel gear .
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述截骨槽的数量为多个，多个所述截骨槽平行设置。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guiding device, there are multiple osteotomy slots, and the multiple osteotomy slots are arranged in parallel.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述引导部上设置有滑动块，所述滑动块能够在设定滑动范围内的任一位置锁定，所述截骨槽设置于所述滑动块上。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, a sliding block is provided on the guide part, and the sliding block can be locked at any position within a set sliding range, and the osteotomy groove is arranged on the sliding block superior.
在上述截骨引导装置的优选技术方案中，所述固定件包括对称设置于所述第一杆件两侧的第一固定板以及对称设置于所述第二杆件两侧的第二固定板，所述第一固定板和所述第二固定板上设置有用于安装固定钉的固定孔。In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned osteotomy guide device, the fixing member includes a first fixing plate symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first rod member and a second fixing plate symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second rod member , the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are provided with fixing holes for installing fixing nails.
在本发明的技术方案中，本发明的截骨引导装置包括枢转连接的定位部和引导部，定位部能够与一侧胫骨平台配合以便枢转轴线与一侧胫骨平台平行或者共面，引导部上设置有沿枢转轴线方向延伸的截骨槽，定位部和引导部上设置有用于将定位部和引导部固定至胫骨的固定件，截骨引导装置还包括用于指示截骨槽的中心平面与一侧胫骨平台夹角大小的角度指示构件。通过这样的设置，截骨引导装置通过定位部与一侧胫骨平台配合使枢转轴线与该一侧胫骨平台平行，引导部绕着枢转轴线转动能够调节其上截骨槽与上述一侧胫骨平台的夹角，通过角度指示构件显示该角度大小，从而使操作人员根据具体情况调节引导部后使截骨槽的中心平面与上述一侧胫骨平台平行或者具有一定的夹角，满足了不同截骨情况的需求。In the technical solution of the present invention, the osteotomy guiding device of the present invention includes a positioning part and a guiding part that are pivotally connected, and the positioning part can cooperate with one side of the tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel or coplanar with one side of the tibial plateau. An osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis is arranged on the part, and a fixing part for fixing the positioning part and the guide part to the tibia is arranged on the positioning part and the guiding part. The angle between the central plane and the tibial plateau on one side indicates the size of the component. Through such setting, the osteotomy guide device cooperates with the tibial plateau on one side through the positioning part to make the pivot axis parallel to the tibial plateau on one side, and the guide part rotates around the pivot axis to adjust the upper osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau on the one side. The included angle of the platform is displayed by the angle indicating member, so that the operator adjusts the guide part according to the specific situation so that the central plane of the osteotomy groove is parallel to the tibial platform on one side or has a certain included angle, which meets the needs of different cuts. bone condition needs.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面参照附图来描述本发明的用于单间室膝关节置换术的截骨引导装置。附图中：The osteotomy guide device for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the attached picture:
图1是本发明第一种实施例中截骨引导装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an osteotomy guide device in a first embodiment of the present invention;
图2是图1中局部A的放大图；Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1;
图3是本发明第一种实施例中截骨引导装置的正视图；Fig. 3 is the front view of the osteotomy guiding device in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明第二种实施例中截骨引导装置的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the osteotomy guiding device in the second embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明第二种实施例中截骨引导装置的正视图。Fig. 5 is a front view of the osteotomy guiding device in the second embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记列表:List of reference signs:
11、第一杆件；111、第一滑槽；12、定位组件；121、第三杆件；122、第四杆件；131、第一支撑座；132、第一丝杠；133、第一锥齿轮；134、第一旋转件；135、第二锥齿轮；141、第二支撑座；142、第二丝杠；143、第三锥齿轮；144、第二旋转件；145、第四锥齿轮；15、第一固定板；151、第一固定孔；21、第二杆件；211、第二滑槽；212、滑动块；213、锁紧螺母；22、截骨槽；23、第二固定板；231、第二固定孔；31、刻度盘；32、指示口。11. The first rod; 111. The first chute; 12. The positioning assembly; 121. The third rod; 122. The fourth rod; 131. The first support seat; 132. The first screw; 133. The first A bevel gear; 134, the first rotating part; 135, the second bevel gear; 141, the second support seat; 142, the second screw; 143, the third bevel gear; 144, the second rotating part; 145, the fourth Bevel gear; 15, first fixing plate; 151, first fixing hole; 21, second rod; 211, second chute; 212, sliding block; 213, locking nut; 22, osteotomy groove; 23, The second fixing plate; 231, the second fixing hole; 31, the dial; 32, the indicating port.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。例如在第一种实施例中截骨槽的数量为3个，但是本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如截骨槽的数量可以是1个、2个、4个等。显然，调整后的技术方案仍将落入本发明的保护范围。Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment, the number of osteotomy grooves is 3, but those skilled in the art can make adjustments to it according to needs, so as to adapt to specific applications, such as the number of osteotomy grooves can be 1 or 2 , 4 etc. Obviously, the adjusted technical solution will still fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The terms of the indicated direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation , and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
参照图1至图3，来对发明的截骨引导装置进行介绍。其中，图1是本发明第一种实施例中截骨引导装置的结构示意图；图2是图1中局部A的放大图；图3是本发明第一种实施例中截骨引导装置的正视图。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the osteotomy guiding device of the invention is introduced. Among them, Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the osteotomy guide device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a front view of the osteotomy guide device in the first embodiment of the present invention picture.
如图1至图3所示并参照图3所示的方位，在本发明的第一种实施例中，截骨引导装置包括位于左侧的定位部以及位于右侧的引导部，定位部包括第一杆件11以及设置于第一杆件11上的定位组件12，引导部包括第二杆件21，第一杆件11和第二杆件21枢转连接。定位组件12能够与一侧胫骨平台配合以便第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线与该一侧胫骨平台平行或者共面。在第二杆件21上设置有截骨槽22，截骨槽22沿第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线方向延伸。优选地，第二杆件21上设置有3个平行设置的截骨槽22。第一杆件11和第二杆件21枢转连接的位置设置有用于指示截骨槽22的中心平面与一侧胫骨平台夹角大小的角度指示构件，如圆形的刻度盘31，在第二杆件21上设置有指示口32，用于读取当前状态第二杆件21与第一杆件11之间的夹角大小在刻度盘31上对应的刻度值。在第一杆件11和第二杆件12设置有固定件，用于将第一杆件11和第二杆件12固定至胫骨。As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and with reference to the orientation shown in Figure 3, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the osteotomy guide device includes a positioning part on the left side and a guiding part on the right side, and the positioning part includes The first rod 11 and the positioning assembly 12 disposed on the first rod 11 , the guiding part includes a second rod 21 , and the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are pivotally connected. The positioning assembly 12 can cooperate with one side of the tibial plateau so that the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are parallel or coplanar with the one side of the tibial plateau. An osteotomy slot 22 is provided on the second rod 21 , and the osteotomy slot 22 extends along the pivot axis direction of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 . Preferably, three parallel osteotomy slots 22 are provided on the second rod 21 . The position where the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are pivotally connected is provided with an angle indicating member for indicating the angle between the central plane of the osteotomy groove 22 and the tibial plateau on one side, such as a circular dial 31, on the The second rod 21 is provided with an indicating port 32 for reading the scale value corresponding to the angle between the second rod 21 and the first rod 11 in the current state on the dial 31 . Fixing elements are provided on the first rod 11 and the second rod 12 for fixing the first rod 11 and the second rod 12 to the tibia.
具体而言，定位组件12包括沿第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线方向延伸的第三杆件121和第四杆件122，第一杆件11上设置有与其轴线平行的第一滑槽111，第三杆件121和第四杆件122均与第一滑槽111滑动配合以便沿第一滑槽111滑动。第一杆件11上还设置有第一传动机构和第二传动机构。Specifically, the positioning assembly 12 includes a third rod 121 and a fourth rod 122 extending along the pivot axis of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, and the first rod 11 is provided with a The first chute 111 , the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are all slidably engaged with the first chute 111 so as to slide along the first chute 111 . The first rod 11 is also provided with a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism.
第一传动机构包括两个第一支撑座131，第一丝杠132以及套设于第一丝杠132的第一螺母(图中未示出)，该第一螺母固定安装在第三杆件121上。两个第一支撑座131固定在第一杆件11上靠近第一滑槽111端部的位置，两个第一支撑座131上具有供第一丝杠132穿入的安装孔，第一丝杠132通过轴承与安装孔配合而能够绕其轴线旋转，第一丝杠132的右端设置有与其同轴的第一锥齿轮133。第一杆件11上靠近第一丝杠132右端的位置设置有第一旋转件134，第一旋转件134的轴线与第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线平行，第一旋转件134上设置有与其同轴的第二锥齿轮135，第一锥齿轮134与第二锥齿轮135啮合。The first transmission mechanism includes two first supporting bases 131, a first lead screw 132 and a first nut (not shown) sleeved on the first lead screw 132, the first nut is fixedly installed on the third rod 121 on. The two first support bases 131 are fixed on the first rod member 11 near the end of the first sliding groove 111, and the two first support bases 131 have installation holes for the first lead screw 132 to pass through. The rod 132 is rotatable around its axis through the bearing and the mounting hole, and the right end of the first lead screw 132 is provided with a first bevel gear 133 coaxial therewith. The position near the right end of the first lead screw 132 on the first rod 11 is provided with a first rotating member 134, the axis of the first rotating member 134 is parallel to the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, the first The rotating member 134 is provided with a second bevel gear 135 coaxial therewith, and the first bevel gear 134 meshes with the second bevel gear 135 .
第二传动机构包括两个第二支撑座141，第二丝杠142以及套设于第二丝杠142的第二螺母(图中未示出)，该第二螺母固定安装在第四杆件122上。两个第二支撑座141固定在第一杆件11上靠近第一滑槽111端部的位置，两个第二支撑座141上具有供第二丝杠142穿入的安装孔，第二丝杠142通过轴承与安装孔配合而能够绕其轴线旋转，第二丝杠142的右端设置有与其同轴的第三锥齿轮143。第一杆件11上靠近第二丝杠142右端的位置设置有第二旋转件144，第二旋转件144的轴线与第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线平行，第二旋转件144上设置有与其同轴的第四锥齿轮145，第三锥齿轮144与第四锥齿轮145啮合。The second transmission mechanism includes two second support bases 141, a second lead screw 142 and a second nut (not shown) sleeved on the second lead screw 142, the second nut is fixedly installed on the fourth rod 122 on. The two second support bases 141 are fixed on the first rod 11 near the end of the first sliding groove 111. The two second support bases 141 have mounting holes for the second lead screw 142 to pass through. The rod 142 is rotatable around its axis through the bearing and the mounting hole, and the right end of the second lead screw 142 is provided with a third bevel gear 143 coaxial therewith. The position near the right end of the second lead screw 142 on the first rod 11 is provided with a second rotating member 144, the axis of the second rotating member 144 is parallel to the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, and the second The rotating member 144 is provided with a fourth bevel gear 145 coaxial therewith, and the third bevel gear 144 meshes with the fourth bevel gear 145 .
在单间室膝关节置换术过程中如需要对右侧胫骨平台进行截骨，则使第三杆件121和第四杆件122抵靠至左侧胫骨平台，旋转第一旋转件134通过第一锥齿轮133、第二锥齿轮135、第一丝杠132以及套设与第一丝杠132的第一螺母的配合传动而使第三杆件121沿第一滑槽111向左滑动，旋转第二旋转件144通过第三锥齿轮143、第四锥齿轮145、第二丝杠142以及套设与第二丝杠142的第二螺母的配合传动而使第四杆件122沿第一滑槽111向右滑动，从而增大第三杆件121和第四杆件122之间的距离，从而更加准确地确定出左侧胫骨平台的平面，然后通过第一杆件11上的固定件将第一杆件11固定在胫骨上。之后枢转第二杆件21，通过指示口32读取当前第二杆件21与第一杆件11之间的夹角大小，从而使第二杆件21调节至所需要的角度。在第二杆件21枢转至所需要的位置时，通过第二杆件21上的固定件将第二杆件21固定至胫骨。最后将截骨锯从截骨槽中插入以对右侧胫骨平台进行截骨。If it is necessary to perform osteotomy on the right tibial plateau during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, make the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 abut against the left tibial plateau, rotate the first rotating member 134 through the first The bevel gear 133, the second bevel gear 135, the first lead screw 132, and the first nut sleeved with the first lead screw 132 cooperate with each other to make the third rod 121 slide leftward along the first chute 111, and rotate the second screw. The second rotating member 144 makes the fourth rod 122 move along the first chute through the third bevel gear 143, the fourth bevel gear 145, the second lead screw 142 and the second nut sleeved with the second lead screw 142. 111 slides to the right, thereby increasing the distance between the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122, so as to more accurately determine the plane of the left tibial plateau, and then move the second rod 11 through the fixing member on the first rod 11. A rod 11 is fixed on the tibia. Afterwards, the second rod 21 is pivoted, and the current included angle between the second rod 21 and the first rod 11 is read through the indicator port 32 , so that the second rod 21 is adjusted to a desired angle. When the second rod 21 is pivoted to a desired position, the second rod 21 is fixed to the tibia through the fixing part on the second rod 21 . Finally, insert the osteotomy saw through the osteotomy slot to cut the right tibial plateau osteotomy.
通过这样的设置，能够调节截骨槽相对于非截骨侧的胫骨平台的夹角，满足了单间室膝关节置换术中对单侧胫骨平台截骨时需要分情况选择不同的截骨角度的需求，提高了截骨精度，方便了单侧胫骨平台的截骨操作。第三杆件121和第四杆件122均设置成能够相对于第一杆件11滑动，能够方便的调节第三杆件121和第四杆件122之间的距离，能够更加准确地确定出非截骨侧胫骨平台所在的平面。通常，在进行单间室膝关节置换术时，皮肤切口会开在靠近截骨侧的位置。通过上述的传动机构实现第三杆件11和第四杆件21沿第一滑槽111的滑动，结构更加紧凑，只需将第一旋转构件134和第二旋转构件144通过切口裸露出来即可，无需扩大切口，操作方便。第二杆件21上设置有3个平行设置的截骨槽22，能够根据需要选择不同的截骨槽22能够进行不同厚度的截骨操作。Through this setting, the angle between the osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau on the non-osteotomy side can be adjusted, which satisfies the need to select different osteotomy angles according to the situation when performing osteotomy on the unilateral tibial plateau in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. It improves the accuracy of osteotomy and facilitates the osteotomy of unilateral tibial plateau. Both the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are set to be able to slide relative to the first rod 11, the distance between the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 can be easily adjusted, and the distance between the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 can be determined more accurately. The plane of the tibial plateau on the non-osteotomized side. Typically, in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, the skin incision is made close to the side of the osteotomy. The sliding of the third rod 11 and the fourth rod 21 along the first chute 111 is realized through the above-mentioned transmission mechanism, and the structure is more compact, and only the first rotating member 134 and the second rotating member 144 need to be exposed through the cutout. , no need to expand the incision, easy to operate. Three osteotomy slots 22 arranged in parallel are arranged on the second rod 21 , and different osteotomy slots 22 can be selected according to needs to perform osteotomy operations with different thicknesses.
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，第三杆件121和第四杆件122均设置成能够相对于第一杆件11滑动仅是一种优选的实施方式，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如可以仅将第三杆件121和第四杆件122中的一个设置成能够相对于第一杆件11滑动，而另一个与第一杆件11固定连接，相应地第一杆件11上设置有一套传动机构；还可以将第三杆件121和第四杆件122均与第一杆件11固定连接，这样直接通过第三杆件121和第四杆件122与非截骨侧的胫骨平台抵靠而确定出该侧胫骨平台所在的平面。当然，定位组件也可以不通过第三杆件121和第四杆件122确定出非截骨侧的胫骨平台所在的平面，如定位组件可以通过设置于第一杆件11上的与第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴平行的平板来确定出非截骨侧的胫骨平台所在的平面。另外，截骨槽22的数量为3个仅是一种示例性的描述，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其进行调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如截骨槽22的数量可以是1个、2个、4个等。Those skilled in the art can understand that it is only a preferred embodiment that both the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 are configured to be able to slide relative to the first rod 11 , and those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed. Make adjustments to adapt to specific applications, such as only one of the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 can be set to be able to slide relative to the first rod 11, while the other is fixed to the first rod 11 Correspondingly, a set of transmission mechanism is provided on the first rod 11; the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 can also be fixedly connected with the first rod 11, so that the third rod 121 and the second rod The four rods 122 abut against the tibial plateau on the non-osteotomized side to determine the plane where the tibial plateau on this side is located. Of course, the positioning assembly can also not determine the plane where the tibial plateau on the non-osteotomy side is located through the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122, such as the positioning assembly can be arranged on the first rod 11 and the first rod The flat plate parallel to the pivot axes of the member 11 and the second rod member 21 determines the plane where the tibial plateau on the non-osteotomy side is located. In addition, the number of osteotomy grooves 22 is only an exemplary description, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to needs, so as to adapt to specific applications, such as the number of osteotomy grooves 22 can be one , 2, 4, etc.
此外，上述的丝杠螺母传动机构与锥齿轮传动机构的组合仅是一种优选的实施方式，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其进行调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如传动机构也可以设置成带传动机构，如可以在第一滑槽111的两侧设置两个带轮，两个带轮上套设有一条环形带，第三杆件121或者第四杆件122与环形带固定连接，通过转动一个带轮使环形带移动从而带动第三杆件121或者第四杆件122沿第一滑槽111滑动；也可以是通过两根平行于第一杆件11的轴线的连杆分别与第三杆件121和第四杆件122固定连接，通过推拉连杆来实现第三杆件121和第四杆件122沿第一滑槽111滑动。当然，第一传动机构和第二传动机构可以相同也可以不同。In addition, the above-mentioned combination of the screw nut transmission mechanism and the bevel gear transmission mechanism is only a preferred embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to needs in order to adapt to specific applications. For example, the transmission mechanism can also be set As for the belt transmission mechanism, two pulleys can be arranged on both sides of the first chute 111, an endless belt is sleeved on the two pulleys, and the third rod 121 or the fourth rod 122 is fixedly connected with the endless belt , by turning a pulley to move the endless belt to drive the third bar 121 or the fourth bar 122 to slide along the first chute 111; it can also be through two connecting rods parallel to the axis of the first bar 11 It is fixedly connected with the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 , and the sliding of the third rod 121 and the fourth rod 122 along the first sliding groove 111 is realized by pushing and pulling the connecting rod. Certainly, the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism may be the same or different.
本领域技术人员还可以理解的是，角度指示构件为圆形的刻度盘31仅是一种具体的实施方式，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其进行调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如角度指示构件可以是半圆状的刻度盘，也可以是围绕第一杆件11和第二杆件21的枢转轴线设置的多个放射状的指针，该相邻指针之间具有相同的夹角，如设置7个放射状的指针，其中1个指针始终与第一杆件11的轴线重合，另外6个指针均匀分布于第一杆件11的轴线两侧，每个指针之间夹角为1°，从而使第二杆件21能够在第一杆件11两侧分别与第一杆件11形成1°、2°、3°的夹角；或者其他合适的角度指示构件等。此外，定位部包括第一杆件11以及设置于第一杆件11上的定位组件、引导部包括第二杆件21仅是一种具体的实施方式，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其进行调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，如定位部可以包括第一矩形块以及设置在第一矩形块上的定位板，引导部包括第二矩形块，截骨槽设置在第二矩形块上。也就是说，定位部和引导部的形状不局限于杆件。Those skilled in the art can also understand that the circular dial 31 of the angle indicating member is only a specific embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to needs so as to adapt to specific applications, such as the angle The indicating member can be a semicircular dial, or a plurality of radial pointers arranged around the pivot axes of the first rod 11 and the second rod 21, and the adjacent pointers have the same included angle, such as Set 7 radial pointers, one of which always coincides with the axis of the first rod 11, and the other 6 pointers are evenly distributed on both sides of the axis of the first rod 11, and the angle between each pointer is 1°, In this way, the second rod 21 can form angles of 1°, 2°, and 3° with the first rod 11 on both sides of the first rod 11 ; or other suitable angle indicating members. In addition, the positioning part includes the first rod 11 and the positioning assembly provided on the first rod 11, and the guide part includes the second rod 21 is only a specific implementation mode, and those skilled in the art can make it according to the needs. In order to adapt to specific application occasions, for example, the positioning part may include a first rectangular block and a positioning plate provided on the first rectangular block, the guiding part may include a second rectangular block, and the osteotomy groove is provided on the second rectangular block. That is, the shapes of the positioning portion and the guiding portion are not limited to the rod.
继续参照图1和图3，优选地，第一杆件11上的固定件包括两个对称设置在第一杆件11的轴线两侧的第一固定板15，第一固定板15上设置有用于安装固定钉的第一固定孔151。第二杆件21上的固定件包括两个对称设置在第二杆件21的轴线两侧的第二固定板23，第二固定板23上设置有用于安装固定钉的第二固定孔231。通过这样的设置，本发明的截骨引导装置不仅能够适用于于右侧胫骨平台截骨，而且能够适用于左侧胫骨平台截骨。在使用过程中，只需将截骨引导装置旋转180°即可使用。Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , preferably, the fixing member on the first rod 11 includes two first fixing plates 15 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the first rod 11 , and the first fixing plate 15 is provided with a useful The first fixing hole 151 is used for installing the fixing nail. The fixing member on the second rod 21 includes two second fixing plates 23 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the second rod 21 , and the second fixing plates 23 are provided with second fixing holes 231 for installing fixing nails. With such a setting, the osteotomy guiding device of the present invention is not only suitable for osteotomy of the right tibial plateau, but also suitable for osteotomy of the left tibial plateau. During use, just rotate the osteotomy guide 180° to use.
参照图4和图5，图4是本发明第二种实施例中截骨引导装置的结构示意图；图5是本发明第二种实施例中截骨引导装置的正视图。Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the osteotomy guiding device in the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a front view of the osteotomy guiding device in the second embodiment of the present invention.
在本发明的第二种实施例中，如图4和图5所示并按照图5所示的方位，与第一种实施例不同的是，第二杆件21上的截骨槽22的位置不是固定的。具体地，在第二杆件21上设置有在上下方向延伸的两个平行的第二滑槽211，滑动块212通过两端的锁紧螺母于第二滑槽211连接并能够沿第二滑槽211上下滑动，截骨槽22设置在滑动块212上。在使用过程中，在第一杆件11与第二杆件21之间的夹角调节至目标角度并固定之后，根据需要上下移动滑动块212来调节截骨槽22的位置，使其移动到所需的位置以实现所需的截骨厚度，然后拧紧锁紧螺母213将滑动块212锁定。通过这样的设置，能够连续地调节截骨槽的位置，从而实现不同截骨尺寸的调节。In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and according to the orientation shown in FIG. 5 , the difference from the first embodiment is that the osteotomy groove 22 on the second rod 21 The location is not fixed. Specifically, two parallel second sliding slots 211 extending in the up-and-down direction are arranged on the second rod 21, and the sliding block 212 is connected to the second sliding slots 211 through lock nuts at both ends and can move along the second sliding slots. 211 slides up and down, and the osteotomy groove 22 is arranged on the sliding block 212 . During use, after the angle between the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 is adjusted to the target angle and fixed, the slide block 212 is moved up and down as required to adjust the position of the osteotomy groove 22 so that it moves to desired position to achieve the desired osteotomy thickness, and then tighten the locking nut 213 to lock the sliding block 212 . Through such setting, the position of the osteotomy slot can be continuously adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of different osteotomy sizes.
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，也可以在第二杆件21上设置燕尾槽，在滑动块212上设置燕尾块，燕尾块与燕尾槽滑动配合，在滑动块212上设置旋紧螺母，通过选入旋紧螺母使其端部抵靠在第二杆件21上而实现滑动块212的锁定。Those skilled in the art can understand that a dovetail groove can also be provided on the second rod 21, a dovetail block can be provided on the sliding block 212, the dovetail block and the dovetail groove can be slidably matched, and a tightening nut can be provided on the sliding block 212, and the The locking of the sliding block 212 is realized by selecting and tightening the nut so that the end thereof abuts against the second rod 21 .
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在本发明的优选技术方案中，本发明的截骨引导装置包括定位部和引导部，定位部包括第一杆件11以及设置于第一杆件11上的定位组件12，引导部包括第二杆件21，第一杆件11和第二杆件21枢转连接，定位组件12能够与一侧胫骨平台配合以便枢转轴线与一侧胫骨平台平行或者共面，引导部上设置有沿枢转轴线方向延伸的截骨槽，定位部和引导部上设置有用于将定位部和引导部固定至胫骨的固定件，截骨引导装置还包括用于指示截骨槽的中心平面与一侧胫骨平台夹角大小的角度指示构件。通过这样的设置，截骨引导装置通过定位部与一侧胫骨平台配合使枢转轴线与该一侧胫骨平台平行，引导部绕着枢转轴线转动能够调节其上截骨槽与上述一侧胫骨平台的夹角，通过角度指示构件显示该角度大小，从而使操作人员根据具体情况调节引导部后使截骨槽的中心平面与上述一侧胫骨平台平行或者具有一定的夹角，满足了不同截骨情况的需求。Those skilled in the art can understand that, in the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the osteotomy guiding device of the present invention includes a positioning part and a guiding part, and the positioning part includes a first rod 11 and a The positioning assembly 12, the guide part includes a second rod 21, the first rod 11 and the second rod 21 are pivotally connected, the positioning assembly 12 can cooperate with one side of the tibial plateau so that the pivot axis is parallel to or common to one side of the tibial plateau On the surface, the guide part is provided with an osteotomy groove extending along the direction of the pivot axis, the positioning part and the guide part are provided with a fixing part for fixing the positioning part and the guide part to the tibia, and the osteotomy guide device also includes a The angle between the center plane of the bone groove and the tibial plateau on one side indicates the size of the component. Through such setting, the osteotomy guide device cooperates with the tibial plateau on one side through the positioning part to make the pivot axis parallel to the tibial plateau on one side, and the guide part rotates around the pivot axis to adjust the upper osteotomy groove and the tibial plateau on the one side. The included angle of the platform is displayed by the angle indicating member, so that the operator adjusts the guide part according to the specific situation so that the central plane of the osteotomy groove is parallel to the tibial platform on one side or has a certain included angle, which meets the needs of different cuts. bone condition needs.
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but those skilled in the art will easily understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910550340.4ACN110393571B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee replacement |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910550340.4ACN110393571B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee replacement |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110393571Atrue CN110393571A (en) | 2019-11-01 |
| CN110393571B CN110393571B (en) | 2021-01-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910550340.4AActiveCN110393571B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Osteotomy guiding device for unicompartmental knee replacement |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110393571B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112998809A (en)* | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 西安市红会医院 | Guiding device for orthopedic surgery |
| CN114469243A (en)* | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 | Tibial osteotomy system and its osteotomy volume adjustment device |
| CN115281806A (en)* | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-04 | 河北医科大学第三医院 | A kind of medial high osteotomy external support for knee joint |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4524766A (en)* | 1982-01-07 | 1985-06-25 | Petersen Thomas D | Surgical knee alignment method and system |
| US20050187557A1 (en)* | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Tibial cutting guide having variable adjustment |
| CN102292037A (en)* | 2009-01-23 | 2011-12-21 | 新特斯有限责任公司 | Jig and saw guides for use in osteotomies |
| CN103945779A (en)* | 2011-11-23 | 2014-07-23 | 沃尔德玛链接有限公司 | Device for defining a cutting plane for bone resection |
| CN204708929U (en)* | 2015-04-10 | 2015-10-21 | 北京大学第三医院 | The deep guide plate arrangement of a kind of Total knee arthroplasty proximal tibia |
| CN105852944A (en)* | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 北京纳通科技集团有限公司 | Distal femur cutting assembly and ectropion positioning device |
| CN106691536A (en)* | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-24 | 北京纳通科技集团有限公司 | Tibia intramedullary positioner |
| CN106974700A (en)* | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-25 | 北京大学第三医院 | A kind of proximal tibia osteotomy instrument kit |
| CN206365912U (en)* | 2016-10-10 | 2017-08-01 | 北京大学第三医院 | A kind of proximal tibia osteotomy locating piece and device |
| CN107007319A (en)* | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-04 | 聂宇 | Shin bone list condyle osteotomy device |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4524766A (en)* | 1982-01-07 | 1985-06-25 | Petersen Thomas D | Surgical knee alignment method and system |
| US20050187557A1 (en)* | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Tibial cutting guide having variable adjustment |
| CN102292037A (en)* | 2009-01-23 | 2011-12-21 | 新特斯有限责任公司 | Jig and saw guides for use in osteotomies |
| CN103945779A (en)* | 2011-11-23 | 2014-07-23 | 沃尔德玛链接有限公司 | Device for defining a cutting plane for bone resection |
| CN105852944A (en)* | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 北京纳通科技集团有限公司 | Distal femur cutting assembly and ectropion positioning device |
| CN204708929U (en)* | 2015-04-10 | 2015-10-21 | 北京大学第三医院 | The deep guide plate arrangement of a kind of Total knee arthroplasty proximal tibia |
| CN106691536A (en)* | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-24 | 北京纳通科技集团有限公司 | Tibia intramedullary positioner |
| CN206365912U (en)* | 2016-10-10 | 2017-08-01 | 北京大学第三医院 | A kind of proximal tibia osteotomy locating piece and device |
| CN106974700A (en)* | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-25 | 北京大学第三医院 | A kind of proximal tibia osteotomy instrument kit |
| CN107007319A (en)* | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-04 | 聂宇 | Shin bone list condyle osteotomy device |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114469243A (en)* | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-13 | 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 | Tibial osteotomy system and its osteotomy volume adjustment device |
| CN112998809A (en)* | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-22 | 西安市红会医院 | Guiding device for orthopedic surgery |
| CN115281806A (en)* | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-04 | 河北医科大学第三医院 | A kind of medial high osteotomy external support for knee joint |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110393571B (en) | 2021-01-15 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
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