技术领域technical field
本申请涉及交通运输领域，特别是涉及一种公交畅行指数获取方法、系统及装置。The present application relates to the field of transportation, in particular to a method, system and device for obtaining a public transport smooth flow index.
背景技术Background technique
针对城市交通问题，近几年关于反映城市公共交通运行状况的指数模型的研究有了一定的进展。在现有公交畅行指数的实现方法中，主要是利用公交车的定位信息，得到所有公交车辆在公交站点间的停车时间，通过公式计算出公交站点间的平均运送速度其中：S为站点A和站点B的距离，为经过站点A的所有公交车的停车时间，i＝1，2，…，N，为经过站点B的所有公交车的停车时间，然后经过正负累积效应、权重(根据权重对照表)及公交畅行指数的计算公式得到公交畅行指数，最后由公交畅行指数与公交车速的关系的总结数据，来反映相应的公交运行状况，并发布公交畅行指数。Aiming at the problem of urban traffic, the research on the index model reflecting the operation status of urban public transport has made some progress in recent years. In the current implementation method of the public transport smooth flow index, the positioning information of the bus is mainly used to obtain the parking time of all bus vehicles between bus stops, and the formula Calculate the average delivery speed between bus stops Among them: S is the distance between site A and site B, is the parking time of all buses passing through station A, i=1, 2,..., N, It is the parking time of all buses passing through station B, and then the bus flow index is obtained through the positive and negative cumulative effects, weight (according to the weight comparison table) and the calculation formula of the bus flow index, and finally the relationship between the bus flow index and the bus speed Summarize the data to reflect the corresponding bus operation status, and release the bus smoothness index.
从影响因素方面，该方法考虑的影响因素过于单一，仅仅考虑公交站点间的平均运送速度对公交运行状况的影响，没有考虑到拥堵路段里程、公交拥堵时间、城市道路等级划分等因素的影响；从计算所需的数据方面，没有通过数理方法对路段平均运送速度进行修正，弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，降低了数据计算精度。因此，通过这两个方面的分析，可以看出现有的公交畅行指数的实现方法还存在一定的缺陷，所提供的公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性不高，从而影响公交管理调度工作及市民出行规划。In terms of influencing factors, this method considers too single influencing factors. It only considers the impact of the average transport speed between bus stations on the bus operation status, and does not take into account the influence of factors such as the mileage of the congested road section, the time of bus congestion, and the division of urban roads; In terms of the data required for calculation, the average transportation speed of the road section was not corrected by mathematical methods to make up for the sample size of the small number of buses in the road section or the sample size of no bus passing, which reduced the accuracy of data calculation. Therefore, through the analysis of these two aspects, it can be seen that there are still some defects in the existing implementation methods of the bus flow index. Work and citizen travel planning.
因此，如何提供一种解决上述技术问题的方案是本领域技术人员目前需要解决的问题。Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problems is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请的目的是提供一种公交畅行指数获取方法、系统及装置，可以弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，并提高公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性，进而优化公交管理调度工作，为市民提供更加精确的公交畅行指数。The purpose of this application is to provide a method, system and device for obtaining the bus flow index, which can make up for the sample size of the bus in the road section where the sample size is small or no bus passes, and improve the real-time performance and accuracy of the bus flow index , reliability, and then optimize the bus management and scheduling work, and provide citizens with a more accurate bus traffic index.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种公交畅行指数获取方法，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application provides a method for obtaining public transport smooth travel index, including:
获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据，其中，所述公交静态数据包括路段数据及线路数据；Obtain bus static data and bus GPS data, wherein the bus static data includes section data and line data;
根据所述公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度；Obtain the bus average delivery speed of each road section in the bus route according to the bus GPS data;
确定每一所述路段的最小车辆数，通过指数平滑法对每一所述公交平均运送速度进行修正，得到新公交平均运送速度；Determine the minimum number of vehicles for each road section, and correct the average transport speed of each public transport by exponential smoothing method to obtain the new average transport speed of public transport;
根据所有所述新公交平均运送速度得到所述公交线路的平均运送速度；Obtain the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all the new buses;
获取公交自由流车速，通过所述公交线路的平均运送速度和所述公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比；Obtain the bus free-flow speed, and calculate the proportion of the congested line sections through the average delivery speed of the bus line and the bus free-flow speed;
将所述拥堵线路路段占比转换为公交畅行指数。The proportion of the section of the congested line is converted into a bus flow index.
优选的，所述获取公交GPS数据的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of obtaining bus GPS data is specifically:
按预设周期获取公交GPS数据。Acquire bus GPS data according to the preset cycle.
优选的，所述获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据之后，该公交畅行指数获取方法还包括：Preferably, after the static bus data and the bus GPS data are obtained, the method for obtaining the bus smoothness index also includes:
判定所有所述公交GPS数据中是否含有异常GPS数据；Determine whether all the bus GPS data contain abnormal GPS data;
若是，对所述异常GPS数据进行剔除处理和/或补偿处理，得到新公交GPS数据。If yes, perform elimination processing and/or compensation processing on the abnormal GPS data to obtain new bus GPS data.
优选的，所述判定所述公交GPS数据中是否含有异常GPS数据的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of determining whether the bus GPS data contains abnormal GPS data is specifically:
判断所有所述公交GPS数据中是否存在行程时间小于预设时间的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据；Judging whether there is bus GPS data with travel time less than preset time in all the bus GPS data, if so, judging the bus GPS data as abnormal GPS data;
和/或判断所有所述公交GPS数据中是否存在位置信息错误的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为所述异常GPS数据；And/or judge whether there is bus GPS data with wrong location information in all the bus GPS data, if so, judge the bus GPS data as the abnormal GPS data;
和/或判断所有所述公交GPS数据中是否存在间断公交GPS数据，若是，将所述间断公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据。And/or judge whether there is intermittent bus GPS data in all the bus GPS data, and if so, determine the intermittent bus GPS data as abnormal GPS data.
优选的，所述根据所述公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度之后，根据所有所述新公交平均运送速度得到所述公交线路的平均运送速度之前，该公交畅行指数获取方法还包括：Preferably, after the average delivery speed of each section of the bus line is obtained according to the bus GPS data, before the average delivery speed of the bus line is obtained according to the average delivery speed of all new buses, the bus smoothness index is obtained Methods also include:
确定所述公交线路的各个路段的等级，所述等级包括快速路路段、主干路路段及次干路路段；Determine the grade of each section of the bus line, the grade includes an expressway section, a trunk road section and a secondary trunk road section;
判断任一所述路段的公交平均运送速度是否大于该路段的等级对应的预设速度阈值，若是，对所述公交平均运送速度进行平均值计算操作或剔除操作。Judging whether the average transport speed of public transport on any road section is greater than the preset speed threshold corresponding to the level of the road section, and if so, performing an average calculation operation or an elimination operation on the average transport speed of the public transport.
优选的，所述根据所有所述新公交平均运送速度得到所述公交线路的平均运送速度的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of obtaining the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all the new buses is specifically:
确定每一所述路段的权重，根据所有所述权重及所有所述新公交平均运送速度得到所述公交线路的平均运送速度。The weight of each section is determined, and the average delivery speed of the bus line is obtained according to all the weights and the average delivery speed of all the new buses.
优选的，所述确定每一所述路段的权重的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of determining the weight of each road section is specifically:
通过任一所述路段的等级确定该路段的权重。The weight of any road segment is determined by the grade of the road segment.
优选的，所述获取公交自由流车速，通过所述公交线路的平均运送速度和所述公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比的过程具体为：Preferably, the process of obtaining the bus free-flow speed, calculating the proportion of the congested line section through the average delivery speed of the bus line and the bus free-flow speed is specifically:
计算所述公交线路的平均运送速度和所述公交自由流车速的比值；Calculate the ratio of the average delivery speed of the bus line to the free-flow speed of the bus;
根据所述比值确定公交路段/线路的运行状况等级，所述运行状况等级包括非常慢、较慢、缓行、基本畅通和畅通；Determine the operating status level of the bus section/line according to the ratio, and the operating status level includes very slow, relatively slow, slow, basically smooth and smooth;
确定所述运行状况等级为非常慢和较慢的路段的数量；determining the number of road segments with the health class being very slow and slower;
根据所述数量及路段总数计算拥堵线路路段占比。According to the number and the total number of road sections, the proportion of road sections of congested lines is calculated.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种公交畅行指数获取系统，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application also provides a system for acquiring public transport smooth travel index, including:
数据获取模块，用于获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据，其中，所述公交静态数据包括路段数据及线路数据；A data acquisition module, configured to acquire bus static data and bus GPS data, wherein the bus static data includes section data and line data;
第一计算模块，用于根据所述公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度；The first computing module is used to obtain the bus average delivery speed of each road section in the bus route according to the bus GPS data;
修正模块，用于确定每一所述路段的最小车辆数，通过指数平滑法对每一所述公交平均运送速度进行修正，得到新公交平均运送速度；The correction module is used to determine the minimum number of vehicles for each road section, and correct the average delivery speed of each bus through the exponential smoothing method to obtain the new average delivery speed of the bus;
第二计算模块，用于根据所有所述新公交平均运送速度得到所述公交线路的平均运送速度；The second calculation module is used to obtain the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all the new buses;
拥堵路段确定模块，用于获取公交自由流车速，通过所述公交线路的平均运送速度和所述公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比；The congested road section determination module is used to obtain the bus free-flow speed, and calculates the ratio of the congested road section through the average delivery speed of the bus line and the bus free-flow speed;
转换模块，用于将所述拥堵线路路段占比转换为公交畅行指数。A conversion module, configured to convert the proportion of the congested line section into a bus smooth flow index.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请还提供了一种公交畅行指数获取装置，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application also provides a device for acquiring public transport smooth travel index, including:
存储器，用于存储计算机程序；memory for storing computer programs;
处理器，用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如上文任意一项所述公交畅行指数获取方法的步骤。A processor, configured to implement the steps of the method for obtaining the public transport smooth flow index as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program.
本申请提供了一种公交畅行指数获取方法，通过增加影响因素，对路段的平均运送速度进行修正，弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，并根据路段和公交线路的平均运送速度作为基础，计算出拥堵线路路段占比，再根据相应的转换公式将拥堵线路路段占比换算成公交畅行指数，来提高公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性，进而优化公交管理调度工作，为公交运行提速提优，为市民提供更加精确的公交畅行指数。本申请还提供了一种公交畅行指数获取系统及装置，具有和上述公交畅行指数获取方法相同的有益效果。This application provides a method for obtaining the bus traffic index. By increasing the influencing factors, the average transport speed of the road section is corrected to make up for the sample size of the bus in the road section. The average transport speed of the bus line is used as the basis to calculate the proportion of the congested line section, and then convert the proportion of the congested line section into the bus flow index according to the corresponding conversion formula, so as to improve the real-time performance, accuracy and reliability of the bus flow index. Then optimize the bus management and scheduling work, speed up and optimize the bus operation, and provide citizens with a more accurate bus smoothness index. The present application also provides a system and device for obtaining the public transport smooth index, which has the same beneficial effects as the method for obtaining the public transport smooth index.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the prior art and the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present application. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取方法的步骤流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for obtaining a public transport smooth flow index provided by the application;
图2为本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取系统的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring a public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本申请的核心是提供一种公交畅行指数获取方法、系统及装置，可以弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，并提高公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性，进而优化公交管理调度工作，为市民提供更加精确的公交畅行指数。The core of this application is to provide a method, system and device for obtaining the bus flow index, which can make up for the sample size of the bus in the road section where the sample size is small or no bus passes, and improve the real-time performance and accuracy of the bus flow index , reliability, and then optimize the bus management and scheduling work, and provide citizens with a more accurate bus traffic index.
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.
请参照图1，图1为本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取方法的步骤流程图，该公交畅行指数获取方法包括：Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for obtaining the public transport smooth index provided by the present application, the method for obtaining the public transport smooth index includes:
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种公交畅行指数获取方法，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application provides a method for obtaining public transport smooth travel index, including:
步骤1：获取公交静态数据和公交GPS(Global Positioning System，全球定位系统)数据，其中，公交静态数据包括路段数据及线路数据；Step 1: Obtain bus static data and bus GPS (Global Positioning System, Global Positioning System) data, wherein, bus static data includes section data and line data;
具体的，公交静态数据包括路段数据、线路数据及站点数据，其中：路段数据包含路段编号、路段长度、路段方向、所属区域名称、所属道路名称等信息；线路数据包含线路编号、线路名称、线路等级、线路长度、线路上下行方向等信息；站点数据包含站点编号、站点名称、站点经纬度、站点上下行方向等信息。公交GPS数据包含公交车辆移动轨迹，公交车辆移动轨迹应包含经纬度、行驶角度、速度、进出站等基本参数。Specifically, the bus static data includes road section data, line data and station data, wherein: road section data includes information such as road section number, road section length, road section direction, area name, and road name; line data includes line number, line name, line Level, line length, line uplink and downlink direction and other information; station data includes station number, station name, station longitude and latitude, station uplink and downlink direction and other information. The bus GPS data includes the movement trajectory of the bus vehicle, and the movement trajectory of the bus vehicle should include basic parameters such as latitude and longitude, driving angle, speed, and entry and exit.
具体的，获取公交GPS数据的周期应不低于30s。Specifically, the cycle for obtaining bus GPS data should not be less than 30s.
步骤2：根据公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度；Step 2: According to the bus GPS data, the average bus delivery speed of each section in the bus line is obtained;
具体的，根据公交系统特征和数据结果，公交畅行指数评价选用速度指标。结合公交GPS数据以及已经掌握的GIS数据文件，选取路段公交车平均速度作为基础指标进行计算。为了提高精度，选取计算的最小时间间隔不大于5分钟，本申请以数据采集时间间隔为5分钟为例，即每5分钟计算一次公交车j的平均运送速度。Specifically, according to the characteristics of the public transport system and the data results, the speed index is selected for the evaluation of the public transport smoothness index. Combined with the bus GPS data and the GIS data files that have been mastered, the average speed of the bus on the road section is selected as the basic index for calculation. In order to improve the accuracy, the minimum time interval for calculation is selected to be no more than 5 minutes. In this application, the data collection time interval is 5 minutes as an example, that is, the average delivery speed of bus j is calculated every 5 minutes.
具体的，本申请主要根据公交GPS数据中的运营里程、定位时间对公交车j的平均运送速度进行计算。首先根据GPS数据与GIS(Geographic Information System，地理信息系统)地图数据匹配查询第q个时段内在站点AB区间内公交车j的所有公交GPS数据记录，利用在第q个时段内在站点AB区间内公交车j的所有公交GPS数据计算该公交车j在被测路段k(站点AB内)的平均运送速度：Specifically, this application mainly calculates the average delivery speed of the bus j based on the operating mileage and positioning time in the bus GPS data. First, according to the matching of GPS data and GIS (Geographic Information System, geographic information system) map data, query all the bus GPS data records of bus j in the station AB interval in the qth time period, and use the bus j in the station AB interval in the qth time period Calculate the average transport speed of the bus j on the measured road section k (in the station AB) from all the bus GPS data of the car j:
则在时段q内，被测路段k(站点AB内)的公交平均运送速度为：Then in the time period q, the average transportation speed of the bus in the measured road section k (in the station AB) is:
其中，为被测路段内，公交车j的平均运送速度，单位为km/h，M为通过被测路段的公交车j的速度采集样本数；Sji为公交车j在第i个数据采集时间间隔内驶过的距离，单位为km；t为数据采集时间间隔，单位为h；为被测路段k内的公交平均运送速度，单位为km/h；n为通过被测路段k的公交车样本数。in, is the average delivery speed of bus j in the measured road section, in km/h, M is the number of samples collected from the speed of bus j passing through the tested road section; Sji is the time interval of bus j's i-th data collection The distance traveled within the distance, the unit is km; t is the data collection time interval, the unit is h; is the average transportation speed of the bus in the tested road section k, in km/h; n is the number of bus samples passing through the tested road section k.
步骤3：确定每一路段的最小车辆数，通过指数平滑法对每一公交平均运送速度进行修正，得到新公交平均运送速度；Step 3: Determine the minimum number of vehicles in each road section, and correct the average delivery speed of each bus through the exponential smoothing method to obtain the average delivery speed of the new bus;
具体的，在建立公交运行状况评价系统时，对于给定的道路网络，需要多少辆公交车样本才能提供准确、全面的道路交通信息，是需要解决的重要问题。公交车样本数量既关系到系统的建设和运行成本，也关系到数据采集精度。同时值得注意的是由于公交车有固定的时刻表和发车间隔，所以在某一时间段内某一路段可能没有公交车经过。Specifically, when establishing a bus operation status evaluation system, for a given road network, how many bus samples are needed to provide accurate and comprehensive road traffic information is an important problem that needs to be solved. The number of bus samples is not only related to the construction and operation costs of the system, but also related to the accuracy of data collection. At the same time, it is worth noting that because the bus has a fixed timetable and departure interval, there may be no bus passing by a certain section of the road in a certain period of time.
根据步骤2，可知在某一路段内，n辆公交车的平均运送速度的估计值为显然n越大，该路段的平均运送速度估计值与实际值之间的误差越小，但数据质量要求更高，要求的采样间隔就越小。根据研究表明车辆平均运送速度近似服从正态分布N(v,σ2)，根据数理统计中的抽样定理，n台浮动车在某一路段的平均运送速度服从According to step 2, it can be known that in a certain road section, the estimated average delivery speed of n buses is Obviously, the larger n is, the smaller the error between the estimated average delivery speed of the road segment and the actual value is, but the higher the data quality requirements, the smaller the required sampling interval. According to research, the average transport speed of vehicles approximately obeys the normal distribution N(v,σ2 ), and according to the sampling theorem in mathematical statistics, the average transport speed of n floating vehicles on a certain road section obey
设n台浮动车路段平均运送速度与实际路段平均运送速度的误差小于最大允许误差ε的概率不低于1-α，即：Set the average conveying speed of n floating vehicles The probability that the error with the average transport speed of the actual road section is less than the maximum allowable error ε is not less than 1-α, that is:
由上式可得：It can be obtained from the above formula:
由该式可以看出，单条路段所需要的公交车样本数量是与路段平均速度标准差σ、置信水平1-α及最大允许误差ε相关的变量。It can be seen from this formula that the number of bus samples required for a single road section is a variable related to the standard deviation σ of the average speed of the road section, the confidence level 1-α, and the maximum allowable error ε.
具体的，公交线路的路段可按照以下方法划分：a)将公交站点作为路段端点；b)将道路交叉口作为路段端点；c)路段端点一端为公交站点另一端为道路交叉口。本申请选用将公交站点作为路段端点的划分方法，如将公交线路中相邻公交站点AB的区间划分为其中一条路段。依据GB50220-95，对待评价的城市整体路网或者区域路网分为快速路、主干路、次干路、支路四个等级。快速路是指城市道路中设有中央分隔带，单向设置不少于两条车道，全部采用立体交叉与控制出入，实现交通连续通行的道路；主干路是指在城市道路网中连接城市各主要分区，以交通功能为主的道路；次干路是指城市道路网中的与主干路结合，以集散交通的功能为主、兼有服务功能的道路；支路是指城市道路网中与次干路和居住区、工业区、交通设施等内部道路相连接，解决局部地区服务功能的道路。由于次干路与支路属性相似，运行速度差别不大，而且支路的公交车线路不多，从计算模型整体的适用性出发，本申请将次干路与支路归为同一个等级。这样，本申请在对公交运行状况进行评价过程中，将路网分为三个等级，即快速路、主干路与支路，根据路段的等级计算得到不同的等级路段对应的最小公交车辆数。Specifically, the road sections of the bus line can be divided according to the following methods: a) the bus station is used as the road section endpoint; b) the road intersection is used as the road section endpoint; c) one end of the road section is a bus station and the other end is a road intersection. This application uses the method of dividing the bus station as the end point of the road section, such as dividing the section of the adjacent bus station AB in the bus line into one of the road sections. According to GB50220-95, the city's overall road network or regional road network to be evaluated is divided into four levels: express roads, trunk roads, secondary trunk roads, and branch roads. Expressway refers to the urban road with a central divider, no less than two lanes in one direction, all of which adopt three-dimensional intersection and control access to achieve continuous traffic; trunk road refers to the urban road network that connects all parts of the city. The main divisions are roads with traffic functions as the main function; the secondary trunk roads refer to the roads in the urban road network combined with the main roads, which mainly serve the function of collecting and distributing traffic and also have service functions; Secondary trunk roads are connected with internal roads such as residential areas, industrial areas, and transportation facilities to solve the service functions of local areas. Since the sub-arterial roads and branch roads have similar attributes, there is little difference in operating speed, and there are not many bus lines on the branch roads, starting from the overall applicability of the calculation model, this application classifies the sub-arterial roads and branch roads into the same level. In this way, the present application divides the road network into three grades in the process of evaluating the bus operation status, namely expressway, trunk road and branch road, and calculates the minimum number of bus vehicles corresponding to different grades of road sections according to the grades of the road sections.
进一步的，根据确定的最小公交车辆数可以对利用公交GPS数据计算的速度值进行修正。当某一路段上公交车数量大于需要的最小公交车辆数时，利用GPS数据计算的平均运送速度与实际值的误差较小。当一个计算周期(5分钟)之内，该路段内的公交车数量没有达到最小公交车辆数，此时计算结果可能存在一定的误差。针对这个问题，本申请采用自适应权重的指数平滑方法来计算各个路段的新公交平均运送速度。Further, the speed value calculated using the bus GPS data can be corrected according to the determined minimum number of bus vehicles. When the number of buses on a certain road section is greater than the minimum number of buses required, the error between the average delivery speed calculated using GPS data and the actual value is small. When the number of buses in this section does not reach the minimum number of buses within a calculation period (5 minutes), there may be some errors in the calculation results. To solve this problem, this application adopts an exponential smoothing method with adaptive weights to calculate the average delivery speed of new buses in each section.
指数平滑法是常用的一种处理时序数据的方法。简单的全期平均法是对时间数列的过去数据一个不漏地全部加以同等利用；移动平均法则不考虑较远期的数据，并在加权移动平均法中给予近期资料更大的权重；而指数平滑法则兼容了全期平均和移动平均所长，不舍弃过去的数据，但是仅给予逐渐减弱的影响程度，即随着数据的远离，赋予逐渐收敛为零的权数。指数平滑法是在移动平均法基础上发展起来的一种时间序列分析预测法，它是通过计算指数平滑值，配合一定的时间序列预测模型对现象的未来进行预测。其原理是任一期的指数平滑值都是本期实际观察值与前一期指数平滑值的加权平均。本申请中指数平滑的公式为：Exponential smoothing is a commonly used method for processing time series data. The simple full-period average method uses all the past data of the time series equally; the moving average method does not consider the more distant data, and gives greater weight to the recent data in the weighted moving average method; and the index The smoothing law is compatible with the advantages of the full-period average and the moving average, and does not discard the past data, but only gives a gradually weakening degree of influence, that is, as the data moves away, it gives a weight that gradually converges to zero. The exponential smoothing method is a time series analysis and prediction method developed on the basis of the moving average method. It predicts the future of the phenomenon by calculating the exponential smoothing value and cooperating with a certain time series prediction model. The principle is that the exponential smoothing value of any period is the weighted average of the actual observed value in this period and the exponential smoothing value of the previous period. The formula for exponential smoothing in this application is:
其中为目标时段的平均运送速度，为上一时段的平均运送速度，f(m)为指数平滑指数权重：in is the average shipping speed in the target period, is the average shipping speed in the previous period, and f(m) is the weight of the exponential smoothing index:
其中nj为该目标时段，该路段内的车辆数，nmin是输入的参数值，表示每一种道路上的要求的最小公交车辆数。Among them, nj is the target time period, the number of vehicles in this road section, and nmin is the input parameter value, indicating the minimum number of public transport vehicles required on each road.
可以理解的是，利用指数平滑可以弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，提高数据计算精度，更准确的描述公交车的运行状况。It is understandable that the use of exponential smoothing can make up for the sample size of the bus in the road section with a small number of samples or no bus passing, improve the accuracy of data calculation, and describe the operating status of the bus more accurately.
步骤4：根据所有新公交平均运送速度得到公交线路的平均运送速度；Step 4: Obtain the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all new buses;
具体的，公交车的速度对于公交畅行指数有正负积累效应，正负积累效应是指每个速度对于公交畅行指数都是有影响的，低速产生负效应，这种效应随着低速个数的增加而加强，随着低速个数的减少而减弱；高速产生正效应，这种效应随着高速个数的增加而加强，随着高速个数的减少而减弱。因此可以利用加权计算的方式来处理速度的正负积累效应。各个路段的新公交平均运送速度对公交畅行指数的影响是不同的，依据公交平均运送速度和公交畅行指数的线性关系以及实际情况，对每个路段的新公交平均运送速度添加一个权重。Specifically, the speed of the bus has a positive and negative cumulative effect on the bus traffic index. The positive and negative cumulative effect means that each speed has an impact on the bus traffic index, and the low speed has a negative effect. This effect increases with the number of low speeds. The increase will strengthen, and weaken with the decrease of low-speed number; high-speed produces positive effect, and this effect will be strengthened with the increase of high-speed number, and weakened with the decrease of high-speed number. Therefore, the weighted calculation method can be used to deal with the positive and negative cumulative effects of speed. The average new bus delivery speed of each road section has different effects on the bus flow index. According to the linear relationship between the average bus delivery speed and the bus flow index and the actual situation, a weight is added to the average new bus delivery speed of each section.
具体的，利用公交平均运送速度和指数平滑可以得到某一时段内每个路段的新公交平均运送速度，根据所有路段的新公交平均运送速度就可以计算出一条完整的公交线路的平均运送速度。在计算公交线路的平均运送速度时，根据道路等级给不同的新公交平均运送速度进行加权计算：Specifically, using the average transit speed of buses and exponential smoothing, the average transit speed of new buses in each road segment within a certain period of time can be obtained, and the average transit speed of a complete bus line can be calculated according to the average transit speed of new buses in all road segments. When calculating the average delivery speed of the bus line, the average delivery speed of different new buses is weighted according to the road class:
公交线路的平均运送速度为The average delivery speed of the bus line is
其中m为被测公交线路的路段总数，为不同道路等级的不同路段权重值。Among them, m is the total number of sections of the bus line under test, Different link weight values for different road grades.
不同道路等级的权重值可以根据不同等级的速度范围来确定。这里给出主干道的权重值，如表1所示：The weight values of different road grades can be determined according to the speed ranges of different grades. Here is the weight value of the main road, as shown in Table 1:
表1主干道的速度-权重对应表Table 1 The speed-weight correspondence table of the main road
步骤5：获取公交自由流车速，通过公交线路的平均运送速度和公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比；Step 5: Obtain the free flow speed of the bus, and calculate the proportion of the congested line section through the average delivery speed of the bus line and the free flow speed of the bus;
具体的，公交自由流车速vs作为统一参考值，应定期更新，可通过以下两种方式取值计算公交自由流车速：Specifically, the bus free-flow speed vss is used as a unified reference value and should be updated regularly. The bus free-flow speed can be calculated in the following two ways:
(1)采用小汽车自由流车速的1/α作为公交自由流车速，α宜采用1.5。(1) 1/α of the free-flow speed of cars is used as the free-flow speed of buses, and α should be 1.5.
(2)采用公共汽电车自由流速度，单位为km/h，按如下步骤进行计算：(2) Using the free flow speed of buses and trams, the unit is km/h, and the calculation is carried out according to the following steps:
a)将0:00至24:00按给定时间间隔等分，其间隔长度不超过15分钟；a) Equally divide 0:00 to 24:00 into given time intervals, the length of which does not exceed 15 minutes;
b)计算每一时间间隔的平均行程速度的算术平均值，样本天数应不少于30天；b) Calculate the arithmetic mean of the average travel speed for each time interval, and the number of sample days should not be less than 30 days;
c)将计算出的平均值从大到小排序，取排序结果的第90百分位数，将其结果作为公交自由流速度；c) sort the calculated average values from large to small, take the 90th percentile of the sorted results, and use the result as the bus free-flow speed;
d)当步骤c的计算结果超过道路限速时取限速作为公交自由流车速。d) When the calculation result of step c exceeds the road speed limit, take the speed limit as the bus free-flow speed.
根据上述步骤得到的平均运送速度与公交自由流车速的比值，得到路段/线路平均运送速度比TSRi(n)：；According to the ratio of the average transport speed obtained in the above steps to the bus free-flow speed, the average transport speed ratio TSRi (n) of the section/line is obtained:;
其中TSRi(n)为在第n个时段内，路段/公交线路平均运送速度比；为在第n个时段内公交路段/线路平均运送速度；vs为公交自由流车速；β平均运送速度比值域调整系数，一般为10或100。Among them, TSRi (n) is the average transportation speed ratio of road section/bus line in the nth time period; is the average transportation speed of the bus section/line in the nth time period;vs is the free flow speed of the bus;
根据公交路段/线路平均运送速度比，将公交路段/线路运行状况等级划分为非常慢、较慢、缓行、基本畅通、畅通五个等级。According to the average transport speed ratio of the bus section/line, the operating status of the bus section/line is divided into five grades: very slow, relatively slow, slow, basically smooth, and smooth.
公交路段/线路平均运送速度比与公交路段/线路运行状况等级的对应关系如表2所示：The corresponding relationship between the average transport speed ratio of the bus section/line and the operating status level of the bus section/line is shown in Table 2:
表2公交路段/线路平均运送速度比与运行状况等级的对应关系表Table 2 Correspondence between the average transport speed ratio of the bus section/line and the operating status level
具体的，根据划分出的公交路段/线路运行状况等级计算拥堵线路路段占比，计算拥堵线路路段占比也就是计算测试区域内路段运行状况等级为非常慢以及较慢的路段数量占路段总数的比例，设该比值为P。Specifically, calculate the proportion of congested line sections according to the divided bus sections/line operating status levels, and calculate the proportion of congested line sections in the test area. Ratio, let the ratio be P.
步骤6：将拥堵线路路段占比转换为公交畅行指数。Step 6: Convert the proportion of congested road sections into the public transport smooth flow index.
具体的，将步骤5计算出的拥堵线路路段占比换算成公交畅行指数TRI，具体可以按照以下方式进行转换：Specifically, the proportion of congested road sections calculated in step 5 is converted into the public transport index TRI, which can be converted in the following manner:
当0≤P＜4时，When 0≤P<4,
当4≤P＜8时，When 4≤P<8,
当8≤P＜11时，When 8≤P<11,
当11≤P＜14时，When 11≤P<14,
当14≤P＜100时，When 14≤P<100,
可以理解的是，公交畅行指数是反映公交车运行畅通或者拥堵的概念性数值，本申请将公交畅行指数的取值范围设定为0到10，每相隔两个数作为一个等级，分别对应运行状况等级级别为严重拥堵、中度拥堵、缓行、基本畅行、畅行五个级别，数值越大，说明公交运行越快。拥堵线路路段占比、公交畅行指数与运行状况等级转换关系如表3所示：It can be understood that the bus flow index is a conceptual value reflecting the smooth operation or congestion of the bus. This application sets the value range of the bus flow index from 0 to 10, and every two numbers are regarded as a level, corresponding to the operation The status level is divided into five levels: severe congestion, moderate congestion, slow traffic, basic smooth traffic, and smooth traffic. The larger the value, the faster the bus operation. Table 3 shows the conversion relationship between the proportion of congested road sections, the smooth flow index of public transport and the level of operation status:
表3拥堵线路路段占比、公交畅行指数与运行状况等级转换关系表Table 3 Conversion relationship between the proportion of congested road sections, the smooth flow index of public transport and the level of operation status
本申请提供了一种公交畅行指数获取方法，包括：获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据，其中，公交静态数据包括路段数据及线路数据；根据公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度；确定每一路段的最小车辆数，通过指数平滑法对每一公交平均运送速度进行修正，得到新公交平均运送速度；根据所有新公交平均运送速度得到公交线路的平均运送速度；获取公交自由流车速，通过公交线路的平均运送速度和公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比；将拥堵线路路段占比转换为公交畅行指数。在实际应用中，采用本申请的方案，通过增加影响因素，对路段的平均运送速度进行修正，弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，并根据路段和公交线路的平均运送速度作为基础，计算出拥堵线路路段占比，再根据相应的转换公式将拥堵线路路段占比换算成公交畅行指数，来提高公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性，进而优化公交管理调度工作，为公交运行提速提优，为市民提供更加精确的公交畅行指数。The application provides a method for obtaining a bus smooth running index, comprising: obtaining public bus static data and public bus GPS data, wherein the public bus static data includes road section data and line data; obtaining the average bus transport of each road section in the bus line according to the bus GPS data Speed; determine the minimum number of vehicles for each road section, and correct the average delivery speed of each bus through the exponential smoothing method to obtain the average delivery speed of the new bus; obtain the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all new buses; obtain bus freedom Flow speed, calculate the proportion of congested line sections through the average delivery speed of the bus line and the free flow speed of the bus; convert the proportion of congested line sections into the bus flow index. In practical applications, the scheme of this application is adopted to correct the average transport speed of the road section by increasing the influencing factors to make up for the sample size of the bus sample size in the road section is small or there is no bus passing, and according to the road section and bus The average transportation speed of the line is used as the basis to calculate the proportion of the congested line section, and then convert the proportion of the congested line section into the bus flow index according to the corresponding conversion formula to improve the real-time performance, accuracy and reliability of the bus flow index, and then Optimize bus management and scheduling work, speed up and optimize bus operation, and provide citizens with a more accurate bus smoothness index.
在上述实施例的基础上：On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment:
作为一种优选的实施例，获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据之后，该公交畅行指数获取方法还包括：As a kind of preferred embodiment, after obtaining public transport static data and public transport GPS data, this public transport smooth flow index acquisition method also includes:
判定所有公交GPS数据中是否含有异常GPS数据；Determine whether all bus GPS data contain abnormal GPS data;
若是，对异常GPS数据进行剔除处理和/或补偿处理，得到新公交GPS数据。If so, remove and/or compensate the abnormal GPS data to obtain new bus GPS data.
作为一种优选的实施例，判定公交GPS数据中是否含有异常GPS数据的过程具体为：As a kind of preferred embodiment, the process of judging whether to contain abnormal GPS data in the bus GPS data is specifically:
判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在行程时间小于预设时间的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据；Judging whether there is bus GPS data with travel time less than the preset time in all bus GPS data, if so, judging the bus GPS data as abnormal GPS data;
和/或判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在位置信息错误的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据；And/or judge whether there is the bus GPS data of location information error in all bus GPS data, if so, this bus GPS data is judged as abnormal GPS data;
和/或判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在间断公交GPS数据，若是，将间断公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据。And/or judge whether there is intermittent bus GPS data in all the bus GPS data, if so, determine the intermittent bus GPS data as abnormal GPS data.
具体的，对公交GPS数据进行处理主要包含以下几个步骤：Specifically, processing the bus GPS data mainly includes the following steps:
①剔除错误数据① Eliminate wrong data
在公交GPS数据中，包括一定的错误数据，比如行程时间过短，位置信息不正确等异常GPS数据，在处理前需要进行数据排错工作，将异常GPS数据剔除。The bus GPS data includes certain error data, such as abnormal GPS data such as too short travel time and incorrect location information. Before processing, it is necessary to perform data troubleshooting to remove abnormal GPS data.
②间断信息处理② Intermittent information processing
由于个别路段周围建筑物过高，以及设备本身原因，公交GPS数据会有间断，对于短时间的间断，根据前后公交GPS数据，进行数据弥补；对于长时间的间断，为保证数据质量，须剔除。Due to the high buildings around some road sections and the equipment itself, the bus GPS data will be intermittent. For short-term interruptions, the data will be compensated according to the front and rear bus GPS data; for long-term interruptions, in order to ensure data quality, it must be eliminated. .
作为一种优选的实施例，根据公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度之后，根据所有新公交平均运送速度得到公交线路的平均运送速度之前，该公交畅行指数获取方法还包括：As a preferred embodiment, after obtaining the average delivery speed of buses in each road section in the bus line according to the bus GPS data, before obtaining the average delivery speed of the bus lines according to the average delivery speed of all new buses, the method for obtaining the bus smoothness index also includes :
确定公交线路的各个路段的等级，等级包括快速路路段、主干路路段及次干路路段；Determine the level of each road section of the bus line, including expressway sections, trunk road sections and secondary arterial road sections;
判断任一路段的公交平均运送速度是否大于该路段的等级对应的预设速度阈值，若是，对公交平均运送速度进行平均值计算操作或剔除操作。It is judged whether the average bus transport speed of any road section is greater than the preset speed threshold value corresponding to the level of the road section, and if so, the average value calculation operation or elimination operation is performed on the average bus transport speed.
具体的，公交运送速度需要在一个合理的范围之内，而通过计算得到的公交平均运送速度，会产生一些异常值，速度非常大或者非常小，与实际运行状况不符。这就需要对于一些异常值需要进行处理，对公交线路中各路段设定预设速度阈值，对于超过预设速度阈值的数据进行处理，判断的规则如下：Specifically, the bus transport speed needs to be within a reasonable range, and the average bus transport speed obtained through calculation will produce some abnormal values, the speed is very large or very small, which does not match the actual operating conditions. This requires some outliers to be processed, and a preset speed threshold is set for each section of the bus line. For data exceeding the preset speed threshold, the judgment rules are as follows:
当路段等级为快速路时，公交平均运送速度大于65km/h并小于75km/h的站点间运送速度值，与前一个站点和后一个站点的运送速度数据进行平均值计算，以此值作为此三个站点的公交平均运送速度；When the grade of the section is an expressway, the transportation speed value between the stations whose average transportation speed is greater than 65km/h and less than 75km/h is averaged with the transportation speed data of the previous station and the next station, and this value is used as this value The average delivery speed of the bus at the three stops;
当路段等级为主干路时，公交平均运送速度大于55km/h并小于65km/h的站点间运送速度值，与前一个站点和后一个站点的运送速度数据进行平均值计算，以此值作为此三个站点的公交平均运送速度；When the grade of the road section is a trunk road, the average transportation speed value between the stations whose average transportation speed is greater than 55km/h and less than 65km/h is calculated with the transportation speed data of the previous station and the next station, and this value is used as this value The average delivery speed of the bus at the three stops;
当路段等级为次干路时，公交平均运送速度速度大于45km/h并小于55km/h的站点间运送速度值，与前一个站点和后一个站点的运送速度数据进行平均值计算，以此值作为此三个站点的公交平均运送速度；When the grade of the road section is a secondary trunk road, the transportation speed value between the stations whose average transportation speed is greater than 45km/h and less than 55km/h is calculated as the average value with the transportation speed data of the previous station and the next station, and this value as the average delivery speed of the bus at these three stops;
当快速路路段的公交平均运送速度大于75km/h、主干路路段的公交平均运送速度大于65km/h、次干路路段的公交平均运送速度大于55km/h的数据，全部剔除。When the average bus delivery speed of the expressway section is greater than 75km/h, the average bus delivery speed of the trunk road section is greater than 65km/h, and the average bus delivery speed of the secondary trunk road section is greater than 55km/h, all data are excluded.
综上所述，本申请通过增加影响因素，以及运用数理方法对路段平均运送速度进行修正，弥补路段内公交车样本量较少或者没有公交车通过等情况的样本量，把公交路段/线路的平均运送速度作为基础，通过公交路段/线路的平均运送速度计算出拥堵线路路段占比，再根据相应的转换公式将拥堵线路路段占比换算成公交畅行指数TRI，来提高公交畅行指数的实时性、准确性、可靠性。To sum up, this application increases the influencing factors and uses mathematical methods to correct the average transport speed of the road section, making up for the sample size of the bus in the road section is small or there is no bus passing, etc., and the bus section/line The average transport speed is used as the basis, and the proportion of congested line sections is calculated by the average transport speed of the bus section/line, and then the proportion of congested line sections is converted into the bus traffic index TRI according to the corresponding conversion formula to improve the real-time performance of the bus traffic index , accuracy and reliability.
请参照图2，图2为本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取系统的结构示意图，该公交畅行指数获取系统包括：Please refer to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring a public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application. The system for obtaining a smooth public transport index includes:
数据获取模块1，用于获取公交静态数据和公交GPS数据，其中，公交静态数据包括路段数据及线路数据；The data acquisition module 1 is used to obtain bus static data and bus GPS data, wherein the bus static data includes road section data and line data;
第一计算模块2，用于根据公交GPS数据获取公交线路中每一路段的公交平均运送速度；The first calculation module 2 is used to obtain the bus average delivery speed of each road section in the bus route according to the bus GPS data;
修正模块3，用于确定每一路段的最小车辆数，通过指数平滑法对每一公交平均运送速度进行修正，得到新公交平均运送速度；Correction module 3 is used to determine the minimum number of vehicles for each road section, and corrects the average delivery speed of each bus through the exponential smoothing method to obtain the new bus average delivery speed;
第二计算模块4，用于根据所有新公交平均运送速度得到公交线路的平均运送速度；The second calculation module 4 is used to obtain the average delivery speed of the bus line according to the average delivery speed of all new public transports;
拥堵路段确定模块5，用于获取公交自由流车速，通过公交线路的平均运送速度和公交自由流车速计算拥堵线路路段占比；The congested road section determination module 5 is used to obtain the bus free-flow speed, and calculates the ratio of the congested road section by the average delivery speed of the bus line and the bus free-flow speed;
转换模块6，用于将拥堵线路路段占比转换为公交畅行指数。The conversion module 6 is used to convert the proportion of congested road sections into a public transport smooth flow index.
作为一种优选的实施例，获取公交GPS数据的过程具体为：As a kind of preferred embodiment, the process of obtaining bus GPS data is specifically:
按预设周期获取公交GPS数据。Acquire bus GPS data according to the preset cycle.
作为一种优选的实施例，该公交畅行指数获取系统还包括：As a kind of preferred embodiment, this public transport smooth flow index acquisition system also includes:
第一异常数据判定模块，用于判定所有公交GPS数据中是否含有异常GPS数据，若是，触发第一处理模块；The first abnormal data judging module is used to judge whether all bus GPS data contain abnormal GPS data, if so, trigger the first processing module;
第一处理模块，用于对异常GPS数据进行剔除处理和/或补偿处理，得到新公交GPS数据。The first processing module is used for removing and/or compensating the abnormal GPS data to obtain new bus GPS data.
作为一种优选的实施例，第一异常数据判定模块包括：As a preferred embodiment, the first abnormal data determination module includes:
第一判定单元，用于判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在行程时间小于预设时间的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据；The first judging unit is used to judge whether there is bus GPS data whose travel time is less than the preset time in all bus GPS data, if so, the bus GPS data is judged as abnormal GPS data;
第二判定单元，用于判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在位置信息错误的公交GPS数据，若是，将该公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据；The second judging unit is used to judge whether there is bus GPS data with wrong position information in all bus GPS data, if so, the bus GPS data is judged as abnormal GPS data;
第三判定单元，用于判断所有公交GPS数据中是否存在间断公交GPS数据，若是，将间断公交GPS数据判定为异常GPS数据。The third judging unit is used for judging whether there is intermittent bus GPS data in all the bus GPS data, and if so, judging the intermittent bus GPS data as abnormal GPS data.
作为一种优选的实施例，该公交畅行指数获取系统还包括：As a kind of preferred embodiment, this public transport smooth flow index acquisition system also includes:
路段等级划分模块，用于确定公交线路的各个路段的等级，等级包括快速路路段、主干路路段及次干路路段；Road section grade division module, used to determine the grade of each road section of the bus line, the grade includes expressway sections, trunk road sections and secondary trunk road sections;
第二异常数据判定模块，用于判断任一路段的公交平均运送速度是否大于该路段的等级对应的预设速度阈值，若是，触发第二处理模块；The second abnormal data judging module is used to judge whether the average transportation speed of public transport of any road section is greater than the preset speed threshold value corresponding to the grade of the road section, if so, trigger the second processing module;
第二处理模块，用于对公交平均运送速度进行平均值计算操作或剔除操作。The second processing module is used for calculating the average value or eliminating the average transport speed of the public transport.
作为一种优选的实施例，第二计算模块4具体用于：As a preferred embodiment, the second calculation module 4 is specifically used for:
确定每一路段的权重，根据所有权重及所有新公交平均运送速度得到公交线路的平均运送速度。Determine the weight of each road segment, and get the average delivery speed of the bus line according to all weights and the average delivery speed of all new buses.
作为一种优选的实施例，确定每一路段的权重的过程具体为：As a preferred embodiment, the process of determining the weight of each road section is specifically:
通过任一路段的等级确定该路段的权重。The weight of any road segment is determined by the grade of the road segment.
作为一种优选的实施例，拥堵路段确定模块5具体用于：As a preferred embodiment, the congested section determination module 5 is specifically used for:
计算公交线路的平均运送速度公交自由流车速的比值；Calculate the ratio of the average delivery speed of the bus line to the free-flow speed of the bus;
根据比值确定公交路段/线路的运行状况等级，运行状况等级包括非常慢、较慢、缓行、基本畅通和畅通；Determine the operating status level of the bus section/line according to the ratio, including very slow, slow, slow, basically smooth and smooth;
确定运行状况等级为非常慢和较慢的路段的数量；Determine the number of road segments with a health class of very slow and slower;
根据数量及路段总数计算拥堵线路路段占比。Calculate the proportion of congested line sections based on the number and the total number of sections.
本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取系统，具有和上述公交畅行指数获取方法相同的有益效果。The system for obtaining the public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application has the same beneficial effect as the above method for obtaining the public transport smooth flow index.
对于本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取系统的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。Please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments for the introduction of a system for obtaining a public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application, and the present application will not repeat them here.
相应的，本申请还提供了一种公交畅行指数获取装置，包括：Correspondingly, the application also provides a device for acquiring public transport smooth flow index, including:
存储器，用于存储计算机程序；memory for storing computer programs;
处理器，用于执行所述计算机程序时实现如上文任意一项所述公交畅行指数获取方法的步骤。A processor, configured to implement the steps of the method for obtaining the public transport smooth flow index as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program.
本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取装置，具有和上述公交畅行指数获取方法相同的有益效果。The device for acquiring the public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application has the same beneficial effects as the method for obtaining the public transport smooth flow index.
对于本申请所提供的一种公交畅行指数获取装置的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。For the introduction of the device for obtaining a public transport smooth flow index provided by the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present application will not repeat it here.
还需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should also be noted that in this specification, relative terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations There is no such actual relationship or order between the operations. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910635852.0ACN110363990A (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | A method, system and device for obtaining public transport smooth flow index |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910635852.0ACN110363990A (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | A method, system and device for obtaining public transport smooth flow index |
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| CN110363990Atrue CN110363990A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910635852.0APendingCN110363990A (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | A method, system and device for obtaining public transport smooth flow index |
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| CN117495204B (en)* | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-16 | 济南市城市交通研究中心有限公司 | Urban bus running efficiency evaluation method and system based on data analysis |
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