技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置与方法，属于有色金属冶炼技术领域。The invention relates to a device and method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite, belonging to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting.
背景技术Background technique
现代锌的冶炼方法可分为两大类，即火法炼锌和湿法炼锌。火法炼锌和湿法炼锌都要先将闪锌矿进行焙烧。传统氧化焙烧实验设备维修耗费大且设备维修用时长；焙烧矿物品位低；烟气中SO2的浓度低。国内炼锌企业使用的焙烧炉以鲁奇式沸腾炉为主，沸腾焙烧存在烟尘率高（可达80-90%）、能耗高、污染环境等问题。反射炉焙烧工艺反射炉的热利用率不高、劳动强度大、生产条件差、能耗高。常规的流态化焙烧，在焙烧含硫低矿石时，需要添加煤等燃料、不易低温焙烧。传统焙烧工艺由于物料相对静止不动，外部物料与周围环境进行热交换的同时，物料内部能量过高不能及时传导出来，因此，常常导致内部物料烧结而周边物料未反应完全的现象。本发明采用微波流态化焙烧，解决了传统焙烧工艺存在的焙烧不均匀的问题。此外，微波流态化焙烧操作简便、能耗低、生产效率高、环境友好、产品品位高。Modern zinc smelting methods can be divided into two categories, namely pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyro-method zinc smelting and hydro-method zinc smelting must first roast sphalerite. The maintenance of traditional oxidation roasting experimental equipment is expensive and takes a long time; the grade of roasted minerals is low; the concentration of SO2 in the flue gas is low. Lurgi-type fluidized furnaces are the main roasters used by domestic zinc smelting enterprises. Fluidized roasting has problems such as high smoke and dust rate (up to 80-90%), high energy consumption, and environmental pollution. Reverberatory furnace roasting process The heat utilization rate of the reverberatory furnace is not high, the labor intensity is high, the production conditions are poor, and the energy consumption is high. Conventional fluidized roasting, when roasting low-sulfur ore, needs to add fuel such as coal, which is not easy to roast at low temperature. In the traditional roasting process, because the material is relatively static, while the external material is exchanging heat with the surrounding environment, the internal energy of the material is too high and cannot be transmitted in time. Therefore, it often leads to the phenomenon that the internal material is sintered and the surrounding material is not completely reacted. The invention adopts microwave fluidized roasting, which solves the problem of uneven roasting existing in the traditional roasting process. In addition, microwave fluidized roasting is easy to operate, low in energy consumption, high in production efficiency, friendly to the environment, and high in product quality.
闪锌矿具有较高的介电常数，因此采用微波加热升温速率快、加热效率高。通过微波在物料内部的能量耗散来直接加热物料。由于微波能够选择性的加热有用矿物而不加热脉石矿物，因此物料中介电常数较高的有用矿物如硫化矿和氧化矿会在较短时间内被加热到极高的温度。有用矿物和脉石矿物的吸波特性存在很大的差异，使得矿物结合面产生内应力形成裂纹和裂缝，或是晶体间缝隙扩展变宽，促进矿物单体解离，有利于后续湿法浸出过程中浸出剂的渗入，加强液固反应，使得浸出时间大大缩短，浸出率高。流化反应是一种利用气体或液体通过固体颗粒而使固体颗粒处于悬浮运动状态，并进行气固相反应或液固相反应的过程。流态化焙烧具有节约能源、反应速度快、污染程度低、设备简单，操作简便等优点。Sphalerite has a high dielectric constant, so microwave heating has a fast heating rate and high heating efficiency. The material is directly heated by the energy dissipation of microwaves inside the material. Because microwaves can selectively heat useful minerals without heating gangue minerals, useful minerals with high dielectric constants such as sulfide ore and oxide ore in the material will be heated to extremely high temperatures in a short period of time. The wave-absorbing characteristics of useful minerals and gangue minerals are very different, which causes internal stress to form cracks and cracks on the mineral bonding surface, or the gap between crystals expands and widens, which promotes the dissociation of mineral monomers, which is beneficial to the subsequent wet process. The infiltration of the leaching agent during the leaching process strengthens the liquid-solid reaction, greatly shortening the leaching time and increasing the leaching rate. Fluidization reaction is a process that uses gas or liquid to pass through solid particles to make solid particles in a suspended state, and to carry out gas-solid phase reaction or liquid-solid phase reaction. Fluidized roasting has the advantages of energy saving, fast reaction speed, low pollution level, simple equipment and easy operation.
专利公开号为CN201463542U公开了一种间断式微波沸腾焙烧装置，其微波腔体固定在支撑架上，石英管位于微波腔体中，石英管上部和底部固定密封，炉膛顶部设有加料口、排烟口、热电偶，炉膛底部与微波腔体连通，风室与热风炉连通并与高度可调支架连接，且可随支架的连接部同步上下移动，气体分布板位于石英管底座和风室之间。该设备采用微波沸腾焙烧，无添加剂、助燃剂等辅助燃料，适用范围广，节约能源。但是该设备未设置出料口，因此，焙烧完成后，关闭微波后要先卸下风室与固定脚的连接，然后调整高度可调支架放出烧好的物料，操作繁琐。Patent Publication No. CN201463542U discloses a discontinuous microwave boiling roasting device, the microwave cavity is fixed on the support frame, the quartz tube is located in the microwave cavity, the upper part and the bottom of the quartz tube are fixed and sealed, and the top of the furnace is provided with a feeding port, a row The smoke port, thermocouple, the bottom of the furnace are connected to the microwave cavity, the air chamber is connected to the hot blast stove and connected to the height-adjustable support, and can move up and down synchronously with the connection part of the support. The gas distribution plate is located between the quartz tube base and the air chamber . The equipment adopts microwave boiling roasting, without auxiliary fuels such as additives and combustion aids, and has a wide range of applications and saves energy. However, this equipment is not equipped with a discharge port. Therefore, after the roasting is completed, the connection between the air chamber and the fixed feet must be removed after the microwave is turned off, and then the height-adjustable bracket is adjusted to release the burned material, which is cumbersome to operate.
微波流态化焙烧与传统焙烧方式相比，具有以下特点：（1）选择性加热、加热效率高、升温速率快、整体性加热；（2）清洁无污染、高效低耗；（3）工艺简单、操作简便、随开随停；（4）流态化焙烧，解决焙烧过程中存在的焙烧不均匀的问题；（5）使用微波加热，解决传统焙烧含硫低矿石时，需要添加煤等燃料、不易低温焙烧的问题。Compared with traditional roasting methods, microwave fluidized roasting has the following characteristics: (1) selective heating, high heating efficiency, fast heating rate, and integral heating; (2) clean and pollution-free, high efficiency and low consumption; (3) process Simple, easy to operate, open and stop at any time; (4) Fluidized roasting, to solve the problem of uneven roasting in the roasting process; (5) Using microwave heating, to solve the traditional roasting of low-sulfur ore, need to add coal, etc. Fuel, not easy to roast at low temperature.
本发明使用的闪锌矿为黑色粉末状固体，其中硫含量较高，后续生成产品较困难，所以在生成氧化锌的同时脱除其中的硫含量对后续锌系列产品具有重要的意义。The sphalerite used in the present invention is a black powdery solid with a high sulfur content, which makes it difficult to produce subsequent products. Therefore, removing the sulfur content while producing zinc oxide is of great significance for subsequent zinc series products.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置包括螺旋进料器（1）、微波加热功率控制器（2）、磁控管（3）、保温壁（4） 、流量控制器（5）、保护性气体存储罐（6）、富氧空气存储罐（7）、流量控制器（8）、气体分布板（9）、物料收集器（10）、出料口阀门（11）、汽化冷却排热管（12）、微波炉腔体（13）、排气口（14）、粉尘回收装置（15）、热电偶（16）、测温仪（17）、微波导管（18）、进料斗（19）。其中，流化态微波焙烧装置的微波频率为2450MHz，进料斗（19）连接螺旋进料器（1），螺旋进料器（1）内有螺旋搅拌叶，可将物料连续给入微波炉腔体（13）中。微波炉腔体（13）外设有保温砖（4），用于维持腔体内温度，气体存储罐通过管道与装置底部的通孔连接，气体穿过气体分布板（9）进入微波流化腔体（13），装置一侧连接汽化冷却排热管（12），用于排出多余热量，磁控管（3）通过导线与微波加热功率控制器（2）相连，用于实时调节微波功率，热电偶（16）通过导线与数显测温仪（17）连接，可实时显示闪锌矿的温度，微波导管（18）将微波导入反应腔体中，微波腔体顶部设有排气口（14），烟气经排气口（14）通过管道进入粉尘回收装置（15），微波流化腔体（13）底部连接阀门和出料口（11），调节阀门开关可控制物料出料速度和时间。The device for microwave fluidized roasting sphalerite of the present invention includes a screw feeder (1), a microwave heating power controller (2), a magnetron (3), an insulating wall (4), a flow controller (5), Protective gas storage tank (6), oxygen-enriched air storage tank (7), flow controller (8), gas distribution plate (9), material collector (10), material outlet valve (11), vaporization cooling row Heat pipe (12), microwave oven cavity (13), exhaust port (14), dust recovery device (15), thermocouple (16), thermometer (17), microwave conduit (18), feed hopper (19) ). Among them, the microwave frequency of the fluidized microwave roasting device is 2450MHz, the feeding hopper (19) is connected to the screw feeder (1), and the screw feeder (1) has a spiral stirring blade, which can continuously feed the material into the cavity of the microwave oven body (13). The cavity (13) of the microwave oven is provided with insulation bricks (4) to maintain the temperature in the cavity. The gas storage tank is connected to the through hole at the bottom of the device through a pipe, and the gas enters the microwave fluidization cavity through the gas distribution plate (9) (13), one side of the device is connected to the vaporization cooling heat exhaust pipe (12) to discharge excess heat, the magnetron (3) is connected to the microwave heating power controller (2) through a wire, and is used to adjust the microwave power in real time, and the thermocouple (16) The temperature of sphalerite can be displayed in real time by connecting with the digital display thermometer (17) through wires. The microwave conduit (18) guides microwaves into the reaction chamber, and the top of the microwave chamber is provided with an exhaust port (14) , the flue gas enters the dust recovery device (15) through the exhaust port (14) through the pipe, and the bottom of the microwave fluidization chamber (13) is connected to the valve and the discharge port (11). Adjusting the valve switch can control the material discharge speed and time .
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：流化反应腔体的材质为能全反射微波的材料，如不锈钢。The device for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: the material of the fluidized reaction chamber is a material capable of total reflection of microwaves, such as stainless steel.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：所述微波炉腔体两侧设有均匀的磁控管（可设1~8根），每根磁控管的功率为1.5 kW，共12 kW，磁控管发出的微波通过微波导管导入反应腔体。The device for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that uniform magnetrons (1 to 8 can be set) are arranged on both sides of the cavity of the microwave oven, and the power of each magnetron is 1.5 kW, a total of 12 kW, the microwave emitted by the magnetron is introduced into the reaction chamber through the microwave guide.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：保温壁是由硅酸铝制成的保温材料，保温壁内表面用透波耐火浇注料浇注而成。The device for roasting sphalerite by microwave fluidization is characterized in that: the insulation wall is made of aluminum silicate insulation material, and the inner surface of the insulation wall is cast with wave-transparent refractory castable.
本发明微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿装置可通类似于氮气、氩气等保护性气体。The microwave fluidized roasting sphalerite device of the present invention can pass protective gases such as nitrogen and argon.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：气体分布板由云母片或高纯石英制成。The device for roasting sphalerite in a microwave fluidized state is characterized in that the gas distribution plate is made of mica flakes or high-purity quartz.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：冷却排热管用耐热耐磨材料制造。The device for roasting sphalerite in a microwave fluidized state is characterized in that the cooling heat exhaust pipe is made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant materials.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：热电偶的测温范围为0~1400℃。The device for roasting sphalerite in a microwave fluidized state is characterized in that the temperature range of the thermocouple is 0-1400°C.
一种微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法按以下步骤进行：A method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is carried out in the following steps:
1、将低品位闪锌矿破碎并磨细制成锌矿粉，然后通过进料斗加入螺旋进料器，在螺旋搅拌叶的作用下连续给入微波炉腔体中；1. Crush and grind the low-grade sphalerite to make zinc ore powder, then feed it into the screw feeder through the feeding hopper, and continuously feed it into the cavity of the microwave oven under the action of the screw stirring blade;
2、打开氧化性气体存储罐的阀门，调节气体流量控制器，向反应腔体中通入氧化性气体，经排气口排出，使闪锌矿处于流化状态；2. Open the valve of the oxidizing gas storage tank, adjust the gas flow controller, feed the oxidizing gas into the reaction chamber, and discharge it through the exhaust port, so that the sphalerite is in a fluidized state;
3、开启电源，磁控管发出微波，通过微波加热功率控制器调节微波功率大小，微波通过波导传入微波流化腔体，加热闪锌矿，通过热电偶实时监测闪锌矿温度；3. Turn on the power supply, the magnetron emits microwaves, the microwave power is adjusted by the microwave heating power controller, the microwaves are transmitted into the microwave fluidization cavity through the waveguide, and the sphalerite is heated, and the temperature of the sphalerite is monitored in real time by a thermocouple;
4、当闪锌矿温度升至反应温度后，在谐振腔体中保持设定的温度和时间，进行流化焙烧反应；4. When the sphalerite temperature rises to the reaction temperature, maintain the set temperature and time in the resonant cavity to carry out the fluidized roasting reaction;
5、反应结束后停止通入氧化性气体，关闭微波，待闪锌矿降至室温，打开排料口阀门，物料排出，得到锌焙砂。5. After the reaction, stop feeding the oxidizing gas, turn off the microwave, wait for the sphalerite to cool down to room temperature, open the valve of the discharge port, and discharge the material to obtain zinc calcined sand.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤1中，研磨破碎后的闪锌矿取粒度范围为80~200目为以重量计90%以上，闪锌矿的品位为20~60%。The method for the microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: in the above step 1, the particle size range of the sphalerite after grinding and crushing is 80 to 200 meshes, which is more than 90% by weight, and the sphalerite The grade is 20~60%.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤2中，氧化性气体为氧气含量为25%~28%的富氧空气。The method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: in the above step 2, the oxidizing gas is oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 25% to 28%.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤2中，控制气体流量为1~1.5m3/h。The method for roasting sphalerite in a microwave fluidized state is characterized in that in the above step 2, the gas flow rate is controlled to be 1~1.5m3 /h.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤2中，经排气口排出的气体可回收后送硫酸厂制酸。The method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that in the above step 2, the gas discharged through the exhaust port can be recovered and then sent to a sulfuric acid plant for acid production.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤3中，微波功率为0~12 kW，微波频率为915 MHz 或2450MHz。The method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: in the above step 3, the microwave power is 0-12 kW, and the microwave frequency is 915 MHz or 2450 MHz.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤4中，升温速率为30~100℃/min。The method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: in the above step 4, the heating rate is 30-100°C/min.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的方法，其特征在于：上述步骤4中，微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的温度为800~1100℃，保温时间为3~20min。The method for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: in the above step 4, the temperature of microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is 800-1100° C., and the holding time is 3-20 minutes.
下面将更详细的描述本发明。The present invention will be described in more detail below.
在本发明中，若物料粒度小于80目，则物料颗粒偏大，加入过大的颗粒会发生沉底现象，堵住风帽，不利于闪锌矿流化焙烧，使焙烧不均匀；如果物料粒度大于200目，则物料颗粒偏小，流化剧烈，会使闪锌矿扩散到仪器器件中，损坏仪器。故闪锌矿粒度在80~200目是合理的。In the present invention, if the particle size of the material is less than 80 meshes, the particle size of the material is too large, and the phenomenon of sinking to the bottom will occur when adding too large particles, which will block the air cap, which is not conducive to the fluidized roasting of sphalerite, making the roasting uneven; if the particle size of the material If it is larger than 200 mesh, the material particles will be small and the fluidization will be severe, which will cause the sphalerite to diffuse into the instrument and damage the instrument. Therefore, it is reasonable to have a sphalerite particle size of 80-200 mesh.
所述闪锌矿从微波流化反应腔体的上部进，下部出，通过微波流化反应腔体时被微波加热氧化焙烧。The sphalerite enters from the upper part of the microwave fluidized reaction chamber and exits from the lower part, and is oxidized and roasted by microwave heating when passing through the microwave fluidized reaction chamber.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的空气流量为1.0~1.5 m3/h。增大气流速度，气流紊流度增加，有利于气体扩散。气流速度过低，闪锌矿不能很好地成为流化态。气流速度过高，则会使闪锌矿流化剧烈，不利于闪锌矿焙烧。The air flow rate of the microwave fluidized roasting sphalerite is 1.0-1.5 m3 /h. Increasing the airflow velocity increases the turbulence of the airflow, which is conducive to gas diffusion. If the air velocity is too low, the sphalerite cannot be well fluidized. If the air velocity is too high, the sphalerite will be fluidized violently, which is not conducive to sphalerite roasting.
所述的流态化焙烧闪锌矿增加气流中氧的浓度，有利于O2向ZnS颗粒表面扩散，加速氧化反应。The fluidized roasting of sphalerite increases the concentration of oxygen in the gas flow, which is conducive to the diffusion ofO2 to the surface of ZnS particles and accelerates the oxidation reaction.
所述的流态化焙烧闪锌矿的保温时间，如果保温时间小于3min，则会导致物料未反应完全。如果保温时间大于20min，则物料早已反应完全，过多的时间会造成不必要的能量损耗。因此，微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的最佳时间为3~20min。If the holding time of the fluidized roasted sphalerite is less than 3 minutes, the material will not react completely. If the holding time is longer than 20 minutes, the material has already reacted completely, and too much time will cause unnecessary energy loss. Therefore, the optimal time for microwave fluidized roasting sphalerite is 3~20min.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本方法采用微波直接焙烧闪锌矿制备氧化锌，工艺流程短、操作简单、设备占地面积小、加热过程中不会产生有毒有害物质污染环境；1. This method uses microwaves to directly roast sphalerite to prepare zinc oxide. The process is short, the operation is simple, the equipment occupies a small area, and no toxic and harmful substances will be produced during the heating process to pollute the environment;
2、微波具有独特的“体加热”性质，其加热不是由表及里的传热，而是跟据微波在矿物内部的能量耗散直接加热矿物，使物料整体均匀受热，不产生温度梯度；2. Microwave has a unique "body heating" property. Its heating is not heat transfer from the surface to the inside, but directly heats the mineral according to the energy dissipation of the microwave in the mineral, so that the whole material is evenly heated without generating a temperature gradient;
3、选择性加热物料，加热效率高，升温速率快。当用微波辐照矿物时，因为矿石组成成分不相同，化学性质也就不一样，所以在微波场中的升温速率也就不一样，因此不同的矿物会被加热到不同的温度。微波可以选择性地加热绝大部分有用矿物，不加热脉石矿物，因而可以降低能耗节约成本。3. Selective heating of materials, high heating efficiency and fast heating rate. When microwaves are used to irradiate minerals, because the ore composition is different, the chemical properties are also different, so the heating rate in the microwave field is also different, so different minerals will be heated to different temperatures. Microwaves can selectively heat most of the useful minerals without heating gangue minerals, thus reducing energy consumption and saving costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图一为本发明微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite according to the present invention.
图1中：1、螺旋进料器，2、微波加热功率控制器，3、磁控管，4、保温壁， 5、流量控制器，6、保护性气体存储罐，7、富氧空气存储罐，8、流量控制器,9、气体分布板，10、物料收集器，11、出料口阀门，12、汽化冷却排热管，13、微波炉腔体，14、排气口，15、粉尘回收装置，16、热电偶，17、测温仪，18、微波导管，19、进料斗。 In Fig. 1: 1. Screw feeder, 2. Microwave heating power controller, 3. Magnetron, 4. Insulation wall, 5. Flow controller, 6. Protective gas storage tank, 7. Oxygen-enriched air storage Tank, 8. Flow controller, 9. Gas distribution plate, 10. Material collector, 11. Outlet valve, 12. Vaporization cooling heat exhaust pipe, 13. Microwave oven cavity, 14. Exhaust port, 15. Dust recovery Device, 16, thermocouple, 17, thermometer, 18, microwave conduit, 19, feed hopper.
图 2 是图 1 中的流化床反应器中的气体分布板的局部示意图。Fig. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a gas distribution plate in the fluidized bed reactor in Fig. 1 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将结合具体实施方案，对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
本发明微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置如图1所示，包括螺旋进料器（1）、微波加热功率控制器（2）、磁控管（3）、保温壁（4） 、流量控制器（5）、保护性气体存储罐（6）、富氧空气存储罐（7）、流量控制器（8）、气体分布板（9）、物料收集器（10）、出料口阀门（11）、汽化冷却排热管（12）、微波炉腔体（13）、排气口（14）、粉尘回收装置（15）、热电偶（16）、测温仪（17）、微波导管（18）、进料斗（19）。其中，流化态微波焙烧装置的微波频率为2450MHz，进料斗（19）连接螺旋进料器（1），螺旋进料器（1）内有螺旋搅拌叶，可将物料连续给入微波炉腔体（13）中。微波炉腔体（13）外设有保温砖（4），用于维持腔体内温度，气体存储罐通过管道与装置底部的通孔连接，气体穿过气体分布板（9）进入微波流化腔体（13），装置一侧连接汽化冷却排热管（12），用于排出多余热量，磁控管（3）通过导线与微波加热功率控制器（2）相连，用于实时调节微波功率，热电偶（16）通过导线与数显测温仪（17）连接，可实时显示闪锌矿的温度，微波导管（18）将微波导入反应腔体中，微波腔体顶部设有排气口（14），烟气经排气口（14）通过管道进入粉尘回收装置（15），微波流化腔体（13）底部连接阀门和出料口（11），调节阀门开关可控制物料出料速度和时间。The device for microwave fluidized roasting sphalerite of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, including a screw feeder (1), a microwave heating power controller (2), a magnetron (3), an insulating wall (4), a flow rate Controller (5), protective gas storage tank (6), oxygen-enriched air storage tank (7), flow controller (8), gas distribution plate (9), material collector (10), outlet valve ( 11), vaporization cooling heat exhaust pipe (12), microwave oven cavity (13), exhaust port (14), dust recovery device (15), thermocouple (16), thermometer (17), microwave conduit (18) , feed hopper (19). Among them, the microwave frequency of the fluidized microwave roasting device is 2450MHz, the feeding hopper (19) is connected to the screw feeder (1), and the screw feeder (1) has a spiral stirring blade, which can continuously feed the material into the cavity of the microwave oven body (13). The cavity (13) of the microwave oven is provided with insulation bricks (4) to maintain the temperature in the cavity. The gas storage tank is connected to the through hole at the bottom of the device through a pipe, and the gas enters the microwave fluidization cavity through the gas distribution plate (9) (13), one side of the device is connected to the vaporization cooling heat exhaust pipe (12) to discharge excess heat, the magnetron (3) is connected to the microwave heating power controller (2) through a wire, and is used to adjust the microwave power in real time, and the thermocouple (16) The temperature of sphalerite can be displayed in real time by connecting with the digital display thermometer (17) through wires. The microwave conduit (18) guides microwaves into the reaction chamber, and the top of the microwave chamber is provided with an exhaust port (14) , the flue gas enters the dust recovery device (15) through the exhaust port (14) through the pipe, and the bottom of the microwave fluidization chamber (13) is connected to the valve and the discharge port (11). Adjusting the valve switch can control the material discharge speed and time .
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：所述的反应装置上端开设有连通螺旋进料器的进料口，螺旋进料器内有螺旋搅拌叶，可将物料连续给入微波炉腔体中。The device for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: the upper end of the reaction device is provided with a feed port connected to a screw feeder, and there is a spiral stirring blade in the screw feeder, which can continuously feed the material into the cavity of the microwave oven.
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：所述反应器设有伸入反应腔的热电偶，热电偶通过导线连接数显测温仪，可实时监测闪锌矿温度。The device for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: the reactor is provided with a thermocouple extending into the reaction chamber, and the thermocouple is connected to a digital display thermometer through a wire to monitor the temperature of sphalerite in real time. .
所述的微波流态化焙烧闪锌矿的装置，其特征在于：所述微波炉腔体外设有均匀的磁控管，微波功率为0~12 kW，连续可调。The device for microwave fluidized roasting of sphalerite is characterized in that: a uniform magnetron is arranged outside the cavity of the microwave oven, and the microwave power is 0-12 kW, which is continuously adjustable.
将复杂低品位闪锌矿破碎至粒径为100目的部分占总质量的80%，制成锌矿粉，将锌矿粉由进料口通过螺旋进料器连续给入微波流态化腔体中。The complex low-grade sphalerite is crushed until the particle size is 100 mesh, accounting for 80% of the total mass, and zinc ore powder is made, and the zinc ore powder is continuously fed into the microwave fluidization chamber through the screw feeder from the feed port middle.
打开氧化性气体存储罐的阀门，向反应腔体中通入26%的富氧空气，调节气体流量控制器，将空气流量控制在1m3/h，经排气口排出，使闪锌矿处于流化状态。Open the valve of the oxidizing gas storage tank, feed 26% oxygen-enriched air into the reaction chamber, adjust the gas flow controller, control the air flow at 1m3 /h, and discharge it through the exhaust port, so that the sphalerite is in the fluidized state.
开启电源，磁控管发出微波，通过微波加热功率控制器调节微波功率为6 kW，微波频率为2450MHz，微波通过波导传入微波流化腔体，加热闪锌矿，通过热电偶实时监测闪锌矿温度。Turn on the power, the magnetron emits microwaves, the microwave power is adjusted to 6 kW by the microwave heating power controller, and the microwave frequency is 2450MHz. mine temperature.
控制升温速率为60℃/min，当闪锌矿温度升至900℃后，在谐振腔体中流化焙烧3min。Control the heating rate to 60°C/min, and when the temperature of sphalerite rises to 900°C, it is fluidized and roasted in the resonant cavity for 3min.
反应结束后停止通入氧化性气体，关闭微波，待闪锌矿降至室温，打开排料口阀门，物料排出，得到锌焙砂，闪锌矿焙烧的脱硫率可达85%以上。After the reaction, stop feeding the oxidizing gas, turn off the microwave, wait for the sphalerite to drop to room temperature, open the discharge port valve, and discharge the material to obtain zinc calcined sand. The desulfurization rate of sphalerite roasting can reach more than 85%.
实施例2Example 2
装置结构同实施例1。The structure of the device is the same as in Example 1.
将复杂低品位闪锌矿破碎至粒径为150目的部分占总质量的80%，制成锌矿粉，将锌矿粉由进料口通过螺旋进料器连续给入微波流态化腔体中。The complex low-grade sphalerite is crushed until the particle size is 150 mesh, accounting for 80% of the total mass, and zinc ore powder is made, and the zinc ore powder is continuously fed into the microwave fluidization chamber through the screw feeder from the feed port middle.
打开氧化性气体存储罐的阀门，向反应腔体中通入27%的富氧空气，调节气体流量控制器，将空气流量控制在1.2m3/h，经排气口排出，使闪锌矿处于流化状态。Open the valve of the oxidizing gas storage tank, feed 27% oxygen-enriched air into the reaction chamber, adjust the gas flow controller, control the air flow at 1.2m3 /h, and discharge it through the exhaust port to make the sphalerite in a fluidized state.
开启电源，磁控管发出微波，通过微波加热功率控制器调节微波功率为9kW，微波频率为2450MHz，微波通过波导传入微波流化腔体，加热闪锌矿，通过热电偶实时监测闪锌矿温度。Turn on the power, the magnetron emits microwaves, the microwave power is adjusted to 9kW by the microwave heating power controller, and the microwave frequency is 2450MHz. The microwaves are transmitted into the microwave fluidization cavity through the waveguide to heat the sphalerite. temperature.
控制升温速率为80℃/min，当闪锌矿温度升至1000℃后，在谐振腔体中流化焙烧10min。Control the heating rate to 80°C/min, and when the temperature of sphalerite rises to 1000°C, it is fluidized and roasted in the resonant cavity for 10min.
反应结束后停止通入氧化性气体，关闭微波，待闪锌矿降至室温，打开排料口阀门，物料排出，得到锌焙砂，闪锌矿焙烧的脱硫率可达90%以上。After the reaction, stop feeding the oxidizing gas, turn off the microwave, wait for the sphalerite to drop to room temperature, open the discharge port valve, and discharge the material to obtain zinc calcined sand. The desulfurization rate of sphalerite roasting can reach more than 90%.
实施例3Example 3
装置结构同实施例1。The structure of the device is the same as in Example 1.
将复杂低品位闪锌矿破碎至粒径为200目的部分占总质量的80%，制成锌矿粉，将锌矿粉由进料口通过螺旋进料器连续给入微波流态化腔体中。The complex low-grade sphalerite is crushed until the particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 80% of the total mass, and zinc ore powder is made, and the zinc ore powder is continuously fed into the microwave fluidization chamber through the screw feeder from the feeding port middle.
打开氧化性气体存储罐的阀门，向反应腔体中通入28%的富氧空气，调节气体流量控制器，将空气流量控制在1.5m3/h，经排气口排出，使闪锌矿处于流化状态。Open the valve of the oxidizing gas storage tank, feed 28% oxygen-enriched air into the reaction chamber, adjust the gas flow controller, control the air flow at 1.5m3 /h, and discharge it through the exhaust port to make the sphalerite in a fluidized state.
开启电源，磁控管发出微波，通过微波加热功率控制器调节微波功率为9 kW，微波频率为2450MHz，微波通过波导传入微波流化腔体，加热闪锌矿，通过热电偶实时监测闪锌矿温度。Turn on the power, the magnetron emits microwaves, the microwave power is adjusted to 9 kW by the microwave heating power controller, and the microwave frequency is 2450MHz. mine temperature.
从室温以60℃/min速率快速升温至1100℃，达到微波加热温度后，保温20min。Rapidly raise the temperature from room temperature to 1100°C at a rate of 60°C/min, and keep warm for 20 minutes after reaching the microwave heating temperature.
反应结束后停止通入氧化性气体，关闭微波，待闪锌矿降至室温，打开排料口阀门，物料排出，得到锌焙砂，闪锌矿焙烧的脱硫率可达90%以上。After the reaction, stop feeding the oxidizing gas, turn off the microwave, wait for the sphalerite to drop to room temperature, open the discharge port valve, and discharge the material to obtain zinc calcined sand. The desulfurization rate of sphalerite roasting can reach more than 90%.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910307101.6ACN110317946A (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | A kind of apparatus and method of microwave fluosolids roasting zincblende |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910307101.6ACN110317946A (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | A kind of apparatus and method of microwave fluosolids roasting zincblende |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110317946Atrue CN110317946A (en) | 2019-10-11 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910307101.6APendingCN110317946A (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2019-04-17 | A kind of apparatus and method of microwave fluosolids roasting zincblende |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110317946A (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111495281A (en)* | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 河南理工大学 | Coal-series kaolin pulsating fluidization calcining and surface modification integrated device and method |
| CN111855902A (en)* | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
| CN113699372A (en)* | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-26 | 长江师范学院 | Microwave ultrasonic fluidization collaborative leaching device and operation method thereof |
| CN113908789A (en)* | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-11 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Pyrolysis reactor |
| CN115747488A (en)* | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-07 | 东北大学 | A Vanadium Shale Microwave Suspension Roasting-Alkali Ripening Vanadium Extraction System and Its Vanadium Extraction Method |
| CN115821067A (en)* | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for producing vanadium slag by refining vanadium-removing mud and slurry evaporation furnace |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1413911A (en)* | 2002-09-30 | 2003-04-30 | 吴晓东 | Process for preparing high-purity Nano-class zinc oxide |
| US20060266636A1 (en)* | 2002-12-23 | 2006-11-30 | Michael Stroder | Treatment of granular solids in an annular fluidized bed with microwaves |
| JP2008249189A (en)* | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Nippon Spindle Mfg Co Ltd | Dust disposal device |
| CN108950182A (en)* | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of microwave compound roasting zinc sulfide concentrates |
| CN109055728A (en)* | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of microwave-fluosolids roasting device handling Refractory iron ore stone |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1413911A (en)* | 2002-09-30 | 2003-04-30 | 吴晓东 | Process for preparing high-purity Nano-class zinc oxide |
| US20060266636A1 (en)* | 2002-12-23 | 2006-11-30 | Michael Stroder | Treatment of granular solids in an annular fluidized bed with microwaves |
| JP2008249189A (en)* | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Nippon Spindle Mfg Co Ltd | Dust disposal device |
| CN108950182A (en)* | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of microwave compound roasting zinc sulfide concentrates |
| CN109055728A (en)* | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of microwave-fluosolids roasting device handling Refractory iron ore stone |
| Title |
|---|
| GUO LIN等: "Dielectric Characterizations and Microwave Heating Behavior of Zinc Compound in Microwave Field", ARAB J SCI ENG, pages 2329 - 2338* |
| K・E・哈克, 何树华: "矿物处理过程中的微波能量", 国外金属矿选矿, no. 01, pages 18 - 27* |
| 李国建主编: "《固体废物处理与资源化工程》", 31 March 2001, 北京：高等教育出版社, pages: 53 - 54* |
| 李正要主编: "《矿物化学处理》", 31 May 2015, 北京：冶金工业出版社, pages: 32 - 33* |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111495281A (en)* | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-07 | 河南理工大学 | Coal-series kaolin pulsating fluidization calcining and surface modification integrated device and method |
| CN111495281B (en)* | 2020-04-29 | 2022-07-08 | 河南理工大学 | Coal-series kaolin pulsating fluidization calcining and surface modification integrated device and method |
| CN111855902A (en)* | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
| CN111855902B (en)* | 2020-06-28 | 2021-05-14 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
| CN113908789A (en)* | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-11 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Pyrolysis reactor |
| CN113908789B (en)* | 2020-07-09 | 2023-06-30 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Pyrolysis reactor |
| CN113699372A (en)* | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-26 | 长江师范学院 | Microwave ultrasonic fluidization collaborative leaching device and operation method thereof |
| CN115747488A (en)* | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-07 | 东北大学 | A Vanadium Shale Microwave Suspension Roasting-Alkali Ripening Vanadium Extraction System and Its Vanadium Extraction Method |
| CN115821067A (en)* | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for producing vanadium slag by refining vanadium-removing mud and slurry evaporation furnace |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110317946A (en) | A kind of apparatus and method of microwave fluosolids roasting zincblende | |
| CN101413056B (en) | Manganese ore reduction calcination method and apparatus | |
| CN110396592B (en) | Method and device for baking lithium salt by using spontaneous combustion of lithium ore as heat source | |
| WO2018049718A9 (en) | Environmentally-friendly high-temperature gas-solid reaction blast furnace with high efficiency and low energy consumption, and production technique therefor | |
| CN107043635A (en) | A kind of device for being used to be pyrolyzed, gasify, bakee or dry | |
| CN102320715A (en) | Presintering treatment process of glass batch and device thereof | |
| CN103468930A (en) | Method and device for preparing nickel iron roasted ore by utilizing lateritic nickel ore | |
| CN107265890A (en) | Magnesite light calcined magnesia and dead burned magnesia production line integrated equipment and method | |
| CN104567370B (en) | A kind of microwave double helix tubular type stove and utilize this microwave double helix tubular type stove to combine the method for preparing manganeisen with mineral hot furnace | |
| CN108642303A (en) | A kind of vacuum smelting method of zinc oxide ore | |
| CN201250266Y (en) | Gold concentrate sulfating fluosolid roaster | |
| WO2025077072A1 (en) | Smelting device and method for preparing iron alloy by direct reduction | |
| CN106440802A (en) | High-efficiency environment-friendly microwave gas-solid reaction air blowing furnace and production method thereof | |
| CN106152785A (en) | The heating furnace of a kind of Ore microwave treatment and using method thereof | |
| CN103233088B (en) | Method for washing accumulated carbon under non-vacuum conditions | |
| CN217202884U (en) | A device for recovering antimony oxide by microwave blasting combined roasting of medium and low grade antimony sulfide | |
| CN205990416U (en) | A kind of utilization body of heater fume afterheat the system of high efficiente callback iron-containing resource | |
| CN206724719U (en) | A kind of microwave fluosolids roasting device | |
| CN101177729B (en) | Method for reducing elemental substance of metal ore and reduction roasting equipment specially designed for this method | |
| CN109052997A (en) | Fixed bed-fluidized bed multithread state preparation high activity light calcined magnesia method | |
| CN214747299U (en) | Device for producing mineral admixture by using coal gangue | |
| US2070235A (en) | Production of sulphur dioxide | |
| CN103468931A (en) | Microwave roasting equipment | |
| CN203559101U (en) | Microwave roasting device | |
| CN101830709A (en) | Process method for roasting vanadium pentoxide |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20191011 | |
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |