CN110289491A - A Low Sidelobe High Gain Cubic-Mode Squeezed Dipole Antenna Loaded with a Bending Line - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，其压缩系数K≈2.041，包括直线型偶极子，该直线型偶极子的中部形成有对称布置的第一组弯折线结构，在所述第一组弯折线结构2的外侧形成对称布置的第二组弯折线结构，共形成四个弯折线结构，并左右对称。本发明通过加载弯折线，实现低副瓣高增益的三次模压缩偶极子,加载弯折线后，增益为5.07dBi.偶极子天线的副瓣为‑16.13dB。

The invention discloses a low-sidelobe high-gain cubic-mode compression dipole antenna loaded with a bent line. The compression coefficient K≈2.041 includes a linear dipole, and a symmetrically arranged first dipole is formed in the middle of the linear dipole. A set of bending line structures forms a second set of bending line structures arranged symmetrically outside the first set of bending line structures 2 , forming four bending line structures in total, which are left-right symmetrical. The present invention realizes a third-mode compressed dipole with low sidelobe and high gain by loading the meander line. After loading the meander line, the gain is 5.07dBi. The sidelobe of the dipole antenna is -16.13dB.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线A Low Sidelobe High Gain Cubic-Mode Squeezed Dipole Antenna Loaded with a Bending Line

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及天线技术领域，特别是涉及一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线。The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a low-sidelobe high-gain triple-mode compressed dipole antenna loaded with bent lines.

背景技术Background technique

天线是无线通信系统中重要的一环，天线性能将直接影响到通信系统的品质。偶极子天线是在19世纪80年代由赫兹提出的[1](Balanis C A.Antenna theory:analysisand design[M].John wiley&sons,2016.)，是最基础也是应用最为广泛的天线单元，其自身以及由其组成的八木-宇田天线、对数周期天线等广泛应用于各种无线通信系统中。为了避免低增益，传统的偶极子天线几乎都是非压缩基模谐振，增益只有2.15dBi.2017年,在文献[2](Yu Luo,Zhi Ning Chen.Compressed dipoles resonating at higher-ordermodes with enhanced directivity[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas andPropagation.2017,65(11):5697-5701.)中提出了高次压缩模式的偶极子，使偶极子的增益增长75％，即增长到4.6dBi.但是该文中的偶极子天线仅仅是一个直线型偶极子天线，副瓣约为-3dB。The antenna is an important link in the wireless communication system, and the performance of the antenna will directly affect the quality of the communication system. The dipole antenna was proposed by Hertz in the 1880s [1] (Balanis C A. Antenna theory: analysis and design [M]. John wiley & sons, 2016.), it is the most basic and most widely used antenna unit, its It itself and the Yagi-Uda antenna and log-periodic antenna composed of it are widely used in various wireless communication systems. In order to avoid low gain, traditional dipole antennas are almost all uncompressed fundamental mode resonances, with a gain of only 2.15dBi. In 2017, in the literature [2] (Yu Luo, Zhi Ning Chen. Compressed dipoles resonating at higher-ordermodes with enhanced directivity [J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.2017,65(11):5697-5701.) proposed a dipole in the high-order compression mode, which increased the gain of the dipole by 75%, that is, increased to 4.6dBi. But the dipole antenna in this article is just a linear dipole antenna with a sidelobe of about -3dB.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是针对现有技术中存在的技术缺陷，而提供一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，通过加载弯折线来降低副瓣。The purpose of the present invention is to address the technical defects in the prior art, and provide a low-sidelobe high-gain triple-mode compressed dipole antenna loaded with a meander line, which reduces the sidelobe by loading the meander line.

为实现本发明的目的所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the present invention is:

一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，其压缩系数K≈2.041，包括直线型偶极子，该直线型偶极子的中部形成有对称布置的第一组弯折线结构，在所述第一组弯折线结构2的外侧形成对称布置的第二组弯折线结构，共形成四个弯折线结构，并左右对称。A low-sidelobe high-gain cubic-mode compression dipole antenna loaded with a bent line, the compression coefficient K≈2.041, including a linear dipole, the middle of which is formed with a symmetrically arranged first group of bends The fold line structure forms a second set of bend line structures arranged symmetrically outside the first set of bend line structures 2 , forming four bend line structures in total, which are left-right symmetrical.

优选的，四个弯折线的总长度为偶极子臂长度的六分之一，所述偶极子的一个臂上的两个弯折线之间的距离为偶极子臂长度的四分之一，电长度为0.735。Preferably, the total length of the four bending lines is 1/6 of the length of the dipole arm, and the distance between the two bending lines on one arm of the dipole is 1/4 of the length of the dipole arm One, the electrical length is 0.735.

其中，所述偶极子的两个臂和四个弯折线分别印刷在相对介电常数为11.2的微带基片上，偶极子由阶梯微带线和渐变地板馈电。Wherein, the two arms of the dipole and the four bending lines are respectively printed on the microstrip substrate with a relative permittivity of 11.2, and the dipole is fed by the stepped microstrip line and the gradient floor.

与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

本发明通过加载弯折线，实现低副瓣高增益的三次模压缩偶极子,加载弯折线后，增益为5.07dBi.副瓣为-16.13dB。The present invention realizes a third-mode compressed dipole with low sidelobe and high gain by loading the bent line, and after loading the bent line, the gain is 5.07dBi and the sidelobe is -16.13dB.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为加载弯折线的偶极子天线结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a dipole antenna loaded with a bent line;

图2为完整的加载弯折线的偶极子天线结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a complete dipole antenna loaded with a bent line;

图3为非压缩偶极子和压缩偶极子在不同谐振模式下的尺寸示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the size of an uncompressed dipole and a compressed dipole in different resonance modes;

图4为文献[2]中提出的偶极子天线的E面方向图；Fig. 4 is the E plane pattern of the dipole antenna proposed in the literature [2];

图5为本发明提出的三次模式压缩偶极子天线的E面方向图。FIG. 5 is an E-plane pattern of the cubic mode compression dipole antenna proposed by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

在自由空间中，当偶极子长度为半波长整数倍的时候，偶极子谐振。而在偶极子周围加载介质的时候，偶极子的谐振长度会被压缩，把压缩系数定义为K。根据偶极子基础知识，对于非压缩(K≈1)的高次谐振模式偶极子，副瓣远大于主瓣，进而导致偶极子主瓣增益较低。在加载高介电常数的介质以后，偶极子长度被压缩，主瓣宽度变大，增益降低。因此，传统偶极子天线都是基模谐振且K接近于1。In free space, a dipole resonates when its length is an integer multiple of half the wavelength. When the medium is loaded around the dipole, the resonance length of the dipole will be compressed, and the compression factor is defined as K. According to the basic knowledge of dipoles, for a non-compressed (K≈1) high-order resonant mode dipole, the side lobe is much larger than the main lobe, which leads to a lower gain of the dipole main lobe. After the medium with high dielectric constant is loaded, the length of the dipole is compressed, the width of the main lobe becomes larger, and the gain decreases. Therefore, traditional dipole antennas are all fundamental-mode resonant and K is close to 1.

本发明子天线是一种压缩系数K≈2.041的三次模式偶极子天线，如图3所示，基模谐振时偶极子上电流方向一致，三次模谐振时电流流向改变两次。相比于K＝1，K>1时偶极子臂的长度明显减少，偶极子天线的尺寸也相应减小。随着K值的增大，偶极子增益会达到峰值，副瓣不断降低。因此选取了一个合适的压缩系数，即K≈2.041，来获得较小的副瓣和较大的增益。The sub-antenna of the present invention is a three-mode dipole antenna with a compression coefficient K≈2.041. As shown in FIG. 3 , the current direction on the dipole is consistent when the fundamental mode resonates, and the current flow direction changes twice when the three-mode resonates. Compared with K=1, when K>1, the length of the dipole arm is obviously reduced, and the size of the dipole antenna is correspondingly reduced. As the value of K increases, the dipole gain will reach a peak and the sidelobe will decrease continuously. Therefore, an appropriate compression factor, namely K≈2.041, is chosen to obtain smaller sidelobes and larger gains.

为了与压缩系数相比配，使用加载弯折线的偶极子天线。如图1所示，本发明压缩系数K≈2.041的加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，包括直线型偶极子1，该直线型偶极子1的中部形成有对称布置的第一组弯折线结构2，在所述第一组弯折线结构2的外侧形成对称布置的第二组弯折线结构3，共形成4个弯折线结构，并左右对称。通过设置四个弯折线结构，降低了副瓣。To match the compressibility factor, a dipole antenna loaded with a meander wire is used. As shown in Figure 1, the low-sidelobe high-gain triple-mode compression dipole antenna of the present invention, which is loaded with a compression coefficient K≈2.041, includes a linear dipole 1, and the middle part of the linear dipole 1 is formed with The symmetrically arranged first group of bending line structures 2 forms a symmetrically arranged second group of bending line structures 3 outside the first group of bending line structures 2, forming a total of four bending line structures, which are left-right symmetrical. By setting four bending line structures, side lobes are reduced.

如图2所示，具体的，第一组弯折线结构2包括第一弯折线52、第二弯折线53，第二组弯折线结构3包括第三弯折线51、第四弯折线54，四个弯折线的总长度为偶极子臂长度的六分之一，第三弯折线51与第一弯折线52之间的距离为偶极子臂长度的四分之一，电长度为0.735。As shown in FIG. 2, specifically, the first group of bending line structures 2 includes a first bending line 52 and a second bending line 53, and the second group of bending line structures 3 includes a third bending line 51 and a fourth bending line 54. The total length of the first bending line is 1/6 of the length of the dipole arm, the distance between the third bending line 51 and the first bending line 52 is 1/4 of the length of the dipole arm, and the electrical length is 0.735.

优选的，所述第一弯折线52、第二弯折线53结构相同，所述第三弯折线51、第四弯折线54结构相同，均呈S形状走势折弯，且折弯后弯折线两侧相对于直线型偶极子1呈两侧向外凸出的矩形内侧开口结构，更为优选的，所述第三弯折线51、第四弯折线54的外凸出高度小于第一弯折线52、第二弯折线53外凸出高度，为一弯折线52、第二弯折线53外凸出高度的四分之一高。Preferably, the first bending line 52 and the second bending line 53 have the same structure, the third bending line 51 and the fourth bending line 54 have the same structure, and they are all bent in an S shape, and after bending, the bending lines are two Relative to the linear dipole 1, it is a rectangular inner opening structure with both sides protruding outward. More preferably, the outer protrusion height of the third bending line 51 and the fourth bending line 54 is smaller than that of the first bending line 52. The outer protrusion height of the second bending line 53 is a quarter of the outer protrusion height of the first bending line 52 and the second bending line 53 .

如图2所示，偶极子的两个对称臂，即第一臂41,第二臂42和四个弯折线分别印刷在相对介电常数为11.2的微带基片8上，偶极子由阶梯微带线7和渐变地板6馈电。相比没加载弯折线偶极子天线的副瓣，在加载弯折线后副瓣降至-16.13dB，增益为5.07dBi.As shown in Figure 2, two symmetrical arms of dipole, i.e. first arm 41, second arm 42 and four bending lines are printed on the microstrip substrate 8 that relative permittivity is 11.2 respectively, dipole It is fed by stepped microstrip line 7 and gradient floor 6. Compared with the side lobe without the meander line dipole antenna loaded, the side lobe drops to -16.13dB after the meander line is loaded, and the gain is 5.07dBi.

加载弯折线后，增益为5.07dBi.如图4所示，文献[2]中的副瓣约为-3dB，而本发明所设计出的偶极子天线的副瓣为-16.13dB，如图5所示。After loading the bent line, the gain is 5.07dBi. As shown in Figure 4, the sidelobe in the document [2] is about-3dB, and the sidelobe of the dipole antenna designed by the present invention is-16.13dB, as shown in Fig. 5.

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，其特征在于，其压缩系数K≈2.041，包括直线型偶极子，该直线型偶极子的中部形成有对称布置的第一组弯折线结构，在所述第一组弯折线结构2的外侧形成对称布置的第二组弯折线结构，共形成四个弯折线结构，并左右对称。1. A low-sidelobe high-gain triple-mode compression dipole antenna loaded with a bent line, characterized in that its compression coefficient K≈2.041 includes a linear dipole, and the middle part of the linear dipole forms a symmetrical The arrangement of the first set of bending line structures forms a symmetrically arranged second set of bending line structures outside the first set of bending line structures 2 , forming four bending line structures in total, which are left-right symmetrical.2.根据权利要求1所述加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，其特征在于，四个弯折线的总长度为偶极子臂长度的六分之一，所述偶极子的一个臂上的两个弯折线之间的距离为偶极子臂长度的四分之一，电长度为0.735。2. according to claim 1, the low side lobe high gain triple mode compression dipole antenna of the loaded meander line is characterized in that the total length of the four meander lines is 1/6 of the dipole arm length, and the The distance between the two bent lines on one arm of the dipole is a quarter of the length of the dipole arm, and the electrical length is 0.735.3.根据权利要求1所述加载弯折线的低副瓣高增益三次模压缩偶极子天线，其特征在于，所述偶极子的两个臂和四个弯折线分别印刷在相对介电常数为11.2的微带基片上，偶极子由阶梯微带线和渐变地板馈电。3. according to claim 1, the low-sidelobe high-gain triple mode compression dipole antenna of loading bent line, is characterized in that, two arms of described dipole and four bent lines are printed on relative permittivity respectively On the microstrip substrate of 11.2, the dipole is fed by the stepped microstrip line and the gradient floor.