技术领域technical field
本发明涉及混凝土，特别涉及一种PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土及其制备方法。The invention relates to concrete, in particular to a PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
汽车工业的迅速发展使得废旧轮胎所带来的回收和处理问题日益突出。废旧轮胎是固体废弃物的一种，被称为“黑色污染”，其回收和处理技术一直是世界性难题，也是环境保护的难题。将废旧橡胶颗粒作为骨料用于水泥混凝土材料是一种资源节约、环境友好的利用途径，不但能够大量利用废旧橡胶，而且为解决混凝土固有的脆性问题提供了新的方法。与沥青混凝土相比，橡胶混凝土刚度、强度明显高于前者，并且疲劳寿命长、耐水性好、抗冻性和抗滑性优良、抗腐蚀性能强，稳定性也比较好，更适合于繁重交通的路面和机场跑道，具有更广的应用范围。与传统混凝土相比，橡胶混凝土具有重量轻、韧性高、能量吸收多、抗裂性优越、隔音、隔热、抗震能力强的特点。这些特点使橡胶混凝土可广泛应用于建筑工程领域。但是，目前所有的试验研究均表明，掺加橡胶粒子会显著降低水泥基材料的强度。如何实现水泥基材料的抗裂、增韧而又不致对强度有明显的负面影响成为在混凝土中应用橡胶粒子的技术关键。The rapid development of the automobile industry makes the recycling and disposal of waste tires increasingly prominent. Waste tires are a kind of solid waste, known as "black pollution". Its recycling and processing technology has always been a worldwide problem, and it is also a problem for environmental protection. The use of waste rubber particles as aggregates in cement concrete materials is a resource-saving and environmentally friendly utilization approach, which can not only utilize waste rubber in large quantities, but also provides a new method for solving the inherent brittleness problem of concrete. Compared with asphalt concrete, rubber concrete has significantly higher stiffness and strength than the former, and has long fatigue life, good water resistance, excellent frost resistance and skid resistance, strong corrosion resistance, and good stability, making it more suitable for heavy traffic. of road surfaces and airport runways, with a wider range of applications. Compared with traditional concrete, rubberized concrete has the characteristics of light weight, high toughness, more energy absorption, superior crack resistance, sound insulation, heat insulation, and strong earthquake resistance. These characteristics make rubber concrete can be widely used in the field of construction engineering. However, all current experimental studies have shown that the addition of rubber particles significantly reduces the strength of cement-based materials. How to achieve crack resistance and toughening of cement-based materials without obvious negative impact on strength has become the technical key to the application of rubber particles in concrete.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是针对现有的橡胶混凝土的强度降低问题，提供一种PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土及其制备方法。本发明利用PVA的桥接特性改善橡胶混凝土的界面性质同时用PVA纤维的特性改善橡胶混凝土抗弯变形能力，提高橡胶混凝土的力学性能，从而改善橡胶混凝土的性能，可以在降低强度损失、提高韧性、防裂抗渗、提高耐久性等方面发挥作用，从而制成的高性能混凝土。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and a preparation method thereof in view of the problem of reducing the strength of the existing rubber concrete. The invention utilizes the bridging properties of PVA to improve the interface properties of the rubber concrete, and at the same time, uses the properties of the PVA fibers to improve the flexural deformation resistance of the rubber concrete and the mechanical properties of the rubber concrete, thereby improving the properties of the rubber concrete. Anti-cracking and impermeability, improve durability, etc., so as to make high-performance concrete.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土，包括水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂；所述水泥的用量为400kg/m3混凝土～500kg/m3混凝土，所述细骨料的用量为600kg/m3混凝土～800kg/m3混凝土，所述粗骨料的用量为800kg/m3混凝土～1000kg/m3混凝土，所述橡胶颗粒的用量为所述细骨料用量的10％～30％，所述硅灰的用量为所述水泥用量的0％～10％，所述膨胀剂的用量为所述水泥用量的0％～10％，所述PVA粉末的用量为水泥用量的0.15％～0.25％，所述PVA纤维的用量为所述水泥用量的0.5％～2％，所述水的用量为所述水泥用量的30％～50％，所述减水剂的用量为所述水泥用量的0.5％～2.0％，将所述水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂混合制成表观密度为2300kg/m3～2400kg/m3的混凝土。The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete, comprising cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, rubber particles, silica fume, expansion agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and Water reducing agent; the dosage of the cement is 400kg/m3 concrete～500kg/m3 concrete, the dosage of the fine aggregate is 600kg/m3 concrete～800kg/m3 concrete, the dosage of the coarse aggregate is 800kg/m3 concrete～1000kg/m3 concrete, the dosage of the rubber particles is 10%～30% of the dosage of the fine aggregate, the dosage of the silica fume is 0%～10% of the dosage of the cement, The dosage of the expansion agent is 0% to 10% of the cement dosage, the PVA powder dosage is 0.15% to 0.25% of the cement dosage, and the PVA fiber dosage is 0.5% to 2% of the cement dosage. %, the amount of the water is 30% to 50% of the amount of the cement, and the amount of the water reducing agent is 0.5% to 2.0% of the amount of the cement. , rubber particles, silica fume, swelling agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent are mixed to make concrete with an apparent density of 2300kg/m3 to 2400kg/m3 .
进一步地，所述细骨料为细度模数2.3～3.0的中砂。Further, the fine aggregate is medium sand with a fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0.
进一步地，所述粗骨料为5mm～30mm连续级配的碎石或河卵石。Further, the coarse aggregate is 5mm-30mm continuously graded crushed stone or river pebbles.
进一步地，所述橡胶颗粒的最大粒径为2.5mm，平均粒径为1.05mm，密度为1120kg/m3，表观密度为1050kg/m3，吸水率小于10％。Further, the maximum particle size of the rubber particles is 2.5mm, the average particle size is 1.05mm, the density is 1120kg/m3 , the apparent density is 1050kg/m3 , and the water absorption rate is less than 10%.
进一步地，所述硅灰的平均粒径为0.1μm～0.3μm。Further, the average particle size of the silica fume is 0.1 μm˜0.3 μm.
进一步地，所述膨胀剂采用能与水泥和水拌和后经水化反应生成钙矾石的硫铝酸钙类混凝土膨胀剂。Further, the expansion agent is a calcium sulfoaluminate concrete expansion agent that can be mixed with cement and water to form ettringite through hydration reaction.
进一步地，所述PVA纤维的长度为5mm～20mm。Further, the length of the PVA fibers is 5mm˜20mm.
进一步地，所述减水剂采用聚羧酸系减水剂。Further, the water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid-based water-reducing agent.
本发明所采用的另一技术方案是：上述PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土的制备方法，包括以下步骤：Another technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: the preparation method of the above-mentioned PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete, comprising the following steps:
步骤1，按照PVA粉末和水的用量，将PVA粉末溶于水中，配成PVA溶液；Step 1, according to the dosage of PVA powder and water, dissolve PVA powder in water to prepare PVA solution;
步骤2，按照橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维的用量，将橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维放入步骤1得到的PVA溶液中，并采用超声波分散若干分钟；Step 2, according to the consumption of rubber particles and PVA fibers, put the rubber particles and PVA fibers into the PVA solution obtained in step 1, and use ultrasonic dispersion for several minutes;
步骤3，按配合比将水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、硅灰、膨胀剂和减水剂，以及步骤2分散后的含有橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维的PVA溶液倒入搅拌锅中，搅拌后浇筑到模具中浇筑成型，养护若干天后，得到PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土。Step 3: Pour the cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, silica fume, expansion agent and water reducing agent, and the PVA solution containing rubber particles and PVA fibers dispersed in step 2 into the mixing pot according to the mixing ratio. It is poured into a mold for molding, and after curing for several days, the PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete is obtained.
进一步地，步骤1中，在配成PVA溶液过程中，先将PVA粉末放入容器中以75℃的温度加热5小时后使PVA粉末溶解于水，PVA粉末溶解后静置0.5小时制作成为PVA溶液并密封保存。Further, in step 1, in the process of preparing the PVA solution, the PVA powder is first put into the container and heated at a temperature of 75 ° C for 5 hours, so that the PVA powder is dissolved in water, and the PVA powder is dissolved and left to stand for 0.5 hours to make PVA. solution and keep it sealed.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过提供一种PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土及其制备方法，利用PVA的桥接特性改善橡胶混凝土的界面性质同时用PVA纤维的特性改善橡胶混凝土抗弯变形能力，提高橡胶混凝土的力学性能，从而改善橡胶混凝土的性能，可以在降低强度损失、提高韧性、防裂抗渗、提高耐久性等方面发挥作用，从而制成的高性能橡胶混凝土。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and a preparation method thereof, which utilizes the bridging properties of PVA to improve the interface properties of the rubber concrete and simultaneously improves the flexural resistance of the rubber concrete with the properties of the PVA fibers. Deformation ability, improve the mechanical properties of rubber concrete, thereby improving the performance of rubber concrete, can play a role in reducing strength loss, improving toughness, crack resistance and impermeability, and improving durability, resulting in high-performance rubber concrete.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明中PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土和普通橡胶混凝土在不同橡胶掺量下的抗压强度变化图。Fig. 1 is the compressive strength change diagram of PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and ordinary rubber concrete in the present invention under different rubber content.
图2是本发明中PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土和普通橡胶混凝土在不同橡胶掺量下的抗折强度变化图。Fig. 2 is a graph showing the change of the flexural strength of the PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and ordinary rubber concrete in the present invention under different rubber contents.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效，兹例举以下实施例，并配合附图详细说明如下：In order to further understand the content of the invention, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows:
一种PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土，是由水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂制成的；其中，所述水泥的用量为400kg/m3混凝土～500kg/m3混凝土，所述细骨料的用量为600kg/m3混凝土～800kg/m3混凝土，所述粗骨料的用量为800kg/m3混凝土～1000kg/m3混凝土，所述橡胶颗粒的用量为所述细骨料用量的10％～30％，所述硅灰的用量为所述水泥用量的0％～10％，所述膨胀剂的用量为所述水泥用量的0％～10％，所述PVA粉末的用量为所述水泥用量的0.15％～0.25％，所述PVA纤维的用量为所述水泥用量的0.5％～2.0％，所述水的用量为所述水泥用量的30％～50％，所述减水剂的用量为所述水泥用量的0.5％～2.0％，将所述水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂混合制成表观密度为2300kg/m3～2400kg/m3的混凝土。A PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete is made of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, rubber particles, silica fume, swelling agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent; wherein , the dosage of the cement is 400kg/m3 concrete～500kg/m3 concrete, the dosage of the fine aggregate is 600kg/m3 concrete～800kg/m3 concrete, the dosage of the coarse aggregate is 800kg/m 33 Concrete to 1000kg/m3 Concrete, the amount of the rubber particles is 10% to 30% of the amount of the fine aggregate, the amount of the silica fume is 0% to 10% of the amount of the cement, the expansion The dosage of the agent is 0% to 10% of the cement dosage, the dosage of the PVA powder is 0.15% to 0.25% of the cement dosage, and the PVA fiber dosage is 0.5% to 2.0% of the cement dosage. , the amount of the water is 30% to 50% of the amount of the cement, the amount of the water reducing agent is 0.5% to 2.0% of the amount of the cement, and the cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, Rubber particles, silica fume, expansion agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent are mixed to prepare concrete with an apparent density of 2300kg/m3 to 2400kg/m3 .
所述水泥采用普通硅酸盐水泥，质量指标均符合标准。The cement adopts ordinary Portland cement, and the quality indexes all meet the standard.
所述细骨料为细度模数2.3～3.0的中砂。The fine aggregate is medium sand with a fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0.
所述粗骨料为5mm～30mm连续级配的碎石或河卵石。The coarse aggregate is 5mm-30mm continuously graded crushed stone or river pebbles.
所述橡胶颗粒主要是通过各种废旧橡胶包括废橡胶、橡胶边角料、汽车垫带、汽车轮胎等废旧橡胶原料加工生产而来。本发明优先采用的橡胶颗粒的最大粒径为2.5mm，平均粒径为1.05mm，密度为1120kg/m3，表观密度为1050kg/m3，吸水率小于10％。The rubber particles are mainly produced by processing various waste rubbers including waste rubber, rubber scraps, car pads, car tires and other waste rubber raw materials. The rubber particles preferably used in the present invention have a maximum particle size of 2.5 mm, an average particle size of 1.05 mm, a density of 1120 kg/m3 , an apparent density of 1050 kg/m3 , and a water absorption rate of less than 10%.
硅灰作为“工业三废”之一，将其作为混凝土掺合料，不仅减少了水泥的使用量，有效缓解了世纪的能源问题、环境污染问题以及资源枯竭的问题，使混凝土更加具备绿色的特征，更加符合可持续发展的战略同时，本发明中选用的硅灰的平均粒径为0.1μm～0.3μm，相比普通水泥要低两个数量级，这就使得本发明中选用的硅灰具有很高的火山灰活性，火山灰反应起到微填料的作用，并使得孔隙细化，从而使得硬化浆体结构致密，同时由于硅灰的二次水化作用，新的水化硅酸钙凝胶体堵塞在毛细孔中，使毛细孔变小且不连续，大幅度提高了橡胶混凝土的密实性、强度、抗渗、抗冻等性能，本发明中硅灰的添加使得本发明中橡胶混凝土的各龄期抗压强度相比常规橡胶混凝土提高5％～15％。As one of the "three industrial wastes", silica fume is used as a concrete admixture, which not only reduces the amount of cement used, but also effectively alleviates the problems of energy, environmental pollution and resource depletion in the century, making concrete more green. , which is more in line with the strategy of sustainable development. At the same time, the average particle size of the silica fume selected in the present invention is 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of ordinary cement, which makes the silica fume selected in the present invention have a high High pozzolanic activity, the pozzolanic reaction acts as a micro-filler and refines the pores, thereby making the hardened slurry structure dense, and at the same time, due to the secondary hydration of silica fume, the new hydrated calcium silicate gel is blocked In the capillary pores, the capillary pores become smaller and discontinuous, which greatly improves the compactness, strength, impermeability, frost resistance and other properties of the rubber concrete. The addition of silica fume in the present invention makes the rubber concrete in the present invention age Compared with conventional rubber concrete, the long-term compressive strength is increased by 5% to 15%.
膨胀剂是指一种可以通过理化反应引起体积膨胀的材料，其体积膨胀可被应用于材料生产、无声爆破等多个领域。橡胶混凝土强度降低的一个主要原因是因为当橡胶掺入混凝土中时会引入大量的气泡。当掺入膨胀剂时，膨胀剂会在使混凝土内部发生一定膨胀，在里面会产生一定的预应力，让混凝土内部的气泡大量减少，大幅度提高了橡胶混凝土的密实性、强度、抗渗等性能。所述膨胀剂是指硫铝酸钙类混凝土膨胀剂，与水泥、水拌和后经水化反应生成钙矾石的混凝土膨胀剂。本发明中膨胀剂的添加使得本发明中橡胶混凝土的各龄期抗压强度相比常规橡胶混凝土提高5％～10％。Expansion agent refers to a material that can cause volume expansion through physical and chemical reactions, and its volume expansion can be used in many fields such as material production and silent blasting. One of the main reasons for the reduction in the strength of rubberized concrete is because of the large amount of air bubbles that are introduced when rubber is incorporated into the concrete. When the expansion agent is added, the expansion agent will cause a certain expansion inside the concrete, and a certain prestress will be generated inside, which will greatly reduce the air bubbles in the concrete, and greatly improve the compactness, strength, impermeability, etc. of the rubber concrete. performance. The expansion agent refers to a calcium sulfoaluminate type concrete expansion agent, which is a concrete expansion agent that generates ettringite through hydration reaction after mixing with cement and water. The addition of the expansion agent in the present invention increases the compressive strength of the rubber concrete in the present invention by 5% to 10% compared with the conventional rubber concrete.
PVA(聚乙烯醇)粉末作为一种水溶性的高聚合物，性能介于塑料和橡胶之间，与水泥、橡胶等材料有良好的亲和力和结合性。并且，PVA在加热溶解后回到室温时不会重新凝固，这就为利用PVA改性橡胶混凝土提供了基础。As a water-soluble high polymer, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) powder has a performance between plastic and rubber, and has good affinity and binding with cement, rubber and other materials. Moreover, PVA will not re-solidify when it returns to room temperature after heating and dissolving, which provides a basis for using PVA to modify rubberized concrete.
PVA纤维是指聚乙烯醇纤维，PVA纤维是指以高聚合度的优质聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料，采用特定的先进技术加工而成的一种合成纤维，其主要特点是强度高模量高、耐磨、抗酸碱、耐候性好，与水泥、石膏等基材有良好的亲和力和结合性，且无毒、无污染、不损伤人体肌肤，对人体无害，是新一代高科技的绿色建材之一。所述PVA纤维的长度为5mm～20mm。PVA fiber refers to polyvinyl alcohol fiber. PVA fiber refers to a kind of synthetic fiber made of high-quality polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with high degree of polymerization and processed by specific advanced technology. Its main characteristics are high strength and high modulus High, abrasion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, good weather resistance, good affinity and bonding with cement, gypsum and other substrates, and non-toxic, non-polluting, no damage to human skin, harmless to human body, is a new generation of high-tech One of the green building materials. The length of the PVA fibers is 5mm˜20mm.
所述减水剂优先采用聚羧酸系高性能减水剂，是一种具有更高减水率、更好坍落度保持性能、较少干燥收缩，且具有一定引气性能的减水剂。The water-reducing agent is preferably a polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water-reducing agent, which is a water-reducing agent with higher water-reducing rate, better slump retention performance, less drying shrinkage, and certain air-entraining performance. .
上述PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土的制备方法为：The preparation method of above-mentioned PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete is:
为了让PVA粉末与橡胶颗粒充分接触，首先，按照PVA粉末和水的用量，将PVA粉末溶于水中，配成PVA溶液后再拌合混凝土。为了保证PVA粉末溶于水且不被分解，先将PVA粉末放入容器中以75℃的温度加热5小时后使其溶解于水，溶解后静置0.5小时制作成为PVA溶液并密封保存。In order to make the PVA powder fully contact with the rubber particles, first of all, according to the amount of PVA powder and water, the PVA powder is dissolved in water, and the PVA solution is prepared before mixing the concrete. In order to ensure that the PVA powder is soluble in water and not decomposed, first put the PVA powder in a container and heat it at 75°C for 5 hours to dissolve it in water. After dissolving, let it stand for 0.5 hours to make a PVA solution and store it in a sealed container.
在制备PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土时，按照橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维的用量，将将橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维放入PVA溶液中，并将含有橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维的PVA溶液放入超声波设备中利用超声波分散15分钟～30分钟；然后，按配合比将所述水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、硅灰、膨胀剂和减水剂，以及上述分散好的含有橡胶颗粒和PVA纤维的PVA溶液倒入搅拌锅中，搅拌后浇筑到模具中浇筑成型，养护28天，制备PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性橡胶混凝土。When preparing PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete, according to the amount of rubber particles and PVA fibers, put the rubber particles and PVA fibers into the PVA solution, and put the PVA solution containing the rubber particles and PVA fibers into the ultrasonic wave Ultrasonic dispersion is used in the equipment for 15 minutes to 30 minutes; then, the cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, silica fume, swelling agent and water reducing agent, as well as the above-mentioned dispersed rubber particles and PVA fibers are mixed according to the mixing ratio. The PVA solution was poured into a stirring pot, and after stirring, it was poured into a mold for molding, and cured for 28 days to prepare PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete.
所述PVA溶液是指将PVA粉末放入圆底烧瓶中混水加热至75℃，连续加热5小时所得到的溶液，由于PVA粉末在高温下溶于水，所以当溶液冷却回室温的时候PVA粉末不会析出，继续保持液态。因此可使用PVA溶液浸泡橡胶颗粒，对橡胶颗粒表面进行改性。The PVA solution refers to the solution obtained by putting the PVA powder into a round-bottomed flask and mixing it with water to 75°C, and heating it continuously for 5 hours. Since the PVA powder is soluble in water at high temperature, when the solution is cooled back to room temperature, the PVA solution is The powder does not separate out and remains liquid. Therefore, the surface of the rubber particles can be modified by soaking the rubber particles with the PVA solution.
实施例1Example 1
水泥的用量为400kg/m3混凝土，其细骨料的用量为800kg/m3混凝土，粗骨料的用量为1000kg/m3混凝土，橡胶颗粒的用量为80kg/m3混凝土，硅灰用量为0kg/m3混凝土，膨胀剂用量为0kg/m3混凝土，PVA粉末用量为0.6kg/m3混凝土，长度为6mm的PVA纤维用量为3kg/m3混凝土、水的用量为120kg/m3混凝土，减水剂用量为2kg/m3混凝土，将水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂混合制成表观密度为2400kg/m3的混凝土。该配合比具有较低的PVA粉末和PVA纤维用量，成本最为低廉，相较于普通橡胶混凝土，其抗压强度提高20％，抗折强度提高120％。The amount of cement is 400kg/m3 concrete, the amount of fine aggregate is 800kg/m3 concrete, the amount of coarse aggregate is 1000kg/m3 concrete, the amount of rubber particles is 80kg/m3 concrete, the amount of silica fume is 0kg/m3 concrete, the amount of expansion agent is 0kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA powder is 0.6kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA fiber with a length of 6mm is 3kg/m3 concrete, and the amount of water is 120kg/m3 concrete , the amount of water reducing agent is 2kg/m3 concrete, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, rubber particles, silica fume, swelling agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent are mixed to make the apparent density of 2400kg/m3 of concrete. This mixing ratio has lower consumption of PVA powder and PVA fiber, and the cost is the lowest. Compared with ordinary rubber concrete, its compressive strength is increased by 20%, and its flexural strength is increased by 120%.
实施例2Example 2
水泥的用量为450kg/m3混凝土，其细骨料的用量为700kg/m3混凝土，粗骨料的用量为900kg/m3混凝土，橡胶颗粒的用量为140kg/m3混凝土，硅灰用量为5kg/m3混凝土，膨胀剂用量为10kg/m3混凝土，PVA粉末用量为0.90kg/m3混凝土，长度为12mm的PVA纤维用量为4.5kg/m3混凝土，水的用量为135kg/m3混凝土，减水剂用量为4.5kg/m3混凝土，将水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂混合制成表观密度为2350kg/m3的混凝土。该配合比具有适中的PVA粉末和PVA纤维用量，成本较低，相较于普通橡胶混凝土，其抗压强度提高25％，抗折强度提高140％。The amount of cement is 450kg/m3 concrete, the amount of fine aggregate is 700kg/m3 concrete, the amount of coarse aggregate is 900kg/m3 concrete, the amount of rubber particles is 140kg/m3 concrete, the amount of silica fume is 5kg/m3 concrete, the amount of expansion agent is 10kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA powder is 0.90kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA fiber with a length of 12mm is 4.5kg/m3 concrete, the amount of water is 135kg/m3 Concrete, the amount of water reducing agent is 4.5kg/m3 concrete, which is made by mixing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, rubber particles, silica fume, expansion agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent Concrete with a density of 2350kg/m3 . The mixing ratio has moderate amount of PVA powder and PVA fiber, and the cost is low. Compared with ordinary rubber concrete, its compressive strength is increased by 25% and the flexural strength is increased by 140%.
实施例3Example 3
水泥的用量为500kg/m3混凝土，其细骨料的用量为600kg/m3混凝土，粗骨料的用量为800kg/m3混凝土，橡胶颗粒的用量为180kg/m3混凝土，硅灰用量为10kg/m3混凝土，膨胀剂用量为20kg/m3混凝土，PVA粉末用量为1.25kg/m3混凝土，长度为18mm的PVA纤维用量为6kg/m3混凝土，水的用量为200kg/m3混凝土，减水剂用量为8kg/m3混凝土，将水泥、细骨料、粗骨料、橡胶颗粒、硅灰、膨胀剂、PVA粉末、PVA纤维、水和减水剂混合制成表观密度为2300kg/m3的混凝土。该配合比具有较大的PVA粉末和PVA纤维用量，成本较高，相较于普通橡胶混凝土，其抗压强度提高30％，抗折强度提高160％。The amount of cement is 500kg/m3 concrete, the amount of fine aggregate is 600kg/m3 concrete, the amount of coarse aggregate is 800kg/m3 concrete, the amount of rubber particles is 180kg/m3 concrete, the amount of silica fume is 10kg/m3 concrete, the amount of expansion agent is 20kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA powder is 1.25kg/m3 concrete, the amount of PVA fiber with a length of 18mm is 6kg/m3 concrete, the amount of water is 200kg/m3 concrete , the amount of water reducing agent is 8kg/m3 concrete, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, rubber particles, silica fume, swelling agent, PVA powder, PVA fiber, water and water reducing agent are mixed to make the apparent density of 2300kg/m3 of concrete. This mixing ratio has a larger amount of PVA powder and PVA fiber, and the cost is higher. Compared with ordinary rubber concrete, its compressive strength is increased by 30%, and its flexural strength is increased by 160%.
综上，普通橡胶混凝土由于橡胶颗粒本身不与混凝土中的任何物质发生化学反应，其主要作用为物理填充，使混凝土具有高韧性、耐冲磨、高阻尼等功能特性。但是由于橡胶颗粒与混凝土之间的界面问题，混凝土强度下降的很快，导致其高韧性、耐冲磨、高阻尼等功能特性无法得到充分利用。当在橡胶混凝土中加入一定的PVA溶液时，PVA溶液因其自身对水泥和橡胶的亲和性，可以有效的改善橡胶与混凝土之间的界面，提升橡胶与混凝土之间的粘结性。而当在混凝土中掺一定量的PVA纤维后，PVA纤维在混凝土中无序的网状分布，纤维网在界面裂缝间的搭接可起到应力传输的桥梁作用，当材料受力时，橡胶和纤维均可以起到释放应力集中的作用，同时可以延缓裂缝的扩展。因此PVA粉末-PVA纤维复合改性方法可以有效的提高橡胶混凝土的抗压强度(图1)和抗折强度(图2)。这说明了当PVA粉末-PVA纤维掺入橡胶混凝土之中时，PVA纤维与PVA溶液相似相溶，改善界面性能，可以大幅度提高橡胶混凝土的力学性能，从而改善橡胶混凝土的力学性能，可以在降低强度损失、提高韧性、防裂抗渗、提高耐久性等方面发挥作用，从而制成的高性能混凝土。To sum up, because the rubber particles themselves do not chemically react with any substances in the concrete, the main function of ordinary rubberized concrete is physical filling, which makes the concrete have functional properties such as high toughness, abrasion resistance, and high damping. However, due to the interface problem between rubber particles and concrete, the strength of concrete decreases rapidly, resulting in its high toughness, abrasion resistance, high damping and other functional properties cannot be fully utilized. When a certain amount of PVA solution is added to the rubber concrete, the PVA solution can effectively improve the interface between rubber and concrete due to its affinity for cement and rubber, and enhance the adhesion between rubber and concrete. When a certain amount of PVA fibers are added to the concrete, the PVA fibers are distributed in a disordered network in the concrete, and the overlapping of the fiber network between the interface cracks can act as a bridge for stress transmission. When the material is stressed, the rubber Both the fiber and the fiber can play a role in releasing stress concentration, and at the same time can delay the expansion of cracks. Therefore, the PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modification method can effectively improve the compressive strength (Fig. 1) and flexural strength (Fig. 2) of rubberized concrete. This shows that when PVA powder-PVA fiber is mixed into rubberized concrete, PVA fiber is similar to PVA solution, which can improve the interface properties and greatly improve the mechanical properties of rubberized concrete, thereby improving the mechanical properties of rubberized concrete. It plays a role in reducing strength loss, improving toughness, preventing cracking and impermeability, and improving durability, so as to make high-performance concrete.
本发明根据PVA与水泥、橡胶的亲和性以及PVA纤维具有高抗拉强度和高弹性模量的特点，将其与橡胶粒子复合改性混凝土材料，取得了显著提高材料的抗弯变形能力和冲击韧性的效果，而强度下降的趋势得到了有效减缓。According to the affinity of PVA with cement and rubber and the characteristics of high tensile strength and high elastic modulus of PVA fiber, the present invention combines it with rubber particles to modify the concrete material, and achieves significantly improved flexural deformation resistance and high elasticity of the material. The effect of impact toughness, and the trend of strength decrease has been effectively slowed down.
尽管上面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，并不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可以做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Under the inspiration of the present invention, without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, personnel can also make many forms, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910527131.8ACN110256008A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and preparation method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910527131.8ACN110256008A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and preparation method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110256008Atrue CN110256008A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910527131.8APendingCN110256008A (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | PVA powder-PVA fiber composite modified rubber concrete and preparation method |
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