技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a degradable inversion ring-pressure biological tube stapler.
背景技术Background technique
人体生物管修复是外科手术中一种基础的手术类型，生物管的端口同端口吻合(端端吻合)占据了人体生物管修复手术的较大比例。在手术中，端端吻合通常在处理好生物管后，用可吸收缝合线，将两侧已游离端口缝合在一起；或者从距离病灶较近的生物管的一侧切开侧口并置入一次性吻合器，吻合器的一端连接游离的上端切口，一端连接游离的下端切口，通过外置的机械旋钮，缓慢加力，使游离的两端切口吻合，并使用金属缝合钉；多排连接两端吻合器，原理同订书机类似，然后从侧口取出吻合器，并缝合侧口，实现机械吻合。Human biological tube repair is a basic operation type in surgery, and the port-to-port anastomosis of biological tubes (end-to-end anastomosis) accounts for a large proportion of human biological tube repair operations. In the operation, end-to-end anastomosis is usually done after the biological tube is processed, and the free ports on both sides are sutured together with absorbable sutures; or the side port is cut from the side of the biological tube that is closer to the lesion and placed Disposable stapler, one end of the stapler is connected to the free upper incision, the other end is connected to the free lower incision, through the external mechanical knob, the force is applied slowly to make the free two ends of the incision anastomosis, and use metal staples; multi-row connection The principle of the two-end stapler is similar to that of a stapler, and then the stapler is taken out from the side port, and the side port is sutured to achieve mechanical anastomosis.
然而现有的生物管吻合方式存在着以下几个缺点：However, the existing biological tube anastomosis method has the following disadvantages:
一、现市面上有的一次性吻合器所采用的金属缝合钉，原理同订书机类似，为不可降解金属钛制成，简化了操作，缝合迅速，并发症少。但是吻合后该钛钉将成为异物永久残留在体内，并干扰患者以后的影像诊断，对患者术后的康复和健康带来一定的不利影响。同时，对于本身具有生长需求的部位，如婴幼儿食道、肠道，该种使用钛钉吻合的方式是无法使用的。1. The metal staples used in some disposable staplers on the market are similar in principle to the stapler, and are made of non-degradable metal titanium, which simplifies the operation, fast suturing, and fewer complications. However, after the anastomosis, the titanium nail will become a foreign body and remain permanently in the body, which will interfere with the patient's subsequent imaging diagnosis and have a certain adverse effect on the postoperative recovery and health of the patient. At the same time, for parts that have their own growth needs, such as the esophagus and intestinal tract of infants, this method of anastomosis using titanium nails cannot be used.
二、对于人体的各种管道，如食道、肠道等，特点为管壁内侧会分泌部分黏液或者存在液体流动，采用管壁外翻(缝会后创缘两侧组织呈外翻状态使被缝合的管腔内衬面保持光滑)的方式，对伤口进行吻合后，由于液体的存在，会不断浸润伤口，减缓愈合速度，降低愈合效果，甚至引起发炎等并发症。2. For various pipelines of the human body, such as esophagus and intestinal tract, which are characterized by the secretion of some mucus or liquid flow inside the tube wall, the tube wall is everted (the tissues on both sides of the wound are everted after suturing, so that After the wound is anastomosed, due to the existence of liquid, it will continuously infiltrate the wound, slow down the healing speed, reduce the healing effect, and even cause complications such as inflammation.
三、无论是可吸收线缝合端端切口，还是使用钛钉吻合钉，吻合端端切口的方式，均为间断缝合，针脚和针脚间，钉脚和钉脚间，存在的是点和点、线和线的压力，在创口360°的一周中，压力呈现出的是波浪形，有高有低，压力不等；波浪形的压力分布方式，一般来说，较大的压力点，管壁的接触较为紧密，不会出现吻合口漏的情况，最先愈合；而较小的压力点，管壁的接触较为稀松，吻合口漏容易出现，愈合缓慢。因此波浪形的压力分布方式，即采用可吸收线或钛钉吻合，吻合口漏或伤口一周愈合时间不一致导致愈合效果下降的现象均易出现。3. Regardless of whether the end-to-end incision is sutured with absorbable sutures or titanium staples are used, the way of anastomosing the end-to-end incision is all interrupted sutures. There are points and points between stitches, and nail feet. The pressure of the line and the line, in the 360° week of the wound, the pressure presents a wave shape, with high and low pressures; the pressure distribution of the wave shape, generally speaking, the larger pressure point, the tube wall The contact with the tube wall is relatively close, and anastomotic leakage will not occur, and it will heal first; while the contact with the tube wall is relatively loose at a small pressure point, anastomotic leakage is prone to occur, and the healing is slow. Therefore, the wavy pressure distribution method, that is, the use of absorbable thread or titanium nails for anastomosis, anastomotic leakage or inconsistent wound healing time in a week, resulting in a decline in the healing effect are prone to occur.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提出一种可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器，使创缘一周同时愈合，愈合快，同时能在生物管内降解。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to propose a biodegradable inversion ring-pressure biotube stapler, which can heal the wound edge at the same time in one week, heal quickly, and can degrade in the biotube at the same time.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器，包括吻合器底部2，吻合器底部2和吻合器导轨3的一端螺纹连接，吻合器导轨3的另一端和吻合器顶部4孔轴配合连接，吻合器导轨3用作角度对合；A degradable inversion ring-pressed biological tube stapler, comprising a stapler bottom 2, one end of the stapler bottom 2 and the stapler guide rail 3 are threadedly connected, and the other end of the stapler guide rail 3 is axially connected to the top 4 holes of the stapler , the guide rail 3 of the stapler is used for angular alignment;
所述的吻合器底部2包括第一圆环24，第一圆环24的一侧连接有带内螺纹的第一圆筒23，第一圆环24的另一侧设置有均布的第一金属钉21和第一吻合孔22，第一金属钉21和第一吻合孔22交错排列；The bottom 2 of the stapler includes a first ring 24, one side of the first ring 24 is connected with a first cylinder 23 with an internal thread, and the other side of the first ring 24 is provided with evenly distributed first Metal nails 21 and first anastomotic holes 22, the first metal nails 21 and first anastomotic holes 22 are alternately arranged;
所述的吻合器顶部4包括第二圆环44，第二圆环44的一侧连接有内部带外凸楞的第二圆筒43，第二圆环44的另一侧设置有均布的第二金属钉41和第二吻合孔42，第二金属钉41和第二吻合孔42交错排列；The top 4 of the stapler includes a second ring 44, one side of the second ring 44 is connected with a second cylinder 43 with an inner band and outer corrugation, and the other side of the second ring 44 is provided with evenly distributed The second metal nails 41 and the second anastomotic holes 42 are alternately arranged;
所述的吻合器导轨3一端为和第一圆筒23内螺纹配合的外螺纹段32；另一端外部设有和第二圆筒43内的外凸楞配合的凹槽31，内部设有卡槽33。One end of the stapler guide rail 3 is an external thread section 32 that matches the internal thread of the first cylinder 23; the other end is provided with a groove 31 that cooperates with the outer convex groove in the second cylinder 43, and a clip is provided inside. Slot 33.
所述的第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41的半剖图为悬臂梁式卡扣结构，其和吻合孔过盈配合或过渡配合时，利用金属钉同吻合孔内壁的摩擦力紧固所连两侧游离生物管的连接；过渡配合或间隙配合时，利用金属钉悬臂梁式卡扣的卡脚同吻合孔的压力紧固所连两侧游离生物管的连接。The half-sectional view of the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 is a cantilever beam buckle structure, which is fastened by the friction force between the metal nail and the inner wall of the anastomotic hole when it is interference fit or transition fit with the anastomotic hole The connection of the free biological tubes on both sides of the connection; when transition fit or clearance fit, use the clamping feet of the metal nail cantilever beam buckle and the pressure of the anastomotic hole to fasten the connection of the free biological tubes on both sides of the connection.
所述的第一金属钉21、第二金属钉41同第一圆环24、第二圆环44的外圆最大径存在距离，为第一圆环24、第二圆环44给所吻合的生物管一个均布的压力。There is a distance between the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 and the outer circle maximum diameter of the first annulus 24 and the second annulus 44, which is matched by the first annulus 24 and the second annulus 44 Biological tubes with a uniform pressure.
所述的第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41由镁基合金、锌基合金或铁基合金制成。The first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 are made of magnesium-based alloy, zinc-based alloy or iron-based alloy.
除第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41外，可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器其余部件均由可降解材料乙交酯、丙交酯、己内酯、对二氧环己酮、三亚甲基碳酸酯的均聚物或上述单体的共聚物经3D打印、注塑、机床加工制成。Except for the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41, the remaining parts of the degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube anastomat are made of degradable materials glycolide, lactide, caprolactone, p-dioxanone , the homopolymer of trimethylene carbonate or the copolymer of the above monomers are made by 3D printing, injection molding and machine tool processing.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明采用内翻缝合(缝会后创缘两侧组织呈内翻状态以保持伤口表面光滑)的方式，对伤口进行吻合后，则不会被管壁内侧的液体影响；同时，管壁外侧具有生长性，这样的吻合可以让伤口更快愈合，增加愈合质量，减少并发症的出现。The present invention adopts the mode of inversion suture (the tissue on both sides of the wound edge is in an inversion state after suturing to keep the wound surface smooth). After the wound is anastomosed, it will not be affected by the liquid inside the tube wall; With growth, such an anastomosis can make the wound heal faster, increase the quality of healing, and reduce the occurrence of complications.
本发明采用环压式的吻合方式，压力在创口360°的一周中，呈现出的是直线型的，均布的。The present invention adopts a ring pressure anastomosis method, and the pressure is linear and evenly distributed in a 360° circle of the wound.
本发明除金属钉外，均采用可降解材料，均为人体必需的微量元素，可由人体新陈代谢排出。Except for the metal nails, the present invention adopts degradable materials, all of which are trace elements necessary for the human body, and can be excreted by the metabolism of the human body.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的装配示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention.
图2是本发明吻合器底部2示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom 2 of the stapler of the present invention.
图3是本发明吻合器顶部4示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the top 4 of the stapler of the present invention.
图4是本发明吻合器导轨3示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the guide rail 3 of the stapler of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示，一种可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器，包括吻合器底部2，吻合器底部2和吻合器导轨3的一端螺纹连接，吻合器导轨3的另一端和吻合器顶部4孔轴配合连接，吻合器导轨3用作角度对合。As shown in Figure 1, a degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube stapler includes a stapler bottom 2, one end of the stapler bottom 2 and the stapler rail 3 are threaded, and the other end of the stapler rail 3 is connected to the stapler The 4 holes on the top are pivotally connected, and the guide rail 3 of the stapler is used for angular alignment.
如图2所示，所述的吻合器底部2包括第一圆环24，第一圆环24的一侧连接有带内螺纹的第一圆筒23，第一圆环24的另一侧设置有均布的第一金属钉21和第一吻合孔22，第一金属钉21和第一吻合孔22交错排列；As shown in Figure 2, the bottom 2 of the stapler includes a first ring 24, one side of the first ring 24 is connected with a first cylinder 23 with an internal thread, and the other side of the first ring 24 is provided with There are evenly distributed first metal nails 21 and first anastomotic holes 22, and the first metal nails 21 and the first anastomotic holes 22 are arranged alternately;
本实施例第一圆环24上设有6颗相互之间夹角60°的第一金属钉21，第一金属钉21的作用为刺穿管壁，紧固管壁的一周同吻合器顶部4的第二吻合孔42进行轴孔配合连接；同时，第一圆环24上有6个相互之间夹角60°的第一吻合孔22，其作用为同吻合器顶部4的第二金属钉41进行轴孔配合连接，连接两侧游离的生物管；同时，第一金属钉21和第一吻合孔22之间的夹角为30°，围绕第一圆环24的一周，交错排列；In this embodiment, the first ring 24 is provided with 6 first metal nails 21 with an angle of 60° between each other. The function of the first metal nails 21 is to pierce the tube wall, and the circumference of the fastened tube wall is the same as the top of the stapler. The second anastomotic hole 42 of 4 is connected with the shaft hole; at the same time, there are 6 first anastomotic holes 22 with an angle of 60° between each other on the first ring 24, which function as the second metal hole 22 on the top 4 of the stapler. The nails 41 are connected with the shaft holes to connect the free biological tubes on both sides; at the same time, the angle between the first metal nails 21 and the first anastomotic hole 22 is 30°, and they are arranged in a staggered manner around the first ring 24;
如图3所示，所述的吻合器顶部4包括第二圆环44，第二圆环44的一侧连接有内部带外凸楞的第二圆筒43，第二圆环44的另一侧设置有均布的第二金属钉41和第二吻合孔42，第二金属钉41和第二吻合孔42交错排列；As shown in Figure 3, the described stapler top 4 comprises a second ring 44, one side of the second ring 44 is connected with a second cylinder 43 with an inner band and outer corrugation, and the other side of the second ring 44 is There are evenly distributed second metal nails 41 and second anastomotic holes 42 on the side, and the second metal nails 41 and the second anastomotic holes 42 are arranged in a staggered manner;
本实施例第二圆环44上设有6颗相互之间夹角60°的第二金属钉41，第二金属钉41的作用为刺穿管壁，紧固管壁的一周同吻合器底部2的第一吻合孔22进行轴孔配合连接；同时，第二圆环44上有6个相互之间夹角60°的第二吻合孔42，其作用为同吻合器底部2的第一金属钉21进行轴孔配合，连接两侧游离的生物管；同时，第二金属钉41和第二吻合孔42之间的夹角为30°，围绕第二圆环44的一周，交错排列；In this embodiment, the second ring 44 is provided with 6 second metal nails 41 with an angle of 60° between each other. The function of the second metal nails 41 is to pierce the tube wall and fasten the tube wall to the bottom of the stapler. The first anastomotic hole 22 of 2 is connected with the shaft hole; meanwhile, there are 6 second anastomotic holes 42 with an angle of 60° between each other on the second ring 44, which act as the first metal hole 42 at the bottom 2 of the stapler. The nails 21 are matched with the shaft holes to connect the free biological tubes on both sides; at the same time, the angle between the second metal nails 41 and the second anastomotic holes 42 is 30°, and they are arranged in a staggered manner around the second ring 44;
如图4所示，所述的吻合器导轨3一端为和第一圆筒23内螺纹配合的外螺纹段32；另一端外部设有和第二圆筒43内的外凸楞配合的凹槽31，内部设有卡槽33。As shown in FIG. 4 , one end of the stapler guide rail 3 is an external thread segment 32 that fits with the internal thread of the first cylinder 23 ; 31, with a card slot 33 inside.
本实施例的吻合器底部2、吻合器导轨3和吻合器顶部4的内孔的圆周上均有4个夹角90°的卡槽33，用作外部夹持装置的夹持所用。In this embodiment, the inner holes of the bottom 2 of the stapler 2 , the guide rail 3 of the stapler and the top 4 of the stapler all have four slots 33 with an included angle of 90°, which are used for clamping by the external clamping device.
所述的第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41的半剖图为悬臂梁式卡扣结构，其和吻合孔过盈配合或过渡配合时，利用金属钉同吻合孔内壁的摩擦力紧固所连两侧游离生物管的连接；过渡配合或间隙配合时，利用金属钉悬臂梁式卡扣的卡脚同吻合孔的压力紧固所连两侧游离生物管的连接。The half-sectional view of the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 is a cantilever beam buckle structure, which is fastened by the friction force between the metal nail and the inner wall of the anastomotic hole when it is interference fit or transition fit with the anastomotic hole The connection of the free biological tubes on both sides of the connection; when transition fit or clearance fit, use the clamping feet of the metal nail cantilever beam buckle and the pressure of the anastomotic hole to fasten the connection of the free biological tubes on both sides of the connection.
所述的第一金属钉21、第二金属钉41同第一圆环24、第二圆环44的外圆最大径存在一定比例的距离，这部分距离为第一圆环24、第二圆环44给所吻合的生物管一个适宜的、均布的压力，这样的环压吻合方式，减少吻合口漏，使生物管管壁的一周同时愈合，提升愈合质量。There is a certain ratio distance between the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 and the maximum diameter of the outer circle of the first annulus 24 and the second annulus 44, and this part distance is the first annulus 24, the second annulus The ring 44 gives a suitable and evenly distributed pressure to the anastomotic biological tube. Such a ring pressure anastomotic method reduces anastomotic leakage, makes the biological tube wall heal at the same time, and improves the healing quality.
所述的第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41由镁基合金、锌基合金或铁基合金制成。The first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 are made of magnesium-based alloy, zinc-based alloy or iron-based alloy.
除第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41外，可降解内翻环压式生物管吻合器其余部件均由可降解材料乙交酯、丙交酯、己内酯、对二氧环己酮、三亚甲基碳酸酯的均聚物或上述单体的共聚物经3D打印(增材制造)、注塑、机床加工制成，均为人体必需的微量元素，可由人体新陈代谢排出。Except for the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41, the remaining parts of the degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube anastomat are made of degradable materials glycolide, lactide, caprolactone, p-dioxanone The homopolymer of trimethylene carbonate or the copolymer of the above monomers is made by 3D printing (additive manufacturing), injection molding, and machine tool processing. They are all trace elements necessary for the human body and can be excreted by human metabolism.
本发明的工作原理为：Working principle of the present invention is:
将吻合器底部2置入已经游离出来的生物管内，置入后，夹起生物管管口的管壁，挂在吻合器底部2上的任意一颗第一金属钉21上，并依次将管壁的一周，全部挂在第一金属钉21上，并压紧管壁同第一圆环24的内侧平面(靠近第一金属钉21的一面)紧密接触，使游离出来的生物管的一个端口同吻合器底部2良好连接；对另一个已经游离的生物管端口，置入吻合器顶部4，步骤同吻合器底部2置入的操作一样。Put the bottom 2 of the stapler into the biological tube that has been dissociated; One week of the wall is all hung on the first metal nail 21, and the tube wall is tightly contacted with the inner plane of the first ring 24 (the side near the first metal nail 21), so that a port of the free biological tube It is well connected with the bottom 2 of the stapler; for the other biological tube port that has been freed, put it into the top 4 of the stapler, and the steps are the same as the operation of inserting the bottom 2 of the stapler.
如图4所示，将导轨3的螺纹32，从金属钉21的方向，置入底部2的内孔，同底部2内孔上的螺纹23，进行连接，并拧紧。此时，导轨3同底部2，以及生物管游离的一端连接在一起。导轨3的内凹结构31暴露在外。As shown in Figure 4, insert the thread 32 of the guide rail 3 into the inner hole of the bottom 2 from the direction of the metal nail 21, connect with the thread 23 on the inner hole of the bottom 2, and tighten it. At this time, the guide rail 3 is connected with the bottom 2 and the free end of the biological tube. The concave structure 31 of the guide rail 3 is exposed outside.
将吻合器导轨3暴露在外的凹槽31调整角度后，置入吻合器顶部4的内孔，同凸楞进行配合；此时，吻合器底部2的第一金属钉21同吻合器顶部4的第二吻合孔42已经对合好了角度；吻合器顶部4的第二金属钉41同吻合器底部2的第一吻合孔22也已经对合好了角度。After adjusting the angle of the exposed groove 31 of the stapler guide rail 3, insert it into the inner hole of the top 4 of the stapler, and cooperate with the convex corrugation; The angle of the second anastomotic hole 42 has been aligned; the second metal nail 41 of the top 4 of the stapler and the first anastomotic hole 22 of the bottom 2 of the stapler have also been aligned at an angle.
通过生物管管壁，对第一圆环24和第二圆环44的外侧平面施加较小的吻合力，并微调角度，使第一金属钉21和第二金属钉41刺破对侧的生物管管壁，并进入对侧的第二吻合孔42和第一吻合孔22；之后，通过生物管管壁对圆环外侧平面施加较大的力，完成吻合；完成吻合后，吻合器整体完全置入缝合好的生物管内部，并且内侧具有可允许流体通过的空隙，生物管的创缘两侧组织呈内翻状态，伤口表面光滑。Apply a small anastomotic force to the outer plane of the first ring 24 and the second ring 44 through the wall of the biological tube, and fine-tune the angle so that the first metal nail 21 and the second metal nail 41 can pierce the biological tissue on the opposite side. tube wall, and enter the second anastomotic hole 42 and the first anastomotic hole 22 on the opposite side; after that, a large force is applied to the outer plane of the ring through the biological tube wall to complete the anastomosis; It is placed inside the sutured biological tube, and there is a gap on the inside that allows fluid to pass through. The tissue on both sides of the wound edge of the biological tube is in an inverted state, and the wound surface is smooth.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910571789.9ACN110236624A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | A degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube stapler |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910571789.9ACN110236624A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | A degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube stapler |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110236624Atrue CN110236624A (en) | 2019-09-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910571789.9APendingCN110236624A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | A degradable inversion ring pressure biological tube stapler |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110236624A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113069164A (en)* | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 王亚朋 | Detachable reusable micro-vessel anastomat and using method thereof |
| CN113143372A (en)* | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-23 | 上海理工大学 | Degradable pressurized lumen tissue anastomosis stent |
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| CN85106639A (en)* | 1985-09-03 | 1987-03-25 | 第三军医大学野战外科研究所 | blood vessel anastomat |
| US5336233A (en)* | 1989-01-26 | 1994-08-09 | Chen Fusen H | Anastomotic device |
| WO2002015796A2 (en)* | 2000-08-24 | 2002-02-28 | Surgical Connections, Inc. | Surgical stabilizer devices |
| CN1764416A (en)* | 2002-01-09 | 2006-04-26 | 新引导系统公司 | Apparatus and method for endoscopic colectomy |
| CN101384221A (en)* | 2006-01-16 | 2009-03-11 | 伊西康内外科公司 | Anastomotic device |
| CN106308866A (en)* | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-11 | 浙江大学 | Absorbable one-way compression type intestine-intestine anastomat |
| CN207886229U (en)* | 2017-06-23 | 2018-09-21 | 韩培 | Degradable blood vessel anastomosis device |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113069164A (en)* | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-06 | 王亚朋 | Detachable reusable micro-vessel anastomat and using method thereof |
| CN113143372A (en)* | 2021-05-20 | 2021-07-23 | 上海理工大学 | Degradable pressurized lumen tissue anastomosis stent |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | Application publication date:20190917 | |
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |