技术领域technical field
本发明属于天线技术领域，涉及一种加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线。The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch.
背景技术Background technique
为满足未来高速宽带通信需求，5G系统将工作在更高的频率，以获得更大的带宽和实现更高的传输速率。然而随着工作频率的升高，电磁波穿透墙体的损耗增大，导致室外基站信号覆盖室内的局限性更加突出，因此需要大规模的建设室内分布系统。In order to meet future high-speed broadband communication needs, 5G systems will work at higher frequencies to obtain greater bandwidth and achieve higher transmission rates. However, as the operating frequency increases, the loss of electromagnetic waves penetrating through the wall increases, resulting in more prominent limitations in indoor coverage of outdoor base station signals. Therefore, a large-scale indoor distribution system needs to be built.
天线作为室内分布系统的组成部分，在整个系统中起着很重要的作用。在移动通信系统中天线相当于一个换能器，能够将电路中的高频已调电流和空间中的电磁波能量进行相互转换，天线指标的好坏将直接影响整个通信系统的性能。但是目前可工作于我国3.45GHz和4.9GHz频段的5G室内分布系统天线极少且增益低，不适合于实际应用。As an integral part of the indoor distribution system, the antenna plays an important role in the whole system. In the mobile communication system, the antenna is equivalent to a transducer, which can convert the high-frequency modulated current in the circuit and the electromagnetic wave energy in the space. The performance of the antenna will directly affect the performance of the entire communication system. However, the 5G indoor distribution system that can work in the 3.45GHz and 4.9GHz frequency bands in my country currently has very few antennas and low gain, which is not suitable for practical applications.
交叉偶极子天线由于结构简单、成本低，被广泛用于移动通信的天线设计中。目前，交叉偶极子天线可以通过改变辐射单元的形状以实现双频工作，但是为了实现单向辐射必须加金属反射板，且金属反射板与辐射单元之间的距离为四分之一波长的奇数倍，天线高度较大。如果双频交叉偶极子天线设计工作于3.45GHz和4.9GHz时，其金属反射板与辐射单元之间的距离无法同时在这两个频率满足四分之一波长奇数倍的要求，高频段性能将恶化。Due to its simple structure and low cost, the crossed dipole antenna is widely used in the antenna design of mobile communication. At present, the crossed dipole antenna can achieve dual-frequency operation by changing the shape of the radiating unit, but in order to achieve unidirectional radiation, a metal reflector must be added, and the distance between the metal reflector and the radiating unit is a quarter of a wavelength. Odd multiples, the antenna height is larger. If the dual-frequency crossed dipole antenna is designed to work at 3.45GHz and 4.9GHz, the distance between the metal reflector and the radiating unit cannot meet the requirements of an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength at these two frequencies at the same time, and the high-band performance will deteriorate.
发明内容Contents of the invention
根据现有技术存在的问题，本发明公开了一种加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线，具体方案包括：上层介质基板、馈电结构、辐射贴片、同轴线、下层介质基板、方形开缝贴片和金属地板；According to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch. The specific solution includes: upper dielectric substrate, feeding structure, radiation patch, coaxial line, lower layer Dielectric substrates, square slotted patches and metal floors;
所述馈电结构包括垂直极化耦合馈电结构和水平极化耦合馈电结构；The feed structure includes a vertically polarized coupled feed structure and a horizontally polarized coupled feed structure;
所述垂直极化耦合馈电结构印制于上层介质基板的上表面；所述垂直极化耦合馈电结构从上至下依次包括梯形贴片I、导体带条I和正方形焊盘I；The vertical polarization coupling feed structure is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate; the vertical polarization coupling feed structure includes a trapezoidal patch I, a conductor strip I and a square pad I in sequence from top to bottom;
所述水平极化耦合馈电结构从左至右依次包括梯形贴片、方形连接片、金属化过孔I、导体带条II、金属化过孔、导体带条、和正方形焊盘；所述梯形贴片、方形连接片、导体带条和正方形焊盘都印制于上层介质基板的上表面；所述导体带条II印制于上层介质基板的下表面；所述方形连接片通过金属化过孔I与导体带条II相连接；所述导体带条通过金属化过孔也与导体带条II相连接；The horizontal polarization coupling feed structure includes, from left to right, a trapezoidal patch, a square connecting piece, a metallized via hole I, a conductor strip II, a metallized via hole, a conductor strip, and a square pad; The trapezoidal patch, the square connecting piece, the conductor strip and the square pad are all printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate; the conductor strip II is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate; The via hole I is connected to the conductor strip II; the conductor strip is also connected to the conductor strip II through the metallized via hole;
所述辐射贴片印制于上层介质基板的下表面，包括垂直极化辐射贴片和水平极化辐射贴片；The radiation patch is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, including a vertically polarized radiation patch and a horizontally polarized radiation patch;
所述垂直极化辐射贴片包括加载支节扇形切角贴片I和挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片I；所述水平极化辐射贴片包括加载支节扇形切角贴片和挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片；The vertically polarized radiation patch includes a loaded branch fan-shaped corner-cut patch I and a loaded branch fan-shaped corner-cut patch I with a circular hole dug out; the horizontally polarized radiation patch includes a loaded branch fan-shaped corner-cut patch I slice and the fan-shaped corner-cut patch of the loading branch with the round hole dug out;
所述加载支节扇形切角贴片I包括矩形支节、扇形切角贴片和挖去的半圆孔；所述挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片I包含矩形支节、扇形切角贴片、挖去的半圆孔和挖去的圆形孔；The fan-shaped corner-cut patch I of the loading branch includes a rectangular branch, a fan-shaped corner-cut patch and a semicircular hole dug out; Corner-cut patches, cutout half-round holes and cutout circular holes;
所述水平极化辐射贴片与所述垂直极化辐射贴片结构相同；The horizontally polarized radiation patch has the same structure as the vertically polarized radiation patch;
所述同轴线包括同轴线I和同轴线；Described coaxial line comprises coaxial line I and coaxial line;
所述同轴线I的外导体与挖去圆孔的加载枝节扇形切角贴片I相连接，所述同轴线I的内导体穿过上层介质基板接正方形焊盘I；所述同轴线的外导体接与挖去圆孔的加载枝节扇形切角贴片相连接，所述同轴线的内导体穿过上层介质基板接正方形焊盘；The outer conductor of the coaxial line I is connected to the loaded branch fan-shaped patch I with the round hole dug out, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line I passes through the upper dielectric substrate to connect to the square pad I; the coaxial The outer conductor of the line is connected to the loaded branch fan-shaped patch with the round hole dug out, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line passes through the upper dielectric substrate to connect to the square pad;
所述方形开缝贴片印制于下层介质基板的上表面，包括四个结构和尺寸都完全相同的方形开缝贴片单元I、方形开缝贴片单元II、方形开缝贴片单元III和方形开缝贴片单元；The square slotted patch is printed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate, including four square slotted patch units I, square slotted patch unit II, and square slotted patch unit III with the same structure and size. and square slotted patch units;
所述方形开缝贴片单元I的每条边上有两条相同的缝隙I和缝隙；Two identical slits 1 and slits are arranged on each side of the square slit patch unit 1;
所述金属地板印制在下层介质基板的下表面。The metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate.
进一步的，所述挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片上设置有半圆孔，其中半圆孔可以减小贴片尺寸并通过矩形支节实现双频工作。Further, the fan-shaped patch of the loading branch with the round hole removed is provided with a semicircular hole, wherein the semicircular hole can reduce the size of the patch and realize dual-frequency operation through the rectangular branch.
进一步的，所述方形开缝贴片改善了天线的阻抗匹配特性并降低了天线的高度。Further, the square slotted patch improves the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna and reduces the height of the antenna.
进一步的，通过将缝隙I和缝隙开在方形开缝贴片的每一条边上实现了电磁波的双频零相位反射。Further, the double-frequency zero-phase reflection of the electromagnetic wave is realized by opening the slot I and the slot on each side of the square slotted patch.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明提供的一种加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线，该装置通过加载矩形支节实现了5G双频工作，通过加载方形开缝贴片实现了电磁波的双频零相位反射，改善了天线的阻抗匹配特性并降低了天线的高度。Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention provides a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch. The device realizes 5G dual-frequency operation by loading a rectangular branch, and realizes The double-frequency zero-phase reflection of the electromagnetic wave is improved, the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna is improved and the height of the antenna is reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in this application. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的俯视图；Fig. 1 is the top view of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch of the present invention;
图2为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的侧视图；Fig. 2 is a side view of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch of the present invention;
图3为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的馈电结构俯视图；Fig. 3 is a top view of the feeding structure of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch of the present invention;
图4为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的辐射贴片俯视图；Fig. 4 is a top view of the radiation patch of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with the square slotted patch of the present invention;
图5为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的四个方形开缝贴片俯视图；5 is a top view of four square slotted patches of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with square slotted patches according to the present invention;
图6为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的反射系数幅度曲线；Fig. 6 is a reflection coefficient amplitude curve of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch in the present invention;
图7为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的隔离度曲线；Fig. 7 is the isolation curve of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch in the present invention;
图8为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的增益曲线；Fig. 8 is the gain curve of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch in the present invention;
图9为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线在低频段中心工作频率处的方向性图；Fig. 9 is a directivity diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch according to the present invention at the working frequency at the center of the low frequency band;
图10为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线在高频段中心工作频率处的方向性图。Fig. 10 is a directivity diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch of the present invention at the central operating frequency of the high frequency band.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚完整的描述：In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
如图1-图5所示的一种加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线，具体结构包括：上层介质基板1、馈电结构2、辐射贴片3、同轴线4、下层介质基板5、方形开缝贴片6和金属地板7。A dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch as shown in Figures 1-5, the specific structure includes: upper dielectric substrate 1, feeding structure 2, radiation patch 3, coaxial line 4, The lower dielectric substrate 5, the square slit patch 6 and the metal floor 7.
所述馈电结构2包括垂直极化耦合馈电结构21和水平极化耦合馈电结构22；所述垂直极化耦合馈电结构21设置于上层介质基板1的上表面。所述垂直极化耦合馈电结构21从上至下依次包括梯形贴片I211、导体带条I212和正方形焊盘I213。The feeding structure 2 includes a vertical polarization coupling feeding structure 21 and a horizontal polarization coupling feeding structure 22 ; the vertical polarization coupling feeding structure 21 is disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1 . The vertically polarized coupling feed structure 21 includes, from top to bottom, a trapezoidal patch I211, a conductor strip I212 and a square pad I213.
所述水平极化耦合馈电结构22从左至右依次包括梯形贴片221、方形连接片222、金属化过孔I223、导体带条II224、金属化过孔225、导体带条226、和正方形焊盘227，所述梯形贴片221、方形连接片222、导体带条226和正方形焊盘227设置于上层介质基板1的上表面，所述导体带条II224设置于上层介质基板1的下表面；所述方形连接片222通过金属化过孔I223与导体带条II224相连接；所述导体带条226通过金属化过孔225与导体带条II224相连接。The horizontal polarization coupling feed structure 22 includes, from left to right, a trapezoidal patch 221, a square connecting piece 222, a metallized via hole I223, a conductor strip II224, a metallized via hole 225, a conductor strip 226, and a square The pad 227, the trapezoidal patch 221, the square connecting piece 222, the conductor strip 226 and the square pad 227 are arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1, and the conductor strip II224 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1 The square connecting piece 222 is connected to the conductor strip II224 through the metallized via hole I223; the conductor strip 226 is connected to the conductor strip II224 through the metallized via hole 225.
所述辐射贴片3设置于上层介质基板1的下表面，所述辐射贴片3包括垂直极化辐射贴片31和水平极化辐射贴片32；所述垂直极化辐射贴片31包括加载支节扇形切角贴片I311和挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片I312；所述水平极化辐射贴片32包括加载支节扇形切角贴片321和挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片322。The radiation patch 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1, and the radiation patch 3 includes a vertically polarized radiation patch 31 and a horizontally polarized radiation patch 32; the vertically polarized radiation patch 31 includes a loading Branch fan-shaped corner patch I311 and the loading branch fan-shaped corner patch I312 with the round hole dug out; the horizontally polarized radiation patch 32 includes the loading branch fan-shaped corner patch 321 and the loading branch fan-shaped corner patch 321 with the round hole dug out. Branch fan-shaped patch 322 .
所述加载支节扇形切角贴片I311包括矩形支节3111、扇形切角贴片3112和挖去的半圆孔I 3113；所述挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片I312包括矩形支节3121、扇形切角贴片3122、挖去的半圆孔3123和挖去的圆形孔3124；The fan-shaped corner-cut patch I311 of the loading branch includes a rectangular branch 3111, a fan-shaped corner-cut patch 3112 and a semicircular hole I 3113 dug out; Branch 3121, fan-shaped cut corner patch 3122, dug out semicircular hole 3123 and dug out circular hole 3124;
所述水平极化辐射贴片32与所述垂直极化辐射贴片31结构相同；The horizontally polarized radiation patch 32 has the same structure as the vertically polarized radiation patch 31;
所述同轴线4包括同轴线I41和同轴线42；Described coaxial line 4 comprises coaxial line I41 and coaxial line 42;
所述同轴线I41的外导体与挖去圆孔的加载枝节扇形切角贴片I312相连接，所述同轴线I41的内导体穿过上层介质基板1与所述正方形焊盘I213相连接；所述同轴线42的外导体接与挖去圆孔的加载枝节扇形切角贴片322相连接，所述同轴线42的内导体穿过上层介质基板1与正方形焊盘227相连接。The outer conductor of the coaxial line I41 is connected to the loaded branch fan-shaped patch I312 with a round hole dug out, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line I41 passes through the upper dielectric substrate 1 and is connected to the square pad I213 ; The outer conductor of the coaxial line 42 is connected to the loaded stub fan-shaped corner patch 322 that has dug out the round hole, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line 42 passes through the upper dielectric substrate 1 and is connected to the square pad 227 .
所述方形开缝贴片6设置于下层介质基板5的上表面，所述方形开缝贴片6包括四个结构和尺寸都完全相同的方形开缝贴片单元I61、方形开缝贴片单元II62、方形开缝贴片单元III63和方形开缝贴片单元64。The square slit patch 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the square slit patch 6 includes four square slit patch units I61, a square slit patch unit II62, square slit patch unit III63 and square slit patch unit 64.
所述方形开缝贴片单元I61的每条边上有两条相同的缝隙I611和缝隙612；There are two identical slits I611 and slit 612 on each side of the square slit patch unit I61;
所述金属地板7设置在下层介质基板(5)的下表面。The metal floor 7 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate (5).
进一步的，所述辐射贴片3上的挖去圆孔的加载支节扇形切角贴片(322)的半圆孔可以减小贴片尺寸并通过矩形支节实现双频工作。Further, the semicircular hole of the fan-shaped corner-cutting patch (322) of the loading branch on the radiation patch 3 can reduce the size of the patch and realize dual-frequency operation through the rectangular branch.
进一步的，所述方形开缝贴片(6)改善了天线的阻抗匹配特性并降低了天线的高度。Further, the square slotted patch (6) improves the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna and reduces the height of the antenna.
进一步的，通过将缝隙I(611)和缝隙(612)开在方形开缝贴片的每一条边上实现了电磁波的双频零相位反射。Further, the double-frequency zero-phase reflection of the electromagnetic wave is realized by opening the slot I (611) and the slot (612) on each side of the square slotted patch.
图6为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的反射系数幅度曲线。从图6可以看到，天线在3.28GHz～3.88GHz和4.7GHz～5.04GHz频率范围内匹配良好，|S11|和|S22|均小于-14dB。Fig. 6 is a reflection coefficient amplitude curve of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch according to the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the antenna is well matched in the frequency ranges of 3.28GHz to 3.88GHz and 4.7GHz to 5.04GHz, and both |S11 | and |S22 | are less than -14dB.
图7为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的隔离度曲线。从图7可以看到，在低频段两种极化方式之间的隔离度大于25dB，在高频段两种极化方式之间的隔离度大于22.5dB。Fig. 7 is the isolation curve of the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch according to the present invention. It can be seen from Fig. 7 that the isolation between the two polarization modes in the low frequency band is greater than 25dB, and the isolation degree between the two polarization modes in the high frequency band is greater than 22.5dB.
图8为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线的增益曲线。从图8可以看到，高频段和低频段的增益分别为8.5dBi和8.8dBi。Fig. 8 is a gain curve of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch according to the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 8 that the gains of the high frequency band and the low frequency band are 8.5dBi and 8.8dBi respectively.
图9为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线在低频段中心工作频率处的方向性图。从图9可以看到，天线的低频段辐射特性稳定，最大辐射方向的交叉极化鉴别率大于30dB。Fig. 9 is a directivity diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch according to the present invention at the central working frequency of the low frequency band. It can be seen from Figure 9 that the radiation characteristics of the antenna in the low frequency band are stable, and the cross-polarization discrimination rate of the maximum radiation direction is greater than 30dB.
图10为本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线在高频段中心工作频率处的方向图。从图10可以看到，天线的高频段辐射特性稳定，最大辐射方向的交叉极化鉴别率大于20dB。Fig. 10 is a directional diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch of the present invention at the central working frequency of the high-frequency band. It can be seen from Figure 10 that the radiation characteristics of the antenna in the high frequency band are stable, and the cross-polarization discrimination rate of the maximum radiation direction is greater than 20dB.
综上所述，本发明加载方形开缝贴片的双频双极化5G天线，由于采用了加载支节扇形切角贴片不仅减小了贴片尺寸还实现了双频工作；通过加载方形开缝贴片实现了电磁波的双频零相位反射，改善了天线的阻抗匹配特性并降低了天线的高度。同时该天线具有尺寸小，制作成本低等特点，非常适合我国5G双频室内分布系统的应用。In summary, the dual-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with a square slotted patch in the present invention not only reduces the size of the patch but also realizes dual-frequency work due to the use of a fan-shaped corner-cut patch loaded with a square slot; The slotted patch realizes dual-frequency zero-phase reflection of electromagnetic waves, improves the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna and reduces the height of the antenna. At the same time, the antenna has the characteristics of small size and low production cost, which is very suitable for the application of my country's 5G dual-frequency indoor distribution system.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910517431.8ACN110233340B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Double-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with square slotted patch |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910517431.8ACN110233340B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Double-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with square slotted patch |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110233340Atrue CN110233340A (en) | 2019-09-13 |
| CN110233340B CN110233340B (en) | 2021-01-15 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910517431.8AExpired - Fee RelatedCN110233340B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Double-frequency dual-polarization 5G antenna loaded with square slotted patch |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110233340B (en) |
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