技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及隧道掘进技术领域，尤其是一种基于土压平衡式盾构机的渣土泵送工法及其系统。The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, in particular to a slag pumping method and system based on an earth pressure balance shield machine.
背景技术Background technique
盾构机是一种使用盾构法的隧道掘进机，盾构的施工法是掘进机在掘进的同时构建隧道衬砌管片。其中土压平衡式盾构机因占用场地小、价格低、适用范围广等优点而得到广泛使用。The shield machine is a tunnel boring machine that uses the shield method. The shield construction method is that the tunnel boring machine constructs the tunnel lining segments while digging. Among them, the earth pressure balance shield machine is widely used due to its advantages such as small space occupation, low price, and wide application range.
目前国内土压平衡式盾构机掘进是通过马达驱动切削刀盘旋转，同时开启盾构液压缸(千斤顶)，将盾构向前推进。切削下来的渣土进入泥土仓。然后打开螺旋输送机，将切削下来的渣土排送至皮带机上，通过皮带机将渣土输送至电瓶渣土车上，当掘进达到一环管片拼装距离时，停止掘进，进行管片拼装，同时将渣土运送至竖井，通过龙门吊将渣土吊至地面渣土存放处，然后渣土车返回，待一环管片拼装完成，且渣土车返回到位时，继续掘进，以此循环，施工示意如图1所示。At present, domestic earth pressure balance shield machine excavation uses a motor to drive the cutting cutterhead to rotate, and at the same time, the shield hydraulic cylinder (jack) is opened to push the shield forward. The cut slag goes into the soil bin. Then open the screw conveyor, discharge the cut muck to the belt conveyor, and transport the muck to the battery muck truck through the belt conveyor. When the excavation reaches the assembly distance of one ring of segments, the excavation is stopped and the segments are assembled. , transport the muck to the shaft at the same time, lift the muck to the ground muck storage place through the gantry crane, and then the muck truck returns. When the first ring of segment assembly is completed and the muck truck returns to the position, the excavation continues, and this cycle , The construction diagram is shown in Figure 1.
但上述采用皮带机结合渣土车运送的工法中，渣土车空载状态最大速度不超过8km/h，满载状态下最大速度不超过5km/h，拼装一环管片的平均时间在 25min左右。假设有3列渣土车，龙门吊吊运速度3min/列，当渣土车距离竖井 0.77km时，渣土车返回到位时，拼装机刚好完成拼装，可以继续掘进。但当渣土车距离竖井大于0.77km时，拼装机拼装完成管片时，需要等待渣土车到达后，才可继续掘进。由此可见，当掘进距离越大，需要等待渣土车的时间越久，而中小型土压平衡式盾构机施工时，隧道端面尺寸小，无法设置道岔，只能一组渣土车运送渣土，因此会严重影响盾构机的掘进速度，导致效率低，出现工期长，成本增加等问题，并且渣土车在运送过程中渣土也易掉落，污染隧道。However, in the above-mentioned construction method that uses a belt conveyor combined with a muck truck to transport the muck truck, the maximum speed of the muck truck in the unloaded state does not exceed 8km/h, and the maximum speed in the fully loaded state does not exceed 5km/h. The average time to assemble a ring of segments is about 25 minutes. . Assume that there are three rows of muck trucks and the lifting speed of the gantry crane is 3min/train. When the muck truck is 0.77km away from the shaft and the muck truck returns to the position, the assembly machine has just completed the assembly and can continue to dig. However, when the distance between the muck truck and the shaft is greater than 0.77km, and the assembler has assembled the segments, it needs to wait for the muck truck to arrive before it can continue to dig. It can be seen that the longer the excavation distance is, the longer it takes to wait for the muck truck. When constructing small and medium-sized earth pressure balance shield machines, the tunnel end face is too small to set up switches, and only a group of muck trucks can transport the muck. Soil will seriously affect the tunneling speed of the shield machine, resulting in low efficiency, long construction period, increased costs and other problems. In addition, the muck is easy to fall during the transportation process of the muck truck, polluting the tunnel.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是：提供一种基于土压平衡式盾构机的渣土泵送工法及其系统，具有排渣效率高，隧道清洁度高等特点。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slag pumping method and system based on an earth pressure balance shield machine, which has the characteristics of high slag discharge efficiency and high tunnel cleanliness.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种基于土压平衡式盾构机的渣土泵送工法，包括以下步骤：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a slag pumping method based on an earth pressure balance shield machine, which includes the following steps:
1)当盾构机掘进距离达到一环管片拼装距离时，盾构机停止掘进进行一环管片的拼装，同时螺旋输送机将刀盘切削下来的渣土排送至皮带机上；1) When the tunneling distance of the shield machine reaches the assembly distance of the first ring segment, the shield machine stops excavation and assembles the first ring segment. At the same time, the screw conveyor discharges the slag cut by the cutterhead to the belt conveyor;
2)皮带机将渣土输送泵送单元中；2) The belt conveyor transports the slag to the pumping unit;
3)泵送单元通过管路将渣土泵送至地面渣土存放处；3) The pumping unit pumps the muck to the ground muck storage place through pipelines;
4)一环管片拼装完成后，盾构机再次掘进，泵送单元向掘进方向移动，掘进距离不断增加，与泵送单元连接的管路的长度也随之增加，调整泵送单元的排土速度，边掘进边排土；4) After the first ring segment is assembled, the shield machine digs again, and the pumping unit moves in the direction of tunneling. The tunneling distance continues to increase, and the length of the pipeline connected to the pumping unit also increases. Adjust the discharge of the pumping unit. soil speed, excavation and soil discharge at the same time;
5)循环步骤1)～步骤4)。5) Cycle through steps 1) to 4).
进一步的说，本发明所述的泵送单元包括设置在隧道内后配套台车上的第一泵送单元以及设置在竖进口处的第二泵送单元。Furthermore, the pumping unit of the present invention includes a first pumping unit arranged on a supporting trolley in the tunnel and a second pumping unit arranged at the vertical inlet.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的步骤2)中，皮带机将渣土输送至隧道内后配套台车上的泵送单元中，台车位置随盾构机的静止保持不变。Furthermore, in step 2) of the present invention, the belt conveyor transports the slag to the pumping unit on the supporting trolley inside the tunnel, and the position of the trolley remains unchanged as the shield machine remains stationary.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的步骤3)中，渣土从第一泵送单元由延伸管以及多段排泥管泵送至第二泵送单元，第二泵送单元再将渣土泵送至地面渣土存放处。Furthermore, in step 3) of the present invention, the slag is pumped from the first pumping unit to the second pumping unit through the extension pipe and the multi-section mud discharge pipe, and the second pumping unit then pumps the slag. Send it to the ground waste storage area.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的步骤3)中，渣土进入泵送单元后包括以下排泥步骤，Furthermore, in step 3) of the present invention, after the slag enters the pumping unit, the following mud discharge steps are included:
A、对渣土进行过滤与筛漏，滤除较大粒径砾石以避免管路堵塞；A. Filter and sieve the muck to remove larger particle size gravel to avoid pipeline blockage;
B、对渣土进行搅拌，保证渣土达到设计要求的坍落度；B. Stir the muck to ensure that the muck reaches the slump required by the design;
C、渣土落入泵送单元底部的存料仓，第一输送油缸的回缩，第一输送缸吸入渣土，同时，第二输送油缸伸出将第二输送缸内的空气排出；C. The muck falls into the storage bin at the bottom of the pumping unit. The first conveying cylinder retracts and the first conveying cylinder sucks in the muck. At the same time, the second conveying cylinder extends to discharge the air in the second conveying cylinder;
D、S阀在摆臂油缸的推动下围绕传动轴旋转，S阀阀口对准第一输送缸时，第一输送油缸伸出挤压第一输送缸中的渣土进入S阀后再经过排泥管排出，同时，第二输送油缸的回缩，第二输送缸吸入渣土，并且，第一输送油缸伸出将第一输送缸内的空气排出；The D and S valves rotate around the transmission shaft driven by the swing arm cylinder. When the S valve port is aligned with the first conveying cylinder, the first conveying cylinder extends to squeeze the dirt in the first conveying cylinder and then passes through the S valve. The mud discharge pipe is discharged, and at the same time, the second conveying cylinder retracts, the second conveying cylinder sucks in the dirt, and the first conveying cylinder extends to discharge the air in the first conveying cylinder;
E、S阀在摆臂油缸的推动下围绕传动轴旋转，S阀阀口对准第二输送缸，第二输送油缸伸出挤压第二输送缸中的渣土进入S阀后再经过排泥管排出；The E and S valves rotate around the transmission shaft driven by the swing arm cylinder. The S valve port is aligned with the second conveying cylinder. The second conveying cylinder extends to squeeze the dirt in the second conveying cylinder and enters the S valve and then passes through the discharge cylinder. mud pipe discharge;
F、循环步骤C～E。F. Cycle steps C to E.
同时，本发明还提供一种基于土压平衡式盾构机的渣土泵送系统，包括与盾构机掘进刀盘连接的螺旋机以及设置于螺旋机后方用以运送渣土的皮带机，还包括泵送单元，所述的泵送单元通过管路将渣土直接泵送至地面渣土存放处。At the same time, the present invention also provides a slag pumping system based on an earth pressure balance shield machine, including a screw machine connected to the tunneling cutterhead of the shield machine and a belt conveyor arranged behind the screw machine for transporting slag. It also includes a pumping unit that pumps the slag directly to the ground slag storage place through pipelines.
进一步的说，本发明所述的泵送单元包括设置在隧道内后配套台车上的第一泵送单元以及设置在竖进口处的第二泵送单元，第一泵送单元与第二泵送单元之间由延伸管以及多段排泥管连接。Furthermore, the pumping unit of the present invention includes a first pumping unit disposed on a supporting trolley in the tunnel and a second pumping unit disposed at the vertical inlet. The first pumping unit and the second pump The delivery units are connected by extension pipes and multi-section mud discharge pipes.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的泵送单元包括设置于上部的过滤装置、设置于中部的搅拌装置以及设置于底部的输送装置，渣土由过滤装置滤除较大粒径砾石后进入搅拌装置搅拌达到设计要求的坍落度，所述的输送装置包括第一输送通路、第二输送通路以及通路切换连接阀，通路切换连接阀依次交替与第一输送通路、第二输送通路连通，渣土交替不间断的由第一输送通路以及第二输送通路排出。Furthermore, the pumping unit of the present invention includes a filtering device arranged at the upper part, a stirring device arranged at the middle part, and a conveying device arranged at the bottom. The muck is filtered out by the filtering device to remove larger particle size gravels and then enters the stirring device. The device stirs to achieve the slump required by the design. The conveying device includes a first conveying passage, a second conveying passage and a passage switching connection valve. The passage switching connection valve is alternately connected to the first conveying passage and the second conveying passage. The slag The soil is discharged alternately and continuously from the first conveying passage and the second conveying passage.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的第一输送通路包括第一输送油缸以及第一输送缸，第二输送通路包括第二输送油缸以及第二输送缸；所述的第一输送油缸回缩，第一输送缸吸入渣土，同时，第二输送油缸伸出将第二输送缸内的空气排出；所述的第二输送油缸回缩，第二输送缸吸入渣土，同时，第一输送油缸伸出将第一输送缸内的空气排出。Furthermore, the first conveying passage according to the present invention includes a first conveying oil cylinder and a first conveying cylinder, and the second conveying passage includes a second conveying oil cylinder and a second conveying cylinder; the first conveying oil cylinder retracts, The first conveying cylinder sucks in the muck, and at the same time, the second conveying cylinder extends to discharge the air in the second conveying cylinder; the second conveying cylinder retracts, and the second conveying cylinder inhales the muck, and at the same time, the first conveying cylinder Extend to exhaust the air in the first conveying cylinder.
再进一步的说，本发明所述的通路切换连接阀为S阀，所述S阀通过摆臂油缸进行换向，所述的摆臂油缸的活塞杆抵于S阀的S管焊接体表面。Furthermore, the passage switching connection valve of the present invention is an S valve. The S valve is reversed by a swing arm cylinder. The piston rod of the swing arm cylinder is against the surface of the S tube welding body of the S valve.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、实现了渣土的连续输送，解决了中小型土压平衡式盾构机施工中，采用皮带机与渣土车运送工法因隧道端面尺寸小而无法设置道岔时，须长时间等待渣土车的问题，大大提高了土压平衡式盾构机掘进的速度，提高了施工效率，降低了施工成本。1. It realizes the continuous transportation of muck and solves the problem that in the construction of small and medium-sized earth pressure balance shield machines, when the belt conveyor and muck truck transportation method is used to transport the muck due to the small size of the tunnel end face, it is impossible to set up a turnout and the muck has to wait for a long time. It greatly improves the excavation speed of earth pressure balance shield machine, improves construction efficiency and reduces construction costs.
2、有效的控制渣土在运送过程中的掉落问题，保证了隧道内的清洁，提供了干净、清洁的施工环境。2. Effectively control the problem of soil falling during transportation, ensuring the cleanliness of the tunnel and providing a clean and clean construction environment.
3、简化了渣土排送的流程，只需泵送单元、延伸管与排泥管即可完成渣土的排送，整个过程更加机械化、自动化。3. The process of soil discharge is simplified. Only the pumping unit, extension pipe and mud discharge pipe are needed to complete the discharge of soil. The whole process is more mechanized and automated.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是现有技术的施工工法示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction method in the prior art;
图2是本发明的施工工法示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction method of the present invention;
图3是本发明渣土泵送单元的结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the slag pumping unit of the present invention;
图4是图3的A-A面剖视图；Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A of Figure 3;
图5是图3的俯视图；Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3;
图6是图5的A-A面剖视图；Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A plane in Figure 5;
图中：1、存料仓；2、排泥管；3、搅拌从动装置；4、振动电机；5、液压马达；6、第一摆臂油缸；7、第二摆臂油缸、8、第一输送缸；9、第二输送缸； 10、第一输送油缸；11、第二输送油缸；12、S阀；13、搅拌挡板；14、过滤筛网；15、搅拌装置；16、传动轴；17、螺旋机；18、皮带机；19、台车；20、泵送单元；21、延伸管；22、渣土存放处。In the picture: 1. Storage bin; 2. Mud discharge pipe; 3. Stirring driven device; 4. Vibration motor; 5. Hydraulic motor; 6. First swing arm cylinder; 7. Second swing arm cylinder, 8. The first conveying cylinder; 9. The second conveying cylinder; 10. The first conveying cylinder; 11. The second conveying cylinder; 12. S valve; 13. Stirring baffle; 14. Filter screen; 15. Stirring device; 16. Drive shaft; 17. Screw machine; 18. Belt conveyor; 19. Trolley; 20. Pumping unit; 21. Extension pipe; 22. Muck storage place.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在结合附图和优选实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the structures related to the present invention.
如图2-6所示的一种基于土压平衡式盾构机的渣土泵送工法及其系统。As shown in Figure 2-6, a slag pumping method and system based on an earth pressure balance shield machine are shown.
当盾构机停机进行管片拼装时，是通过螺旋机17，将刀盘切削下来的渣土排送至皮带机18上，通过皮带机18将渣土输送至泵送单元20中，泵送单元20 通过排泥管2将渣土排送至竖井口处的泵送单元20处，竖井口的泵送单元20 再将渣土泵送至地面渣土存放处22，如图2所示。When the shield machine is stopped for segment assembly, the slag cut by the cutterhead is discharged to the belt conveyor 18 through the screw machine 17, and the slag is transported to the pumping unit 20 through the belt conveyor 18 for pumping. The unit 20 discharges the muck to the pumping unit 20 at the shaft mouth through the mud discharge pipe 2. The pumping unit 20 at the shaft mouth then pumps the muck to the ground muck storage place 22, as shown in Figure 2.
泵送单元20安装在后配套台车19上，当一环管片拼装完成后，盾构机重新开始掘进，同时牵引台车19移动，当掘进距离不断增加时，相应的延伸管21 进行延伸，达到延伸管21长度时，只需增加排泥管2的数量，调整泵送单元20 排土的速度，即可保证边掘进边排土，达到一环管片拼装距离时，停止掘进，进行管片拼装，完成后继续掘进，泵送单元继续排土，以此循环。以此实现了渣土的连续输送，解决了中小型土压平衡式盾构机施工中，采用皮带机与渣土车运送工法因隧道端面尺寸小而无法设置道岔时，须长时间等待渣土车的问题，大大提高了土压平衡式盾构机掘进的速度，提高了施工效率，降低了施工成本。The pumping unit 20 is installed on the rear matching trolley 19. After the assembly of a ring of segments is completed, the shield machine restarts excavation, and at the same time the traction trolley 19 moves. When the excavation distance continues to increase, the corresponding extension pipe 21 is extended. , when the length of the extension pipe 21 is reached, it is only necessary to increase the number of mud discharge pipes 2 and adjust the soil discharge speed of the pumping unit 20 to ensure soil discharge while excavation. When the assembly distance of the first ring segment is reached, the excavation is stopped and the The segments are assembled, and after completion, the excavation continues, and the pumping unit continues to discharge soil, and the cycle continues. This realizes the continuous transportation of muck, and solves the problem that in the construction of small and medium-sized earth pressure balance shield machines, when the belt conveyor and muck truck transportation method is used to transport the muck due to the small size of the tunnel end face, it is impossible to set up a turnout, which means that the muck must wait for a long time. It greatly improves the excavation speed of earth pressure balance shield machine, improves construction efficiency and reduces construction costs.
泵送单元的结构组成如图3-6所示，包括：存料仓1、排泥管2、搅拌从动装置3、振动电机4、液压马达5、摆臂油缸6、摆臂油缸7、第一输送缸8、第二输送缸9、第一输送油缸10、第二输送油缸11、S阀12、搅拌挡板13、过滤筛网14、搅拌装置15、传动轴16。The structural composition of the pumping unit is shown in Figure 3-6, including: storage bin 1, mud discharge pipe 2, mixing driven device 3, vibration motor 4, hydraulic motor 5, swing arm cylinder 6, swing arm cylinder 7, The first conveying cylinder 8, the second conveying cylinder 9, the first conveying oil cylinder 10, the second conveying oil cylinder 11, S valve 12, stirring baffle 13, filter screen 14, stirring device 15, transmission shaft 16.
当渣土进入存料仓1时，先进入过滤筛网14，在振动电机4的振动下，进行过滤与筛漏，滤除较大粒径砾石以避免管路堵塞；当渣土进入搅拌挡板13层时，通过液压马达5与搅拌从动装置3，带动搅拌装置15对渣土进行搅拌，保证渣土达到设计要求的坍落度；当渣土落入存料仓1底部时，第一输送油缸10 回缩吸入渣土进入第一输送缸8，同时第二输送油缸11伸出，排出第二输送缸 9内空气；当第一输送油缸10回缩完成，第一摆臂油缸6伸出，第二摆臂油缸 7回缩，使S阀12围绕传动轴16旋转；当S阀12阀口对准第一输送缸8时，第一输送油缸10伸出挤压第一输送缸8中的渣土进入S阀12，在经过排泥管2 排出；同时第二输送油缸11回缩吸入渣土进入第二输送缸9，第一输送油缸10 伸出完成后，第一摆臂油缸6回缩，第二摆臂油缸7伸出，使S阀12围绕传动轴16旋转；当S阀12阀口对准第二输送缸9时，第二输送油缸11伸出挤压第二输送缸9中的渣土进入S阀12，再经过排泥管2排出，同时第一输送油缸10 回缩吸入渣土，以此循环。When the muck enters the storage bin 1, it first enters the filter screen 14. Under the vibration of the vibration motor 4, filtering and screening are performed to filter out larger particle size gravel to avoid pipeline blockage; when the muck enters the mixing block When the slab is on the 13th floor, the hydraulic motor 5 and the stirring driven device 3 drive the stirring device 15 to stir the muck to ensure that the muck reaches the slump required by the design; when the muck falls into the bottom of the storage bin 1, the first A conveying cylinder 10 retracts to suck the dirt into the first conveying cylinder 8, and at the same time the second conveying cylinder 11 extends to discharge the air in the second conveying cylinder 9; when the first conveying cylinder 10 completes retraction, the first swing arm cylinder 6 Extend, the second swing arm cylinder 7 retracts, causing the S valve 12 to rotate around the transmission shaft 16; when the valve port of the S valve 12 is aligned with the first delivery cylinder 8, the first delivery cylinder 10 extends to squeeze the first delivery cylinder The muck in 8 enters the S valve 12 and is discharged through the mud discharge pipe 2; at the same time, the second conveying cylinder 11 retracts to suck the muck into the second conveying cylinder 9. After the first conveying cylinder 10 is extended, the first swing arm The oil cylinder 6 retracts and the second swing arm oil cylinder 7 extends, causing the S valve 12 to rotate around the transmission shaft 16; when the valve port of the S valve 12 is aligned with the second delivery cylinder 9, the second delivery cylinder 11 extends to squeeze the second The muck in the conveying cylinder 9 enters the S valve 12 and is discharged through the mud discharge pipe 2. At the same time, the first conveying cylinder 10 retracts to suck in the muck, and the cycle continues.
以上说明书中描述的只是本发明的具体实施方式，各种举例说明不对本发明的实质内容构成限制，所属技术领域的普通技术人员在阅读了说明书后可以对以前所述的具体实施方式做修改或变形，而不背离发明的实质和范围。What is described in the above description is only the specific implementation mode of the present invention. Various examples do not limit the essential content of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the technical field can make modifications or modifications to the previously described specific implementation modes after reading the description. deformation without departing from the essence and scope of the invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594709.1ACN110219665B (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Residue soil pumping construction method and system based on soil pressure balance type shield tunneling machine |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594709.1ACN110219665B (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Residue soil pumping construction method and system based on soil pressure balance type shield tunneling machine |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110219665A CN110219665A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN110219665Btrue CN110219665B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910594709.1AActiveCN110219665B (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Residue soil pumping construction method and system based on soil pressure balance type shield tunneling machine |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110219665B (en) |
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| CN207847647U (en)* | 2018-01-25 | 2018-09-11 | 上海力行工程技术发展有限公司 | A kind of telescopic pipeline for pumping out soil series system extends device |
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| 土压平衡盾构机渣土输送系统综述;王正庭;;机电工程技术;20160721(第07期);全文* |
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| CN110219665A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | Denomination of invention:Construction method and system of soil pumping based on soil pressure balance shield machine Granted publication date:20240319 Pledgee:Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Nanjing Xuanwu sub branch Pledgor:JIANGSU GERUITE PIPE NETWORK ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Registration number:Y2025980007009 |