Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of fixation Optical devices, ophthalmic measurement system and imaging method, can make the eyes of measured fromFixation so is carried out, to can avoid using focusing motor.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of fixation Optical devices, including multiple groups are set by setting spacing along optical pathThe fixation light source set；
The fixation light source includes luminescent device, the first optical device and the fixation being arranged on first optical devicePattern；
The luminescent device is used for the laterally irradiation fixation pattern along first optical device, so that the fixationPattern becomes secondary source；
The fixation pattern of fixation light source described in multiple groups is arranged along the optical path, and at least one in multiple fixation patternsIt is a to be observed at least part along the optical path.
In one possible implementation, the size of multiple fixation patterns is different；Alternatively, multiple described solidThe projection that the size of view case is identical and multiple fixation patterns are in the projection plane perpendicular to the optical path mutually staggersAt least partially.
In one possible implementation, the fixation pattern can be scattered light.
In one possible implementation, the material of first optical device is glass, and the fixation pattern is to setThe frosted pattern being placed on first optical device.
In one possible implementation, first optical device is plate glass；The quantity of the fixation light sourceIt is three groups or more.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provide a kind of ophthalmic measurement system, including above-mentioned fixation Optical devices.
It in one possible implementation, further include optical coherence tomography and iris image pickup camera；It is describedOptical coherence tomography includes sample arm, and the sample arm includes connecing mesh object lens along what the direction of light incidence was set graduallyWith preposition dichroscope；
The iris image pickup camera connects mesh object lens and the preposition dichroscope described in including, and includes incident along lightThe relay lens and third spectroscope that direction sets gradually and is located at after the preposition dichroscope；
The fixation Optical devices meet mesh object lens, the preposition dichroscope, the relay lens and institute described in further includingState third spectroscope.
In one possible implementation, the optical coherence tomography further include light source, fiber coupler,Reference arm, detection device and computer；
The light source can provide light to the sample arm and the reference arm by the fiber coupler；
The light that the detection device is used to export the fiber coupler detects；
The data that the computer is used to export the detection device are handled.
In one possible implementation, the reference arm includes the reference arm light set gradually along the incident direction of lightReuter's mirror, reference arm spectroscope, anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror and after the eye of the spectroscopical reflected light of the reference arm can be reflectedSave reference arm reflecting mirror；
The light of the reference arm spectroscope transmissive first wave length and the light that second wave length can be reflected, the first wave length withThe second wave length is different wavelength；The anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror can reflect the light of the first wave length；The eyeDeutomerite reference arm reflecting mirror can reflect the light of the second wave length；
From the anterior ocular segment of tested eye reflect first wave length light by it is described connect mesh object lens after can with by the anterior ocular segmentThe light of the first wave length of reference arm reflecting mirror reflection is interfered in the fiber coupler；
From the oculi posterior segment of tested eye reflect second wave length light by it is described connect mesh object lens after can with by the oculi posterior segmentThe light of the second wave length of reference arm reflecting mirror reflection is interfered in the fiber coupler.
In one possible implementation, the sample arm is arranged along the direction of light incidence and is located at describedScanning means after preposition dichroscope.
In one possible implementation, the spectroscopical plated film of the reference arm meets: the critical point of total transmissivity is (λ0- △ λ 1), the critical point of total reflection is (λ 0+ △ λ 2), wherein λ 0 is the total reflection of ideal setting and the critical wave of total transmissivityIt is long.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provide a kind of optical coherence chromatography imaging method, survey using according to above-mentioned ophthalmologyAmount system；The optical coherence chromatography imaging method includes:
It receives front and back and saves interference spectrum signal；
Front and back section interference spectrum is divided into long and short two wave band, obtains long and short two section interference spectrum；
Operation is carried out respectively to the long and short two section interference spectrum signal, so that obtaining front and back saves two optical coherence tomographiesImage.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present application provide a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage mediumProgram instruction is stored in matter makes the processor execute above-mentioned side when described program instructs the processor execution by computerMethod.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The multiple groups fixation light source of fixation Optical devices is arranged along optical path by setting spacing, so that corresponding multiple groups fixation patternPosition in the different dioptrics of correspondence.The size of each group fixation pattern is different and is arranged along optical path.Due to multi-group light-emitting devicePart carries out side lighting to each group fixation pattern respectively, and fixation pattern becomes secondary source.In this way, allowing for the quilt of different dioptricsThe eyes of survey person see the fixation pattern of corresponding dioptric along optical path naturally, thus avoid focusing using focusing motor, it canThe structure for simplifying fixation Optical devices, can reduce the quantity of regulating member, to reduce cost.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing 1 to Figure 11 to this ShenIt please be described in further detail.
Term " first " and " second " in the description of the present application, claims and attached drawing etc. are for distinguishing differenceObject is not use to describe a particular order.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformations, it is intended thatIt covers and non-exclusive includes.Such as it contains the process, method, system, product or equipment of a series of steps or units and does not limitDue to listed step or unit, but optionally further comprising the step of not listing or unit, or optionally further comprising it is rightIn the intrinsic other step or units of these process, methods, product or equipment.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the ophthalmic measurement system of the present embodiment includes that optical coherence tomography 110, iris are taken the photographAs device 190 and fixation Optical devices 170.Optical coherence tomography is also referred to as OCT (Optical CoherenceTomography, optical coherent chromatographic imaging) imaging device.In Fig. 2, L1 indicates optical path.
With reference to Fig. 3, the optical coherence tomography 110 of the present embodiment include light source 1101, fiber coupler 1103,Reference arm 112, detection device 1141, computer 1143 and sample arm 130.
Light source 1101 is weak coherent light source, can be provided by fiber coupler 1103 to sample arm 130 and reference arm 112Light.That is, the light that light source 1101 exports is incident to sample arm 130 and reference arm 112 after fiber coupler 1103.Light source 1101The wavelength of the light of output is about the wavelength of near infrared light.
With reference to Fig. 3, reference arm 112 includes setting gradually reference arm light Reuter mirror 1121, reference arm along the incident direction of lightSpectroscope 1123 and oculi posterior segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1127, and the anterior ocular segment reference arm positioned at 1123 side of reference arm spectroscopeReflecting mirror 1125.Anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1125 can non-reflective reference arm spectroscope 1123 reflected light.
In reference arm 112, reference arm spectroscope 1123 can be semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens or dichroscope.In the present embodimentIn, reference arm spectroscope 1123 is dichroscope.The light of 1123 transmissive first wave length of reference arm spectroscope and second can be reflectedThe light of wavelength, wherein first wave length is different wavelength from second wave length.Specifically, 1123 transmissive wave of reference arm spectroscopeLong longer light and the shorter light of the shorter light of reflection wavelength or transmission peak wavelength and the longer light of reflection wavelength.In this implementationIn example, the longer wavelengths of light of 1123 transmissive of reference arm spectroscope and the shorter light of reflection wavelength；The light of first wave length is wavelengthLonger light；The light of second wave length is the shorter light of wavelength.
Reference light is transferred to reference arm spectroscope 1123 by reference arm light Reuter mirror 1121, wherein longer wavelengths of part is saturatingIt crosses reference arm spectroscope 1123 and is transferred to oculi posterior segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1127, the shorter part of medium wavelength is divided through reference armThe reflection of mirror 1123 is transferred to anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1125.
Reference light is transferred to the distance and reference of anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1125 by reference arm light Reuter mirror 1121Light is preset fixed value by the distance that reference arm light Reuter mirror 1121 is transferred to oculi posterior segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1127.
Longer wavelengths of reference light returns in fiber coupler 1103 after the reflection of oculi posterior segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1127, waveLong shorter reference light returns in fiber coupler 1103 after the reflection of anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1125.
With reference to Fig. 3, sample arm 130 include set gradually along the direction of light incidence connect mesh object lens 1311, preposition dichroicMirror 1309, scanning means 1305, focusing lens 1303 and Polarization Controller 1301.
Sample arm 130 provides measurement light to tested human eye E, and the measurement light come is scattered back from sample namely tested human eye EIt is interfered in fiber coupler 1103 by sample arm 130 and the reflected reference light of reference arm 112.
One-dimensional scanning mechanism can be used in scanning means 1305, and two-dimentional scanning mechanism can also be used.
When carrying out OCT image, the measurement light launched from focusing lens 1303 is reflected through scanning means 1305.At this point,Scanning means 1305 is controlled by computer 1143, measurement light light beam be scanned device 1305 reflect after, be incident to preposition two toLook mirror 1309, and be reflected into through preposition dichroscope 1309 and connect mesh object lens 1311, part measures the anterior ocular segment that light is tested human eye EReflection, part measure light and finally scatter by tested human eye E to eyeground, and through eyeground.
Wherein, from the shorter measurement light of wavelength of tested human eye E anterior ocular segment reflection and by anterior ocular segment reference arm reflecting mirrorThe shorter reference light of wavelength of 1125 reflections is interfered, from the longer wavelengths of measurement light of tested human eye E oculi posterior segment reflection withInterfered by the longer wavelengths of reference light that oculi posterior segment reference arm reflecting mirror 1127 reflects.
Interference light is detected device 1141 and detects, and handles using computer 1143, finally shows sampleDeutomerite OCT image at the moment.Sample is scanned by scanning means 1305, realizes the tomographic imaging of OCT.
With reference to Fig. 4, iris image pickup camera 190 is used for iris preview, in order to instruct tester namely doctor to operate instrument,Probe optical path is allowed to be directed at human eye to be measured.
With reference to Fig. 4, iris image pickup camera 190 along the direction of light incidence successively includes lighting source 1901, connects mesh object lens1311, preposition dichroscope 1309, relay lens 1905, third spectroscope 1907, iris imaging lens 1909 and photographic device1911.That is, iris image pickup camera 190 and optical coherence tomography 110 share connect mesh object lens 1311 and preposition two toLook mirror 1309.The light that preposition dichroscope 1309 can issue the lighting source 1901 in iris photographing module 190 transmits,The signal light that can be issued to light source 1101 reflects.
The light that lighting source 1901 issues is specially camera oculi anterior of the near infrared light to tested human eye E, through camera oculi anterior groupScattering is knitted, scatters light through and connects mesh object lens 1311, preposition dichroscope 1309, relay lens 1905, later by third spectroscope1907 reflections, are then passed through iris imaging lens 1909, are finally taken by photographic device 1911.
With reference to Fig. 5, the fixation Optical devices 170 of the present embodiment include the fixation light that multiple groups are arranged by setting spacing along optical pathSource 1701.Fixation light source 1701 is used to be detected the fixation mark (internal fixation mark) of human eye E fixation.
With reference to Fig. 5, every group of fixation light source 1701 includes luminescent device 17011, the first optical device 17013 and setting theFixation pattern 17015 on one optical device.Luminescent device 17011 is for illuminating.First optical device 17013 is used for fixationPattern 17015 is arranged in the optical path.
In the present embodiment, fixation light source 1701 is three groups, provides the fixation pattern 17015 of front and back different location.At itIn its embodiment, fixation light source 1701 can be two groups, four groups, five groups, six groups, seven groups or eight groups or more.
In the present embodiment: luminescent device 17011 is fixation illuminating LED lamp；First optical device 17013 is plate glassGlass.
Fixation pattern 17015 is used to be detected the fixation of human eye E fixation.The size of three fixation patterns 17015 is different.
With reference to Fig. 5, three the first optical devices 17013 for being provided with fixation pattern 17015 are arranged along optical path, in this way,Three fixation patterns 17015 are also just arranged along optical path.Three luminescent devices 17011 are then located at three the first optical devices17013 it is lateral, so as to along the lateral irradiation fixation pattern 17015 of the first optical device 17013, make fixation pattern 17015 atFor secondary source.
Specifically, luminescent device 17011 uses side lighting, allows it towards 17013 side lighting of the first optical device, illuminateThe fixation pattern 17015 in 17013 center of the first optical device.At this point, fixation pattern 17015 shines as secondary source, it can quiltProject to the eyeground of tested human eye E.
Fixation pattern 17015 can be formed by doing frosted processing to plate glass, so as to be scattered to light, warpIt shines after light irradiation as secondary source.In other embodiments, fixation pattern 17015 is by the optical device of light transmissionIt is carved or is etched and formed.
Spacing between three groups of fixation light sources 1701 is arranged according to required dioptric position.First fixation pattern 17015The two sides of second fixation pattern 17015 are located at third fixation pattern 17015.First fixation pattern 17015 withThird fixation pattern 17015 is set to the position of lucky satisfaction ± 5D dioptric.That is, measured's eyes of ± 5D dioptric can be lessArduously see first fixation pattern 17015 or third fixation pattern 17015 clearly.Certainly, first fixation pattern 17015 andThree fixation patterns 17015 may also set up in the position of other dioptrics.
At least one of three fixation patterns 17015 can be observed at least part along optical path；Specifically tested personAt least part of some fixation pattern 17015 can be observed along optical path by eye E, to carry out fixation.In the present embodiment, threeAll on an axis, but the size and shape of three fixation patterns 17015 is different at the center of fixation pattern 17015.It is to be measuredHuman eye is voluntarily adjusted during detection, one of three fixation patterns 17015 of fixation.With reference to Fig. 6, in the present embodiment,In three fixation patterns 17015, first fixation pattern 17015 is rectangle, second fixation pattern 17015 be it is circular,Third fixation pattern 17015 is triangle；Wherein, first fixation pattern 17015 is maximum, second fixation pattern17015 take second place, and third fixation pattern 17015 is minimum；At least a part of three the first optical devices 17013 are light transmissions,Specifically, second the first optical device 17013 and the first optical device 17013 of third are in maximum fixation pattern 17015It namely within the scope of the orthographic projection of first fixation pattern 17015 is light transmission；Certainly, second 17013 He of the first optical deviceThe first optical device 17013 of third can also be integrally light transmission；In this way, the light that first fixation pattern 17015 issues canEnter in measured's eyes through second the first optical device 17013 and the first optical device 17013 of third, second solidThe light that view case 17015 issues can pass through the first optical device 17013 of third and enter in measured's eyes；Three fixation patterns17015 it is not of uniform size, what measured was visually observed is profile or the part of some fixation pattern 17015, to carry outFixation.
As described above, the multiple groups fixation light source 1701 of the fixation Optical devices 170 of the present embodiment is along optical path by settingSpacing setting, so that corresponding multiple groups fixation pattern 17015 is in the position of corresponding different dioptrics.Each group fixation pattern 17015Size it is different and along optical path be arranged.Since multi-group light-emitting device 17011 carries out side to each group fixation pattern 17015 respectivelyTo illumination, fixation pattern 17015 becomes secondary source.In this way, allowing for the eyes of the measured of different dioptrics along optical path natureThe fixation pattern 17015 of corresponding dioptric is seen on ground, to avoid focusing using focusing motor, can simplify fixation Optical devicesStructure, reduce the quantity of regulating member, reduce cost.
In other embodiments, the size of multiple fixation patterns 17015 is variant, but shape is identical；Alternatively, with reference to figure12, the size and shape of three fixation patterns 17015 is all the same, and three fixation patterns on the projection plane perpendicular to optical path17015 projection mutually staggers at least part, so that each fixation pattern can be observed at least part along optical path；ThisAt least part of some fixation pattern in multiple fixation patterns 17015 can be observed along optical path by sample, tested human eye E, thusCarry out fixation.
With reference to Fig. 7, the fixation Optical devices 170 of the present embodiment further include above-mentioned connecing mesh object lens 1311, preposition dichroicMirror 1309, relay lens 1905 and third spectroscope 1907.That is, fixation Optical devices 170 and optical coherent chromatographic imaging fillIt sets 110 and shares and connect mesh object lens 1311 and preposition dichroscope 1309, share relay lens 1905 and the with iris image pickup camera 190Three spectroscopes 1907.
Preposition dichroscope 1309 can also in fixation Optical devices 170 fixation light source 1701 issue wavelength beThe fixation light of 550nm is transmitted.
In system setting, so that relay lens 1905 and to connect mesh object lens 1311 confocal, composition Kepler telescope system.TheTwo fixation patterns 17015 are set to the object space focal plane of the 5th lens 1703.First fixation pattern 17015 and third are solidView case 17015 is distributed in second 17015 two sides of fixation pattern.
Light from fixation light source 1701 passes through third spectroscope 1907, relay lens 1905 by the 5th lens 1703And after the transmission of preposition dichroscope 1309, which is incident on tested human eye E by connecing mesh object lens 1311.Finally, internal solidSighting target is projected to the eyeground of tested human eye E.
Tester fixes the head of measured using lower jaw rest device (not shown), and allows measured's fixation fixation opticsThe fixation mark namely fixation pattern of device 170, so that tested human eye E is fixed.Later, tester passes through observation computer on one side1143 display screen controls the movement of lower jaw rest device and probe etc. by operating stick on one side so that the iris of tested eye E intoEnter in photographic device 1911, and iris picture is presented in the display screen of computer 1143.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of optical coherence chromatography imaging method, and this method uses the ophthalmic measurement system of the present embodimentSystem.In the present embodiment, the executing subject namely computer 1143 that computer 1143 is this method are for executing this method.
The waveform that light source 1101 exports is as shown in Figure 8.As previously mentioned, the light returned through sample scattering, is returned with reference arm 112The light returned interferes in fiber coupler 1103, which is transmitted to detection device 1141 again, and it is dry to form front and back sectionRelate to spectral signal.It is as shown in Figure 9 that interference spectrum legend is saved in front and back.Computer 1143 receives the front and back of the transmission of detection device 1141After saving interference spectrum signal, interference spectrum is divided into long and short two wave band, obtains left-half interference spectrum and right side in Fig. 9Divide interference spectrum, and to this two sections of interference spectrum signals, carry out the operations such as Fourier respectively, so that obtaining front and back saves two OCTImage.
According to spectral-domain OCT system, then detection device 1141 is spectrometer, and the transmission of reception optical fiber coupler 1103 comesInterference spectrum is saved in front and back, and is transferred to computer 1143.Front and back section interference spectrum is divided by computer 1143 by calculation processLong and short two wave band, and the operations such as Fourier are carried out respectively to this long and short two section interference spectrum signal, to obtain two, front and back sectionOCT image.
According to frequency sweep OCT system, then light source 1101 is swept light source, and detection device 1141 is detector.Detection dress1141 received frequency sweep spectrum are set after photoelectric conversion, front and back is obtained and saves interference spectrum signal.Detection device 1141 saves front and backInterference spectrum signal is transferred to computer 1143.Front and back interference spectrum is divided into long and short two by calculation process by computer 1143Wave band, and the operations such as Fourier are carried out respectively to this long and short two section interference spectrum signal, so that obtaining front and back saves two OCT figuresPicture.
In this way, no matter frequency domain OCT system or frequency sweep OCT system, can be by spectral, and combine front and back section OCT sampleProduct arm optical path, so that obtaining completely real-time front and back saves OCT image.The present embodiment is also not limited to applicable frequency domain OCT system and sweepsFrequency OCT system.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realize all or part of the process in embodiment method, it can be by calculatingMachine program instructs relevant hardware to complete, and program can be stored in computer-readable storage medium, program when being executed, canProcess including such as each method embodiment.And storage medium above-mentioned include: ROM or random access memory RAM, magnetic disk orThe medium of the various program storage codes such as CD.
To realize the light of 1123 transmissive first wave length of reference arm spectroscope and the light of second wave length can be reflected, reference arm pointThe situation that the plated film of light microscopic 1123 is ideal is as shown in Figure 10, is less than λ to wavelength0Light total transmissivity (or total reflection), and to waveIt is long to be greater than λ0Light be then totally reflected (or total transmissivity).Actual waveform is always unable to reach theoretical limit, and transmits and reflectBetween there are intermediate zones, as shown in figure 11.Therefore, detection device 1141 and computer 1143 are to less than 1 wave band of λ 0- △ λSpectrum and spectrum greater than 2 wave band of λ 0+ △ λ, carry out OCT related operation described above respectively.
Wherein, the spectrum between (λ 0- △ λ 1)~(λ 0+ △ λ 2) is intermediate zone, and λ 0 is for the ideal total reflection set and entirelyThe critical wavelength of transmission, but perfect condition is not achieved in practical coating effects.When practical plated film, existed between total reflection and total transmissivityCross state.The spectrum of setting < (λ 0- △ λ 1) wave band can be by total transmissivity, and the spectrum of < (λ 0+ △ λ 2) wave band can be totally reflected.CauseThis, when practical plated film, the critical point of total transmissivity is (λ 0- △ λ 1), and the critical point of total reflection is (λ 0+ △ λ 2).(λ 0- △ λ 1) isPractical total transmissivity start wavelength；(λ 0+ △ λ 2) is that practical total reflection terminates wavelength；△ λ 1 is practical total transmissivity start wavelength and reasonThink the departure of the total reflection of setting and the critical wavelength λ 0 of total transmissivity；△ λ 2 is that practical total reflection termination wavelength is set with idealTotal reflection and total transmissivity critical wavelength λ 0 departure.
As described above, iris image pickup camera 190 and optical coherence tomography 110 share and connect mesh object lens 1311With preposition dichroscope 1309.Fixation Optical devices 170 and optical coherence tomography 110 share connect mesh object lens 1311 andPreposition dichroscope 1309 shares relay lens 1905 and third spectroscope 1907 with iris image pickup camera 190.Optical coherence tomographyAnalysis imaging device 110 can obtain retinal thickness, cornea, crystalline lens front and rear surfaces OCT image, before and after obtaining corneaThe human eyes structures important parameters such as surface curvature, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, crystalline lens front and rear surfaces curvature.It is logicalThe front and back section OCT image for crossing the formation of optical coherence tomography 110, in conjunction with the light path of front and back section 130 optical path of OCT sample armDifference, can obtain human eye axial length data and other human eyes structure important parameters.Iris image pickup camera 190 can obtain white to whiteThe human eyes structures important parameter such as distance, pupil diameter.One-shot measurement acquisition front and back section OCT image and realize cornea, anterior chamber depth,Axis oculi length, corneal curvature, the white detection for arriving numerous human eye key parameters such as white can be improved measuring speed, can be improved convenient for operationEfficiency and the experience that measured can be improved.
Scanning means 1305 need to realize scanning function, and not have to carry out optical path switching, the angle of rotation of scanning means 1305Spend small, speed is fast.The complete scanning imagery simultaneously of front and back section, the scanning per second that tens width figures can be achieved, speed is fast, can avoid human eyeThe influence of random motion, so as to accurately measure human eye axial length.Also it can avoid in optical switching process since human eye shake is madeAt the long measurement inaccuracy of axis oculi.
The ophthalmic measurement system of the present embodiment can be used as front and back section imaging OCT system.Using light splitting spectral technology, using singleProbe source, individual signals detection device are not necessarily to path switching mechanisms, realize that front and back section detects simultaneously completely, realize human eye notWith the quick OCT image at position, to realize the detection of different depth sample, improve the investigative range of OCT system, using compared withFew movement mechanism, it is at low cost.On the basis of the OCT image of human eye different parts, it is able to achieve axis oculi length, anterior chamber depth, crystalline substanceThe quick and precisely measurement of shape body thickness etc., without mobile reference arm.Section detects optical path before and after realizing spectral, so that before human eyeDeutomerite is detected using different optical path, to improve the noise of every road detection when image quality.
The above content is combine it is specific/further detailed description of the invention for preferred embodiment, cannot recognizeFixed specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs,Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some replacements or modifications can also be made to the embodiment that these have been described,And these substitutions or variant all shall be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.