技术领域technical field
本发明属于新能源汽车的技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular relates to an electric vehicle charging device and method suitable for public transportation or logistics stations.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，电动汽车以其零排放的特点得到政府大力支持和推广，应用也越来越广。In recent years, electric vehicles have been strongly supported and promoted by the government due to their zero-emission characteristics, and their applications are becoming more and more widespread.
由于公交和物流车辆具有行驶路线固定、里程可控的特点，使电动汽车正在被快速应用。目前，市场中运营的充电设备大多以快速充满电、服务社会车辆为主要目的，而针对公交车和物流车辆的日常调度和运营成本无法得到较好的均衡，具体如下：Due to the characteristics of fixed driving routes and controllable mileage of public transport and logistics vehicles, electric vehicles are being rapidly applied. At present, most of the charging equipment operating in the market is mainly aimed at fast charging and serving social vehicles, but the daily dispatch and operating costs of buses and logistics vehicles cannot be well balanced, as follows:
(1)现有的直流充电设备主要以满足社会车辆的日间或临时的快速补充电量为主要目的，没有针对公交车及物流车辆做特别优化，不利于公交或物流车辆的寿命和整体管理调度；(1) The main purpose of the existing DC charging equipment is to meet the daily or temporary rapid power replenishment of social vehicles, and there is no special optimization for buses and logistics vehicles, which is not conducive to the life and overall management and scheduling of buses or logistics vehicles;
(2)现有的慢速充电设备以7kW的交流充电设备为主，无法在夜间完全充满一辆公交及物流车辆的电池，对车辆续航造成影响；(2) The existing slow charging equipment is mainly 7kW AC charging equipment, which cannot fully charge the battery of a bus and logistics vehicle at night, which affects the battery life of the vehicle;
(3)现有多枪(4枪及以上)大多以分体式(整流柜和充电桩分离)，每个充电桩需要单独配备一套控制和操作设备，成本增加。(3) Most of the existing multi-guns (4 guns and above) are split (the rectifier cabinet and the charging pile are separated), and each charging pile needs to be equipped with a separate set of control and operation equipment, which increases the cost.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此，为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备及方法以达到对充电枪灵活布置以最大限度地减少对场地的要求，实现了不同情况下的不同充电策略，保证了临时调度需求，并有效降低了用电成本，实现最大化设备的经济和社会效益的目的。In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle charging device and method suitable for public transportation or logistics stations, so as to achieve flexible arrangement of charging guns and minimize the impact on the site. Requirements, realize different charging strategies under different circumstances, ensure temporary scheduling needs, and effectively reduce electricity costs, and achieve the purpose of maximizing the economic and social benefits of the equipment.
本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，包括多把充电枪，还包括交流供电及保护装置、功率电源模块、开关矩阵和控制模块，所述开关矩阵包括多个充电通路组，各所述充电通路组均设有分别与各所述充电枪一一对应且电性连接的充电通路，且各条充电通路均设有继电器，各所述继电器的控制端均与所述控制模块相连；所述功率电源模块包括多个充电模块组，各所述充电模块组均连接有辅交流接触器，各个辅交流接触器的另一端均与所述交流供电及保护装置的输出端连接，且各个辅交流接触器的控制端均与所述控制模块相连；各所述充电模块组均包括至少一个充电模块，各充电模块的输出端分别连接各所述充电通路组。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: an electric vehicle charging device suitable for public transport or logistics stations, including multiple charging guns, and also includes AC power supply and protection devices, power supply modules, switch matrixes and control modules. The switch matrix includes a plurality of charging path groups, and each of the charging path groups is provided with a charging path that corresponds to each of the charging guns and is electrically connected, and each charging path is provided with a relay, and each of the relays The control terminals of each are connected to the control module; the power supply module includes a plurality of charging module groups, and each of the charging module groups is connected with an auxiliary AC contactor, and the other end of each auxiliary AC contactor is connected to the AC The output terminals of the power supply and protection devices are connected, and the control terminals of each auxiliary AC contactor are connected with the control module; each of the charging module groups includes at least one charging module, and the output terminals of each charging module are respectively connected to the Charging path group.
进一步地，所述控制模块包括主控制模块和功率控制模块，各所述充电模块的信号端均与功率控制模块通信连接，各所述继电器的控制端均与功率控制模块电连接；所述功率控制模块与主控制模块通信连接，主控制模块分别与各所述充电枪的充电通信CAN接口通信连接。Further, the control module includes a main control module and a power control module, the signal terminals of each of the charging modules are connected to the power control module, and the control terminals of each of the relays are electrically connected to the power control module; the power The control module is in communication connection with the main control module, and the main control module is respectively in communication connection with the charging communication CAN interface of each charging gun.
进一步地，所述主控制模块通信连接有用户交互模块，该用户交互模块包括读卡器、监控屏和指示灯，读卡器、监控屏和指示灯分别与所述主控制模块通信连接。Further, the main control module is communicatively connected with a user interaction module, and the user interaction module includes a card reader, a monitoring screen and an indicator light, and the card reader, monitoring screen and indicator light are respectively communicatively connected with the main control module.
进一步地，所述主控制模块通信连接有无线通信模块，该无线通信模块设为2G/3G/4G网络模块、WIFI模块或以太网模块。用以丰富接入网络的功能，并与远程服务器之间建立通讯连接。Further, the main control module is connected with a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is set as a 2G/3G/4G network module, a WIFI module or an Ethernet module. It is used to enrich the functions of accessing the network and establish a communication connection with a remote server.
进一步的，还包括辅助电源，所述三相交流电源的火线相和零线相通过第一微型断路器与所述辅助电源连接，该辅助电源的输出端分别对所述主控制模块、功率控制模块和各所述充电枪的低压辅助电源接口供电。该低压辅助电源接口用于充电枪连接非车载充电机为电动汽车提供低压辅助电源。Further, it also includes an auxiliary power supply, the live line phase and the neutral line phase of the three-phase AC power supply are connected to the auxiliary power supply through the first miniature circuit breaker, and the output terminals of the auxiliary power supply are respectively connected to the main control module and the power control module. The module and the low-voltage auxiliary power interface of each charging gun are powered. The low-voltage auxiliary power interface is used to connect the charging gun to the off-board charger to provide low-voltage auxiliary power for electric vehicles.
进一步地，所述交流供电及保护装置包括三相交流电源、主断路器和交流接触器，所述三相交流电源、主断路器和主交流接触器依次串接连接，且主交流接触器的输出端与所述功率电源模块相连，三相交流电源的三相均串接有第二微型断路器和防雷器，防雷器的另一端接地。Further, the AC power supply and protection device includes a three-phase AC power supply, a main circuit breaker and an AC contactor, the three-phase AC power supply, the main circuit breaker and the main AC contactor are sequentially connected in series, and the main AC contactor The output end is connected to the power supply module, and the three phases of the three-phase AC power supply are connected in series with a second miniature circuit breaker and a lightning protector, and the other end of the lightning protector is grounded.
进一步地，所述继电器设为高压直流继电器。高压直流继电器可实现对充电通路的通/断进行有效控制。Further, the relay is set as a high voltage direct current relay. The high-voltage DC relay can effectively control the on/off of the charging path.
进一步地，所述充电枪设有四把，所述充电模块组设有四个且每个充电模块组均包括两个充电模块。Further, there are four charging guns, four charging module groups, and each charging module group includes two charging modules.
本发明还提供一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电方法，该方法应用于上述适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，该方法包括：The present invention also provides an electric vehicle charging method suitable for public transportation or logistics stations. The method is applied to the above-mentioned electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transportation or logistics stations. The method includes:
(1)定义日间时段和夜间时段，若当前时段处于日间时段，则进入(2)；若当前时段处于夜间时段，则进入(3)；(1) Define the day time period and the night time period, if the current time period is in the day time period, then enter (2); if the current time period is in the night time period, then enter (3);
(2)控制模块根据各把充电枪插入车辆的时间顺序进行优先级排序，按优先级排序分配各把充电枪所接入充电模块的数量，且根据优先级排序满足各把充电枪的充电需求；(2) The control module performs priority sorting according to the time sequence of each charging gun inserted into the vehicle, allocates the number of charging modules connected to each charging gun according to the priority ranking, and meets the charging needs of each charging gun according to the priority ranking ;
(3)通过远程服务器采集用电峰平谷时段，并根据电峰平谷时段发送充电指令至控制模块，控制模块根据当前插入车辆的充电枪数量，对各把充电枪分配相等数量的所述充电模块。(3) Use the remote server to collect electricity peak and valley periods, and send charging instructions to the control module according to the electricity peak and valley periods, and the control module allocates an equal number of charging modules to each charging gun according to the number of charging guns currently inserted into the vehicle .
进一步地，所述步骤(2)中，对各把充电枪所对应车辆的需求功率进行实时监控，若当前充电枪所对应车辆的需求功率减小值大于等于所述充电模块的额定功率，判断是否存在其余充电枪的充电功率不足，若存在，则退出当前充电枪的任一充电模块并将该充电模块分配至当前充电枪的下一优先级充电枪；若不存在，则关闭该充电模块。Further, in the step (2), the required power of the vehicle corresponding to each charging gun is monitored in real time, and if the required power reduction value of the vehicle corresponding to the current charging gun is greater than or equal to the rated power of the charging module, it is judged Whether there is insufficient charging power of the remaining charging guns, if so, exit any charging module of the current charging gun and assign the charging module to the next priority charging gun of the current charging gun; if not, turn off the charging module .
进一步地，还包括移动终端通过扫描二维码与控制模块建立通讯连接，控制模块接收移动终端的充电或停止充电指令，并将充电信息反馈至移动终端。Further, it also includes that the mobile terminal establishes a communication connection with the control module by scanning the two-dimensional code, and the control module receives the instruction of charging or stopping charging of the mobile terminal, and feeds back the charging information to the mobile terminal.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.采用本发明所提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，该充电设备通过多把充电枪实现对多个车辆进行同时充电，同时，在功率电源模块与各把充电枪之间采用开关矩阵进行调控各把充电枪实际所接入的充电模块数量，以保证车辆在快速补电的同时，最高效率地利用了功率电源模块，以达到节约电能的目的。1. Using the electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transportation or logistics stations provided by the present invention, the charging equipment can simultaneously charge multiple vehicles through multiple charging guns, and at the same time, between the power supply module and each charging gun The switch matrix is used to regulate the number of charging modules actually connected to each charging gun, so as to ensure that the vehicle can make full use of the power supply module at the same time of fast charging, so as to achieve the purpose of saving electric energy.
2.采用本发明所提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，其采用了多把充电枪，可支持多辆车之间同时充电，各把充电枪也可灵活布置，功率灵活分配。2. The electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transportation or logistics stations provided by the present invention adopts multiple charging guns, which can support simultaneous charging between multiple vehicles, and each charging gun can also be flexibly arranged, and the power is flexible distribute.
3.采用本发明所提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电方法，在日间时段，其采用先到车辆的充电需求得到优先满足策略，实时判断充电桩状态，可满足公交、物流车辆的使用特点，同时，还具备用电低谷集中充电的优点，可最大限度地降低用电成本和电网负荷。3. Using the electric vehicle charging method suitable for public transport or logistics stations provided by the present invention, during the daytime period, it adopts the strategy of first-arriving vehicle charging needs to be satisfied first, and judges the status of charging piles in real time, which can meet the needs of public transportation and logistics. At the same time, it also has the advantage of centralized charging during low power consumption, which can minimize power consumption costs and grid loads.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备的系统流程框图；Fig. 1 is a system flow diagram of an electric vehicle charging device suitable for public transport or logistics stations provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备的整机电路连接图；Fig. 2 is the complete machine circuit connection diagram of the electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transport or logistics stations provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备的局部电路连接示意图；Fig. 3 is a partial circuit connection schematic diagram of electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transport or logistics stations provided by the present invention;
附图中标注如下：The attached drawings are marked as follows:
第一微型断路器-QF1，主断路器-QF，主交流接触器-ZKM，辅交流接触器-FKM，第二微型断路器-QF2，第三微型断路器-QF3，防雷器-FLQ，熔断器-FU，分流器-FL，静电泄放器-LD，主接触器-KM。The first miniature circuit breaker-QF1, the main circuit breaker-QF, the main AC contactor-ZKM, the auxiliary AC contactor-FKM, the second miniature circuit breaker-QF2, the third miniature circuit breaker-QF3, the lightning protection device-FLQ, Fuse-FU, shunt-FL, static discharger-LD, main contactor-KM.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that is usually placed when the product of the invention is used, or the orientation or positional relationship of this invention. The orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship that is usually placed when the product of the invention is used, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must be Having a particular orientation, being constructed and operating in a particular orientation, and therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
在本发明实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义；实施例中的附图用以对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations; the drawings in the embodiments are used to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
实施例1Example 1
在本实施例中具体提供了一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，该电动汽车充电设备包括四把充电枪，令：四把充电枪分别为A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪，A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪可同时对多辆车进行同时充电，并对四把充电枪进行灵活布置，提高对充电枪的利用效率。In this embodiment, an electric vehicle charging device suitable for public transport or logistics stations is specifically provided. The electric vehicle charging device includes four charging guns, so that: the four charging guns are A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun, A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun can simultaneously charge multiple vehicles at the same time, and the four charging guns can be flexibly arranged to improve the utilization efficiency of the charging guns .
还包括交流供电及保护装置、功率电源模块、开关矩阵和控制模块，所述开关矩阵包括八个充电通路组，各个所述充电通路组均设有四条充电通路，四条充电通路分别与四把所述充电枪一一对应且电性连接，且在各条充电通路均设有继电器，继电器设为高压直流继电器，各所述继电器的控制端均与所述控制模块相连；通过控制模块下发指令至高压直流继电器，以实现将各个所述充电通路组所对应的充电模块分配至A/B/C/D充电枪，从而实现对不同的充电枪进行灵活分配充电功率的目的。It also includes an AC power supply and protection device, a power supply module, a switch matrix and a control module. The switch matrix includes eight charging path groups, and each of the charging path groups is provided with four charging paths, and the four charging paths are connected to the four charging paths respectively. The charging guns are one-to-one corresponding and electrically connected, and relays are provided on each charging path, and the relays are set as high-voltage DC relays, and the control terminals of each of the relays are connected to the control module; instructions are issued through the control module To the high-voltage DC relay, so as to realize the allocation of the charging modules corresponding to each of the charging path groups to the A/B/C/D charging guns, so as to achieve the purpose of flexibly allocating charging power to different charging guns.
所述功率电源模块包括四个充电模块组，各个所述充电模块组均连接有辅交流接触器FKM，各个辅交流接触器FKM的另一端均与所述交流供电及保护装置的输出端连接，通过交流供电及保护装置对各个辅交流接触器FKM提供供电来源，且各个辅交流接触器FKM的控制端均与所述控制模块相连，通过控制模块对辅交流接触器FKM下发指令，以实现通过辅交流接触器FKM调整各个充电模块组是否进行工作状态；各所述充电模块组均包括两个充电模块，每个充电模块的输出端分别连接所述充电通路组，即总共八个充电模块，八个充电模块(如图3所示，充电模块1-充电模块8)分别与八个充电通路组一一对应连接，结合图3提供的局部电路示意图可知，八个充电模块的负极输出端通过一负导线分别与A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪的负极输入端连接，A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪的正极输入端分别连接有正导线，每个充电模块的正极输出端连接有四根支路导线，由四根支路导线构成所述充电通路组，四根支路导线则为四个所述充电通路，四根支路导线分别与A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪的正极输入端的正导线连接，每个充电模块的正极输出端所连通的四根支路导线是相互独立的，且每根支路导线上均设有所述高压直流继电器，通过高压直流继电器的通/断以实现对各个充电枪所连通的充电模块进行调整分配，以对各个充电枪实际充电功率进行灵活配置，满足公交车、物流车对充电的需求；所述主交流接触器ZKM的A相、B相和C相输入端分别与市政电源连接，主交流接触器ZKM的A相、B相和C相输出端分别与各个辅交流接触器FKM的A相、B相和C相输入端进行电连接，每个辅助交流接触器的A相、B相和C相输出端分别连接两个充电模块，以对充电模块进行供电，优选的，在本实施例中，充电模块的型号为英飞源75030，其能够将接入的交流电转换为电动汽车充电所需要的高压直流电。The power supply module includes four charging module groups, each of which is connected to an auxiliary AC contactor FKM, and the other end of each auxiliary AC contactor FKM is connected to the output end of the AC power supply and protection device, The power supply source is provided to each auxiliary AC contactor FKM through the AC power supply and protection device, and the control terminals of each auxiliary AC contactor FKM are connected to the control module, and the control module issues instructions to the auxiliary AC contactor FKM to realize Adjust whether each charging module group is in working state through the auxiliary AC contactor FKM; each charging module group includes two charging modules, and the output end of each charging module is connected to the charging channel group respectively, that is, a total of eight charging modules , eight charging modules (as shown in Figure 3, charging module 1-charging module 8) are respectively connected to the eight charging channel groups in one-to-one correspondence, combined with the partial circuit schematic diagram provided in Figure 3, it can be seen that the negative output terminals of the eight charging modules A negative wire is respectively connected to the negative input terminals of A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun, and the positive input terminals of A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun are respectively connected with positive wires, the positive output end of each charging module is connected with four branch wires, the charging path group is formed by four branch wires, and the four branch wires are the four charging paths, and the four branch wires Connect to the positive wires of the positive input ends of the A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun respectively. The four branch wires connected to the positive output end of each charging module are independent of each other, and each branch The high-voltage DC relays are provided on the road wires, and the charging modules connected to each charging gun can be adjusted and distributed through the on/off of the high-voltage DC relay, so as to flexibly configure the actual charging power of each charging gun to meet the needs of buses. , the logistics vehicle’s demand for charging; the input terminals of phase A, phase B and phase C of the main AC contactor ZKM are respectively connected to the municipal power supply, and the output terminals of phase A, phase B and phase C of the main AC contactor ZKM are respectively connected to the The A-phase, B-phase and C-phase input terminals of each auxiliary AC contactor FKM are electrically connected, and the A-phase, B-phase and C-phase output terminals of each auxiliary AC contactor are respectively connected to two charging modules to charge the charging modules. Power supply, preferably, in this embodiment, the model of the charging module is Infineon Source 75030, which can convert the connected AC power into the high-voltage DC power required for electric vehicle charging.
所述控制模块包括主控制模块和功率控制模块，各所述充电模块的信号端均与功率控制模块通信连接，各所述继电器的控制端均与功率控制模块电连接；所述功率控制模块与主控制模块通信连接，主控制模块分别与各所述充电枪的充电通信CAN接口通信连接。优选的，主控制模块和功率控制模块的主控芯片均是采用STM32，运用现有技术手段对STM32单片机进行编程以获取预期的功能需求，在实际运行过程中，主控制模块通过充电枪的充电通信CAN接口与车辆BMS进行通讯，完成车辆充电需求的分析并获取充电功率数据，并将该充电功率数据反馈至主控制模块，主控制模块将充电功率数据反馈至功率控制模块，功率控制模块一方面对充电模块进行充电参数(输出电压、电流)进行调整，另一方面，对各个充电模块的工作状态实时监测并反馈至主控制模块，以使其输出能够对车辆进行正常充电；同时，通过主控制模块根据当前时段和当前充电枪的优先级对该充电枪应当配置的充电模块数量进行分配(具体见下文描述)，并将分配的指令下发至功率控制模块，功率控制模块对各个继电器进行控制并将各个继电器的通断状态反馈至主控制模块，以满足充电枪的充电需求。The control module includes a main control module and a power control module, the signal terminals of each of the charging modules are connected to the power control module, and the control terminals of each of the relays are electrically connected to the power control module; the power control module is connected to the power control module. The main control module is connected in communication, and the main control module is connected in communication with the charging communication CAN interface of each charging gun respectively. Preferably, the main control chips of the main control module and the power control module are all STM32, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer is programmed to obtain the expected functional requirements by means of existing technologies. In the actual operation process, the main control module is charged by the charging gun. The communication CAN interface communicates with the vehicle BMS, completes the analysis of vehicle charging requirements and obtains charging power data, and feeds the charging power data back to the main control module, and the main control module feeds back the charging power data to the power control module. On the one hand, the charging parameters (output voltage, current) of the charging module are adjusted; on the other hand, the working status of each charging module is monitored in real time and fed back to the main control module, so that its output can charge the vehicle normally; at the same time, through The main control module allocates the number of charging modules that should be configured with the charging gun according to the current time period and the priority of the current charging gun (see the description below for details), and sends the allocated instructions to the power control module, and the power control module controls each relay. Control and feed back the on-off status of each relay to the main control module to meet the charging needs of the charging gun.
为进一步提升该电动汽车充电设备的用户体验度，所述主控制模块通信连接有用户交互模块，该用户交互模块包括读卡器、监控屏和指示灯，读卡器、监控屏和指示灯分别与所述主控制模块通信连接，其中，读卡器用于读取管理卡，以对主控制模块进行参数调整；监控屏用于向用户提供充电操作引导、充电结算等功能；而指示灯用于对用户提供设备运行状态、报警信息等。In order to further improve the user experience of the electric vehicle charging device, the main control module is connected to a user interaction module through communication. The user interaction module includes a card reader, a monitoring screen and an indicator light. The card reader, the monitoring screen and the indicator light are respectively Communicatively connected with the main control module, wherein the card reader is used to read the management card to adjust the parameters of the main control module; the monitoring screen is used to provide users with functions such as charging operation guidance and charging settlement; and the indicator light is used for Provide users with equipment running status, alarm information, etc.
为进一步提升该电动汽车充电设备的网络接入功能，所述主控制模块通信连接有无线通信模块，该无线通信模块设为2G/3G/4G网络模块、WIFI模块或以太网模块，其中，2G/3G/4G网络模块的型号为：USR-GPRS232-7S3，WIFI模块的型号为：USR-WIFI232-A，以太网模块的型号为W5500，以实现该电动汽车充电设备与远程服务器之间的数据通信。In order to further enhance the network access function of the electric vehicle charging equipment, the main control module is connected with a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is set as a 2G/3G/4G network module, a WIFI module or an Ethernet module, wherein the 2G The model of /3G/4G network module is: USR-GPRS232-7S3, the model of WIFI module is: USR-WIFI232-A, the model of Ethernet module is W5500, in order to realize the data between the electric vehicle charging equipment and the remote server communication.
还包括辅助电源，辅助电源主要用于将交流电转换为电动汽车BMS和所述控制模块所需的低压直流电，所述三相交流电源的火线相和零线相通过第一微型断路器QF1与所述辅助电源连接，该辅助电源的输出端分别对所述主控制模块、功率控制模块和各所述充电枪的低压辅助电源接口供电。该低压辅助电源接口用于充电枪连接非车载充电机为电动汽车提供低压辅助电源，第一微型断路器QF1的正极端与火线相的A相连接，负极端与零线相(N相)连接，第一微型断路器QF1实现对辅助电源的通断进行操控。It also includes an auxiliary power supply. The auxiliary power supply is mainly used to convert the AC power into the low-voltage DC power required by the BMS of the electric vehicle and the control module. The live wire phase and the neutral wire phase of the three-phase AC power supply are connected to the first miniature circuit breaker QF1. The auxiliary power supply is connected, and the output end of the auxiliary power supply supplies power to the main control module, the power control module and the low-voltage auxiliary power interface of each of the charging guns. The low-voltage auxiliary power interface is used to connect the charging gun to the off-board charger to provide low-voltage auxiliary power for electric vehicles. The positive terminal of the first miniature circuit breaker QF1 is connected to the A phase of the live wire phase, and the negative terminal is connected to the neutral phase (N phase). , the first miniature circuit breaker QF1 realizes the on-off control of the auxiliary power supply.
所述交流供电及保护装置包括三相交流电源、主断路器QF和主交流接触器ZKM，所述三相交流电源、主断路器QF和主交流接触器ZKM依次串接连接，且主交流接触器ZKM的输出端与所述功率电源模块相连，三相交流电源的三相均串接有第二微型断路器QF2和防雷器FLQ，防雷器FLQ的另一端接地，以起到良好的防雷作用。优选的，还包括散热风扇和插座，散热风扇和插座的正负极分别与主断路器QF的C相和N相连接，以满足散热风扇和插座的供电需求，且C相通路上还设有第三微型断路器QF3。The AC power supply and protection device includes a three-phase AC power supply, a main circuit breaker QF and a main AC contactor ZKM, the three-phase AC power supply, the main circuit breaker QF and the main AC contactor ZKM are sequentially connected in series, and the main AC contactor The output end of the device ZKM is connected to the power supply module, and the three phases of the three-phase AC power supply are connected in series with the second miniature circuit breaker QF2 and the lightning protection device FLQ, and the other end of the lightning protection device FLQ is grounded to play a good Lightning protection effect. Preferably, it also includes a cooling fan and a socket, the positive and negative poles of the cooling fan and the socket are connected to the C phase and the N phase of the main circuit breaker QF respectively, so as to meet the power supply requirements of the cooling fan and the socket, and the C phase path is also provided with a second Three miniature circuit breakers QF3.
优选的，在各把充电枪的输入端上还依次连接有静电泄放器LD、主接触器KM，且主接触器KM的正极端串联有熔断器FU，其负极端串联有分流器FL，分流器FL进行直流电流采样，熔断器FU和分流器FL的另一端分别与所述正导线和负导线连接，以实现对各把充电枪进行实时保护，并对其充电电流进行实时监测。Preferably, an electrostatic discharger LD and a main contactor KM are sequentially connected to the input ends of each charging gun, and a fuse FU is connected in series at the positive end of the main contactor KM, and a shunt FL is connected in series at the negative end of the main contactor KM. The shunt FL performs DC current sampling, and the other ends of the fuse FU and the shunt FL are respectively connected to the positive wire and the negative wire to realize real-time protection of each charging gun and real-time monitoring of its charging current.
实施例2Example 2
在实施例1的基础上，本实施例提供了一种适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电方法，该方法应用于上述适用于公交或物流场站的电动汽车充电设备，该方法包括：On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an electric vehicle charging method suitable for public transportation or logistics stations, which is applied to the above-mentioned electric vehicle charging equipment suitable for public transportation or logistics stations, and the method includes:
(1)对电动汽车充电设备的工作时段进行划分，分别定义日间时段和夜间时段，例如：日间时段设置为早上八点到晚上九点，也可是其他时段；晚上九点到后一天早上八点为夜间时段；若当前时段处于日间时段，则进入(2)；若当前时段处于夜间时段，则进入(3)；(1) Divide the working hours of electric vehicle charging equipment, and define daytime hours and nighttime hours respectively, for example: the daytime hours are set from 8:00 am to 9:00 pm, or other time periods; from 9:00 pm to the next morning Eight o'clock is the night time period; if the current time period is in the day time period, then enter (2); if the current time period is in the night time period, then enter (3);
(2)控制模块根据各把充电枪插入车辆的时间顺序进行优先级排序，按优先级排序分配各把充电枪所接入充电模块的数量，且根据优先级排序满足各把充电枪的充电需求；在本实施例中，在日间时段为满足车辆快速补充电量的需求，通过控制模块下发指令至相应的继电器，以对C充电枪和D充电枪所对应的各条支路导线断开，实现仅能够A充电枪和B充电枪进行充电，即只允许2辆车同时充电，在该状态下仅能够A充电枪和B充电枪能够进行充电，以满足公交车、物流车在日间对充电的需求；(2) The control module performs priority sorting according to the time sequence of each charging gun inserted into the vehicle, allocates the number of charging modules connected to each charging gun according to the priority ranking, and meets the charging needs of each charging gun according to the priority ranking ; In this embodiment, in order to meet the needs of the vehicle to quickly replenish the power during the daytime period, the control module sends instructions to the corresponding relays to disconnect the branch wires corresponding to the C charging gun and the D charging gun , so that only A charging gun and B charging gun can be charged, that is, only two vehicles are allowed to charge at the same time. In this state, only A charging gun and B charging gun can be charged to meet the needs of buses and logistics vehicles during the day. the need for charging;
同时，在该状态下，默认遵循先到先得策略，实时判断充电枪状态，以实现将电动汽车充电设备的富余功率实时分配给不同优先级充电枪所对应的车辆。通过各把充电枪上的充电通信CAN接口与车辆BMS建立通讯连接，并对各把充电枪所对应车辆的充电需求功率进行实时监控，若当前充电枪所对应车辆的需求功率减小值大于等于所述充电模块的额定功率，判断是否存在其余充电枪的充电功率不足，若存在，则退出当前充电枪的任一充电模块并将该充电模块分配至当前充电枪的下一优先级充电枪；若不存在，则关闭该充电模块。At the same time, in this state, the first-come-first-served policy is followed by default, and the status of the charging gun is judged in real time, so as to realize the real-time allocation of the surplus power of the electric vehicle charging equipment to the vehicles corresponding to the charging guns with different priorities. Establish a communication connection with the vehicle BMS through the charging communication CAN interface on each charging gun, and monitor the charging demand power of the vehicle corresponding to each charging gun in real time. If the current demand power reduction value of the vehicle corresponding to the charging gun is greater than or equal to The rated power of the charging module determines whether there is insufficient charging power of the remaining charging guns, and if so, exits any charging module of the current charging gun and assigns the charging module to the next priority charging gun of the current charging gun; If it does not exist, then close the charging module.
具体如下：details as follows:
若先将A充电枪插入第一车辆，再将B充电枪插入第二车辆，此时，A充电枪的优先级大于B充电枪，A充电枪为最高优先级，则会获取全部的充电模块，即通过功率控制模块控制各个继电器，以实现A充电枪的正导线上各条充电通路均处于导通状态，以满足第一车辆的充电需求，随着持续充电，通过A充电枪上的充电通信CAN接口与第一车辆的BMS建立通讯连接(充电通信CAN接口连接有充电主控制模块，充电主控制模块与第一车辆的BMS建立通讯连接)，并对第一车辆的充电需求功率进行实时监控，若第一车辆的需求功率减小值大于等于所述充电模块的额定功率时，判断B充电枪的充电功率是否足够，若不足够，则退出A充电枪的任一充电模块并将该充电模块分配至B充电枪，B充电枪为A充电枪的下一优先级充电枪；若足够，则关闭该充电模块。If charging gun A is inserted into the first vehicle first, and then charging gun B is inserted into the second vehicle, at this time, the priority of charging gun A is higher than that of charging gun B, and charging gun A is the highest priority, and all charging modules will be obtained , that is, through the power control module to control each relay, so as to realize that all the charging paths on the positive wire of the A charging gun are in the conduction state, so as to meet the charging demand of the first vehicle. The communication CAN interface establishes a communication connection with the BMS of the first vehicle (the charging communication CAN interface is connected with a charging main control module, and the charging main control module establishes a communication connection with the BMS of the first vehicle), and the charging demand power of the first vehicle is monitored in real time. Monitoring, if the required power reduction value of the first vehicle is greater than or equal to the rated power of the charging module, judge whether the charging power of the B charging gun is sufficient, if not, exit any charging module of the A charging gun and The charging module is assigned to the B charging gun, and the B charging gun is the next priority charging gun of the A charging gun; if it is enough, the charging module is turned off.
在该步骤中，若某辆车需要进行临时调度，管理员可通过管理卡，临时调整该车辆所对应的充电枪的优先级，管理员通过刷管理卡进入管理员界面，通过监控屏调整优先级，以优先满足该车辆的充电需求，并按照上述先到先得策略，将电动汽车充电设备的富余功率实时分配给不同优先级充电枪所对应的车辆。In this step, if a certain vehicle needs temporary scheduling, the administrator can temporarily adjust the priority of the charging gun corresponding to the vehicle through the management card. The administrator enters the administrator interface by swiping the management card, and adjusts the priority through the monitoring screen. Level, to give priority to meeting the charging needs of the vehicle, and according to the above-mentioned first-come-first-served strategy, the surplus power of the electric vehicle charging equipment is allocated to the vehicles corresponding to the charging guns of different priorities in real time.
(3)远程服务器实时采集市政电网的数据信息，远程服务器根据用电峰平谷时段发送充电指令至控制模块，控制模块根据当前插入车辆的充电枪数量，对各把充电枪分配相等数量的所述充电模块。即当夜晚车辆回归后，若处于用电高峰时段，将A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪分别插上车辆但不进行充电操作；若处于用电平谷或低谷时段时，控制模块调控各个继电器以使各条充电通路导通，并对A充电枪、B充电枪、C充电枪和D充电枪分别分配两个充电模块，优选的，将各把充电枪配备一个充电模块组，各个充电模块组对应的辅交流接触器FKM均切换为接通状态。或者，当夜晚车辆回归后，若处于用电高峰时段，将A充电枪、B充电枪和C充电枪分别插上车辆但不进行充电操作，D充电枪闲置；若处于用电平谷或低谷时段时，控制模块调控各个继电器以使各条充电通路导通，并对A充电枪、B充电枪和C充电枪分别配备一个充电模块组，各个充电模块组对应的辅交流接触器FKM均切换为接通状态，而剩余的充电模块组所对应的辅交流接触器FKM切换为断开状态。采用上述分配方式，能够实现将电动汽车充电设备的充电功率均匀分配至各把充电枪上。(3) The remote server collects the data information of the municipal power grid in real time. The remote server sends charging instructions to the control module according to the peak and valley periods of electricity consumption. charging module. That is, when the vehicle returns at night, if it is in the peak period of electricity consumption, plug A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun into the vehicle respectively but do not perform charging operation; The control module regulates each relay to make each charging path conductive, and assigns two charging modules to A charging gun, B charging gun, C charging gun and D charging gun respectively. Preferably, each charging gun is equipped with a charging module group, the auxiliary AC contactor FKM corresponding to each charging module group is switched to the on state. Or, when the vehicle returns at night, if it is during the peak period of power consumption, plug A charging gun, B charging gun and C charging gun into the vehicle respectively but do not perform charging operation, and D charging gun is idle; At this time, the control module regulates each relay to make each charging path conduction, and is equipped with a charging module group for A charging gun, B charging gun and C charging gun respectively, and the auxiliary AC contactor FKM corresponding to each charging module group is switched to The auxiliary AC contactor FKM corresponding to the remaining charging module groups is switched to the off state. By adopting the above distribution method, it is possible to evenly distribute the charging power of the electric vehicle charging equipment to each charging gun.
在上述的电动汽车充电方法中，应当注意的是：各个充电模块所连接的充电通路组中，仅能够出现一个继电器接通和三个继电器断开或四个继电器同时断开两种情况，即一个充电模块或多个充电模块仅能够对一个充电枪供电，不能采用多个充电枪由一个充电模块供电的情况。In the above electric vehicle charging method, it should be noted that in the charging channel group connected to each charging module, only one relay can be connected and three relays can be disconnected or four relays can be disconnected at the same time, that is, One charging module or multiple charging modules can only supply power to one charging gun, and the situation that multiple charging guns are powered by one charging module cannot be used.
还包括移动终端通过扫描二维码与控制模块建立通讯连接，控制模块接收移动终端的充电或停止充电指令，并将充电信息反馈至移动终端。工作原理如下：移动终端通过扫描二维码与远程服务器建立通讯连接，远程服务器与无线通信模块建立通讯连接，以实现移动终端的充电或停止充电指令能够实时传输至控制模块中，控制模块通过对充电信息进行实时采集，并反馈至移动终端上，以在移动终端的充电桩APP上进行实时显示剩余充电时间和已充电量，It also includes that the mobile terminal establishes a communication connection with the control module by scanning the two-dimensional code, and the control module receives the instruction of charging or stopping charging of the mobile terminal, and feeds back the charging information to the mobile terminal. The working principle is as follows: the mobile terminal establishes a communication connection with the remote server by scanning the QR code, and the remote server establishes a communication connection with the wireless communication module, so that the charging or stopping charging instructions of the mobile terminal can be transmitted to the control module in real time, and the control module communicates with the The charging information is collected in real time and fed back to the mobile terminal, so that the remaining charging time and the charged amount can be displayed in real time on the charging pile APP of the mobile terminal.
若该场站对社会开放，社会车辆可通过扫描二维码的形式完成充电和结算，用户可以通过充电桩app扫描二维码进行充电，扫码成功后点击充电即可进行充电，在app上可以实时显示剩余充电时间和已充电量，当充电完成，点击停止充电即可，实现充电设备的最大化利用。If the station is open to the public, social vehicles can complete charging and settlement by scanning the QR code. Users can scan the QR code through the charging pile app to charge. After scanning the code successfully, click to charge to start charging. On the app It can display the remaining charging time and the charged amount in real time. When the charging is completed, just click to stop charging, so as to maximize the use of charging equipment.
本发明不局限于上述可选实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是落入本发明权利要求界定范围内的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, anyone can draw other various forms of products under the enlightenment of the present invention, but no matter make any changes in its shape or structure, any change that falls within the scope of the claims of the present invention The technical solutions within the scope all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910613824.9ACN110212624A (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | It is a kind of suitable for public transport or the charging equipment of electric automobile and method of logistics station |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910613824.9ACN110212624A (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | It is a kind of suitable for public transport or the charging equipment of electric automobile and method of logistics station |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110212624Atrue CN110212624A (en) | 2019-09-06 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910613824.9APendingCN110212624A (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | It is a kind of suitable for public transport or the charging equipment of electric automobile and method of logistics station |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20190906 | |
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