技术领域technical field
本发明涉及城市内涝风险预报技术领域，尤其涉及一种城市内涝预报方法、电子设备及存储介质。The invention relates to the technical field of urban waterlogging risk forecasting, in particular to an urban waterlogging forecasting method, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市化进程加快，地表硬化率的提高，城市蓄水滞水能力减弱，加之汛期极端暴雨频发，每年汛期各地都出现“看海”景观，极大影响了城市出行和生活生产，甚至造成内涝灾害，危及生命财产安全。如何能减小城市内涝影响，提前预报城市内涝风险，定位内涝位置、定量内涝水深、面积、时间等信息，主动采取避险措施，对于提高城市水安全，保障城市安全有序运行至关重要。With the acceleration of urbanization, the increase of surface hardening rate, the weakening of urban water storage and stagnant capacity, coupled with the frequent occurrence of extreme rainstorms in the flood season, every year in the flood season, "seeing the sea" landscapes appear in various places, which greatly affects urban travel and life and production, and even Cause waterlogging disaster, endanger life and property safety. How to reduce the impact of urban waterlogging, forecast urban waterlogging risk in advance, locate waterlogging location, quantify waterlogging depth, area, time and other information, and take proactive measures to avoid risks are crucial to improving urban water security and ensuring safe and orderly operation of the city.
降雨是城市内涝的源头条件，通过气象部门的雷达预测技术已经可以实现精准的未来降雨预报。但是城市内涝的产生是多要素影响的结果，包括降雨模块、地表产汇流模块、管网转输模块、下游河湖水体模块等，目前已经有成熟的城市内涝计算模型，但是仅满足离线计算效率要求，在线驱动计算时效性低，满足不了城市内涝预报避险处置的时间要求。Rainfall is the source of urban waterlogging, and the radar forecasting technology of the Meteorological Department has been able to achieve accurate future rainfall forecasts. However, the occurrence of urban waterlogging is the result of the influence of multiple factors, including rainfall module, surface production and confluence module, pipe network transfer module, downstream river and lake water body module, etc. At present, there are mature urban waterlogging calculation models, but only meet the offline calculation efficiency Requirements, the timeliness of online drive calculation is low, which cannot meet the time requirements for urban waterlogging forecast, risk avoidance and disposal.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种城市内涝预报方法，其能根据城市气象局提前发布的降雨预报信息，与数据库中的设计降雨进行比对确定对应的设计降雨从而确定对应的城市内涝数据，实现提前预报城市内涝风险信息，大幅提高城市内涝风险预报效率和精度。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for urban waterlogging forecasting, which can compare with the design rainfall in the database to determine the corresponding design rainfall according to the rainfall forecast information issued by the Urban Meteorological Bureau in advance In this way, the corresponding urban waterlogging data can be determined, the urban waterlogging risk information can be predicted in advance, and the efficiency and accuracy of urban waterlogging risk forecasting can be greatly improved.
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种电子设备，其能根据城市气象局提前发布的降雨预报信息，与数据库中的设计降雨进行比对确定对应的设计降雨从而确定对应的城市内涝数据，实现提前预报城市内涝风险信息，大幅提高城市内涝风险预报效率和精度。The second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, which can compare the design rainfall in the database with the design rainfall in the database to determine the corresponding urban waterlogging data according to the rainfall forecast information issued by the city meteorological bureau in advance. Forecast urban waterlogging risk information, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of urban waterlogging risk forecasting.
本发明的目的之三在于提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该存储介质中的程序运行时能够根据城市气象局提前发布的降雨预报信息，与数据库中的设计降雨进行比对确定对应的设计降雨从而确定对应的城市内涝数据，实现提前预报城市内涝风险信息，大幅提高城市内涝风险预报效率和精度。The third object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium. When the program in the storage medium is running, it can compare the design rainfall with the design rainfall in the database to determine the corresponding design rainfall according to the rainfall forecast information issued by the city meteorological bureau in advance. In this way, the corresponding urban waterlogging data can be determined, the urban waterlogging risk information can be predicted in advance, and the efficiency and accuracy of urban waterlogging risk forecasting can be greatly improved.
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现：One of purpose of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种城市内涝预报方法，包括以下步骤：A method for forecasting urban waterlogging, comprising the following steps:
建立城市内涝模型；Establish urban waterlogging model;
根据当地的暴雨强度公式以及芝加哥降雨雨型研制出不同重现期的设计降雨；According to the local storm intensity formula and the Chicago rainfall pattern, the design rainfall with different return periods was developed;
将所研制的不同重现期的设计降雨输入至所述城市内涝模型进行计算，得到随着降雨过程的不同时刻的城市内涝数据并存储至数据库中；Input the developed design rainfall of different return periods into the urban waterlogging model for calculation, and obtain urban waterlogging data at different times along with the rainfall process and store them in the database;
获取城市预报降雨，根据所述城市预报降雨查询数据库中对应的重现期的设计降雨从而得到所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据；Acquiring urban forecast rainfall, querying the design rainfall corresponding to the return period in the database according to the urban forecast rainfall to obtain urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall;
根据所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据进行内涝风险预报。Waterlogging risk forecasting is performed according to urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall.
进一步地，所述城市内涝模型包括产流模块、汇流模块以及管网转输模块，所述产流模块对降雨进行扣损从而得到地面有效净雨过程，所述汇流模块根据所述产流模块所得到的地面有效净雨过程计算得到汇流过程，所述管网转输模块根据所述汇流模块所得到的汇流过程以及管网排水过程计算得到城市内涝数据。Further, the urban waterlogging model includes a runoff module, a flow confluence module, and a pipe network transfer module. The runoff module deducts rainfall to obtain an effective rain cleaning process on the ground. The obtained ground effective net rain process is calculated to obtain a confluence process, and the pipe network transfer module calculates urban waterlogging data according to the confluence process obtained by the confluence module and the pipe network drainage process.
进一步地，所述产流模块具体为净雨过程计算模型，净雨过程按照以下公式进行计算：Further, the runoff module is specifically a calculation model of the net rain process, and the net rain process is calculated according to the following formula:
R0＝(q-fm)Δt-D0-ER0 =(qfm )Δt-D0 -E
其中，R0为净雨量，单位为mm；q为降雨强度，单位为mm/s；fm为下渗速率单位为mm/s；△t为计算时间步长，单位为s；D0为截留和洼蓄量，单位为mm；E为蒸发量，单位为mm。Among them, R0 is the net rainfall, the unit is mm; q is the rainfall intensity, the unit is mm/s; fm is the infiltration rate, the unit is mm/s; Δt is the calculation time step, the unit is s; D0 is Interception and subsidence storage, in mm; E is evaporation, in mm.
进一步地，所述汇流模块具体为非线性水库模型，所述非线性水库模型的连续性方程为：Further, the confluence module is specifically a nonlinear reservoir model, and the continuity equation of the nonlinear reservoir model is:
其中，v为汇水区库容水量，单位为m3；d为水深，单位为m；A为汇水区面积，单位为m2；i*为净雨强度，单位为mm/s；q为出流量，单位为m3/s。Among them, v is the water capacity of the reservoir in the catchment area, the unit is m3 ; d is the water depth, the unit is m; A is the area of the catchment area, the unit is m2 ; i* is the net rain intensity, the unit is mm/s; q is Outflow, in m3 /s.
进一步地，出流量q通过曼宁公式进行计算，具体计算过程如下：Further, the outflow q is calculated by the Manning formula, and the specific calculation process is as follows:
其中，W为汇水区宽度，单位为m；n为曼宁粗糙系数；d为水深，单位为m；dp为滞蓄水深，单位为m；S为汇水区坡度。Among them, W is the width of the catchment area, in m; n is the Manning roughness coefficient; d is the water depth, in m; dp is the stagnant water depth, in m; S is the slope of the catchment area.
进一步地，所述管网转输模块采用圣维南方程组计算雨水在管网内的排水过程，具体计算公式如下：Further, the pipe network transfer module uses Saint-Venant equations to calculate the drainage process of rainwater in the pipe network, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
其中，A为过水断面面积，单位为m2；Q为流量，单位为m3/s；t为时间，单位为s；V为管内流速，单位为m/s；q为单位长度的旁侧入流量，单位为[m3/(s·m)]；h为管内水深，单位为m；x为管道方向的长度，单位为m；g为重力加速度，g＝9.81m/s2；Sf为阻力坡度；S0为管道底坡。Among them, A is the cross-sectional area of the water, the unit is m2; Q is the flow rate, the unit is m3 /s; t is the time, the unit is s; V is the flow velocity in the pipe, the unit is m/s; q is the side of the unit length Inflow, the unit is [m3/(s m)]; h is the water depth in the pipe, the unit is m; x is the length of the pipe direction, the unit is m; g is the acceleration of gravity, g=9.81m/s2 ; Sf is the resistance slope; S0 is the bottom slope of the pipeline.
进一步地，根据所述城市预报降雨查询数据库中对应的重现期的设计降雨从而得到所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据具体为：Further, according to the design rainfall of the corresponding return period in the urban forecast rainfall query database, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall is specifically:
根据所述城市预报降雨中的持续T1时间内的降雨量M1，查询数据库得到降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨；According to the rainfall M1 in the continuous T1 time in the city forecast rainfall, query the database to obtain the design rainfall whose rainfall is closest to M1;
当降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨只有一个时，则获取该设计降雨对应的城市内涝数据；When there is only one design rainfall whose rainfall is closest to M1, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the design rainfall is obtained;
当降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨具有多个时，则获取这些设计降雨中的历时最接近T1的设计降雨所对应的城市内涝数据。When there are multiple design rainfalls whose rainfall is closest to M1, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the design rainfall whose duration is closest to T1 among these design rainfalls is obtained.
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现：Two of the purpose of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种电子设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储有可执行计算机程序，所述处理器可读取所述存储器中的计算机程序并运行以实现如上所述的城市内涝预报方法。An electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the memory stores an executable computer program, and the processor can read the computer program in the memory and run it to implement the urban waterlogging forecasting method as described above.
本发明的目的之三采用如下技术方案实现：Three of the purpose of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有可执行计算机程序，所述计算机程序运行时可实现如上所述的城市内涝预报方法。A computer-readable storage medium, where an executable computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program runs, the urban waterlogging forecasting method as described above can be realized.
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
该城市内涝预报方法通过建立城市内涝模型，然后根据当地的暴雨强度公式及芝加哥降雨雨型来研制出不同重现期的设计降雨的强度，然后将所研制的不同重现期的设计降雨输入到城市内涝模型中进行计算得到对应城市内涝数据并保存在数据库中，然后根据城市预报降雨信息查询与该城市预报降雨信息最最相近的设计降雨即可得到对应的城市内涝数据从而进行城市内涝预报。该方法实现了提前预报城市内涝风险信息，大幅提高城市内涝风险预报效率和精度。The urban waterlogging forecasting method establishes the urban waterlogging model, and then develops the design rainfall intensity of different return periods according to the local rainstorm intensity formula and the Chicago rainfall pattern, and then inputs the developed design rainfall of different return periods into The urban waterlogging model is calculated to obtain the corresponding urban waterlogging data and stored in the database, and then according to the urban forecast rainfall information to query the design rainfall that is the closest to the city's forecast rainfall information, the corresponding urban waterlogging data can be obtained for urban waterlogging forecasting. This method realizes the early forecasting of urban waterlogging risk information, and greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of urban waterlogging risk forecasting.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种城市内涝预报方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of a kind of urban waterlogging forecasting method provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明所研制的广州市的设计降雨的芝加哥降雨过程(5年一遇2小时)的示意图。Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the Chicago rainfall process (once in 5 years, 2 hours) of the design rainfall in Guangzhou developed by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。Below, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of not conflicting, the various embodiments described below or the technical features can be combined arbitrarily to form new embodiments. .
请参阅图1，其为一种城市内涝预报方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：Please refer to Fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of an urban waterlogging forecasting method, which includes the following steps:
S1、建立城市内涝模型；S1. Establish urban waterlogging model;
S2、根据当地的暴雨强度公式以及芝加哥降雨雨型研制出不同重现期的设计降雨；S2. According to the local rainstorm intensity formula and the Chicago rainfall pattern, the design rainfall with different return periods is developed;
S3、将所研制的不同重现期的设计降雨输入至所述城市内涝模型进行计算，得到随着降雨过程的不同时刻的城市内涝数据并存储至数据库中；每个重现期的设计降雨与城市内涝数据一一对应存储；S3. Input the developed design rainfall of different return periods into the urban waterlogging model for calculation, and obtain urban waterlogging data at different times along with the rainfall process and store them in the database; the design rainfall of each return period is related to Urban waterlogging data is stored in one-to-one correspondence;
S4、获取城市预报降雨，根据所述城市预报降雨查询数据库中对应的重现期的设计降雨从而得到所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据；S4. Obtain urban forecast rainfall, and query the design rainfall corresponding to the return period in the urban forecast rainfall database to obtain urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall;
S5、根据所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据进行内涝风险预报。S5. Carry out waterlogging risk forecasting according to the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall.
该城市内涝预报方法通过建立城市内涝模型，然后根据当地的暴雨强度公式及芝加哥降雨雨型来研制出不同重现期的设计降雨的强度，然后将所研制的不同重现期的设计降雨输入到城市内涝模型中进行计算得到对应城市内涝数据并保存在数据库中，然后根据城市预报降雨信息查询与该城市预报降雨信息最最相近的设计降雨即可得到对应的城市内涝数据从而进行城市内涝预报。该方法实现了提前预报城市内涝风险信息，大幅提高城市内涝风险预报效率和精度。The urban waterlogging forecasting method establishes the urban waterlogging model, and then develops the design rainfall intensity of different return periods according to the local rainstorm intensity formula and the Chicago rainfall pattern, and then inputs the developed design rainfall of different return periods into The urban waterlogging model is calculated to obtain the corresponding urban waterlogging data and stored in the database, and then according to the urban forecast rainfall information to query the design rainfall that is the closest to the city's forecast rainfall information, the corresponding urban waterlogging data can be obtained for urban waterlogging forecasting. This method realizes the early forecasting of urban waterlogging risk information, and greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of urban waterlogging risk forecasting.
内涝形成的过程是降雨从天而降，落到地面会有一部分雨量渗透到地下，多余的水量会沿着地表由高到低流动，流入地面的雨水篦子，再进入雨水管道，最终流向下游河湖，如果雨量过大，超出雨水管道的转输能力，水就会冒出雨水篦子或者地面的水流不进雨水篦子，水就会积聚在地面，造成内涝。The process of waterlogging is that rainfall falls from the sky, and when it falls to the ground, part of the rain will seep into the ground, and the excess water will flow from high to low along the surface, flow into the rainwater grates on the ground, and then enter the rainwater pipes, and finally flow to the downstream rivers and lakes. If the rainfall is too heavy and exceeds the transfer capacity of the rainwater pipeline, water will flow out of the rainwater grate or the water on the ground will not flow into the rainwater grate, and the water will accumulate on the ground, causing waterlogging.
因此，本发明根据城市内涝形成的原理，利用城市排水管网数据、地表下垫面数据、高程数据、下游河湖数据等建立城市内涝模型，用于模拟计算降雨到地表产生内涝的过程。Therefore, according to the principle of urban waterlogging, the present invention uses urban drainage pipe network data, underlying surface data, elevation data, downstream river and lake data, etc. to establish an urban waterlogging model for simulating and calculating the process of rainfall to the surface causing waterlogging.
关于设计降雨的研制过程：About the development process of design rainfall:
降雨过程是指每个时刻的降雨强度，表征出降雨的大小。暴雨强度公式是每个地方独特的公式，每个区域不同，主要有三个参数，T-降雨历时，P-重现期，M降雨量，但这些都是数值，体现不出过程，芝加哥降雨雨型是一个过程函数，通过芝加哥降雨雨型可以把暴雨公式的数值变成过程值，用于城市内涝模型的降雨输入。The rainfall process refers to the rainfall intensity at each moment, which represents the size of the rainfall. The rainstorm intensity formula is a unique formula for each place, and each region is different. There are three main parameters, T-rainfall duration, P-return period, and M rainfall, but these are all numerical values that do not reflect the process. Chicago rainfall Type is a process function, through which the value of the rainstorm formula can be converted into a process value through the Chicago rainfall type, which is used for the rainfall input of the urban waterlogging model.
例如广州市暴雨强度公式如下：For example, the formula of heavy rain intensity in Guangzhou is as follows:
芝加哥降雨过程(5年一遇2小时)如图2所示。The Chicago rainfall process (once in 5 years, 2 hours) is shown in Figure 2.
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述城市内涝模型包括产流模块、汇流模块以及管网转输模块，所述产流模块对降雨进行扣损从而得到地面有效净雨过程，所述汇流模块根据所述产流模块所得到的地面有效净雨过程计算得到汇流过程，所述管网转输模块根据所述汇流模块所得到的汇流过程以及管网排水过程计算得到城市内涝数据。As a preferred implementation, the urban waterlogging model includes a runoff module, a confluence module, and a pipe network transfer module. The runoff module deducts rainfall to obtain an effective rain removal process on the ground. The confluence process is obtained by calculating the effective net rain process on the ground obtained by the runoff module, and the urban waterlogging data is obtained by calculation by the pipe network transfer module according to the confluence process obtained by the confluence module and the drainage process of the pipe network.
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述产流模块具体为净雨过程计算模型，产流模块是通过对降雨进行扣损从而得到地面有效净雨的过程。降雨的产流过程扣损通常需考虑流域的蒸发、植被截留、低洼地面的洼蓄和土壤下渗等因素影响。具体地，净雨过程可按照以下公式进行计算：As a preferred implementation, the runoff module is specifically a calculation model of a rain-cleaning process, and the runoff module is a process of obtaining effective net rain on the ground by deducting rainfall. The deduction and loss of rainfall runoff usually need to consider factors such as evaporation in the watershed, interception by vegetation, subsidence of low-lying ground, and soil infiltration. Specifically, the net rain process can be calculated according to the following formula:
公式一：R0＝(q-fm)Δt-D0-EFormula 1: R0 =(qfm )Δt-D0 -E
其中，R0为净雨量，单位为mm；q为降雨强度，单位为mm/s；fm为下渗速率单位为mm/s；△t为计算时间步长，单位为s；D0为截留和洼蓄量，单位为mm；E为蒸发量，单位为mm。Among them, R0 is the net rainfall, the unit is mm; q is the rainfall intensity, the unit is mm/s; fm is the infiltration rate, the unit is mm/s; Δt is the calculation time step, the unit is s; D0 is Interception and subsidence storage, in mm; E is evaporation, in mm.
汇流过程是指将各分区净雨汇集到出口控制断面或直接排入河道的过程。地表径流模拟采用非线性水库模型，即汇流模块具体为非线性水库模型，由连续方程和曼宁方程联立求解。模型需要输入每个排水小区的面积、宽度、坡度、透水地表和不透水地表的曼宁糙率，不透水地表的百分比，无洼蓄能力的不透水地表所占的百分比，透水地表和不透水地表的洼蓄量。The confluence process refers to the process of converging the net rain in each subregion to the outlet control section or directly discharging into the river. The surface runoff simulation adopts a nonlinear reservoir model, that is, the confluence module is specifically a nonlinear reservoir model, which is solved by the continuity equation and the Manning equation simultaneously. The model needs to input the area, width, slope, Manning roughness of pervious surface and impervious surface, percentage of impervious surface, percentage of impervious surface without depression storage capacity, pervious surface and impervious surface for each drainage plot. Depression volume on the ground surface.
对于某一个汇水区，所述非线性水库模型的连续性方程为：For a catchment area, the continuity equation of the nonlinear reservoir model is:
公式二：Formula two:
其中，v为汇水区库容水量，单位为m3；d为水深，单位为m；A为汇水区面积，单位为m2；i*为净雨强度，单位为mm/s；q为出流量，单位为m3/s。Among them, v is the water capacity of the reservoir in the catchment area, the unit is m3 ; d is the water depth, the unit is m; A is the area of the catchment area, the unit is m2 ; i* is the net rain intensity, the unit is mm/s; q is Outflow, in m3 /s.
出流量q通过曼宁公式进行计算，具体计算过程如下：The outflow q is calculated by the Manning formula, and the specific calculation process is as follows:
公式三：Formula three:
其中，W为汇水区宽度，单位为m；n为曼宁粗糙系数；d为水深，单位为m；dp为滞蓄水深，单位为m；S为汇水区坡度。Among them, W is the width of the catchment area, in m; n is the Manning roughness coefficient; d is the water depth, in m; dp is the stagnant water depth, in m; S is the slope of the catchment area.
将公式三代入公式二中，可得：Substituting Equation 3 into Equation 2, we can get:
公式四：Formula four:
其中，WCON代指常数，为该项的系数总值。Among them, WCON refers to the constant, which is the total value of the coefficient of this item.
非线性水库求解的最终目标是计算得到汇水区出流流量随时间变化的过程。由公式四可知，只要求出每个计算时刻的水深d，即可通过曼宁公式计算得到汇水区的出流过程线。The ultimate goal of the nonlinear reservoir solution is to calculate the process of the outflow flow in the catchment area changing with time. It can be seen from formula 4 that only the water depth d at each calculation time is required, and the outflow process line of the catchment area can be calculated by Manning's formula.
每个计算时刻的水深d的计算方法如下：The calculation method of the water depth d at each calculation time is as follows:
对公式四进行有限差分近似，即A finite-difference approximation is made to Equation 4, namely
公式五：Formula five:
式中，d1为前一计算时刻水深，单位为m；d2为当前计算时刻水深，单位为m，△t为计算时间步长，单位为s。In the formula, d1 is the water depth at the previous calculation time, and the unit is m; d2 is the water depth at the current calculation time, and the unit is m; △t is the calculation time step, and the unit is s.
在具体求解中，净雨强度值在时间步长内取均值，出流中水深由前一时刻水深d1与当前时刻水深d2取平均获得，即In the specific solution, the net rain intensity value is averaged within the time step, and the water depth in the outflow is obtained by averaging the water depth d1 at the previous moment and the water depth d2 at the current moment, namely
公式六：Formula six:
公式六对于某个计算时刻只是一个含有一个未知数d2的非线性方程，可以使用数值方法求出数值解，也就是说可以求得每个时刻的水深d。Formula 6 is just a nonlinear equation containing an unknown d2 for a certain calculation time, and the numerical solution can be obtained by using numerical methods, that is to say, the water depth d at each time can be obtained.
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述管网转输模块采用圣维南方程组计算雨水在管网内的排水过程，圣维南方程组将雨水在管内的运动简化为一维运动，忽略垂直方向的速度和加速度，通过分别构建水量平衡方程和能量守恒方程进行运动过程的描述，具体计算公式如下：As a preferred implementation, the pipe network transfer module uses Saint-Venant's equations to calculate the drainage process of rainwater in the pipe network. Saint-Venant's equations simplify the movement of rainwater in the pipes to one-dimensional motion, ignoring the vertical The speed and acceleration in the direction are described by constructing the water balance equation and the energy conservation equation respectively. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
其中，A为过水断面面积，单位为m2；Q为流量，单位为m3/s；t为时间，单位为s；V为管内流速，单位为m/s；q为单位长度的旁侧入流量，单位为[m3/(s·m)]；h为管内水深，单位为m；x为管道方向的长度，单位为m；g为重力加速度，g＝9.81m/s2；Sf为阻力坡度；S0为管道底坡。Among them, A is the cross-sectional area of the water, the unit is m2; Q is the flow rate, the unit is m3 /s; t is the time, the unit is s; V is the flow velocity in the pipe, the unit is m/s; q is the side of the unit length Inflow, the unit is [m3/(s m)]; h is the water depth in the pipe, the unit is m; x is the length of the pipe direction, the unit is m; g is the acceleration of gravity, g=9.81m/s2 ; Sf is the resistance slope; S0 is the bottom slope of the pipeline.
作为一种优选的实施方式，根据所述城市预报降雨查询数据库中对应的重现期的设计降雨从而得到所述城市预报降雨对应的城市内涝数据具体为：As a preferred embodiment, according to the design rainfall of the corresponding return period in the urban forecast rainfall query database, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the urban forecast rainfall is specifically:
根据所述城市预报降雨中的持续T1时间内的降雨量M1，查询数据库得到降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨；According to the rainfall M1 in the continuous T1 time in the city forecast rainfall, query the database to obtain the design rainfall whose rainfall is closest to M1;
当降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨只有一个时，则获取该设计降雨对应的城市内涝数据；When there is only one design rainfall whose rainfall is closest to M1, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the design rainfall is obtained;
当降雨量最接近M1的设计降雨具有多个时，则获取这些设计降雨中的历时最接近T1的设计降雨所对应的城市内涝数据。When there are multiple design rainfalls whose rainfall is closest to M1, the urban waterlogging data corresponding to the design rainfall whose duration is closest to T1 among these design rainfalls is obtained.
本发明还提供了一种电子设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储有可执行计算机程序，所述处理器可读取所述存储器中的计算机程序并运行以实现如上所述的城市内涝预报方法。The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, the memory stores an executable computer program, and the processor can read and run the computer program in the memory to realize the urban waterlogging as described above Forecast method.
此外，本发明还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有可执行计算机程序，所述计算机程序运行时可实现如上所述的城市内涝预报方法。In addition, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where an executable computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program runs, the urban waterlogging forecasting method as described above can be implemented.
该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，本发明的方法如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在该计算机存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机存储介质可以包括：能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是，所述计算机存储介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减，例如在某些司法管辖区，根据立法和专利实践，计算机存储介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and if the method of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in the computer storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention realizes all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by instructing related hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer storage medium, and the computer program is in When executed by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments can be realized. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer storage medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to the legislation and patent practice, the computer storage medium does not include Electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910311952.8ACN110187413B (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | Urban waterlogging forecasting method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910311952.8ACN110187413B (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | Urban waterlogging forecasting method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN110187413Atrue CN110187413A (en) | 2019-08-30 |
| CN110187413B CN110187413B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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| CN201910311952.8AActiveCN110187413B (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | Urban waterlogging forecasting method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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