Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a fixable gastric bleeding monitoring capsule endoscope which can be fixed at a specific position in the stomach to monitor a gastric bleeding part in real time and a gastric bleeding real-time monitoring system comprising the capsule endoscope. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
< Structure one >
The fixable capsule endoscope for monitoring gastrorrhagia has the following technical characteristics: the capsule comprises a capsule shell, a capsule cover and a capsule cover, wherein the capsule shell is provided with a non-transparent capsule shell and a transparent capsule shell; the endoscope fixing part comprises a miniature negative pressure pump fixedly arranged in the non-transparent capsule shell, a stomach tissue accommodating chamber connected with the miniature negative pressure pump and provided with an opening, and a fine needle fixing assembly arranged above the stomach tissue accommodating chamber, wherein the fine needle fixing assembly comprises a pressure sensor arranged in the stomach tissue accommodating chamber, a fine needle with a head end inserted into the wall of the stomach tissue accommodating chamber in a sealing way, and a miniature motor fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the non-transparent capsule shell and with an output end fixedly connected with the tail end of the fine needle; the image acquisition part is arranged in the transparent capsule shell and comprises a camera and a lighting device arranged around the camera; a signal transmission unit which is connected with the image acquisition unit in a communication manner and transmits the acquired image signal outwards; an endoscope-side microprocessor that processes signals transmitted from the endoscope fixing section, the image acquisition section, and the image transmission section and generates corresponding control signals; and a power supply for supplying power to the components in the endoscope.
After the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope reaches the vicinity of the gastrorrhagia part, the miniature negative pressure pump is started, so that the stomach tissue accommodating chamber is in a negative pressure state, and stomach wall tissues are attracted into the accommodating chamber. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the stomach body tissue accommodating chamber in real time, and transmits a monitoring signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor compares the current pressure data signal with a preset value, and when judging that the current pressure data signal reaches the preset value, the microprocessor transmits a forward rotation control signal to the micro motor to control the micro motor to forward rotate, so that the fine needle is driven to move in the stomach body tissue accommodating chamber, and penetrates into the stomach body tissue to fix the stomach body tissue. After the monitoring process is finished, the microprocessor sends a reverse control signal to the micro motor to control the micro motor to reverse, so that the fine needle is driven to move in the opposite direction, and the capsule endoscope is automatically dropped.
Preferably, the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope provided by the invention further comprises pH value detection electrodes which are respectively arranged on the abdomen side and the back side of the capsule shell and detect the change of the pH value in the stomach.
Preferably, in the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope provided by the present invention, the signal transmission part includes a pH value sensor, an image sensor, and a wireless communication module. The pH value sensor is used for receiving the pH value signal detected by the pH value detection electrode; the image sensor is in communication connection with the camera, receives the picture of the bleeding part shot by the camera, and converts the optical image into an electric signal in corresponding proportional relation with the optical image by utilizing the photoelectric conversion function of the photoelectric device; the wireless communication module transmits signals transmitted by the pH value sensor and the image sensor outwards.
Preferably, in the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope provided by the invention, the non-transparent capsule shell is a semi-cylinder, the diameter is 10mm, and the length is 30mm; the head end transparent capsule shell is in the shape of 1/4 sphere, and the diameter is also 10mm.
Preferably, in the fixable capsule endoscope for monitoring gastrorrhagia, the thin needles are metal thin needles with the diameter of 1mm, the tail ends of the two thin needles are fixedly arranged on a connecting rod, and the middle part of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the output end of the micro motor.
The length of the thin needle is consistent with the width of the stomach tissue accommodating chamber, the thin needle can penetrate through stomach tissue sucked into the stomach tissue accommodating chamber to be effectively fixed, the metal attribute of the thin needle ensures that the needle has certain ductility, and the thin needle can resist the movement of the stomach tissue caused by contraction and peristalsis of the stomach wall to a certain extent.
Preferably, in the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope provided by the invention, the lighting device is a medical LED lamp, and the wireless communication module is Bluetooth.
< Structure two >
Further, the invention also provides a system for monitoring the gastrorrhagia in real time, which has the following technical characteristics: comprises a structure I of the capsule endoscope; the connecting sleeve is connected with the gastroscope and the capsule endoscope, one end is a gastroscope connecting end, and the other end is a capsule endoscope connecting end; the portable data conversion instrument is bound on the abdomen of a patient through a binding belt, is in communication connection with the capsule endoscope, receives signals sent by the capsule endoscope, and processes and stores the signals; and the monitor is in communication connection with the portable data conversion instrument and displays the intragastric image shot by the capsule endoscope and the detected pH value in real time.
Preferably, in the real-time monitoring system for gastrorrhagia provided by the invention, the gastroscope connecting end of the connecting sleeve is made of a transparent medical rubber material, so that the sleeve is in sealing connection with the gastroscope; the connecting sleeve main body is made of transparent medical hard plastic, and the length is 25mm; the capsule endoscope connecting end is a transparent inflatable bag, the material is also medical rubber material, an inflation valve is arranged on the inflatable bag, the valve switch can be connected with the gastroscope biopsy forceps, the gastroscope biopsy forceps are opened, after the gastroscope biopsy forceps are opened, gas in the capsule endoscope connecting end is discharged, the capsule endoscope can be separated from the connecting sleeve, namely, the capsule endoscope is placed in a specific position of the stomach wall through the gastroscope and the connecting sleeve.
Preferably, in the system for monitoring gastrorrhagia in real time provided by the invention, the portable data conversion instrument comprises a signal transmitter, a conversion instrument side microprocessor, a data storage module, a data connection port, a battery power receiver and a battery power indicator lamp, wherein the signal transmitter is in communication connection with the wireless communication module, the conversion instrument side microprocessor is used for processing signals received by the signal transmitter, the data storage module is used for storing processing signals of the conversion instrument side microprocessor, the data connection port is used for transmitting the data storage module to the monitor, the battery power receiver is used for receiving battery power signals of the capsule endoscope, and the battery power indicator lamp is arranged on the surface of the portable data conversion instrument.
Preferably, in the system for monitoring gastrorrhagia in real time provided by the invention, the monitor comprises a bedside monitor and a mobile monitor, the bedside monitor is connected with the portable data conversion instrument through a data line or a wireless communication network, and displays the intragastric image shot by the capsule endoscope and the detected pH value in real time, the display is large, the observation of doctors is convenient, and the system is suitable for patients needing to lie still and lying in bed; the mobile monitor is a mobile phone or a tablet personal computer, is connected with the portable data conversion instrument through a wireless communication network, and is suitable for patients who get out of bed.
Effects and effects of the invention
The fixable capsule endoscope for monitoring the gastrorrhagia and the real-time monitoring system for the gastrorrhagia have the following technical effects:
firstly, because the endoscope fixing part is arranged in the fixable gastric bleeding monitoring capsule endoscope, gastric tissues are sucked into the stomach tissue accommodating chamber through the miniature negative pressure pump therein and then fixed through the fine needle assembly, so that the capsule endoscope is fixed in a specific position of a gastric cavity, and focus is continuously photographed, and the aim of acquiring the focus bleeding condition in real time is fulfilled.
After the endoscope capsule is implanted into a patient, the data conversion instrument and the monitor are connected, the patient can normally move, when the battery of the capsule is about to be exhausted, the micro motor is controlled by the microprocessor at the endoscope side to reversely rotate, so that the fine needle is separated from the stomach tissue, and the capsule is automatically separated from the stomach wall and is discharged from the anus. The whole monitoring process is convenient to operate, the patient is painless, a clinician and the patient can observe the bleeding condition of the focus in the stomach in real time, and help is provided for the first time treatment and treatment of the patient with the re-bleeding.
Secondly, the fixable gastric bleeding monitoring capsule endoscope is also provided with the pH value detection electrode and the pH value sensor, so that not only can an image of a bleeding part be obtained, but also detection data can be obtained through the pH value, and more comprehensive monitoring of the intragastric condition can be realized.
Thirdly, the gastrorrhagia real-time monitoring system comprises a connecting sleeve, wherein one end of the connecting sleeve is a gastroscope connecting end, the other end of the connecting sleeve is a capsule endoscope connecting end, and the capsule endoscope is connected to a gastroscope head end (side view mirror) through the connecting sleeve to operate. The transparent connecting sleeve allows the capsule endoscope to be installed under the real-time observation of the gastroscope lens, the capsule endoscope lens is simultaneously started to shoot the real-time pictures in the esophagus and the stomach, and the two are synchronous to the intragastric bleeding condition and the observation of the focus, so that the accurate positioning of the focus can be realized in the capsule fixing process.
Fourth, the monitor is divided into a bedside monitor and a mobile monitor, the bedside monitor is suitable for patients who need to lie in bed with great bleeding risk, a large display screen is convenient for doctors and patients to check the bleeding condition in the stomach of the patients in time, and the mobile monitor takes a mobile phone and the like as a carrier, so that the patients can conveniently observe and monitor the gastric condition in time during activities.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. The following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a real-time monitoring system for gastrorrhagia in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the real-time monitoring system for gastrorrhagia 10 includes a capsule endoscope 11, a connection sleeve 12, a portable data conversion instrument 13, and monitors including two types of bedside monitors 14 and mobile monitors 15.
The capsule endoscope 11 is placed into the stomach 100 through the connecting sleeve 12 and the gastroscope, is in communication connection with the portable data converter 13, transmits the monitored stomach image signal and the pH value signal to the portable data converter 13, processes the data by the portable data converter, and transmits the image and the pH value to the bedside monitor 14 and the mobile monitor 15 for real-time display.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the external appearance of a fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a capsule endoscope for monitoring the fixable gastrorrhagia in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the capsule endoscope for monitoring the gastrorrhagia, which can be fixed, is entirely capsule-shaped, and includes a capsule housing 16, and an endoscope fixing portion, a pH detecting portion, an image acquiring portion, a signal transmitting portion, an endoscope-side microprocessor, and a power source, which are provided in the housing.
The capsule housing 16 includes a non-transparent capsule housing 161 and a transparent capsule housing 162. The non-transparent capsule shell 161 is a tail end, is semi-cylindrical, has a diameter of 10mm and a length of 30mm; the transparent capsule housing 162 is in the shape of a 1/4 sphere with a diameter of 10mm at the head end, and the mucus in the stomach is not easily adhered to the surface.
The endoscope fixing portion is provided in the non-transparent capsule case 161, and includes a micro negative pressure pump 17, a stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18, a pressure sensor 19, a fine needle 20, and a micro motor 21.
The micro negative pressure pump 17 is disposed at the end of the non-transparent capsule housing 161, and has the same structure and principle as the micro negative pressure pump in the prior art, that is, one suction nozzle and one exhaust nozzle are respectively provided, vacuum or negative pressure can be continuously formed at the inlet, and micro positive pressure is formed at the exhaust nozzle. In the aspect of the working principle, the diaphragm in the pump is made to reciprocate through the circular motion of the motor, so that the air in the pump cavity is compressed and stretched to form negative pressure, the pressure difference is generated between the air suction opening and the outside atmospheric pressure, and the air is sucked into the pump cavity and then discharged from the air outlet under the action of the pressure difference. In this embodiment, since the size of the capsule endoscope is small, the size of the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18 is smaller, the length is about 8mm, the width and the height are about 4mm, the required negative pressure is small, and in order to save space, a miniature direct current motor with the size of 3.8mm is selected as a diaphragm driving motor in the miniature negative pressure pump 17, so that the requirement can be met, the whole width of the miniature negative pressure pump is about 5mm, and the length is about 7-8 mm.
The stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18 is provided below the micro negative pressure pump 17, and the upper right side of the top wall thereof communicates with the suction nozzle of the micro negative pressure pump 17. The pressure sensor 19 is inserted from the ceiling wall into the stomach tissue receiving chamber 18, and detects the pressure therein in real time. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 19 is small in size, but has high sensitivity, and a pressure sensor with a measuring range of 2-500 psi manufactured by Entran in the united states can be selected, and the diameter of the pressure sensor is only 1.27mm, so that the pressure sensor can be placed in a blood vessel to perform pressure sensing, and the pressure sensing in the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18 can be completely realized.
The fine needle 20 and the micro motor 21 are arranged at the left side of the micro negative pressure pump 17, the micro motor 21 is a micro direct current motor, the micro motor 21 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the non-transparent capsule shell 161, a connecting rod 22 is fixedly arranged at the output end, two fine needles 20 are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting rod, and the head ends of the fine needles are inserted into the top wall of the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18.
The thin needle 20 has a diameter of 1mm and a length consistent with the width of the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18, and can penetrate the stomach tissue sucked into the stomach tissue accommodating chamber to be effectively fixed, and the metal property ensures that the needle has certain ductility and can resist the movement of the stomach tissue caused by the contraction peristaltic motion of the stomach wall to a certain extent.
The pH detecting unit is provided below the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18, and is provided with pH detecting electrodes 23, which are respectively installed on the abdomen side and the back side of the capsule case, for detecting changes in the pH in the stomach.
The image acquisition part corresponds to the transparent capsule housing 162 and comprises a camera 24 and an illumination device 25 mounted around the camera. In this embodiment, the illumination device 25 is preferably a medical LED lamp.
The signal transmission part includes a pH sensor 26, an image sensor 27, and a wireless communication module 28. The pH sensor 26 is arranged between the pH detection electrodes 23 and receives the detected pH signal; the image sensor is in communication connection with the camera 24, receives the picture of the bleeding part shot by the camera, and converts the optical image into an electric signal in corresponding proportional relation with the optical image by utilizing the photoelectric conversion function of the photoelectric device of the picture; the wireless communication module 28 is bluetooth, and transmits signals transmitted from the pH sensor 26 and the image sensor 27 outwards.
The endoscope-side microprocessor 29 is communicatively connected to the micro negative pressure pump 17, the pressure sensor 19, the micro motor 21, the pH sensor 26, the image sensor 27, and the wireless communication module 28, receives the detection signals, and generates corresponding control signals.
The duration of the power supply 30 is 3-5 days, and the battery power is transmitted to the endoscope side microprocessor 29 in an electric signal mode. When the battery level remains 10%, the endoscope-side microprocessor 29 controls the micro motor 21 to reverse the rotation so that the fine needle is separated from the stomach tissue.
After the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope 11 in the present embodiment reaches the vicinity of the gastrorrhagia site, the endoscope-side microprocessor 29 controls the micro negative pressure pump 17 to be turned on, so that the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18 is in a negative pressure state, thereby sucking stomach wall tissue into the accommodating chamber. The pressure sensor 19 monitors the pressure in the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18 in real time, and transmits a monitoring signal to the endoscope side microprocessor 29, the microprocessor compares the current pressure data signal with a preset value, and when judging that the preset value is reached, the microprocessor sends a forward rotation control signal to the micro motor 21 to control the micro motor to rotate forward, so that the fine needle 20 is driven to move into the stomach tissue accommodating chamber, and penetrates the stomach tissue to fix the stomach tissue. When the battery power is 10%, the microprocessor sends a reverse control signal to the micro motor 21 to control the micro motor to reverse, so as to drive the fine needle to move in the opposite direction, and the capsule endoscope can automatically fall off.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a connection sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the connecting sleeve 12 is connected with the gastroscope and the capsule endoscope 11, and the gastroscope connecting end 121 of the connecting sleeve is made of transparent medical rubber material, so that the sleeve and the gastroscope are connected in a sealing way; the connecting sleeve body 122 is made of transparent medical hard plastic and has a length of 25mm; the capsule endoscope connecting end 123 is a transparent inflatable bag, is made of medical rubber materials, is provided with an inflation valve 123a, can be connected with a gastroscope biopsy forceps, is opened through the gastroscope biopsy forceps, and is released from the gas in the capsule endoscope connecting end after being opened, and the capsule endoscope can be separated from the connecting sleeve, so that the capsule endoscope is placed in a specific position of the stomach wall through the gastroscope and the connecting sleeve.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable data converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the portable data converter 13 is tied to the abdomen of the patient by a tie 31, is connected with the capsule endoscope in a communication manner, receives signals sent by the capsule endoscope, and processes and stores the signals. The portable data conversion instrument 13 is internally provided with a signal transmitter 32, a conversion instrument side microprocessor 33, a data storage module 34, a data connection port 35, a capsule battery power receiver 36 and a power supply 37; the surface is provided with a power switch 38, a fixed button 39 and a capsule battery power indicator light 40.
The signal transmitter 31 is also bluetooth, and is in communication connection with the wireless communication module 28, and receives the image data signal, the pH value data signal and the time tag transmitted by the wireless communication module 28; the converter-side microprocessor 33 receives these data signals and stores them in the data storage module 34; the data in the data storage module 34 can be connected with the bedside monitor 14 through the data connection port 35 or can be imported into a computer terminal for storage and analysis, and can also be connected with the mobile monitor 15 through a wireless communication network such as Bluetooth; the capsule battery power receiver 36 receives the capsule endoscope battery power signal and is directly connected with the capsule battery power indicator lamp 37, when the capsule battery power is sufficient, the indicator lamp is green, when the capsule battery power is less than 10%, the indicator lamp turns red, and when the capsule battery is not powered on, the indicator lamp does not develop color. In actual use, when the battery power of the capsule is less than 10%, the converter side microprocessor 33 sends a control signal to the endoscope side microprocessor 29 through the signal transmitter 31 and the wireless communication module 28, and the endoscope side microprocessor 29 controls the micro motor 21 to rotate reversely according to the control signal, so that the capsule endoscope automatically drops.
The monitor comprises a bedside monitor 14 and a mobile monitor 15, the bedside monitor 14 is connected with the portable data converter 13 through a data line or a Bluetooth converter, and displays the intragastric image shot by the capsule endoscope and the detected pH value in real time, the display is large, the doctor can observe conveniently, and the portable data converter is suitable for patients needing to lie in bed; the mobile monitor 15 is a mobile phone or a tablet computer, and is connected with the portable data conversion instrument 13 through a wireless communication network, so that the mobile monitor is suitable for patients who get out of bed.
The method for using the real-time monitoring system for gastrorrhagia in this embodiment is as follows:
before the implantation of the fixable capsule endoscope 11, the patient performs the conventional side-view fiber gastroscopy to detect the intragastric bleeding, determine the nature and the position of the bleeding focus, and evaluate the intragastric position which is favorable for fixing the capsule endoscope and has a good view for monitoring the gastrorrhagia focus.
The fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope 11 is started, and simultaneously the portable data conversion instrument 13 and the bedside monitor 14 are turned on, and the capsule endoscope lens photographing function and the pH recording function are checked. When the working state of the capsule endoscope is determined to be normal, the fixable gastrorrhagia monitoring capsule endoscope 11 is connected to the gastroscope end through the connecting sleeve 12, and after the connection is completed, the air bag at the connecting end of the capsule endoscope is inflated through the inflation valve, so that the capsule endoscope is tightly connected with the connecting sleeve. Under the real-time exploration of the two lenses of the fiber gastroscope and the capsule endoscope, the position of the intragastric bleeding position and the position of the focus which is suitable for installing the capsule and has good vision are searched for real-time monitoring.
After the position is determined, a fixed button on the portable data conversion instrument 13 is clicked, and the micro negative pressure pump 17 is controlled by the endoscope-side microprocessor 29 to be turned on, so that a negative pressure state is formed in the stomach tissue accommodating chamber 18, and stomach wall tissue is attracted into the accommodating chamber. The pressure sensor 19 monitors the pressure in the stomach body tissue accommodating chamber 18 in real time, and transmits a monitoring signal to the endoscope side microprocessor 29, the microprocessor compares the current pressure data signal with a preset value, and when judging that the preset value is reached, the microprocessor sends a forward rotation control signal to the micro motor 21 to control the micro motor to rotate forward, so that the fine needle 20 is driven to move into the stomach body tissue accommodating chamber, penetrates into the stomach body tissue to fix the stomach body tissue, and the fixation of the capsule endoscope is realized.
The camera 24 takes a picture of the bleeding site with the aid of the illumination device 25 and receives it from the image sensor 27, while the pH detection electrodes 23 mounted on the abdomen side and the back side of the capsule detect the change in the pH in the stomach in real time and transmit it to the pH sensor 26. The image sensor 27 and the pH sensor 26 transmit the collected data signals together with the time tag to the portable data converter 13 through the wireless communication module 28, and the data are analyzed, temporarily stored and displayed in real time through the monitor.
When the battery power of the capsule endoscope is 10%, the microprocessor sends a reverse control signal to the micro motor 21 to control the micro motor to reverse, so that the fine needle is driven to move in the opposite direction, and the capsule endoscope is automatically dropped.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.