技术领域technical field
本发明涉及城市道路交叉口交通组织设计领域，具体为一种平面交叉口左转待转区设置评估方法。The invention relates to the field of urban road intersection traffic organization design, in particular to a setting evaluation method for a left-turn waiting area at a level intersection.
背景技术Background technique
城市信号控制交叉口是产生交通流冲突的主要位置，其通行能力的大小制约了整个路网的通行能力，左转车辆的通行与管理是制约信号交叉口通行能力的重点和难点。为了解决左转车流对交叉口的影响，提高左转车辆通行效率，充分利用交叉口的空间资源，左转待转区的设置是解决左转车流对交叉口影响的最佳方法。然而，在交叉口设置左转待转区中，对于评估是否可以设置左转待转区缺乏一套科学有效方法，常常需要资深交通工程师凭借经验判断，通过大量数据调查来印证实施效果，评估方法不科学，且耗费巨大的人力、物力。Urban signalized intersections are the main locations where traffic flow conflicts occur, and their capacity restricts the capacity of the entire road network. The traffic and management of left-turning vehicles is the key and difficult point of restricting the capacity of signalized intersections. In order to solve the impact of left-turn traffic flow on the intersection, improve the efficiency of left-turn vehicles, and make full use of the space resources of the intersection, the setting of left-turn waiting area is the best method to solve the impact of left-turn traffic flow on the intersection. However, in setting up left-turn waiting areas at intersections, there is no scientific and effective method for evaluating whether left-turn waiting areas can be set. It often requires senior traffic engineers to rely on experience to judge and verify the implementation effect through a large number of data investigations. Evaluation methods It is unscientific and consumes huge manpower and material resources.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种平面交叉口左转待转区设置评估方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the setting of a left-turn waiting area at a level intersection, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种平面交叉口左转待转区设置评估方法包含如下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for setting and evaluating the left-turn waiting area at a level intersection comprises the following steps:
步骤一、通过调查左转车流量来评估是否需要设置左转待行区；Step 1. Evaluate whether it is necessary to set up a left-turn waiting area by investigating the traffic flow of left-turn vehicles;
在高峰时段信号交叉口红灯期间，车辆在停车线前依次排队，随着红灯时间的延续，排队长度不断增长，在红灯结束时刻，出现最大排队车辆数，此时会出现以下三种情形：During the red light at the signal intersection during the rush hour, the vehicles line up in front of the stop line in turn. As the red light time continues, the queue length continues to increase. At the end of the red light, the maximum number of vehicles in the queue appears. At this time, the following three situations will occur: situation:
第一、最大排队车辆数可以在一绿灯时间内清空，剩余绿灯时间，此时评判为左转车道通行能力大于实际通行能力，不必设置左弯待转区；First, the maximum number of queuing vehicles can be cleared within one green light time, and the remaining green light time, at this time, it is judged that the traffic capacity of the left-turn lane is greater than the actual traffic capacity, and there is no need to set up a left-turn waiting area;
第二、最大排队车辆数可以在一次绿灯时间内清空，无剩余绿灯时间，此时评判为左转车道通行能力等于实际通行能力，不必设置左弯待转区；Second, the maximum number of queuing vehicles can be cleared within one green light time, and there is no remaining green light time. At this time, it is judged that the traffic capacity of the left-turn lane is equal to the actual traffic capacity, and there is no need to set up a left-turn waiting area;
第三、最大排队车辆数不可以在一次绿灯时间内清空，此时评判为左转车道通行能力小于实际通行能力，需要设置左弯待转区；因此，在高峰时段内，若单位周期的红灯时间内左转车辆不可以在一次绿灯时间内清空，考虑设置左弯待转区；Third, the maximum number of queuing vehicles cannot be cleared within one green light time. At this time, it is judged that the traffic capacity of the left-turn lane is less than the actual traffic capacity, and it is necessary to set up a left-turn waiting area; Vehicles turning left during the light time cannot be cleared within one green light time, consider setting up a left-turn waiting area;
步骤二、通过计算左转待转区长度评判是否可以设置左转待行区，随着左转待转区长度的增加，左转车的通行能力也会逐步提高，但当左转待转区能至少停放3辆车时，才能显现出左转车通行能力的提高幅度，假设小型车的长度约为4m，车间间隙约为1m，如左转待转区内需要停放3辆车，则空间长度L需要大于等于15m；Step 2. Judge whether the left-turn waiting area can be set by calculating the length of the left-turn waiting area. With the increase of the length of the left-turn waiting area, the traffic capacity of left-turn vehicles will gradually increase. Only when at least 3 vehicles can be parked can the traffic capacity of left-turn vehicles increase. Assume that the length of a small car is about 4m and the inter-workshop gap is about 1m. The length L needs to be greater than or equal to 15m;
设L是左转车在左转待转区内需要停放空间长度，w1是左转行车轨迹起点与终点的横向距离，w2是左转行车轨迹起点与终点的纵向距离，将左转行车轨迹看作一段圆弧，假设其圆心在无限远处，通过弧长公式求L，假设w1≥w2，延长w2，延长线段长为y，使得w2+y的值等于弧长的半径R，即Let L be the length of the parking space required for a left-turn vehicle in the left-turn waiting area, w1 be the lateral distance between the starting point and the end point of the left-turning trajectory, and w2 be the longitudinal distance between the starting point and the end point of the left-turning trajectory. The trajectory is regarded as a circular arc, assuming that the center of the circle is at infinity, find L through the arc length formula, assuming w1 ≥ w2 , extend w2 , and the length of the extended line segment is y, so that the value of w2 +y is equal to the arc length Radius R, ie
圆弧的圆心角θ为：The central angle θ of the arc is:
(θ＝π，2π，3π，…)(θ=π, 2π, 3π, ...)
最后求得弧长L：Finally find the arc length L:
L＝(w2+y)·θL=(w2 +y)·θ
即which is
L≥15m；因此交叉口的左转待转区长度符合适用条件；L≥15m; therefore, the length of the left-turn waiting area at the intersection meets the applicable conditions;
步骤三、通过绘制左转车辆行车轨迹评判是否可以设置左转待行区；Step 3. Judge whether the left-turn waiting area can be set by drawing the trajectory of the left-turn vehicle;
在多个进口道设置左转待转区时，多股左转车流在通过交叉口时的安全距离必须符合相关的几何尺寸，以左转进口车道停止线为起点，左转进入出口车道为终点参考，绘制左转车辆行车轨迹；When left-turn waiting areas are set at multiple entrances, the safety distance of multiple left-turn traffic flows when passing the intersection must conform to the relevant geometric dimensions, starting from the stop line of the left-turn entrance lane and ending with the left-turn exit lane For reference, draw the trajectory of the left-turning vehicle;
左转车辆转弯轨迹在通过交叉口时保持一定的安全距离，避免发生车辆的冲突；据研究，机动车辆安全通过交叉所需要的最小距离取2米，因此，通过弧长公式验算需设左转待转区的左转行车轨迹起点与终点的横向距离w1和左转车行车轨迹起点与终点的纵向距离w2，检验弧长L是否达到15m；The turning trajectory of left-turning vehicles should keep a certain safe distance when passing through the intersection to avoid vehicle conflicts; according to research, the minimum distance required for motor vehicles to safely pass through the intersection is 2 meters. The horizontal distance w1 between the starting point and the ending point of the left-turning track in the waiting area and the longitudinal distance w2 between the starting point and the ending point of the left-turning track, check whether the arc length L reaches 15m;
另外，在多个进口道设置左转待转区时，两股左转车流在通过交叉口时的安全距离必须大于或等于2m，如达到以上两个条件，则可以评判该交叉口可以满足设置左转待转区的几何条件要求；In addition, when setting left-turn waiting areas at multiple entrances, the safety distance between two left-turn traffic flows must be greater than or equal to 2m when passing the intersection. If the above two conditions are met, the intersection can be judged to meet the set requirements. Geometric condition requirements for the left-turn waiting area;
步骤四、通过信号控制设置方式来评判是否可以设置左转待行区；Step 4. Judge whether the left-turn waiting area can be set through the signal control setting method;
左转待转区信号灯必须跟随不经过左弯待转区的流向同时亮起绿灯，让左转车辆安全进入左弯待转区，具体的设置方式共有3种，包括与对向直行同时放行，与行人同时放行，及与横向左转同时放行。The signal light in the left-turn waiting area must follow the flow direction that does not pass through the left-turn waiting area and turn on the green light at the same time, so that the left-turning vehicle can safely enter the left-turn waiting area. There are 3 specific setting methods, including simultaneous release with the opposite straight line, Clear at the same time as pedestrians, and at the same time as turning left laterally.
进一步优选，所述的步骤四中3种设置方式的适用情况如下所示：Further preferably, the applicability of the three setting methods in step 4 is as follows:
与对向直行同时放行的控制方式一般适用于对向直行车流较大的情况，这种设置方式在左弯待转区路口里使用率最高，因为这种设置方式通行效率较高，且适用于普遍的交叉口；The control mode of simultaneous release with the opposite straight traffic is generally applicable to the situation where the traffic flow of the opposite straight traffic is large. This setting method is most frequently used at the intersection of the left-turn waiting area, because this setting method has higher traffic efficiency and is suitable for common intersections;
与行人同时放行的控制方式一般适用于路口设有行人专用相位，且左弯待转区的对向进口道车流量非常小或对向是单行道的情况，设置左弯待转区一侧的行人过街应在满足过街需求的前提下，提前结束通行时间以提供车辆进入待转区的时间；The control method of simultaneous release with pedestrians is generally applicable to the situation where there is a special phase for pedestrians at the intersection, and the traffic flow of the opposite entrance lane in the left-turn waiting area is very small or the opposite direction is a one-way street. Pedestrian crossing the street should end the passing time in advance to provide the time for vehicles to enter the waiting area under the premise of meeting the crossing demand;
与横向左转同时放行的控制方式一般适用于对向直行车流很小或没有直行车流，且设有左弯待转区的横向左转车流较大，横向的左转车行车轨迹不经过左弯待转区的情况，这种设置方式要求路口面积足够大，才能避免横向的左转车的行车轨迹不经过左弯待转区，受客观道路条件限制，故这种设置方式在左弯待转区路口中使用率较低。The control method of simultaneous release with the lateral left turn is generally applicable to the oncoming through traffic flow with little or no through traffic flow, and the lateral left turn traffic flow with a left turn waiting area is relatively large, and the trajectory of the horizontal left turn vehicle does not pass through the left bend In the case of the turn-waiting area, this setting method requires the intersection area to be large enough to avoid the driving trajectory of the horizontal left-turning vehicle not passing through the left-turn waiting area, which is limited by the objective road conditions, so this setting method is used in the left-turn waiting area. The usage rate is low in the district intersection.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：该方法通过梳理左转待转区的适用条件，结合交叉口的道路几何特征，计算出左转待转区长度以及车辆转向轨迹间距评判，与适用条件进行对比，从而评判设置左转待转区的科学性和合理性。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method calculates the length of the left-turn waiting area and the judgment of the vehicle turning track distance by combing the applicable conditions of the left-turn waiting area and combining the road geometric characteristics of the intersection. By comparing with the applicable conditions, the scientificity and rationality of setting up the left-turn waiting area can be judged.
这种方法只需测量交叉口左转行车轨迹起点与终点的横向距离，以及左转行车轨迹起点与终点的纵向距离，则可以计算左转待转区的长度，评判是否能达到临界值，相比原来常常需要资深交通工程师凭借经验判断，通过大量数据调查来印证实施效果，评估方法更加科学合理，减少人力、物力投入。This method only needs to measure the horizontal distance between the starting point and the end point of the left-turn traffic trajectory at the intersection, and the longitudinal distance between the starting point and the end point of the left-turn traffic trajectory at the intersection, then it can calculate the length of the left-turn waiting area and judge whether it can reach the critical value. Compared with the past, senior traffic engineers often need to rely on experience to judge and verify the implementation effect through a large number of data investigations. The evaluation method is more scientific and reasonable, and the input of manpower and material resources is reduced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例中平面信号交叉口四车道状态结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the four-lane state structure of a plane signalized intersection in an embodiment;
图2为实施例中步骤二中南北两股左转车流在通过交叉口状态结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state structure of the north-south two left-turn traffic flows passing through the intersection in step 2 of the embodiment;
图3为实施例中步骤二中弧长计算公式示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of arc length calculation formula in step 2 in the embodiment;
图4为步骤三中左转车辆行车轨迹示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of the left-turning vehicle in step 3;
图5为步骤四中交叉口的信号控制模式图。Fig. 5 is a signal control mode diagram of the intersection in Step 4.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例：如下图1所示，平面信号交叉口各进口均为四车道，车道宽为3.2-3.5米，在实施改造前路口未设置任何待行区和渠化设置。Example: As shown in Figure 1 below, each entrance of the level signalized intersection has four lanes, and the width of the lane is 3.2-3.5 meters. Before the transformation, no waiting area and channelization were set at the intersection.
步骤一：通过调查左转车流量来评估是否需要设置左转待行区；Step 1: Evaluate whether it is necessary to set up a left-turn waiting area by investigating the left-turn traffic flow;
经调查，该路口在晚高峰期间，南北左转车流量达到每小时600辆左右，超出道路通行能力，在红灯结束前最大排队车辆数不可以在一次绿灯时间内清空，此时评判为左转车道通行能力小于实际通行能力，需要设置左弯待转区。After investigation, during the evening rush hour at this intersection, the traffic flow of north-south left-turn vehicles reached about 600 vehicles per hour, which exceeded the road capacity. The traffic capacity of the turning lane is less than the actual traffic capacity, and a left-turn waiting area needs to be set up.
步骤二：通过计算左转待转区长度评判是否可以设置左转待行区；Step 2: Judge whether the left-turn waiting area can be set by calculating the length of the left-turn waiting area;
如下图2所示，根据实际测量结果，左转行车轨迹起点与终点的横向距离w1为13.3米，左转行车轨迹起点与终点的纵向距离w2为6.0米，南北两股左转车流在通过交叉口时的最小行车距离2.1米。As shown in Figure 2 below, according to the actual measurement results, the horizontal distance w1 between the starting point and the ending point of the left-turning traffic trajectory is 13.3 meters, and the longitudinal distance w2 between the starting point and the ending point of the left-turning traffic trajectory is 6.0 meters. The minimum driving distance when passing an intersection is 2.1 meters.
如图3所示，根据弧长计算公式求解，大于临界值15米，因此交叉口的左转待转区长度符合适用条件。As shown in Figure 3, according to the calculation formula of arc length, It is greater than the critical value of 15 meters, so the length of the left-turn waiting area at the intersection meets the applicable conditions.
步骤三：通过绘制左转车辆行车轨迹评判是否可以设置左转待行区如下图4所示，以左转进口车道停止线为起点，左转进入出口车道为终点参考，绘制左转车辆行车轨迹。Step 3: Judge whether the left-turn waiting area can be set by drawing the trajectory of the left-turning vehicle .
步骤四：通过信号控制设置方式来评判是否可以设置左转待行区根据调查，该信号交叉口在晚高峰时间段内，采用的是南北直行、南北左转、东西直行和东西左转的4个相位放行模式，分别时间40秒，30秒，40秒和30秒，共计周期140秒，下图5为通过图形表示该交叉口的信号控制模式。Step 4: Judging whether the left-turn waiting area can be set according to the signal control setting method According to the survey, the signalized intersection adopts 4 north-south straight lines, north-south left turns, east-west straight lines, and east-west left turns during the evening rush hour. Phase release mode, time 40 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds and 30 seconds respectively, with a total period of 140 seconds. Figure 5 below shows the signal control mode of the intersection through graphics.
因此，通过本发明适用条件评判，该信号交叉口左转待转区信号灯可跟随不经过左弯待转区的流向同时亮起绿灯，让左转车辆安全进入左弯待转区，属于对向直行同时放行的模式，符合设置左转待转区的适用条件。Therefore, through the evaluation of the applicable conditions of the present invention, the signal light in the left-turn waiting area of the signalized intersection can follow the flow direction that does not pass through the left-turn waiting area and turn on the green light at the same time, allowing left-turning vehicles to safely enter the left-turn waiting area, which belongs to the opposite direction The mode of passing through while going straight meets the applicable conditions for setting a left-turn waiting area.
综上所述，该信号交叉口从左转车流量、左转待转区几何条件以及信号控制设置方式上，均能满足左转待转区设置的适用条件。因此，评判该信号交叉口适合设置左转待转区。To sum up, the signalized intersection can meet the applicable conditions for the setting of the left-turn waiting area in terms of the left-turn traffic flow, the geometric conditions of the left-turn waiting area, and the signal control setting method. Therefore, it is judged that this signalized intersection is suitable for setting a left-turn waiting area.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910368135.6ACN110111569A (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Method for setting and evaluating left-turn waiting area of plane intersection |
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| CN201910368135.6ACN110111569A (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Method for setting and evaluating left-turn waiting area of plane intersection |
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| CN201910368135.6APendingCN110111569A (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Method for setting and evaluating left-turn waiting area of plane intersection |
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