技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种桥梁结构，特别是U形组合梁桥、灯柱和护栏的结构及其制作方法，属于桥梁结构技术领域。The invention relates to a bridge structure, in particular to a U-shaped composite girder bridge, a structure of a lamp post and a guardrail and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bridge structures.
背景技术Background technique
传统的空心板梁混凝土用量大，混凝土节段自重大，对于交通不便的地区吊装运输不方便，且在运输、吊装的过程中混凝土板梁易损坏。既往混凝土空心板梁在服役期间，超载超重车辆增多以及长期的温度效应和收缩徐变容易使板梁出现开裂病害，危及桥梁主体的耐久性和安全性。此外，混凝土裂纹数量多、分布广，检测、修复及加固技术难度大，后期维护费用大，影响桥梁全寿命期的经济性能。Traditional hollow slab girders use a large amount of concrete, and the concrete segments are self-heavy. It is inconvenient to hoist and transport in areas with inconvenient traffic, and the concrete slab girders are easily damaged during transportation and hoisting. In the past, during the service period of concrete hollow slab girders, the increase of overloaded and overweight vehicles and the long-term temperature effect and shrinkage and creep tended to cause cracking of the slab girder, which endangered the durability and safety of the main body of the bridge. In addition, the number of concrete cracks is large and widely distributed, the detection, repair and reinforcement techniques are difficult, and the later maintenance costs are high, which affects the economic performance of the bridge throughout its life.
传统的空心板桥护栏多采用木结构和钢结构，木结构的耐久性差，易于出现虫蛀和风化腐蚀现象；喷漆钢结构外部的喷漆容易因为行人或车辆摩擦而脱落，钢筋裸漏在空气中，易出现锈蚀。这类护栏影响行车的安全性以及舒适性，后期的维护不方便，维护费用高。针对传统空心板梁自重大、开裂病害多及护栏耐久性差等问题，提出一种冷弯U形组合梁桥来解决。Traditional hollow slab bridge guardrails are mostly made of wood and steel structures. The durability of the wood structure is poor, and it is prone to insects and weathering corrosion; the paint on the outside of the painted steel structure is easy to fall off due to the friction of pedestrians or vehicles, and the exposed steel bars leak in the air. , prone to rust. This kind of guardrail affects the safety and comfort of driving, and the later maintenance is inconvenient and the maintenance cost is high. Aiming at the problems of traditional hollow slab girders such as heavy weight, many cracks and diseases, and poor durability of guardrails, a cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge is proposed to solve the problem.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明需要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术的不足，而提供一种公路冷弯U形组合梁桥及其施工方法。The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a road cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge and its construction method for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种公路冷弯U形组合梁桥，包括横向及纵向拼接的若干U形钢板，U形钢板的截面为U形，U形钢板的开口表面盖有钢筋混凝土板，所述钢筋混凝土板的四周侧面具有预留钢筋，预留钢筋为钩状，相邻两个钢筋混凝土板之间通过预留钢筋相扣；沿梁桥方向前后相邻的两个钢筋混凝土板之间为横向湿接缝，左右相邻的两个钢筋混凝土板之间为纵向湿接缝，所述横向湿接缝和纵向湿接缝内浇筑有混凝土，所述钢筋混凝土板表面铺设有沥青层。A cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge for highways, comprising several U-shaped steel plates spliced horizontally and vertically, the cross-section of the U-shaped steel plates is U-shaped, and the opening surface of the U-shaped steel plates is covered with a reinforced concrete slab, and the surroundings of the reinforced concrete slab There are reserved steel bars on the side, the reserved steel bars are hook-shaped, and the reserved steel bars are interlocked between two adjacent reinforced concrete slabs; the transverse wet joints are formed between the two adjacent reinforced concrete slabs along the direction of the beam bridge. There is a vertical wet joint between two adjacent reinforced concrete slabs on the left and right, concrete is poured in the horizontal wet joint and the longitudinal wet joint, and an asphalt layer is laid on the surface of the reinforced concrete slab.
作为进一步的优选方案，所述U形钢板的边缘位置焊接有焊钉连接件，焊钉连接件位于U形钢板混凝土湿接缝内。As a further preferred solution, the edges of the U-shaped steel plates are welded with stud connectors, and the stud connectors are located in the U-shaped steel plate concrete wet joints.
作为进一步的优选方案，在纵向设置的两个U形钢板之间安装有用于连接固定的连接钢板，U形钢板的侧面和底部均设置有连接钢板。As a further preferred solution, a connecting steel plate for connecting and fixing is installed between two U-shaped steel plates arranged vertically, and the side and bottom of the U-shaped steel plates are both provided with connecting steel plates.
作为进一步的优选方案，相扣的两个预留钢筋之间设置有贯穿钢筋。As a further preferred solution, a penetrating steel bar is arranged between the two interlocked reserved steel bars.
作为进一步的优选方案，所述横向湿接缝贴有止水胶带。As a further preferred solution, the transverse wet joints are pasted with waterproof tapes.
作为进一步的优选方案，所述梁桥两侧布置有护栏和路灯。As a further preferred solution, guardrails and street lamps are arranged on both sides of the girder bridge.
作为进一步的优选方案，所述梁桥两侧的U形钢板边缘设置有预埋件，预埋件的上部焊接有护栏立柱和路灯，所述护栏安装在护栏立柱上。As a further preferred solution, the edges of the U-shaped steel plates on both sides of the beam bridge are provided with embedded parts, the upper part of the embedded parts is welded with guardrail columns and street lamps, and the guardrails are installed on the guardrail columns.
一种公路冷弯U形组合梁桥的施工方法，包括以下步骤：A construction method for a highway cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：用临时墩和贝雷梁架起支架结构；Step 1: Set up the support structure with temporary piers and Bailey beams;
步骤二：在工厂预制U形钢板的同时，在造桥现场分段浇筑钢筋混凝土板，并在侧边预留钢筋和预埋件；Step 2: While prefabricating U-shaped steel plates in the factory, pour reinforced concrete slabs in sections at the bridge construction site, and reserve steel bars and embedded parts on the sides;
步骤三：在工厂将焊钉连接件焊接在U形钢板，并将U形钢板运至现场，精确对位架设；Step 3: Weld the stud connectors to the U-shaped steel plate in the factory, and transport the U-shaped steel plate to the site for precise alignment and erection;
步骤四：将连接钢板用螺栓固定在两个U形钢板对接位置，形成钢梁节段；Step 4: Fix the connecting steel plate to the joint position of two U-shaped steel plates with bolts to form a steel beam segment;
步骤五：分块将钢筋混凝土板放置在U形钢板上，在钢筋混凝土板与U形钢板连接处以及两个U形钢板交接处放置止水胶带；Step 5: Place the reinforced concrete slab on the U-shaped steel plate in blocks, and place waterproof tape at the joint between the reinforced concrete slab and the U-shaped steel plate and at the junction of the two U-shaped steel plates;
步骤六：在两块钢筋混凝土板的预留钢筋搭接处穿纵向或横向钢筋，纵向湿接缝和横向湿接缝用混凝土填满，形成混凝土桥面板；Step 6: Insert longitudinal or transverse steel bars at the overlapping joints of the reserved steel bars of the two reinforced concrete slabs, and fill the longitudinal wet joints and transverse wet joints with concrete to form a concrete bridge deck;
步骤七：待横向湿接缝和纵向湿接缝达到设计强度后，在桥面板铺设沥青面层；Step 7: After the transverse wet joints and longitudinal wet joints reach the design strength, lay the asphalt surface on the bridge deck;
步骤八：待沥青面层达到设计强度，将斗栱灯柱和护栏立柱分别与预埋件焊接；Step 8: After the asphalt surface layer reaches the design strength, weld the Dougong lamp post and guardrail post to the embedded parts respectively;
步骤九：将护栏穿进护栏立柱上。Step 9: Put the guardrail into the guardrail post.
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种公路冷弯U形组合梁桥及其施工方法，可充分利用钢材较强的抗拉性能及混凝土的抗压性能。U形钢板冷弯成型无需焊接，避免出现焊接质量问题及焊接残余应力。相比于混凝土空心板梁，本发明可减少混凝土开裂病害；相比于纯钢梁，本发明显著改善钢板的疲劳性能。冷弯U形组合梁的抗弯承载力是同等跨径空心板梁桥的3倍，由于U形钢板组合梁中性轴在混凝土板下方且靠近混凝土板，混凝土处于全受压状态，不产生混凝土受拉开裂病害；钢梁处于受拉区，不易产生钢梁的疲劳损伤。护栏中的钢筋用竹材包裹起来，避免钢筋直接暴露在空气中，减缓了钢筋的锈蚀，且竹材易于维修替换，经济性能好。利用冷弯U形钢板替代模板，优化施工工艺，缩短施工工期，节省建造成本；利用混凝土分块预制，分段安装的特点，能够减小徐变收缩效应影响。Compared with the prior art, the road cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge and its construction method of the present invention can make full use of the strong tensile performance of steel and the compressive performance of concrete. The U-shaped steel plate is cold-formed without welding, which avoids welding quality problems and welding residual stress. Compared with concrete hollow slab beams, the invention can reduce concrete cracking diseases; compared with pure steel beams, the invention can significantly improve the fatigue performance of steel plates. The flexural bearing capacity of the cold-formed U-shaped composite beam is three times that of the hollow slab girder bridge with the same span. Since the neutral axis of the U-shaped steel composite beam is below and close to the concrete slab, the concrete is in a state of full compression and no Concrete tension cracking disease; steel beams are in the tension zone, and fatigue damage of steel beams is not easy to occur. The steel bars in the guardrail are wrapped with bamboo to prevent the steel bars from being directly exposed to the air, slowing down the corrosion of the steel bars, and the bamboo is easy to repair and replace, and has good economic performance. The cold-formed U-shaped steel plate is used to replace the formwork, the construction process is optimized, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is saved; the characteristics of concrete prefabrication in blocks and segmental installation can be used to reduce the impact of creep shrinkage.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是梁桥的立面图；Fig. 1 is the elevation view of beam bridge;
图2是梁桥的横向截面图；Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the girder bridge;
图3是两个U形钢板的连接示意图；Fig. 3 is a connection schematic diagram of two U-shaped steel plates;
图4是本发明的内部结构图；Fig. 4 is the internal structure figure of the present invention;
图5是U形钢板的截面图；Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a U-shaped steel plate;
图6是预埋件示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the embedded part;
图7是护栏立柱顶部示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the top of the guardrail column;
图8是斗栱灯柱顶部示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the top of the Dougong lamp post;
图9是护栏示意图；Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of guardrail;
图10是钢筋混凝土板分布图；Figure 10 is a distribution diagram of reinforced concrete slabs;
其中，1-U形钢板，2-焊钉连接件，3-纵向湿接缝，4-连接钢板，5-护栏立柱，6-预埋件，7-倒宝塔护栏立柱顶部，8-斗栱灯柱，9-护栏，10-横向湿接缝，11-钢筋混凝土板，12-预留钢筋，13-沥青层。Among them, 1-U-shaped steel plate, 2-welding stud connector, 3-longitudinal wet joint, 4-connecting steel plate, 5-guardrail column, 6-embedded parts, 7-inverted pagoda guardrail column top, 8-Dougong Lamp post, 9- guardrail, 10- horizontal wet joint, 11- reinforced concrete slab, 12- reserved steel bar, 13- asphalt layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的优选技术方案。The preferred technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
如图所示，本发明的一种冷弯U形组合梁桥，根据分析得知，所述的冷弯U形组合梁桥跨径在10m到20m范围内，相比同等跨径空心板梁的钢材用量降低约30%-50%，吊装质量降低约50%-70%；所述纵向湿接缝3和横向湿接缝10与U形钢板1之间用焊钉连接件连接，增强钢混界面的连接性能。U形钢板组合梁桥的抗弯承载力是同等跨径空心板梁的3倍；As shown in the figure, a cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge of the present invention, according to analysis, the span of the cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge is within the range of 10m to 20m, compared with the same span hollow plate girder The amount of steel used is reduced by about 30%-50%, and the hoisting quality is reduced by about 50%-70%; the longitudinal wet joint 3 and the transverse wet joint 10 are connected with the U-shaped steel plate 1 by welding nail connectors, and the reinforced steel The connection performance of the mixed interface. The flexural bearing capacity of the U-shaped steel plate composite girder bridge is three times that of the hollow plate girder with the same span;
所述斗栱灯柱8采用氧化钢板，顶部构造为斗拱结构；所述横栏9内部放置钢筋，外部采用竹材，将竹子截成等长，沿直径剖开，得到的半圆形竹片利用麻绳包裹预先做好的横栏钢筋上，共同受力防止行人及车辆掉落；所述护栏立柱采用钢筋混凝土结构，立柱顶部采用倒宝塔形7。The Dougong lamp post 8 is made of oxidized steel plate, and the top structure is a bucket arch structure; the inside of the horizontal bar 9 is placed with steel bars, and the outside is made of bamboo, which is cut into equal lengths and cut along the diameter to obtain semicircular bamboo pieces. The hemp rope is wrapped on the prefabricated horizontal rail steel bars to prevent pedestrians and vehicles from falling; the guardrail column adopts a reinforced concrete structure, and the top of the column adopts an inverted pagoda shape 7 .
纵向湿接缝3和横向湿接缝10内设置有焊钉连接件2，所述焊钉连接件2焊接在U形钢板1上。The longitudinal wet joint 3 and the transverse wet joint 10 are provided with welding nail connectors 2 , and the welding nail connectors 2 are welded on the U-shaped steel plate 1 .
沥青层13上沿纵桥向端部为灯柱8，所述灯柱8顶部为斗拱结构；所述沥青层13上沿横桥向两端为栏杆，所述护栏立柱5顶部为倒宝塔型7，横栏9外部为竹材，内部为钢筋。The end of the asphalt layer 13 along the longitudinal bridge is a lamppost 8, and the top of the lamppost 8 is a bucket arch structure; the two ends of the asphalt layer 13 along the horizontal bridge are railings, and the top of the guardrail column 5 is an inverted pagoda. 7, the outside of the horizontal bar 9 is bamboo, and the inside is a steel bar.
纵向湿接缝3和横向湿接缝10处的U肋上放置预制好的钢筋混凝土板11；所述钢筋混凝土板11预留钢筋12以及预埋件6；所述预留钢筋12搭接处穿纵向或横向钢筋，相扣的两个预留钢筋12之间设置有贯穿钢筋，起到销栓作用。The prefabricated reinforced concrete slab 11 is placed on the U rib at the longitudinal wet joint 3 and the transverse wet joint 10; the reinforced concrete slab 11 reserves reinforcement bars 12 and embedded parts 6; the reserved reinforcement bars 12 overlap Longitudinal or transverse steel bars are passed through, and a penetrating steel bar is arranged between the two interlocked reserved steel bars 12 to play the role of a pin.
一种公路冷弯U形组合梁桥及其制作方法，包括：A road cold-formed U-shaped composite girder bridge and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising:
A.砌筑桥台；A. Masonry abutment;
B.焊接钢架笼填充浆砌片石；B. The welded steel frame cage is filled with mortar rubble;
C.搭建支架：施工通道采用临时墩和贝雷梁作为支架下部结构，其它采用脚手架钢管；对支架进行预压（自重和施工荷载的110%）消除地基沉降及支架非弹性变形；测出支架竖向弹性变形，立模时应计入支架竖向弹性变形和结构自重弹性变形的影响；安放盆式橡胶支座，架设U形钢板1；C. Build the support: the construction passage adopts temporary piers and Bailey beams as the substructure of the support, and the others use scaffolding steel pipes; preload the support (110% of its own weight and construction load) to eliminate foundation settlement and inelastic deformation of the support; measure the support For vertical elastic deformation, the influence of the vertical elastic deformation of the support and the elastic deformation of the structure's own weight should be taken into account when the formwork is erected; the basin-type rubber bearing is placed, and the U-shaped steel plate 1 is erected;
D.吊装U形钢板1，精确对位架设；D. Hoist the U-shaped steel plate 1 and erect it accurately;
E.用高强螺栓使连接钢板4和U形钢板1连接，包括U形钢板1侧面和底部的连接；E. Use high-strength bolts to connect the connecting steel plate 4 and the U-shaped steel plate 1, including the connection between the side and the bottom of the U-shaped steel plate 1;
F.清除钢梁上翼缘和连接件的锈蚀、污垢，保持表面清洁；F. Remove the rust and dirt on the upper flange and connecting parts of the steel beam, and keep the surface clean;
G.将钢筋混凝土板11定位放置在U肋上，并在预留钢筋12搭接处穿纵向或横向钢筋，在钢筋混凝土板11与U形钢板1连接处以及两个U形钢板1交接处放置止水胶带，在纵向湿接缝3和横向湿接缝10处浇筑C50混凝土；G. Position the reinforced concrete slab 11 on the U rib, and pass longitudinal or transverse reinforcement at the overlap of the reserved steel bars 12, at the junction of the reinforced concrete slab 11 and the U-shaped steel plate 1 and at the junction of two U-shaped steel plates 1 Place the waterproof tape and pour C50 concrete at the longitudinal wet joint 3 and the transverse wet joint 10;
H.覆盖土工布养护28d；拆除模板，拆除支架，进行表面处理；设置伸缩缝，浇筑桥头搭板；H. Cover geotextile maintenance for 28 days; remove the formwork, remove the support, and perform surface treatment; set expansion joints and pour bridge head slabs;
I.浇筑沥青层13,待沥青层13达到设计强度后，将立柱槽钢与预埋件6焊接，安装护栏9和灯柱8；1. Pouring the asphalt layer 13, after the asphalt layer 13 reaches the design strength, the column channel steel is welded with the embedded part 6, and the guardrail 9 and the lamp post 8 are installed;
J.护栏立柱5、护栏9、灯柱8防锈漆涂装；J. Guardrail column 5, guardrail 9, lamppost 8 anti-rust paint coating;
K.成桥。K. into the bridge.
具体分为以下几个步骤：Specifically divided into the following steps:
U形钢板1定位架设：架设主桥组合梁支架施工通道采用临时墩和贝雷梁作为支架下部结构，其他采用脚手架钢管；对支架进行预压消除地基沉降及支架非弹性变形；测出支架竖向变形立模时计入支座竖向弹性变形和结构自重弹性变形的影响。吊装U形钢板1，并进行对位架设。U-shaped steel plate 1 positioning erection: erecting the construction channel of the composite beam support of the main bridge, temporary piers and Bailey beams are used as the substructure of the support, and scaffolding steel pipes are used for others; the support is preloaded to eliminate foundation settlement and non-elastic deformation of the support; the vertical support is measured The influence of the vertical elastic deformation of the support and the elastic deformation of the structure's own weight is taken into account when the mold is erected toward the deformation. Hoist the U-shaped steel plate 1 and perform alignment erection.
螺栓连接：用高强度摩擦性螺栓将连接钢板4与U形钢板1连接，包括U形钢板1侧面和底面的连接。Bolt connection: connect the connecting steel plate 4 and the U-shaped steel plate 1 with high-strength frictional bolts, including the connection between the side and the bottom of the U-shaped steel plate 1 .
浇筑：将钢筋混凝土板11放置在U肋上，并在预留钢筋12搭接处穿纵向或横向钢筋，在钢筋混凝土板11与U型钢板1连接处以及两个U形钢板1交接处放置止水胶带，然后在纵向湿接缝3和横向湿接缝10处浇筑混凝土，由于选用的是自密实轻质高强混凝土，无需振捣，养护28天之后拆模。Pouring: place the reinforced concrete slab 11 on the U rib, and pass through the longitudinal or transverse reinforcement at the overlap of the reserved steel bar 12, and place it at the joint between the reinforced concrete slab 11 and the U-shaped steel plate 1 and the junction of two U-shaped steel plates 1 Waterproof tape, and then pour concrete at the longitudinal wet joint 3 and the transverse wet joint 10. Since the self-compacting lightweight high-strength concrete is selected, no vibration is required, and the formwork will be removed after 28 days of curing.
焊接：将护栏立柱5以及灯柱8焊接到预埋件6上，焊接采用角焊缝。Welding: Weld the guardrail column 5 and the lamp post 8 to the embedded part 6, and the welding adopts fillet welds.
护栏架设：将钢筋穿过护栏立柱5上面预留的孔洞，并固定好,将竹子制成等长，沿直径将其抛开，得到半圆形的竹片，做好防水处理，将两片竹片利用麻绳将其困扎到预先做好的横栏钢筋上。Guardrail erection: pass the steel bars through the holes reserved above the guardrail column 5 and fix them, make the bamboo into equal lengths, throw it away along the diameter to get semicircular bamboo pieces, do waterproof treatment, and put the two pieces together The bamboo slices are tied to the pre-made horizontal bar reinforcement with hemp rope.
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910302113.XACN110106772B (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Road cold-bending U-shaped combined beam bridge and construction method thereof |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910302113.XACN110106772B (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Road cold-bending U-shaped combined beam bridge and construction method thereof |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110106772Atrue CN110106772A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110106772B CN110106772B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910302113.XAActiveCN110106772B (en) | 2019-04-16 | 2019-04-16 | Road cold-bending U-shaped combined beam bridge and construction method thereof |
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