技术领域technical field
本发明涉及智能测试领域，尤其涉及一种基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统。The invention relates to the field of intelligent testing, in particular to a medical anesthesia monitoring system based on a sensor network.
背景技术Background technique
据临床统计，大约只有60%的病人能够享受到完全优质的麻醉服务，约14%的患者被过度麻醉，16%的患者麻醉过浅，10%的患者处于时浅时深。According to clinical statistics, only about 60% of patients can enjoy completely high-quality anesthesia services, about 14% of patients are over anesthetized, 16% of patients are under anesthesia, and 10% of patients are in shallow and deep anesthesia.
麻醉过浅，病人可能对手术有记忆甚至感到疼痛，严重的还会引起精神或睡眠障碍，术中可能引发的“恐怖回忆”成为术后生活的又一痛苦；而麻醉过深，可能造成神经后遗症，术后长时间可能有不适感，甚至危及生命。If the anesthesia is too shallow, the patient may have memories of the operation or even feel pain. In severe cases, it may cause mental or sleep disorders. The "horrible memory" that may be triggered during the operation will become another pain in the postoperative life; while the anesthesia is too deep, it may cause nerve damage. The sequelae may be uncomfortable and even life-threatening for a long time after the operation.
镇静麻醉过深，药物过量会引起呼吸变慢，至呼吸停止，大脑缺氧，大脑长期缺氧，引起病人心脏停止，造成病人死亡。麻醉过浅，引起术中知晓，病人可能对手术有记忆甚至感到疼痛，严重的还会引起精神或睡眠障碍，术中可能引发的“恐怖回忆”成为术后生活的又一痛苦；术中知晓也即在全麻下手术过程中发生意识的恢复。在这种状况下，患者可存在意识，可听见周围环境的声音，但是无法控制肢体的任何运动，包括例如睁眼、咳嗽。有报道其发生率为0.1-0.2%。按照这个比例来算，美国每年有两千万人接受全麻手术，将有两万至四万人发生术中知晓。这个数目足以引起公众和媒体的关注。国内也有类似关于术中知晓的调查及分析，颅内肿瘤手术知晓率为1%，非心脏非脑科手术知晓率2%，心脏手术知晓率高达6%。The sedation and anesthesia are too deep, and the overdose of the drug will cause the breathing to slow down until the breathing stops, and the brain will be hypoxic. Anesthesia is too shallow, causing intraoperative awareness. The patient may have memories of the operation or even feel pain. In severe cases, it may cause mental or sleep disorders. The "horror memory" that may be triggered during the operation becomes another pain in postoperative life; intraoperative awareness That is, recovery of consciousness occurs during surgery under general anesthesia. In this condition, the patient may be conscious and can hear the sounds of the surrounding environment, but cannot control any movement of the limbs, including, for example, opening the eyes, coughing. It has been reported that its incidence is 0.1-0.2%. According to this ratio, 20 million people in the United States receive general anesthesia every year, and 20,000 to 40,000 people will have intraoperative awareness. This number is enough to attract public and media attention. There are similar surveys and analysis on intraoperative awareness in China. The awareness rate of intracranial tumor surgery is 1%, the awareness rate of non-cardiac non-brain surgery is 2%, and the awareness rate of cardiac surgery is as high as 6%.
术中知晓的不良影响：术中知晓可以给因手术而实施麻醉的患者带来近期乃至长期的不良影响。包括：噩梦，失眠，恐惧，幻觉重现，创伤性精神紧张性障碍，有的患者甚至被诊断为精神分裂症，有些可能发展为创伤后精神紊乱综合征，且持续时间比较长，需要给与药物治疗或心理疏导。Adverse effects of intraoperative awareness: Intraoperative awareness can have short- and long-term adverse effects on patients undergoing anesthesia for surgery. Including: nightmares, insomnia, fear, reappearance of hallucinations, traumatic stress disorder, some patients are even diagnosed with schizophrenia, and some may develop post-traumatic psychosis syndrome, which lasts for a long time and needs to be given Medication or psychological counseling.
为了降低麻醉用药过浅或过深的发生率，就需要监测麻醉深度。全身麻醉深度监测主要目的是：确定麻醉深度，探测中枢神经系统的状态；同时避免术中知晓，避免病人术后有记忆，同时减小麻醉药物用量，缩短复苏过程，提高麻醉安全，必须进行麻醉深度的监测，目前通过脑电监测指数来监测麻醉深度是最广泛采用方式。In order to reduce the incidence of too shallow or too deep anesthesia, it is necessary to monitor the depth of anesthesia. The main purpose of general anesthesia depth monitoring is to: determine the depth of anesthesia and detect the state of the central nervous system; at the same time, avoid intraoperative awareness and postoperative memory, reduce the amount of anesthesia drugs, shorten the resuscitation process, and improve anesthesia safety. Anesthesia must be performed. Depth monitoring, currently monitoring the depth of anesthesia through EEG monitoring index is the most widely used method.
但是现有技术中的麻醉监测装置的监测项目较为固定，不能根据手术需要更换监测项目，而且，通过脑电监测指数来监测麻醉深度，由于电脑体积较大，且不便于携带，因此，不便于医护人员实时查看麻醉过程中患者的身体参数，再者，患者在麻醉后的体温信息是麻醉监测的重要参数，但是，现有的麻醉监测装置对温度监测的精度不高，不能使医护人员准确知晓麻醉过程中患者的体温信息。However, the monitoring items of the anesthesia monitoring device in the prior art are relatively fixed, and the monitoring items cannot be changed according to the needs of the operation. Moreover, monitoring the depth of anesthesia through the EEG monitoring index is inconvenient due to the large size of the computer and the inconvenience of portability. Medical staff can check the patient's physical parameters in real time during the anesthesia process. Furthermore, the patient's body temperature information after anesthesia is an important parameter for anesthesia monitoring. However, the existing anesthesia monitoring device does not have high accuracy in temperature monitoring, which cannot make the medical staff accurate. Know the patient's temperature information during anesthesia.
对此，亟需提供一种基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统。In this regard, there is an urgent need to provide a medical anesthesia monitoring system based on a sensor network.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
因此，为了克服上述问题，本发明提供一种基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统，利用中央处理装置、脉搏传感器接口、血压传感器接口、温度传感器接口、心率血氧传感器接口、呼吸监测传感器接口、显示屏、启动键、把手、存储器、麻醉监测系统电源接口、脉搏传感器、血压传感器、温度传感器、心率血氧传感器、呼吸监测传感器、信号处理电路对患者进行麻醉前后的身体参数进行测试，该系统不仅能够提供精确的温度测试，而且采用传感器接口与传感器连接的方式，能够方便医护人员根据需要及时更换不同的监测传感器，最后，该系统集成度高，便于携带，克服了现有技术中使用电脑监测麻醉过程中患者身体参数的不足之处。Therefore, in order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a medical anesthesia monitoring system based on a sensor network, using a central processing device, a pulse sensor interface, a blood pressure sensor interface, a temperature sensor interface, a heart rate blood oxygen sensor interface, a respiratory monitoring sensor interface, Display screen, start button, handle, memory, power interface of anesthesia monitoring system, pulse sensor, blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate blood oxygen sensor, respiration monitoring sensor, signal processing circuit to test the physical parameters of patients before and after anesthesia, the system It can not only provide accurate temperature test, but also use the sensor interface and sensor connection method, which can facilitate medical staff to replace different monitoring sensors in time as needed. Finally, the system is highly integrated and easy to carry, which overcomes the use of computers in the existing technology Monitoring of deficiencies in patient physical parameters during anesthesia.
本发明提供的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统包括中央处理装置、脉搏传感器接口、血压传感器接口、温度传感器接口、心率血氧传感器接口、呼吸监测传感器接口、显示屏、启动键、把手、存储器、麻醉监测系统电源接口、脉搏传感器、血压传感器、温度传感器、心率血氧传感器、呼吸监测传感器、信号处理电路。The sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system provided by the present invention includes a central processing device, a pulse sensor interface, a blood pressure sensor interface, a temperature sensor interface, a heart rate blood oxygen sensor interface, a respiratory monitoring sensor interface, a display screen, a start button, a handle, and a memory. , Anesthesia monitoring system power interface, pulse sensor, blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate and blood oxygen sensor, respiration monitoring sensor, signal processing circuit.
其中，中央处理装置、存储器以及信号处理电路设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体内，脉搏传感器接口、血压传感器接口、温度传感器接口、心率血氧传感器接口以及呼吸监测传感器接口设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体上部，显示屏设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体中部，启动键设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体左部，把手设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体右部，麻醉监测系统电源接口设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体的左侧。The central processing device, the memory and the signal processing circuit are arranged in the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, and the pulse sensor interface, the blood pressure sensor interface, the temperature sensor interface, the heart rate blood oxygen sensor interface and the respiration monitoring sensor interface are arranged on the basis of the sensor network. The upper part of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, the display screen is arranged in the middle of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, the start button is arranged on the left part of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, and the handle is arranged on the In the right part of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, the power interface of the anesthesia monitoring system is arranged on the left side of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network.
其中，脉搏传感器通过脉搏传感器接口与中央处理装置的输入端连接，血压传感器通过血压传感器接口与中央处理装置的输入端连接，温度传感器的通过温度传感器接口与信号处理电路连接，信号处理电路对接收到的温度传感器采集的温度信号进行信号处理后传输至中央处理装置，心率血氧传感器通过心率血氧传感器接口与中央处理装置的输入端连接，呼吸监测传感器通过呼吸监测传感器接口与中央处理装置的输入端连接，显示屏的输入端和存储器的输入端均与中央处理装置的输出端连接，启动键的输出端和麻醉监测系统电源接口的输出端均与中央处理装置的输入端连接。The pulse sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device through the pulse sensor interface, the blood pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device through the blood pressure sensor interface, and the temperature sensor is connected to the signal processing circuit through the temperature sensor interface. The temperature signal collected by the received temperature sensor is processed and transmitted to the central processing device. The heart rate and blood oxygen sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device through the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface, and the respiration monitoring sensor is connected to the central processing device through the respiration monitoring sensor interface. The input end is connected, the input end of the display screen and the input end of the memory are connected with the output end of the central processing device, the output end of the start key and the output end of the power interface of the anesthesia monitoring system are both connected with the input end of the central processing device.
其中，脉搏传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者脉搏信号，血压传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者血压信号，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，心率血氧传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者心率血氧信号，呼吸监测传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者呼吸频率信号；显示屏用于显示中央处理装置接收到的脉搏信号、血压信号、温度信号、心率血氧信号以及呼吸频率信号，存储器用于存储中央处理装置接收到的脉搏信号、血压信号、温度信号、心率血氧信号以及呼吸频率信号，麻醉监测系统电源接口连接电源以为基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统提供电力支持，医护人员通过启动键开启基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统进行工作。Among them, the pulse sensor is used to collect the patient's pulse signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, the blood pressure sensor is used to collect the patient's blood pressure signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the patient during the anesthesia process. The temperature signal, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor are used to collect the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and the respiration monitoring sensor is used to collect the patient's breathing frequency signal during the anesthesia process of the patient; the display screen is used to display the central processing The pulse signal, blood pressure signal, temperature signal, heart rate blood oxygen signal and respiratory rate signal received by the device, the memory is used to store the pulse signal, blood pressure signal, temperature signal, heart rate blood oxygen signal and respiratory rate signal received by the central processing device, The power interface of the anesthesia monitoring system is connected to the power supply to provide power support for the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network.
优选的是，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，温度传感器的通过温度传感器接口与信号处理电路连接，信号处理电路对接收到的温度传感器采集的温度信号依次进行信号放大和信号滤波处理后传输至中央处理装置。Preferably, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature signal of the patient during the anesthesia process of the patient, the temperature sensor is connected to the signal processing circuit through the temperature sensor interface, and the signal processing circuit sequentially signals the temperature signals collected by the received temperature sensor. After amplification and signal filtering, it is transmitted to the central processing unit.
优选的是，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，将采集的温度信号转换为电流信号I0，并将电流信号I0传输至信号处理电路，V1为经过信号处理电路处理后的电压信号，信号处理电路包括信号放大单元和信号滤波单元，温度传感器的输出端与信号放大单元的输入端连接，信号放大单元的输出端与信号滤波单元的输入端连接，信号滤波单元的输出端与中央处理装置的输入端连接。Preferably, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature signal of the patient during anesthesia for the patient, convert the collected temperature signal into a current signal I0, and transmit the current signal I0 to the signal processing circuit, where V1 is processed by the signal processing circuit The signal processing circuit includes a signal amplifying unit and a signal filtering unit, the output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the signal amplifying unit, the output end of the signal amplifying unit is connected with the input end of the signal filtering unit, and the output end of the signal filtering unit is connected to the input end of the signal filtering unit. The output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the central processing device.
优选的是，信号放大单元包括集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13。Preferably, the signal amplifying unit includes integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, capacitors C1-C6, triode VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistors R1-R13.
其中，温度传感器的输出端与电阻R1的一端连接，电阻R1的另一端与集成运放A1的反相输入端连接，集成运放A1的同相输入端接地，电阻R1的另一端还与电容C1的一端连接，电阻R1的另一端还与二极管D1的阳极连接，电阻R1的另一端还与电阻R8的一端连接，电容C1的另一端与集成运放A1的输出端连接，二极管D1的阴极也与集成运放A1的输出端连接，电容C1的另一端还与电阻R2的一端连接，电容C2的一端接地，电阻R2的另一端与电容C2的另一端连接，电容C2的另一端还与集成运放A2的同相输入端连接，电阻R8的另一端与三极管VT1的发射极连接，三极管VT1的基极与三极管VT1的集电极连接，电阻R3的一端接地，电阻R3的另一端与二极管D2的阳极连接，电阻R3的另一端还与电阻R4的一端连接，电阻R3的另一端还与集成运放A2的反相输入端连接，电阻R4的另一端与集成运放A2的输出端连接，二极管D2的阴极也与集成运放A2的输出端连接，电容C6的一端接地，电容C6的另一端与三极管VT1的集电极连接，电阻R5的一端与集成运放A2的输出端连接，电容C5的一端接地，电容C5的另一端与电阻R5的另一端连接，电阻R5的另一端还与集成运放A3的同相输入端连接，电阻R6的一端接地，电阻R6的一端与二极管D3的阳极连接，电阻R6的另一端还与电阻R7的一端连接，电阻R6的另一端还与集成运放A3的反相输入端连接，电阻R7的另一端与集成运放A3的输出端连接，二极管D3的阴极也与集成运放A3的输出端连接，电阻R9的一端与集成运放A3的输出端连接，电阻R9的另一端与电容C6的另一端连接，电容C3的一端与电阻R9的一端连接，滑动变阻器R10的一端接地，滑动变阻器R10的另一端与电容C3的另一端连接，滑动变阻器R10的触头端与集成运放A4的同相输入端连接，电阻R12的一端接地，电阻R12的另一端与电阻R11的一端连接，电阻R11的另一端与集成运放A4的输出端连接，电阻R12的另一端还与集成运放A4的反相输入端连接，电容C4的一端与集成运放A4的输出端连接，电阻R13的一端接地，电容C4的另一端与电阻R13的另一端连接，电容C4的另一端还与信号滤波单元的输入端连接。Among them, the output end of the temperature sensor is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A1 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R1 is also connected to the capacitor C1 One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the other end of the resistor R1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is also connected It is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is also connected to the integrated The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the emitter of the transistor VT1, the base of the transistor VT1 is connected to the collector of the transistor VT1, one end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the diode D2. The anode is connected, the other end of the resistor R3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, and the diode The cathode of D2 is also connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, one end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the collector of the transistor VT1, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2. One end is grounded, the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to the other end of resistor R5, the other end of resistor R5 is also connected to the non-inverting input end of integrated operational amplifier A3, one end of resistor R6 is grounded, and one end of resistor R6 is connected to the anode of diode D3, The other end of the resistor R6 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R6 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, and the cathode of the diode D3 It is also connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6, and one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the resistor R9. One end of the varistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the sliding varistor R10 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3, the contact end of the sliding varistor R10 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, one end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the One end of the resistor R11 is connected, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, the other end of the resistor R12 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, and one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the output of the integrated operational amplifier A4 One end of the resistor R13 is connected to the ground, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is also connected to the input end of the signal filtering unit.
优选的是，信号滤波单元包括电阻R14、电容C7-C10以及电感L1-L2。Preferably, the signal filtering unit includes a resistor R14, capacitors C7-C10 and inductors L1-L2.
其中，信号放大单元的输出端与电感L1的一端连接，电阻R14的一端接地，电阻R14的另一端与电感L1的一端连接，电阻R14的一端还与电感L2的一端连接，电感L2的另一端与电容C7的一端连接、电感L1的另一端与电容C7的另一端连接，电容C7的一端与电容C8的一端连接，电容C7的另一端与电容C8的另一端连接，电容C8的一端与电容C10的一端连接，电容C10的另一端与电容C9的一端连接，电容C9的另一端与电感L1的另一端连接，电容C10的一端与电容C9的另一端共地，电容C9的另一端还与中央处理装置连接，电容C9的另一端将经过滤波后的电压信号V1传输至中央处理装置。The output end of the signal amplifying unit is connected to one end of the inductor L1, one end of the resistor R14 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the inductor L1, one end of the resistor R14 is also connected to one end of the inductor L2, and the other end of the inductor L2 It is connected to one end of capacitor C7, the other end of inductor L1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C7, one end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of capacitor C8, the other end of capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8, and one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8. One end of capacitor C10 is connected to one end of capacitor C10, the other end of capacitor C10 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, one end of capacitor C10 shares the ground with the other end of capacitor C9, and the other end of capacitor C9 is also connected to the other end of capacitor C9. The central processing device is connected, and the other end of the capacitor C9 transmits the filtered voltage signal V1 to the central processing device.
优选的是，基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统还包括若干传感器接口，若干传感器接口为基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的扩展接口，若干传感器接口用于根据医护人员需求增设监测传感器。Preferably, the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system further includes several sensor interfaces, the several sensor interfaces are extension interfaces of the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system, and the several sensor interfaces are used to add monitoring sensors according to the needs of medical staff.
优选的是，存储器还包括一外部数据读取接口，医护人员能够通过外部数据读取接口读取存储于存储器内的数据。Preferably, the memory further includes an external data reading interface, and the medical staff can read the data stored in the memory through the external data reading interface.
优选的是，脉搏传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者脉搏信号，并记为X1，血压传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者血压信号，并记为X2，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者温度信号，并记为X3，心率血氧传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者心率血氧信号，并记为X4，呼吸监测传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者呼吸频率信号，并记为X5；脉搏传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者脉搏信号，并记为Y1，血压传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者血压信号，并记为Y2，温度传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，并记为Y3，心率血氧传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者心率血氧信号，并记为Y4，呼吸监测传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者呼吸频率信号，并记为Y5，中央处理装置将接收到的信号进行分析，具体分析过程如下：Preferably, the pulse sensor is used to collect the patient's pulse signal before the anesthesia process is performed on the patient, and is denoted as X1, the blood pressure sensor is used to collect the patient's blood pressure signal before the anesthesia process is performed on the patient, and it is denoted as X2, and the temperature sensor It is used to collect the patient's temperature signal before the anesthesia process, and denoted as X3. The heart rate and blood oxygen sensor is used to collect the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen signal before the anesthesia process of the patient, and denoted as X4. The respiration monitoring sensor is used for It is used to collect the patient's breathing frequency signal before the anesthesia process, and record it as X5; the pulse sensor is also used to collect the patient's pulse signal during the anesthesia process, and record it as Y1, and the blood pressure sensor is also used to collect The blood pressure signal of the patient during anesthesia is recorded as Y2. The temperature sensor is also used to collect the temperature signal of the patient during the anesthesia process, and recorded as Y3. The heart rate and blood oxygen signal of the patient during anesthesia is recorded as Y4, and the respiration monitoring sensor is also used to collect the patient's breathing frequency signal during the anesthesia process, and recorded as Y5, and the central processing device will receive the signal. The specific analysis process is as follows:
、、、、，其中，A1为脉搏变化率、A2为血压变化率、A3为温度变化率、A4为心率血氧变化率、A5为呼吸频率变化率。 , , , , , where A1 is the pulse change rate, A2 is the blood pressure change rate, A3 is the temperature change rate, A4 is the heart rate blood oxygen change rate, and A5 is the respiratory rate change rate.
优选的是，中央处理装置中存储有脉搏变化率阈值、血压变化率阈值、温度变化率阈值、心率血氧变化率阈值、呼吸频率变化率阈值，中央处理装置将计算得到的脉搏变化率A1与脉搏变化率阈值进行比较，若脉搏变化率A1大于脉搏变化率阈值，则中央处理装置向显示屏传输脉搏预警信号，中央处理装置将计算得到的血压变化率A2与血压变化率阈值进行比较，若血压变化率A2大于血压变化率阈值，则中央处理装置向显示屏传输血压预警信号，中央处理装置将计算得到的温度变化率A3与温度变化率阈值进行比较，若温度变化率A3大于温度变化率阈值，则中央处理装置向显示屏传输温度预警信号，中央处理装置将计算得到的心率血氧变化率A4与心率血氧变化率阈值进行比较，若心率血氧变化率A4大于心率血氧变化率阈值，则中央处理装置向显示屏传输心率血氧预警信号，中央处理装置将计算得到的呼吸频率变化率A5与呼吸频率变化率阈值进行比较，若呼吸频率变化率A5大于呼吸频率变化率阈值，则中央处理装置向显示屏传输呼吸频率预警信号。Preferably, the pulse change rate threshold, blood pressure change rate threshold, temperature change rate threshold, heart rate and blood oxygen change rate threshold, and respiratory rate change rate threshold are stored in the central processing device, and the central processing device compares the calculated pulse change rate A1 with the The pulse change rate threshold is compared. If the pulse change rate A1 is greater than the pulse change rate threshold, the central processing device transmits a pulse warning signal to the display screen, and the central processing device compares the calculated blood pressure change rate A2 with the blood pressure change rate threshold. If the blood pressure change rate A2 is greater than the blood pressure change rate threshold, the central processing device transmits a blood pressure warning signal to the display screen, and the central processing device compares the calculated temperature change rate A3 with the temperature change rate threshold. If the temperature change rate A3 is greater than the temperature change rate threshold, the central processing device transmits a temperature warning signal to the display screen, and the central processing device compares the calculated heart rate and blood oxygen change rate A4 with the heart rate blood oxygen change rate threshold, if the heart rate blood oxygen change rate A4 is greater than the heart rate blood oxygen change rate Threshold, the central processing device transmits the heart rate and blood oxygen warning signal to the display screen, and the central processing device compares the calculated respiratory rate change rate A5 with the respiratory rate change rate threshold, if the respiratory rate change rate A5 is greater than the respiratory rate change rate threshold, Then the central processing device transmits a respiratory rate warning signal to the display screen.
优选的是，中央处理装置为8位微处理器Atmega128，显示屏为LCD显示单元，LCD显示单元采用3.3V电压供电，以便于与微处理器Atmega128的I/O口电平匹配，LCD显示单元与微处理器Atmega128的接口采用串行接口进行通信。Preferably, the central processing device is an 8-bit microprocessor Atmega128, the display screen is an LCD display unit, and the LCD display unit is powered by a 3.3V voltage, so as to match the level of the I/O port of the microprocessor Atmega128, and the LCD display unit The interface with microprocessor Atmega128 adopts serial interface to communicate.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1）本发明提供一种基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统，利用中央处理装置、脉搏传感器接口、血压传感器接口、温度传感器接口、心率血氧传感器接口、呼吸监测传感器接口、显示屏、启动键、把手、存储器、麻醉监测系统电源接口、脉搏传感器、血压传感器、温度传感器、心率血氧传感器、呼吸监测传感器、信号处理电路对患者进行麻醉前后的身体参数进行测试，该系统不仅能够提供精确的温度测试，而且采用传感器接口与传感器连接的方式，能够方便医护人员根据需要及时更换不同的监测传感器，最后，该系统集成度高，便于携带，克服了现有技术中使用电脑监测麻醉过程中患者身体参数的不足之处。(1) The present invention provides a medical anesthesia monitoring system based on a sensor network, which utilizes a central processing device, a pulse sensor interface, a blood pressure sensor interface, a temperature sensor interface, a heart rate blood oxygen sensor interface, a respiratory monitoring sensor interface, a display screen, a startup Keys, handles, memory, power interface of anesthesia monitoring system, pulse sensor, blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate and blood oxygen sensor, respiration monitoring sensor, signal processing circuit test the physical parameters of patients before and after anesthesia, the system can not only provide accurate In addition, the method of connecting the sensor interface and the sensor can facilitate medical staff to replace different monitoring sensors in time according to their needs. Finally, the system has high integration and is easy to carry, which overcomes the problem of using a computer to monitor the process of anesthesia in the prior art. Deficiencies in patient physical parameters.
（2）本发明提供的一种基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统，本发明的发明点还在于由于温度传感器采集的信号为微弱的电流信号，因而信号放大单元通过集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13对温度传感器输出的信号进行放大处理，由集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13构成的信号放大单元只有0.3μV/℃的漂移、2μV以内的偏移、100pA偏置电流和0.1Hz到10Hz宽带内3.8nV的噪声。其中，信号滤波单元使用电阻R14、电容C7-C10以及电感L1-L2对经过放大后的电压信号进行低通滤波处理，从而提高了温度检测的精度。(2) The present invention provides a medical anesthesia monitoring system based on a sensor network. The invention of the present invention is that since the signal collected by the temperature sensor is a weak current signal, the signal amplifying unit passes through the integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, Capacitors C1-C6, transistors VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistors R1-R13 amplify the signal output by the temperature sensor, and the integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, capacitors C1-C6, transistor VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistor R1 The signal amplifying unit composed of -R13 has only 0.3μV/°C drift, offset within 2μV, 100pA bias current and 3.8nV noise within 0.1Hz to 10Hz wideband. The signal filtering unit uses resistor R14, capacitors C7-C10 and inductors L1-L2 to perform low-pass filtering on the amplified voltage signal, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature detection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on sensor network of the present invention;
图2为本发明的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的后视图；Fig. 2 is the rear view of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on sensor network of the present invention;
图3为本发明的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的左视图；Fig. 3 is the left side view of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on sensor network of the present invention;
图4为本发明的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的立体图；4 is a perspective view of a sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system of the present invention;
图5为本发明的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的功能图；5 is a functional diagram of the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system of the present invention;
图6为本发明的信号处理电路的电路图。6 is a circuit diagram of a signal processing circuit of the present invention.
附图标记：Reference number:
1-中央处理装置；2-脉搏传感器接口；3-血压传感器接口；4-温度传感器接口；5-心率血氧传感器接口；6-呼吸监测传感器接口；7-显示屏；8-启动键；9-把手；10-存储器；11-麻醉监测系统电源接口。1-Central processing unit; 2-Pulse sensor interface; 3-Blood pressure sensor interface; 4-Temperature sensor interface; 5-Heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface; 6-Respiration monitoring sensor interface; 7-Display screen; - handle; 10 - memory; 11 - power interface for anesthesia monitoring system.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明提供的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统进行详细说明。The sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1-5所示，本发明提供的基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统包括中央处理装置1、脉搏传感器接口2、血压传感器接口3、温度传感器接口4、心率血氧传感器接口5、呼吸监测传感器接口6、显示屏7、启动键8、把手9、存储器10、麻醉监测系统电源接口11、脉搏传感器、血压传感器、温度传感器、心率血氧传感器、呼吸监测传感器、信号处理电路。As shown in Figures 1-5, the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system provided by the present invention includes a central processing device 1, a pulse sensor interface 2, a blood pressure sensor interface 3, a temperature sensor interface 4, a heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface 5, and a respiration sensor interface. Monitoring sensor interface 6, display screen 7, start button 8, handle 9, memory 10, anesthesia monitoring system power interface 11, pulse sensor, blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, heart rate blood oxygen sensor, respiration monitoring sensor, signal processing circuit.
其中，中央处理装置1、存储器10以及信号处理电路设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体内，脉搏传感器接口2、血压传感器接口3、温度传感器接口4、心率血氧传感器接口5以及呼吸监测传感器接口6设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体上部，显示屏7设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体中部，启动键8设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体左部，把手9设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体右部，麻醉监测系统电源接口11设置于基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统壳体的左侧。Among them, the central processing device 1, the memory 10 and the signal processing circuit are arranged in the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network. The pulse sensor interface 2, the blood pressure sensor interface 3, the temperature sensor interface 4, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface 5 and the breathing The monitoring sensor interface 6 is arranged on the upper part of the casing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, the display screen 7 is arranged in the middle of the casing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, and the start button 8 is arranged on the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network. On the left part of the system housing, the handle 9 is arranged on the right part of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network, and the power interface 11 of the anesthesia monitoring system is arranged on the left side of the housing of the medical anesthesia monitoring system based on the sensor network.
其中，脉搏传感器通过脉搏传感器接口2与中央处理装置1的输入端连接，血压传感器通过血压传感器接口3与中央处理装置1的输入端连接，温度传感器的通过温度传感器接口4与信号处理电路连接，信号处理电路对接收到的温度传感器采集的温度信号进行信号处理后传输至中央处理装置1，心率血氧传感器通过心率血氧传感器接口5与中央处理装置1的输入端连接，呼吸监测传感器通过呼吸监测传感器接口6与中央处理装置1的输入端连接，显示屏7的输入端和存储器10的输入端均与中央处理装置1的输出端连接，启动键8的输出端和麻醉监测系统电源接口11的输出端均与中央处理装置1的输入端连接。The pulse sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device 1 through the pulse sensor interface 2, the blood pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device 1 through the blood pressure sensor interface 3, and the temperature sensor is connected to the signal processing circuit through the temperature sensor interface 4. The signal processing circuit performs signal processing on the temperature signal collected by the received temperature sensor and transmits it to the central processing device 1. The heart rate and blood oxygen sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device 1 through the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface 5, and the respiration monitoring sensor is connected to the input end of the central processing device 1 through the respiration monitoring sensor. The monitoring sensor interface 6 is connected to the input end of the central processing device 1, the input end of the display screen 7 and the input end of the memory 10 are both connected to the output end of the central processing device 1, the output end of the start key 8 and the power interface 11 of the anesthesia monitoring system The output terminals are connected with the input terminal of the central processing device 1 .
其中，脉搏传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者脉搏信号，血压传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者血压信号，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，心率血氧传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者心率血氧信号，呼吸监测传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者呼吸频率信号；显示屏7用于显示中央处理装置接收到的脉搏信号、血压信号、温度信号、心率血氧信号以及呼吸频率信号，存储器10用于存储中央处理装置接收到的脉搏信号、血压信号、温度信号、心率血氧信号以及呼吸频率信号，麻醉监测系统电源接口11连接电源以为基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统提供电力支持，医护人员通过启动键8开启基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统进行工作。Among them, the pulse sensor is used to collect the patient's pulse signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, the blood pressure sensor is used to collect the patient's blood pressure signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the patient during the anesthesia process. The temperature signal, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor are used to collect the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and the respiration monitoring sensor is used to collect the patient's breathing frequency signal during the anesthesia process of the patient; the display screen 7 is used to display the central The pulse signal, blood pressure signal, temperature signal, heart rate blood oxygen signal and respiratory rate signal received by the processing device are processed, and the memory 10 is used to store the pulse signal, blood pressure signal, temperature signal, heart rate blood oxygen signal and respiratory rate received by the central processing device. Signal, the anesthesia monitoring system power interface 11 is connected to the power supply to provide power support for the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system, and the medical staff starts the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system through the start button 8 to work.
上述实施方式中，利用中央处理装置1、脉搏传感器接口2、血压传感器接口3、温度传感器接口4、心率血氧传感器接口5、呼吸监测传感器接口6、显示屏7、启动键8、把手9、存储器10、麻醉监测系统电源接口11、脉搏传感器、血压传感器、温度传感器、心率血氧传感器、呼吸监测传感器、信号处理电路对患者进行麻醉前后的身体参数进行测试，该系统不仅能够提供精确的温度测试，而且采用传感器接口与传感器连接的方式，能够方便医护人员根据需要及时更换不同的监测传感器，最后，该系统集成度高，便于携带，克服了现有技术中使用电脑监测麻醉过程中患者身体参数的不足之处。In the above embodiment, the central processing unit 1, the pulse sensor interface 2, the blood pressure sensor interface 3, the temperature sensor interface 4, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor interface 5, the respiration monitoring sensor interface 6, the display screen 7, the start button 8, the handle 9, The memory 10, the power interface 11 of the anesthesia monitoring system, the pulse sensor, the blood pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor, the respiration monitoring sensor, and the signal processing circuit test the physical parameters of the patient before and after anesthesia. The system can not only provide accurate temperature The test, and the method of connecting the sensor interface and the sensor, can facilitate medical staff to replace different monitoring sensors in time according to their needs. Finally, the system is highly integrated and easy to carry, which overcomes the use of computers in the prior art to monitor the patient's body during anesthesia. Inadequacy of parameters.
具体地，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，温度传感器的通过温度传感器接口4与信号处理电路连接，信号处理电路对接收到的温度传感器采集的温度信号依次进行信号放大和信号滤波处理后传输至中央处理装置1。Specifically, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature signal of the patient during anesthesia. The temperature sensor is connected to the signal processing circuit through the temperature sensor interface 4, and the signal processing circuit sequentially processes the temperature signals collected by the received temperature sensor. After amplification and signal filtering processing, it is transmitted to the central processing unit 1 .
如图6所示，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，将采集的温度信号转换为电流信号I0，并将电流信号I0传输至信号处理电路，V1为经过信号处理电路处理后的电压信号，信号处理电路包括信号放大单元和信号滤波单元，温度传感器的输出端与信号放大单元的输入端连接，信号放大单元的输出端与信号滤波单元的输入端连接，信号滤波单元的输出端与中央处理装置1的输入端连接。As shown in Figure 6, the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature signal of the patient during anesthesia, convert the collected temperature signal into a current signal I0, and transmit the current signal I0 to the signal processing circuit, V1 is the signal processed The voltage signal processed by the circuit, the signal processing circuit includes a signal amplifying unit and a signal filtering unit, the output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the signal amplifying unit, the output end of the signal amplifying unit is connected with the input end of the signal filtering unit, the signal filtering unit The output terminal of the unit is connected to the input terminal of the central processing device 1 .
具体地，信号放大单元包括集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13。Specifically, the signal amplification unit includes integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, capacitors C1-C6, triode VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistors R1-R13.
其中，温度传感器的输出端与电阻R1的一端连接，电阻R1的另一端与集成运放A1的反相输入端连接，集成运放A1的同相输入端接地，电阻R1的另一端还与电容C1的一端连接，电阻R1的另一端还与二极管D1的阳极连接，电阻R1的另一端还与电阻R8的一端连接，电容C1的另一端与集成运放A1的输出端连接，二极管D1的阴极也与集成运放A1的输出端连接，电容C1的另一端还与电阻R2的一端连接，电容C2的一端接地，电阻R2的另一端与电容C2的另一端连接，电容C2的另一端还与集成运放A2的同相输入端连接，电阻R8的另一端与三极管VT1的发射极连接，三极管VT1的基极与三极管VT1的集电极连接，电阻R3的一端接地，电阻R3的另一端与二极管D2的阳极连接，电阻R3的另一端还与电阻R4的一端连接，电阻R3的另一端还与集成运放A2的反相输入端连接，电阻R4的另一端与集成运放A2的输出端连接，二极管D2的阴极也与集成运放A2的输出端连接，电容C6的一端接地，电容C6的另一端与三极管VT1的集电极连接，电阻R5的一端与集成运放A2的输出端连接，电容C5的一端接地，电容C5的另一端与电阻R5的另一端连接，电阻R5的另一端还与集成运放A3的同相输入端连接，电阻R6的一端接地，电阻R6的一端与二极管D3的阳极连接，电阻R6的另一端还与电阻R7的一端连接，电阻R6的另一端还与集成运放A3的反相输入端连接，电阻R7的另一端与集成运放A3的输出端连接，二极管D3的阴极也与集成运放A3的输出端连接，电阻R9的一端与集成运放A3的输出端连接，电阻R9的另一端与电容C6的另一端连接，电容C3的一端与电阻R9的一端连接，滑动变阻器R10的一端接地，滑动变阻器R10的另一端与电容C3的另一端连接，滑动变阻器R10的触头端与集成运放A4的同相输入端连接，电阻R12的一端接地，电阻R12的另一端与电阻R11的一端连接，电阻R11的另一端与集成运放A4的输出端连接，电阻R12的另一端还与集成运放A4的反相输入端连接，电容C4的一端与集成运放A4的输出端连接，电阻R13的一端接地，电容C4的另一端与电阻R13的另一端连接，电容C4的另一端还与信号滤波单元的输入端连接。Among them, the output end of the temperature sensor is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A1 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R1 is also connected to the capacitor C1 One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the other end of the resistor R1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is also connected It is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is also connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is also connected to the integrated The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the emitter of the transistor VT1, the base of the transistor VT1 is connected to the collector of the transistor VT1, one end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the diode D2. The anode is connected, the other end of the resistor R3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, and the diode The cathode of D2 is also connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, one end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the collector of the transistor VT1, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2. One end is grounded, the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to the other end of resistor R5, the other end of resistor R5 is also connected to the non-inverting input end of integrated operational amplifier A3, one end of resistor R6 is grounded, and one end of resistor R6 is connected to the anode of diode D3, The other end of the resistor R6 is also connected to one end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R6 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, and the cathode of the diode D3 It is also connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A3, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6, and one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the resistor R9. One end of the varistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the sliding varistor R10 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3, the contact end of the sliding varistor R10 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, one end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the One end of the resistor R11 is connected, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, the other end of the resistor R12 is also connected to the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A4, and one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the output of the integrated operational amplifier A4 One end of the resistor R13 is connected to the ground, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is also connected to the input end of the signal filtering unit.
具体地，信号滤波单元包括电阻R14、电容C7-C10以及电感L1-L2。Specifically, the signal filtering unit includes a resistor R14, capacitors C7-C10 and inductors L1-L2.
其中，信号放大单元的输出端与电感L1的一端连接，电阻R14的一端接地，电阻R14的另一端与电感L1的一端连接，电阻R14的一端还与电感L2的一端连接，电感L2的另一端与电容C7的一端连接、电感L1的另一端与电容C7的另一端连接，电容C7的一端与电容C8的一端连接，电容C7的另一端与电容C8的另一端连接，电容C8的一端与电容C10的一端连接，电容C10的另一端与电容C9的一端连接，电容C9的另一端与电感L1的另一端连接，电容C10的一端与电容C9的另一端共地，电容C9的另一端还与中央处理装置1连接，电容C9的另一端将经过滤波后的电压信号V1传输至中央处理装置1。The output end of the signal amplifying unit is connected to one end of the inductor L1, one end of the resistor R14 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to one end of the inductor L1, one end of the resistor R14 is also connected to one end of the inductor L2, and the other end of the inductor L2 It is connected to one end of capacitor C7, the other end of inductor L1 is connected to the other end of capacitor C7, one end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of capacitor C8, the other end of capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8, and one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8. One end of capacitor C10 is connected to one end of capacitor C10, the other end of capacitor C10 is connected to one end of capacitor C9, the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, one end of capacitor C10 shares the ground with the other end of capacitor C9, and the other end of capacitor C9 is also connected to the other end of capacitor C9. The central processing device 1 is connected, and the other end of the capacitor C9 transmits the filtered voltage signal V1 to the central processing device 1 .
上述实施方式中，上述实施方式中，信号处理电路的噪声在3.8nV以内，漂移为0.3μV/℃，集成运放A1-A4均为1/2LT1462低漂移集成运放，由于集成运放A1的直流偏移与漂移并不会影响电路的整体偏移，从而使得电路有着极低的偏移和漂移。In the above embodiment, the noise of the signal processing circuit is within 3.8nV, the drift is 0.3μV/°C, and the integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4 are all 1/2 LT1462 low-drift integrated operational amplifiers. The DC offset and drift will not affect the overall offset of the circuit, so that the circuit has extremely low offset and drift.
在信号放大单元中，电阻R1的阻值为100Ω，电阻R2的阻值为24KΩ，电阻R3的阻值为100KΩ，电阻R4为阻值为10MΩ，电阻R5为阻值为24KΩ，电阻R6为阻值为100KΩ，电阻R7为阻值为10MKΩ，电阻R8为阻值为100KΩ，电阻R9为阻值为1MΩ，滑动变阻器R10为最大阻值为50KΩ的滑动变阻器，电阻R11为阻值为1MΩ，电阻R12为阻值为10KΩ，电阻R13为阻值为10KΩ，电容C1的电容值为1nF，电容C2的电容值为200pF，电容C3的电容值为0.47μF，电容C4的电容值为10μF，电容C5的电容值为200pF，电容C6的电容值为1μF，二极管D1-D3的型号均为1N4148，三极管VT1的型号为2N3904。In the signal amplification unit, the resistance value of resistor R1 is 100Ω, the resistance value of resistor R2 is 24KΩ, the resistance value of resistor R3 is 100KΩ, the resistance value of resistor R4 is 10MΩ, the resistance value of resistor R5 is 24KΩ, and the resistance value of resistor R6 is 24KΩ. The resistance value is 100KΩ, the resistance value of the resistance R7 is 10MKΩ, the resistance value of the resistance R8 is 100KΩ, the resistance value of the resistance R9 is 1MΩ, the sliding varistor R10 is the sliding varistor with the maximum resistance value of 50KΩ, the resistance value of the resistance R11 is 1MΩ, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat The resistance value of R12 is 10KΩ, the resistance value of resistor R13 is 10KΩ, the capacitance value of capacitor C1 is 1nF, the capacitance value of capacitor C2 is 200pF, the capacitance value of capacitor C3 is 0.47μF, the capacitance value of capacitor C4 is 10μF, and the capacitance value of capacitor C5 The capacitance value of 200pF, the capacitance value of capacitor C6 is 1μF, the models of diodes D1-D3 are 1N4148, and the model of transistor VT1 is 2N3904.
在信号滤波单元中，电阻R14的阻值为2KΩ，电容C7的电容值为0.047μF，电容C8的电容值为1μF，电容C9的电容值为0.5μF，电容C10的电容值为0.75μF，电感L1的电感量为20H，电感L2的电感量为20H。In the signal filtering unit, the resistance value of resistor R14 is 2KΩ, the capacitance value of capacitor C7 is 0.047μF, the capacitance value of capacitor C8 is 1μF, the capacitance value of capacitor C9 is 0.5μF, the capacitance value of capacitor C10 is 0.75μF, and the capacitance value of capacitor C10 is 0.75μF. The inductance of L1 is 20H, and the inductance of inductor L2 is 20H.
在信号放大单元中，在对集成运放的型号进行选择时，集成运放A1-A4的型号均为1/2LT1462，由于在此，温度传感器为高阻抗传感器，而LT1462/LT1463的低输入偏置电流最适合放大从高阻抗传感器而来的小信号，在如图6所示的信号放大单元中，500fA的输入偏置电流仅产生0.4fA/Hz0.5的电流噪声，具体地，一个1MΩ的输入阻抗将噪声电流转换成噪声电压，该电压只有0.4nV/Hz0.5，在此，温度传感器输出的为电流信号，信号放大单元中的集成运放A1的作用就是将温度传感器的电流信号转变为电压信号，集成运放A2为第一增益级，集成运放A3为第二增益级，集成运放A4为第三增益级，第二增益级的输出通过电容C3和滑动变阻器R10进行幅度控制，第三增益级将电阻R13上的信号进行放大。如图6所示，第一增益级、第二增益级以及第三增益级均是对数放大器，在信号放大单元中，电阻R8、电阻R9、电容C6和三极管VT1具有pA量级的灵敏度，当三极管VT1处于关断状态时，一个微弱的电流流过电阻R8，以保持集成运放A4的输出在合理的范围内，集成运放A4的输出的电压值和温度传感器输出的电流值是成正比的。In the signal amplifying unit, when selecting the model of the integrated op amp, the models of the integrated op amp A1-A4 are all 1/2LT1462, because here, the temperature sensor is a high-impedance sensor, and the low input bias of LT1462/LT1463 The setting current is most suitable for amplifying small signals from high-impedance sensors. In the signal amplification unit shown in Figure 6, an input bias current of 500fA only produces a current noise of 0.4fA/Hz0.5 . Specifically, a 1MΩ The input impedance converts the noise current into a noise voltage, which is only 0.4nV/Hz0.5 . Here, the output of the temperature sensor is a current signal. The function of the integrated operational amplifier A1 in the signal amplification unit is to convert the current signal of the temperature sensor into Voltage signal, integrated operational amplifier A2 is the first gain stage, integrated operational amplifier A3 is the second gain stage, integrated operational amplifier A4 is the third gain stage, and the output of the second gain stage is amplitude controlled through capacitor C3 and sliding rheostat R10, The third gain stage amplifies the signal on resistor R13. As shown in Figure 6, the first gain stage, the second gain stage and the third gain stage are all logarithmic amplifiers. In the signal amplification unit, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the capacitor C6 and the transistor VT1 have a sensitivity of the order of pA, When the transistor VT1 is in the off state, a weak current flows through the resistor R8 to keep the output of the integrated operational amplifier A4 within a reasonable range. The output voltage value of the integrated operational amplifier A4 and the output current value of the temperature sensor are consistent proportional.
在信号滤波单元中，其中，电阻R14起到的作用为抑制浪涌，电感L1-L2和电容C7起到的作用为滤除信号中的串模噪声，电容C8起到的作用为也为滤除信号中的串模噪声，电容C9-C10起到的作用同样是滤除信号中的串模噪声；信号滤波单元为低通滤波器，对在20kHz-30kHz频率范围内的噪声抑制大于60dB。In the signal filtering unit, the function of the resistor R14 is to suppress the surge, the function of the inductors L1-L2 and the capacitor C7 is to filter out the series mode noise in the signal, and the function of the capacitor C8 is to also filter the signal. In addition to the series-mode noise in the signal, the capacitors C9-C10 also play the role of filtering out the series-mode noise in the signal; the signal filtering unit is a low-pass filter, and the noise suppression in the frequency range of 20kHz-30kHz is greater than 60dB.
由于温度传感器采集的信号为微弱的电流信号，因而信号放大单元通过集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13对温度传感器输出的信号进行放大处理，由集成运放A1-A4、电容C1-C6、三极管VT1、二极管D1-D3和电阻R1-R13构成的信号放大单元只有0.3μV/℃的漂移、2μV以内的偏移、100pA偏置电流和0.1Hz到10Hz宽带内3.8nV的噪声。其中，信号滤波单元使用电阻R14、电容C7-C10以及电感L1-L2对经过放大后的电压信号进行低通滤波处理，从而提高了温度检测的精度。Since the signal collected by the temperature sensor is a weak current signal, the signal amplification unit amplifies the signal output by the temperature sensor through integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, capacitors C1-C6, transistor VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistors R1-R13 , the signal amplification unit composed of integrated operational amplifiers A1-A4, capacitors C1-C6, transistor VT1, diodes D1-D3 and resistors R1-R13 has only a drift of 0.3μV/℃, an offset within 2μV, a bias current of 100pA and 3.8nV of noise over a 0.1Hz to 10Hz broadband. The signal filtering unit uses resistor R14, capacitors C7-C10 and inductors L1-L2 to perform low-pass filtering on the amplified voltage signal, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature detection.
具体地，基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统还包括若干传感器接口，若干传感器接口为基于传感网络的医用麻醉监测系统的扩展接口，若干传感器接口用于根据医护人员需求增设监测传感器。Specifically, the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system further includes several sensor interfaces, which are extension interfaces of the sensor network-based medical anesthesia monitoring system, and the several sensor interfaces are used to add monitoring sensors according to the needs of medical staff.
具体地，存储器10还包括一外部数据读取接口，医护人员能够通过外部数据读取接口读取存储于存储器10内的数据。Specifically, the memory 10 further includes an external data reading interface, and the medical staff can read the data stored in the memory 10 through the external data reading interface.
具体地，脉搏传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者脉搏信号，并记为X1，血压传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者血压信号，并记为X2，温度传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者温度信号，并记为X3，心率血氧传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者心率血氧信号，并记为X4，呼吸监测传感器用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程前的患者呼吸频率信号，并记为X5；脉搏传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者脉搏信号，并记为Y1，血压传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者血压信号，并记为Y2，温度传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者温度信号，并记为Y3，心率血氧传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者心率血氧信号，并记为Y4，呼吸监测传感器还用于采集在对患者进行麻醉过程中的患者呼吸频率信号，并记为Y5，中央处理装置1将接收到的信号进行分析，具体分析过程如下：Specifically, the pulse sensor is used to collect the patient's pulse signal before the anesthesia process, and denoted as X1, the blood pressure sensor is used to collect the patient's blood pressure signal before the anesthesia process of the patient, and denoted as X2, and the temperature sensor is used for It is used to collect the patient's temperature signal before the anesthesia process, and record it as X3, the heart rate and blood oxygen sensor is used to collect the patient's heart rate and blood oxygen signal before the anesthesia process, and record it as X4, and the respiration monitoring sensor is used for Collect the patient's breathing frequency signal before the anesthesia process of the patient, and record it as X5; the pulse sensor is also used to collect the patient's pulse signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and record it as Y1, and the blood pressure sensor is also used. The patient's blood pressure signal during anesthesia is recorded as Y2. The temperature sensor is also used to collect the patient's temperature signal during the anesthesia process, and recorded as Y3. The heart rate and blood oxygen signal of the patient during anesthesia is recorded as Y4, and the respiration monitoring sensor is also used to collect the patient's breathing frequency signal during the anesthesia process of the patient, and recorded as Y5, and the central processing device 1 will receive the signal. The specific analysis process is as follows:
、、、、，其中，A1为脉搏变化率、A2为血压变化率、A3为温度变化率、A4为心率血氧变化率、A5为呼吸频率变化率。 , , , , , where A1 is the pulse change rate, A2 is the blood pressure change rate, A3 is the temperature change rate, A4 is the heart rate blood oxygen change rate, and A5 is the respiratory rate change rate.
具体地，中央处理装置1中存储有脉搏变化率阈值、血压变化率阈值、温度变化率阈值、心率血氧变化率阈值、呼吸频率变化率阈值，中央处理装置1将计算得到的脉搏变化率A1与脉搏变化率阈值进行比较，若脉搏变化率A1大于脉搏变化率阈值，则中央处理装置1向显示屏7传输脉搏预警信号，中央处理装置1将计算得到的血压变化率A2与血压变化率阈值进行比较，若血压变化率A2大于血压变化率阈值，则中央处理装置1向显示屏7传输血压预警信号，中央处理装置1将计算得到的温度变化率A3与温度变化率阈值进行比较，若温度变化率A3大于温度变化率阈值，则中央处理装置1向显示屏7传输温度预警信号，中央处理装置1将计算得到的心率血氧变化率A4与心率血氧变化率阈值进行比较，若心率血氧变化率A4大于心率血氧变化率阈值，则中央处理装置1向显示屏7传输心率血氧预警信号，中央处理装置1将计算得到的呼吸频率变化率A5与呼吸频率变化率阈值进行比较，若呼吸频率变化率A5大于呼吸频率变化率阈值，则中央处理装置1向显示屏7传输呼吸频率预警信号。Specifically, the central processing device 1 stores the pulse change rate threshold, the blood pressure change rate threshold, the temperature change rate threshold, the heart rate blood oxygen change rate threshold, and the respiratory rate change rate threshold, and the central processing device 1 will calculate the calculated pulse rate change A1 Compare with the pulse change rate threshold, if the pulse change rate A1 is greater than the pulse change rate threshold, the central processing device 1 transmits a pulse warning signal to the display screen 7, and the central processing device 1 compares the calculated blood pressure change rate A2 with the blood pressure change rate threshold For comparison, if the blood pressure change rate A2 is greater than the blood pressure change rate threshold, the central processing device 1 transmits a blood pressure warning signal to the display screen 7, and the central processing device 1 compares the calculated temperature change rate A3 with the temperature change rate threshold. The change rate A3 is greater than the temperature change rate threshold, the central processing device 1 transmits a temperature warning signal to the display screen 7, and the central processing device 1 compares the calculated heart rate and blood oxygen change rate A4 with the heart rate blood oxygen change rate threshold. If the oxygen change rate A4 is greater than the heart rate and blood oxygen change rate threshold, the central processing device 1 transmits a heart rate and blood oxygen warning signal to the display screen 7, and the central processing device 1 compares the calculated respiratory rate change rate A5 with the respiratory rate change rate threshold. If the respiratory rate change rate A5 is greater than the respiratory rate change rate threshold, the central processing device 1 transmits a respiratory rate warning signal to the display screen 7 .
具体地，考虑到成本和处理性能的要求，中央处理装置1选用低功耗8位微处理器Atmega128，该芯片硬件资源丰富，具有低功耗、功能多、价格便宜和性能强大等优点，Atmega128自身带有128K字节Flash存储器，同时带有4K字节的EEPROM存储器，各个传感器采集的数据直接存放在EEPROM存储器中，Atmega128内部的ADC端口具有8个通道，每通道的分辨率为10bit，输入电压范围为0~5V，能够满足监测数据巡回采集的需要，同时也无需另加AD转换器件，简化了外围电路设计，降低了成本。Specifically, considering the requirements of cost and processing performance, the central processing device 1 selects the low-power 8-bit microprocessor Atmega128, which is rich in hardware resources and has the advantages of low power consumption, multiple functions, low price and powerful performance. Atmega128 It has 128K bytes of Flash memory and 4K bytes of EEPROM memory. The data collected by each sensor is directly stored in the EEPROM memory. The ADC port inside the Atmega128 has 8 channels, and the resolution of each channel is 10bit. The voltage range is 0~5V, which can meet the needs of monitoring data collection, and at the same time, there is no need to add AD conversion devices, which simplifies the peripheral circuit design and reduces the cost.
具体地，显示器10为LCD显示单元，其中，LCD显示单元为20pinLCD1286HZ。Specifically, the display 10 is an LCD display unit, wherein the LCD display unit is a 20pin LCD1286HZ.
上述实施方式中，LCD显示单元采用3.3V电压供电，以便于与微处理器Atmega128的I/O口电平匹配，LCD显示单元与微处理器Atmega128的接口采用串行接口进行通信。In the above embodiment, the LCD display unit is powered by 3.3V, so as to match the level of the I/O port of the microprocessor Atmega128, and the interface between the LCD display unit and the microprocessor Atmega128 uses a serial interface for communication.
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention will not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the present invention. within the scope of the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910328976.4ACN110051334A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of Medical anesthetic monitoring system based on sensing network |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910328976.4ACN110051334A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of Medical anesthetic monitoring system based on sensing network |
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| CN110051334Atrue CN110051334A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910328976.4APendingCN110051334A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of Medical anesthetic monitoring system based on sensing network |
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