技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及海上遇险营救领域，尤其涉及一种针对海上遇险人员的便携定位装置。The invention relates to the field of maritime distress rescue, and in particular to a portable positioning device for persons in distress at sea.
背景技术Background technique
救援方案：“黄金72小时”是地质灾害发生后的黄金救援时间，在这个时间段内，灾民的存活率高。而海上环境复杂，海上救援的黄金时间是一个相对概念，是指这个时间段内遇险人员的存活率高。海难发生后，遇险人员可能会有不同的伤情，不同的伤情的黄金救援时间不同，比如骨折、胆结石等伤病，如果不危及生命，黄金救援时间为6小时，而出现大出血、昏迷等伤病，黄金救援时间为3小时。所以，掌握海上遇险人员的生理状态信息是至关重要的。如果海上人员遇险后能将当前的地理位置信息以及心率信息传递至岸上救助协调中心，救助协调中心派遣救援船以及救援飞机前去救援时，就能根据已有的人员位置及心率信息分析遇险人员的伤情，合理分配救援资源，使所有遇险人员得到高速有效的救助。目前针对海上遇险人员救援的系统主要是在船基布设报警装置，遇险时不能对所有人员进行定位，不能掌握遇险人员生理状态信息，不能根据遇险人员的不同伤情合理分派救援资源，可能最终会错过黄金救援时间，造成不可挽回的生命代价。当发生海难时，救援设备到达海难发生地后进行人员搜救的难度也很大，特别是海难发生在晚上或者极端天气下，更是加大了搜索遇险人员的难度，如果能通过雷达扫描的方式准确快速地找到每位遇险人员，无疑是大大增加了救援的成功率。Rescue plan: The "golden 72 hours" is the golden rescue time after a geological disaster. During this time period, the survival rate of disaster victims is high. The maritime environment is complex, and the golden time for maritime rescue is a relative concept, which refers to the high survival rate of people in distress during this time period. After a shipwreck occurs, people in distress may have different injuries, and the golden rescue time is different for different injuries, such as fractures, gallstones and other injuries. If it is not life-threatening, the golden rescue time is 6 hours. If there is heavy bleeding or coma, Waiting for injuries, the golden rescue time is 3 hours. Therefore, it is crucial to grasp the physiological status information of people in distress at sea. If people at sea can transmit their current geographical location information and heart rate information to the shore rescue coordination center after they are in distress, when the rescue coordination center dispatches rescue ships and rescue aircraft to rescue, they can analyze the people in distress based on the existing personnel location and heart rate information. According to the severity of the injury, rescue resources should be allocated rationally so that all persons in distress can be rescued quickly and effectively. The current system for rescuing persons in distress at sea mainly installs alarm devices on the ship base. It cannot locate all persons in distress, cannot grasp the physiological status information of persons in distress, and cannot reasonably allocate rescue resources according to the different injuries of persons in distress. This may eventually lead to Missing the golden rescue time will cause irreparable life costs. When a shipwreck occurs, it is also very difficult for rescue equipment to search and rescue people after arriving at the place where the shipwreck occurred. Especially when the shipwreck occurs at night or in extreme weather, it becomes even more difficult to search for people in distress. If radar scanning can be used Finding each person in distress accurately and quickly will undoubtedly greatly increase the success rate of rescue.
发明内容Contents of the invention
根据现有技术存在的问题，本发明公开了一种针对海上遇险人员的便携定位装置，具体包括：According to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a portable positioning device for persons in distress at sea, which specifically includes:
用于监测遇险人员的生理状态信息的传感器单元，所述传感器单元至少包括光电传感器和光敏接收器，工作状态下所述光电传感器发出光汇聚在遇险人员皮肤上，经过血液对特定波段光的吸收后所述光敏接收器采集吸收后的反射光信号并将光信号转换为电信号；A sensor unit used to monitor the physiological status information of persons in distress. The sensor unit at least includes a photoelectric sensor and a photosensitive receiver. In the working state, the photoelectric sensor emits light and converges on the skin of the person in distress. The blood absorbs light in a specific waveband. The photosensitive receiver collects the absorbed reflected light signal and converts the light signal into an electrical signal;
用于检测水压信息的水压传感器，当所述水压传感器检测到水压大于设定阈值则触发报警信号并输出；A water pressure sensor used to detect water pressure information. When the water pressure sensor detects that the water pressure is greater than a set threshold, an alarm signal is triggered and output;
用于对遇险人员进行地理定位的北斗卫星定位模块；Beidou satellite positioning module used to geolocate people in distress;
接收所述光电传感器、光敏接收器、水压传感器和北斗卫星定位模块传送的数据信息的主控模块，所述主控模块对遇险人员的当前的位置信息、生理状态信息及船只身份信息进行整合后传送至通信单元，所述通信单元与岸基指挥中心数据通信；The main control module receives the data information transmitted by the photoelectric sensor, photosensitive receiver, water pressure sensor and Beidou satellite positioning module. The main control module integrates the current location information, physiological status information and ship identity information of the person in distress. and then transmitted to the communication unit, which communicates data with the shore-based command center;
该系统还包括雷达应答器，当水压传感器将预警信号传送至主控模块时则主控模块控制雷达应答器整至接收状态使其等待接收救援船或救援飞机上的搜救雷达发出的搜索信号，当雷达应答器接收到搜索信号后向船舶或飞机回发应答信号。The system also includes a radar transponder. When the water pressure sensor transmits an early warning signal to the main control module, the main control module controls the radar transponder to the receiving state so that it waits to receive the search signal from the search and rescue radar on the rescue ship or rescue aircraft. , when the radar transponder receives the search signal, it sends back a response signal to the ship or aircraft.
该装置还包括存储器，所述存储器接收传感器单元传送的数据信息、并将预先设置的船员身份信息、船舶身份信息以及船员的心率信息实时存储。The device also includes a memory that receives the data information transmitted by the sensor unit and stores preset crew identity information, ship identity information and crew heart rate information in real time.
所述通信单元包括通信模块和北斗通信定位模块。The communication unit includes a communication module and a Beidou communication positioning module.
该装置设置救生衣或救生艇上。由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明提供的一种针对海上遇险人员的便携定位装置，本装置基于北斗定位模块和多个传感器对海上遇险人员的当前的位置信息、生理状态信息进行实时监测，本装置可以将遇险人员的生理状态信息和报警信息一起发送至岸上救助协调中心，为救援方案的制定提供关键信息。The device is installed on a lifejacket or lifeboat. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention provides a portable positioning device for persons in distress at sea. This device performs real-time monitoring of the current location information and physiological status information of persons in distress at sea based on the Beidou positioning module and multiple sensors. The device can send physiological status information and alarm information of persons in distress to the shore rescue coordination center, providing key information for the formulation of rescue plans.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments recorded in this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本发明装置的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;
图2为本装置装置的工作实施例示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a working embodiment of the device;
图3为本装置的工作流程图。Figure 3 is the working flow chart of this device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚完整的描述：In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
如图1所示的一种针对海上遇险人员的便携定位装置，包括电池101、北斗卫星定位模块102、水压传感器103、光电传感器104、光敏接收器105、存储器106、主控模块107和通信模块108、北斗通信定位模块109、雷达应答器110，所述北斗通信定位模块109与岸基指挥中心数据通信。As shown in Figure 1, a portable positioning device for people in distress at sea includes a battery 101, a Beidou satellite positioning module 102, a water pressure sensor 103, a photoelectric sensor 104, a photosensitive receiver 105, a memory 106, a main control module 107 and communications Module 108, Beidou communication and positioning module 109, and radar transponder 110. The Beidou communication and positioning module 109 communicates with the shore-based command center.
所述光电传感器104与光敏接收器105通过光电透射测量法测量人员的心率指标。具体的原理是由于血液对特定波长的光有吸收作用，每次心脏泵血时，该波长的光都会被大量吸收，光电传感器104中的发送器会发出一束光打在皮肤上，经过血液对特定波段的光的吸收，再经由光敏接收器105测量反射的光，然后将光信号转换成电信号，就可以确定心跳指数，最后将电信号发送到存储器106中进行存储；所述存储器106中包含预先设置的船员身份信息以及船舶身份信息，另外还有船员的心率信息。The photoelectric sensor 104 and the photosensitive receiver 105 measure the person's heart rate index through the photoelectric transmission measurement method. The specific principle is that blood absorbs light of a specific wavelength. Every time the heart pumps blood, a large amount of light of this wavelength will be absorbed. The transmitter in the photoelectric sensor 104 will emit a beam of light that hits the skin and passes through the blood. By absorbing light in a specific wavelength band, the reflected light is measured through the photosensitive receiver 105, and then the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal to determine the heartbeat index, and finally the electrical signal is sent to the memory 106 for storage; the memory 106 It contains preset crew identity information and ship identity information, as well as crew heart rate information.
所述北斗卫星定位模块102在水压传感器103触发报警后，获取当前的位置信息；所述水压传感器103在船员落水后会随船员落入水中，当船员下沉或者挣扎时，所述水压传感器103也会随之下沉并感知水压增大，就会触发报警；所述主控模块107在水压传感器103触发报警后，首先通过串口将存储器106以及北斗卫星定位模块102中的信息进行收集，然后通过其他串口发射至通信模块108以及北斗通信定位模块109内；通信模块108将主控模块107整合的信息向周围广播，寻找周围船只进行救助。The Beidou satellite positioning module 102 obtains the current position information after the water pressure sensor 103 triggers an alarm; the water pressure sensor 103 will fall into the water with the crew after the crew falls into the water. When the crew sinks or struggles, the water pressure sensor 103 will The pressure sensor 103 will also sink and sense the increase in water pressure, which will trigger an alarm; after the water pressure sensor 103 triggers the alarm, the main control module 107 first transfers the memory 106 and the Beidou satellite positioning module 102 through the serial port. The information is collected and then transmitted to the communication module 108 and Beidou communication positioning module 109 through other serial ports; the communication module 108 broadcasts the information integrated by the main control module 107 to the surroundings to find surrounding ships for rescue.
进一步的，所述雷达应答器110由主控模块107控制，当水压传感器103触发报警后，主控模块107就将雷达应答器110调整到接受状态。岸基指挥中心接收到报警后，派遣救援船或救援飞机前往遇难现场，救援船或救援飞机到达指定海域进行雷达搜救时，会发出雷达扫描脉冲，雷达应答器110已处在接收状态，当它接收到雷达扫描脉冲后，会发射应答信号，应答信号在搜救雷达荧光屏上能显示出救援船或救援飞机与遇险人员的距离及方位，引导救援船或救援飞机前来实施营救。Further, the radar transponder 110 is controlled by the main control module 107. When the water pressure sensor 103 triggers an alarm, the main control module 107 adjusts the radar transponder 110 to the accepting state. After receiving the alarm, the shore-based command center dispatches a rescue ship or rescue aircraft to the scene of the disaster. When the rescue ship or rescue aircraft arrives in the designated sea area for radar search and rescue, it will send out radar scanning pulses. The radar transponder 110 is already in the receiving state. When it After receiving the radar scanning pulse, a response signal will be emitted. The response signal can display the distance and orientation between the rescue ship or rescue aircraft and the person in distress on the search and rescue radar screen, and guide the rescue ship or rescue aircraft to come for rescue.
进一步地，所述基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置置于救生衣上，一旦发生海难，船上所有人员都配备救生衣，也就代表所有人员都能得到自己的位置及心率信息，能够向岸上发送报警信息；当救援设备前来救援时，即使是在黑夜或者恶劣天气下，也能通过雷达应答器引导救援设备快速定位自己。Furthermore, the portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring is placed on a lifejacket. In the event of a shipwreck, all personnel on board are equipped with lifejackets, which means that all personnel can obtain their own position and heart rate information, and can go to the shore. Send alarm information; when the rescue equipment comes to rescue, even in the dark night or in bad weather, the radar transponder can guide the rescue equipment to quickly locate itself.
进一步地，所述基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置落水后可以自动报警，如果船只遇到非落水险情，可以人工启动报警。Furthermore, the portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring can automatically alarm after falling into the water. If the ship encounters a dangerous situation other than falling into the water, the alarm can be manually activated.
进一步地，所述基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置内置可以监测人体生理状态信息的传感器，可以为救援方案的制定提供重要的信息，以达到合理分配救援资源，最大程度保证遇险人员存活率的目的。Furthermore, the portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring has a built-in sensor that can monitor human physiological status information, which can provide important information for the formulation of rescue plans to achieve a reasonable allocation of rescue resources and ensure the survival of people in distress to the greatest extent. rate purpose.
如图2所示，遇险报警及救援的系统包括，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置、搭载船载移动基站的遇险位置周围船只以及设置有卫星通信终端的岸上骨干网。船上人员遇到落水险情时，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置在水压超过一定阈值时自动触发报警，若遇到非落水险情可人工启动报警，北斗卫星定位模块102接收定位信号，主控模块107整合当前的位置信息、船员生理状态信息及船只身份信息形成报警信息，并将报警信息通过串口发送至通信模块108及北斗通信定位模块109，主控模块107还将雷达应答器110调整至接收状态；通信模块108向周围广播报警信号，寻找周围船只的同时北斗通信定位模块109通过卫星向岸上救助协调中心发送报警信号。若遇险位置周围有船只收到报警信号就赶去遇险位置并进一步向岸上救助系统发送报警信号，若岸上救助协调系统收到报警信号，就寻找遇险船周围是否有船只并依据报警信号中的位置信息及人员生理状态信息派遣救援船以及救援飞机前去遇险位置进行救助。当救援船或救援飞机到达相应海域时，雷达应答器会接收到救援船或救援飞机上的X波段导航雷达发出的搜救信号，然后，它会立刻发射给搜救雷达一个应答信号，将遇险人员的方位显示到搜救雷达的屏幕上，这样就能尽早确定遇险人员的位置，使得搜救时间大大减少，增大遇险人员的生存率。As shown in Figure 2, the distress alarm and rescue system includes a portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring, ships around the distress location equipped with ship-borne mobile base stations, and a shore backbone network equipped with satellite communication terminals. When people on board are in danger of falling into the water, the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring automatically triggers an alarm when the water pressure exceeds a certain threshold. If there is a danger of not falling into the water, the alarm can be manually activated, and the Beidou satellite positioning module 102 receives the positioning signal. The main control module 107 integrates the current position information, crew physiological status information and ship identity information to form alarm information, and sends the alarm information to the communication module 108 and Beidou communication positioning module 109 through the serial port. The main control module 107 also connects the radar transponder 110 Adjust to the receiving state; the communication module 108 broadcasts alarm signals to the surroundings, and while searching for surrounding ships, the Beidou communication and positioning module 109 sends alarm signals to the shore rescue coordination center through satellites. If there are ships around the distress location that receive the alarm signal, they will rush to the distress location and further send the alarm signal to the shore rescue system. If the shore rescue coordination system receives the alarm signal, it will look for whether there are ships around the distress ship and based on the position in the alarm signal. Information and personnel physiological status information will be used to dispatch rescue ships and rescue aircraft to the distress location for rescue. When the rescue ship or rescue aircraft arrives at the corresponding sea area, the radar transponder will receive the search and rescue signal from the X-band navigation radar on the rescue ship or rescue aircraft. Then, it will immediately transmit a response signal to the search and rescue radar to transmit the information of the person in distress. The orientation is displayed on the screen of the search and rescue radar, so that the location of the person in distress can be determined as early as possible, greatly reducing the search and rescue time and increasing the survival rate of the person in distress.
如图3所示，本发明的遇险报警具体程序为：As shown in Figure 3, the specific procedure of the distress alarm of the present invention is:
步骤①：遇险人员判断是否发生海难，如果没有发生就不必使用基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置及系统。Step ①: Persons in distress determine whether a maritime disaster has occurred. If not, there is no need to use portable marine emergency position indicating devices and systems based on human physiological monitoring.
步骤②：遇险人员判断已经发生海难时，要进一步判断发生的是否是落水险情。Step ②: When the person in distress determines that a shipwreck has occurred, he must further determine whether it is a danger of falling into the water.
步骤③：遇险人员判断当前海难为非落水险情时，人工启动基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置进行报警，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置首先会通过北斗卫星定位模块102获得位置信息，然后主控模块107整合人员的位置信息、生理状态信息及船只身份信息，并将这些信息通过串口发送至通信模块108及北斗通信定位模块109，主控模块107还将雷达应答器110调整至接收状态。一方面，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会通过通信模块108向周围广播报警信号，当周围有船只应答时，遇险人员可以与船只进行通信，得到进一步救助，船只将报警信号进一步传至岸上；得不到应答时，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会反复发报警信号，直到获得应答；另一方面，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会通过北斗通信定位模块109依靠卫星向岸上救助协调中心发送报警信号，救助协调中心对报警信号做出应答，并依据报警信号中的位置信息、人员生理状态等信息派遣救援船和救援飞机前去遇险位置实施营救。救援设备到达相应海域后通过搜救雷达发射扫描脉冲，雷达应答器110接收到搜救信号后它会立刻发射给搜救雷达一个应答信号，将遇险人员的方位显示到搜救雷达的屏幕上，以期尽快营救遇险人员。Step ③: When the person in distress determines that the current maritime disaster is not a danger of falling into the water, he manually activates the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring to alarm. The portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will first be obtained through the Beidou satellite positioning module 102 Location information, then the main control module 107 integrates the person's location information, physiological status information and ship identity information, and sends this information to the communication module 108 and Beidou communication positioning module 109 through the serial port. The main control module 107 also connects the radar transponder 110 Adjust to receive status. On the one hand, the portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring will broadcast an alarm signal to the surroundings through the communication module 108. When a ship responds around, the person in distress can communicate with the ship to receive further rescue, and the ship will further transmit the alarm signal. to the shore; when no response is received, the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will repeatedly send alarm signals until a response is obtained; on the other hand, the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will locate through Beidou communication Module 109 relies on satellites to send alarm signals to the shore rescue coordination center. The rescue coordination center responds to the alarm signals and dispatches rescue ships and rescue aircraft to the distress location based on the location information, physiological status of personnel and other information in the alarm signals to carry out rescue operations. After the rescue equipment reaches the corresponding sea area, it emits scanning pulses through the search and rescue radar. After the radar transponder 110 receives the search and rescue signal, it will immediately transmit a response signal to the search and rescue radar, and display the position of the person in distress on the search and rescue radar screen, in order to rescue the person in distress as soon as possible. personnel.
步骤④：遇险人员判断当前海难为落水险情时，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置中的水压传感器感知到水压超过一定阈值后会自动触发报警，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置首先会通过北斗卫星定位模块102获得位置信息，然后主控模块107整合人员的位置信息、生理状态信息及船只身份信息，并将这些信息通过串口发送至通信模块108及北斗通信定位模块109，主控模块107还将雷达应答器110调整至接收状态。一方面，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会通过通信模块108向周围广播报警信号，当周围有船只应答时，遇险人员可以与船只进行通信，得到进一步救助，船只进一步将报警信号传至岸上；得不到应答时，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会反复发报警信号，直到获得应答；另一方面，基于人体生理监测的便携式海上紧急示位装置会通过北斗通信定位模块109依靠卫星向岸上救助协调中心发送报警信号，岸上救助协调中心对报警信号做出应答，并依据报警信号中的位置信息、人员生理状态等信息派遣救援船和救援飞机前去遇险位置实施营救。救援设备到达相应海域后通过搜救雷达发射扫描脉冲，雷达应答器110接收到搜救信号后它会立刻发射给搜救雷达一个应答信号，将遇险人员的方位显示到搜救雷达的屏幕上，以期尽快营救遇险人员。Step ④: When the person in distress judges that the current shipwreck is a danger of falling into the water, the water pressure sensor in the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will automatically trigger an alarm when it senses that the water pressure exceeds a certain threshold. The portable marine emergency based on human physiological monitoring The position indicating device will first obtain position information through the Beidou satellite positioning module 102, and then the main control module 107 integrates the person's position information, physiological status information and ship identity information, and sends this information to the communication module 108 and the Beidou communication positioning module through the serial port 109. The main control module 107 also adjusts the radar transponder 110 to the receiving state. On the one hand, the portable marine emergency position indication device based on human physiological monitoring will broadcast an alarm signal to the surroundings through the communication module 108. When a ship responds around, the person in distress can communicate with the ship to receive further rescue, and the ship will further transmit the alarm signal. to the shore; when no response is received, the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will repeatedly send alarm signals until a response is obtained; on the other hand, the portable marine emergency position indicating device based on human physiological monitoring will locate through Beidou communication Module 109 relies on satellites to send alarm signals to the shore rescue coordination center. The shore rescue coordination center responds to the alarm signal and dispatches rescue ships and rescue aircraft to the distress location to carry out rescue operations based on the location information, personnel physiological status and other information in the alarm signal. . After the rescue equipment reaches the corresponding sea area, it emits scanning pulses through the search and rescue radar. After the radar transponder 110 receives the search and rescue signal, it will immediately transmit a response signal to the search and rescue radar, and display the position of the person in distress on the search and rescue radar screen, in order to rescue the person in distress as soon as possible. personnel.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, implement the technical solutions of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or changes of the inventive concept thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910340450.8ACN110045406B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Portable positioning device for maritime distress personnel |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910340450.8ACN110045406B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Portable positioning device for maritime distress personnel |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110045406A CN110045406A (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| CN110045406Btrue CN110045406B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| CN201910340450.8AExpired - Fee RelatedCN110045406B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Portable positioning device for maritime distress personnel |
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