A kind of knee joint dilatorTechnical field
The present invention relates to the field of medical instrument technology, especially a kind of knee joint dilator.
Background technique
Total knee arthroplasty (Total Knee Arthroplasty, TKA) has become advanced stage degeneration Bones and jointsOne of surgical intervention mode of the diseases such as inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis.
In existing technology, space distraction device is used for the inspection that struts of bone and bone junction, common space distractionDevice, which generally only has, struts function, is mostly fixed angle with bone contact site, is easy to produce gap, causes measurement inaccurate, is easyThere is slip phenomenon, affects procedure efficiency.
General dilator does not have measurement and struts range capability, or has the function of that measurement struts spacing but measurement result notIntuitively；The patent No. thus: CN201810241696.5 discloses " a kind of knee space dilator ", the technical solution of useAre as follows: including left clamp handle, middle clamp handle and right clamp handle, fluted, the middle clamp handle is arranged in the junction of the left clamp handle and right clamp handleIt is embedded in right clamp handle, right clamp handle is embedded in the groove of left clamp handle；The front end of the left clamp handle and middle clamp handle is provided with disk,Disk is in flexible movable angle with the plane at clamp handle riveting by rivet, disk.Angle can be directly displayed, but angle is notIt is distance, doctor, which needs more intuitively to see, struts distance, while clamp type structure, when strutting, two binding clips are not parallel, inclinationStrut knee joint, there is impression in the contact position that will lead to two binding clips and bone face, causes slight bone defect.
Summary of the invention
It can not be directly displayed the purpose of the present invention is to solve existing knee joint dilator and strut distance, and struttedWhen binding clip not parallel the problem of leading to slight bone defect, and provide a kind of knee joint dilator.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of knee joint dilator, the guide sleeve including left and right each one, in guide sleeveBe respectively arranged with an axis, be provided with rotatable rotary sleeve between two guide sleeves, being divided into for axis is two sections inside and outside, outer segment with leadIt can only be axially moved to set cooperation, inner segment is provided with the screw-internal thread fit of external screw thread and rotary sleeve, the external screw thread rotation direction of two axisOn the contrary, the internal screw thread of rotary sleeve is corresponding to be divided into left and right two sections and oppositely oriented, the outer end of axis is provided with for strutting legThe distraction forcep of bone is provided on guide sleeve for support frame that is hand-held or connecting with external fixation device.
Further, the periphery circumferential surface of the rotary sleeve is hexahedron, is provided with lever on hexahedron to help doctor to revolveTurn, or hexahedron is blocked to rotate rotary sleeve by open-end wrench.
Further, the rotary sleeve includes left-handed pivoted housing and dextrorotation pivoted housing, and left-handed pivoted housing and dextrorotation pivoted housing opposite can turnIt is dynamic, positive internal screw thread is respectively set in left-handed pivoted housing and dextrorotation pivoted housing and anti-internal screw thread is corresponding with axis.
Further, the outer segment of the axis and guide sleeve spline fitted.
Further, it is provided with ring-shaped step at the guide sleeve and rotary sleeve cooperation, makes guide sleeve and rotary sleeve can onlyEnough rotations can not radial-play.
Further, the guide sleeve is detachably connected by connecting rod and support frame.
Further, inside and outside two sections of the axis, outer segment diameter are greater than inner segment outer diameter.
Further, the extension elongation of axis can directly be read by scale being provided on the axis, and the extension elongation of two axis addsThe thickness of upper distraction forcep is exactly the distracted distance of thigh bone.
Further, the dead-center position of the axis high scale is provided with block, and axis is made to be at best able to return to zero in retractionPoint position.
Further, it is provided with pressure sensor on the axis, it can be by pressure transmission to the terminal of doctor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, knee joint dilator of the invention struts knee joint using screw thread rotation drive shaft, and two distraction forceps are moved always in parallelIt is dynamic, the contact position in bone face will not be squeezed too deep；
2, it can strut and unilateral can also strut simultaneously with both sides, it is easy to operate controllable；
3, it can directly be read when operating and strut distance and strut pressure, it is convenient and reliable；
4, entire dilator is fixed on operating table, and doctor can loose one's grip after strutting not to be had to help dilator always, saves peopleWhile power, it will not perform the operation because of manually helping dilator to generate wobble effects always.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is top view of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the main view of another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the top view of another embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1- guide sleeve, 2- axis, 3- rotary sleeve, the left-handed pivoted housing of 301-, 302- dextrorotation pivoted housing, 4- distraction forcep, 5- supportFrame, 6- lever, 7- connecting rod.
Specific embodiment
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Specific embodiment 1.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a kind of knee joint dilator, the guide sleeve 1 including left and right each one are respectively set in guide sleeve 1There is an axis 2, rotatable rotary sleeve 3 is provided between two guide sleeves 1, the periphery circumferential surface of rotary sleeve 3 is hexahedron, six facesLever 6 is provided on body to help doctor to rotate；Being divided into for axis 2 is two sections inside and outside, and outer segment can only be transported axially with the cooperation of guide sleeve 1It is dynamic, the outer segment and 1 spline fitted of guide sleeve of axis 2；Inner segment is provided with the screw-internal thread fit of external screw thread Yu rotary sleeve 3, two axis 2External screw thread is oppositely oriented, and the internal screw thread of rotary sleeve 3 is corresponding to be divided into two sections of left and right and oppositely oriented, and rotary sleeve 3 includes a left sideRotary sleeve 301 and dextrorotation pivoted housing 302, left-handed pivoted housing 301 and dextrorotation pivoted housing 302 can relatively rotate, left-handed pivoted housing 301 and right rotationPositive internal screw thread is respectively set in set 302 and anti-internal screw thread is corresponding with axis 2；The outer end of axis 2 is provided with for strutting strutting for thigh bone4 are clamped, the support frame 5 for connecting with external fixation device is provided on guide sleeve 1, the height and front-rear position of support frame 5 are equalIt is adjustable, facilitate doctor to say that dilator is adjusted to suitable position in operation, common machine in the support frame 5 and Medical DevicesTool arm etc. is similar, belongs to the prior art and is no longer described in detail.
Distraction forcep 4 is as shown in the figure L shape, and the front end of dilator is reached from the outer end of axis 2, latter two right distraction forcep 4 existsFront end is together with and extends downwardly jaw, and the jaw extended downwardly struts thigh bone for entering among knee.
Distance is strutted in order to facilitate doctor's observation, scale is provided on axis 2 can directly read the extension elongation of axis 2, and twoThe extension elongation of axis 2 is exactly the distracted distance of thigh bone plus the thickness of distraction forcep 4, and the dead-center position of 2 high scale of axis is provided with gearBlock makes axis 2 be at best able to return to dead-center position in retraction.
Understand in order to facilitate doctor and strut pressure, is provided with pressure sensor on axis 2, it can be by pressure transmission to the end of doctorEnd, doctor can be immediately seen by terminal such as monitor and strut pressure.
It in order to facilitate the installation of and dismantles, is provided with ring-shaped step at 3 cooperation of guide sleeve 1 and rotary sleeve, make guide sleeve 1 and rotationPivoted housing 3 be merely able to rotation can not radial-play, guide sleeve 1 is detachably connected by connecting rod 7 with support frame 5.Axis 2 is interior simultaneouslyOuter two sections, outer segment diameter is greater than inner segment outer diameter.It is existing by after two clamping rotary sleeves 3 of guide sleeves 1 when installation, pass through connecting rod 7 and branchSupport 5 links together, and axis 2 is then inserted into rotary sleeve 3 from guide sleeve 1, rotation rotary sleeve 3 makes axis 2 to inside contracting, completes peaceDress, when needing to dismantle cleaning after the completion of operation, above-mentioned steps are turned around i.e. removable.
The knee joint dilator course of work of the invention, when operation, adjusting support frame 5 closes distraction forcep alignment knee firstSection, then rotating rotary sleeve 3 simultaneously keeps two axis 2 protruding simultaneously, can also be according to doctor's so that knee joint be struttedIt needs, individually rotates a rotary sleeve 3, so that an individual axis 2 is stretched out or is bounced back, strut distance to adjust；What is adjusted is sameWhen, doctor can read the extension elongation of axis 2 directly on axis 2, and the extension elongation of two axis 2 is exactly plus the thickness of distraction forcep 4The distracted distance of thigh bone, and can see in real time on a monitor and strut pressure.
Specific embodiment 2.
As shown in Figs. 4-6, a kind of knee joint dilator, the guide sleeve 1 including left and right each one are respectively set in guide sleeve 1There is an axis 2, rotatable rotary sleeve 3 is provided between two guide sleeves 1, the periphery circumferential surface of rotary sleeve 3 is hexahedron, directlyRotary sleeve 3 can be rotated using the equipment of open-end wrench etc；Being divided into for axis 2 is two sections inside and outside, and outer segment and the cooperation of guide sleeve 1 are onlyIt can be axially moved, the outer segment and 1 spline fitted of guide sleeve of axis 2；Inner segment is provided with the screw-internal thread fit of external screw thread Yu rotary sleeve 3,The external screw thread of two axis 2 is oppositely oriented, and the internal screw thread of rotary sleeve 3 is corresponding to be divided into two sections of left and right and oppositely oriented, useWhen the common tool rotation rotary sleeve 3 such as open-end wrench can be so that two axis 2 be overhanging simultaneously or retraction；The outer end of axis 2 is setIt is equipped with the distraction forcep 4 for strutting thigh bone, is provided on guide sleeve 1 for hand-held support frame 5.
Other features are identical as specific embodiment 1 to be no longer described in detail.
In other embodiments, the outer segment of axis 2 and guide sleeve 1 make 2 guide sleeve of axis by flat key or other guide frames1 cooperation can only be axially moved.
In order to guarantee the safety and sanitation of dilator, dilator is made of medical stainless steel.
Specific embodiment is to further explanation of the invention rather than limits, and is existed for those of ordinary skillsFurther transformation is done to structure in the case where not departing from substantive content of the present invention, and all these transformation all should belong to institute of the present inventionAttached scope of protection of the claims.