Specific embodiment
During producing ceramics, needs often to mix colorant with ceramic matrix to meet client, make to fireThe ceramics of formation have color abundant.And the granularity and degree of adhesion of colorant and ceramic matrix are most important to ceramic color.Existing ceramic pigment has dry method colorant and ceramic body stain.
In the preparation method of dry method colorant, frequently with wet ball grinding technique, it may be assumed that according to a certain percentage will be into the original of factoryMaterial and water mixing, are ground using ball mill, prepare the mud of certain fineness, then evaporated again by spray drying towerMoisture in mud, to obtain the evenly sized graininess powder for meeting production requirement.These powders are dry method colorant, grainThe moisture content of son is small, and viscosity is lower, and the mobility of particle is preferable.Make ceramic matrix using dry method colorant coloring batch mixer and doesMethod colorant equably mixes.The preparation process of dry method colorant is complicated, needs to carry out spray drying treatment, consumes a large amount of thermal energy.Also, dry method colorant colour batch mixer used in colorant Costco Wholesale it is higher, because colorant is through drying, viscosity is lower, with baseExpect in mixed process, poor to the adhesive ability of base-material, after sintering ceramic tile into after mixing, effect meets the requirements to common ceramic tile,But to medium-to-high grade ceramic tile, distributed effect or undesirable is coloured.
The novel ceramics by dry granulating technique of existing one kind then will by the way that powder to be ground into superfine dry mashPowder is sent into pelletizer and sprays water mist, so that powder and water mixing have viscosity, and cuts stirring and forms spherical particle.It is thisPrilling process simple process, cost is relatively low, but the viscosity of colorant is high, makes if carrying out mixing with dry method colorant coloring batch mixerGrain, revolving speed is too fast, and blending space is small, will cause granulating of uniting between colorant, will not be attached on base-material, and mixing is not achieved completelyEffect.
Because the price of ceramic body stain is lower than dry method colorant, and its to the adhesive ability of base-material than dry method colorantGood, some enterprises are directly mixed using body stain, and still, the characteristic of ceramic body stain high viscosity to be easy in mixingAgglomerating from embracing, formation color tablets are larger, and quality effect is poor.
Existing ceramic pigment coloring batch mixer generally comprises mixing machine and agitating shaft, is provided with helical-blade on agitating shaftPiece, the rotation of motor driven agitating shaft are stirred mixture by helical blade rotation.When in use, will claim according to the proportionMeasured ceramic matrix and colorant are put into the feed inlet of mixing machine, make ceramic matrix and colorant by the Stirring of helical bladeIt is mutually mixed.
But existing batch mixer agitating shaft running speed is fast, helical blade is easy to cut damage ceramic matrix and colorantParticle, destroys the granularity of original ceramic matrix and colorant, so that the colorant quantity adhered on ceramic matrix changes, fromAnd to fire the ceramics formed from forming preset color.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of novel mixing machine, made pottery with solving batch mixer helical blade destructible in the prior artPorcelain base-material and pigment particle influence the technical issues of finished product ceramics color.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that retouches in this placeThe specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of batch mixer of the present invention；Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of mixing machine in Fig. 1；Fig. 3 is in Fig. 2The main view of mixing machine；Fig. 4 is the left view of mixing machine in Fig. 2；Fig. 5 be in Fig. 3 B to cross-sectional view；Fig. 6 be in Fig. 3 C to section viewFigure；Fig. 7 be Fig. 2 in mixing machine expanded schematic diagram, Fig. 7 be by the mixing machine in Fig. 2 along side wall axially cut off after vertical view showIt is intended to, intuitively to show the arrangement of baffle；Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of mixing machine in Fig. 1；Fig. 9 isThe structural schematic diagram of mixing machine another embodiment in Fig. 1.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 9, batch mixer provided in this embodiment includes mixing machine 1 and power device；During mixing machine 1 includes:Empty cylinder 11 and the multiple baffles 12 being fixed on 11 inner wall of cylinder, multiple baffles 12 are evenly arranged in the axis of cylinder 11On at least one helix centered on line；The outer wall of cylinder 11 is sequentially connected by the first driving wheel 13 with power device.
Batch mixer provided in this embodiment can be used for hybrid ceramic base-material and dry method colorant, can be used for hybrid ceramicBase-material and ceramic body stain, it is without limitation.Batch mixer includes mixing machine 1 and power device, and power device is mixing machine 1Power is provided, enables the ceramic matrix in mixing machine 1 and colorant is full and uniform mixes.
Mixing machine 1 includes cylinder 11 and multiple baffles 12, and cylinder 11 is hollow tubular, and one end is feed inlet 14, anotherEnd is discharge port 15, in order to guarantee that powder can smoothly enter in cylinder 11, and to powder from feed inlet 14 to discharge port15 mobile offer initial driving forces, referring to Fig. 3, feed inlet 14 is set as taper closing in, so that powder slides downward into along inclined-planeIn cylinder 11.Certainly, the shape of feed inlet 14 is not to be illustrated as limiting.Baffle 12 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of cylinder 11, baffle12 can be the metal plates such as steel plate, be fixed on cylinder inboard wall by welding, being clamped etc., and baffle 12 can also be plastic part etc., lead toIt crosses the modes such as grafting and is fixed on cylinder inboard wall.
With continued reference to attached drawing 7-9, multiple baffles 12 are evenly arranged at least one spiral shell centered on the axis of cylinder 11In spin line, wherein the rotation direction of helix is dextrorotation, and the powder in cylinder 11 is moved from feed inlet 14 to discharge port 15It is dynamic.When carrying out powder mixing, colorant and the base-material tumble mixed in cylinder 11, a part are rotated up with baffle 12, are turnedIt moves certain height colorant and base-material to be fallen by gravity towards cylinder bottom, be covered on the powder of front, powder is from feed inlet14, towards in the moving process of discharge port 5, by repeatedly mixing, increase the frequency of exposure between colorant and base-material, are filledDivide uniformly mixing.There are many form, multiple baffles 12 can connect to be formed continuously the arrangement of multiple baffles 12 togetherHelical blade；Multiple baffles 12 can also be spaced-apart, forms gap；Or multiple baffles 12 separate, but adjacentThere is overlapping between baffle 12, is not specifically limited herein.
The outer wall of cylinder 11 is provided with the first driving wheel 13, and power device drives 1 turn of mixing machine by the first driving wheel 13It is dynamic.First driving wheel 13 can be gear, engage for the transmission gear with power device；First driving wheel 13 is also possible to bandWheel, sprocket wheel etc., this is not restricted.First driving wheel 13 can be the outer wall that welding, clamping etc. are fixed to cylinder 11, alternatively,First driving wheel 13 is integrally formed with cylinder 11, the invention is not limited in this regard.Power device can use stepper motor, servoThe motor of the arbitrary structures such as motor, is also possible to other devices that can carry power, and the present invention is without limitation.
Batch mixer provided in this embodiment, by the way that multiple baffles are arranged on the hollow cylinder inner wall of mixing machine, and it is multipleBaffle is uniformly arranged at least one helix centered on the axis of cylinder, and the outer wall of cylinder passes through driving wheel and powerDevice transmission connection, drives mixing machine rotation, the ceramic matrix made with colorant is full and uniform mixes, while avoiding baffle to base-materialScheduled ceramic color is formed so that colorant mixes adherency with base-material according to default proportion with the destruction of plastic pellet.
As a kind of embodiment of 12 arrangement of baffle, multiple baffles 12 are joined together to form a continuous spiral shellVane piece.
Referring to attached drawing 8, multiple baffles 12 are connected in turn to form continuous helical blade, example on same helixSuch as, the baffles such as six, seven can be set on same helix, be joined together to form helical blade.The present invention is to sameBaffle quantity on helix is not especially limited.Ceramic matrix and colorant are connected as helical blade is along the rotation of cylinder 11It moves upwards, by gravity, powder can fall downwards, be covered on the powder of front, further mix.Also, cylinder 11The powder of bottom is rotated with helical blade, and powder is distributed on the blade face of helical blade, and helical blade will not carry out powderCutting is squeezed, so that the size of powder particles will not be destroyed.The helical angle of helical blade is not answered excessive, prevents base-material and colorant from not havingIt is sufficiently mixed and is exported, so that mixed effect is bad, the helical angle of helical blade is not answered too small, reduces powder mixing yetDelivery efficiency.Those skilled in the art can be according to the revolving speed and production efficiency etc. for requiring preset hybrid standard, mixing machineComprehensively consider the helical angle of design helical blade.Helical blade can be one group, be also possible to multiple groups, herein with no restrictions.ThisEmbodiment provide batch mixer, while being stirred mixing to ceramic matrix and colorant, under the drive of helical blade from intoMaterial mouth 14 is towards the mobile size without destroying powder particles of discharge port 15, so that colorant is according to default proportion and base-materialMixing adherency forms scheduled ceramic color.
As the another embodiment of 12 arrangement of baffle, the two neighboring baffle that is arranged on same helixIt is arranged between 12 along the spaced radial of cylinder 11, and each baffle 12 is obliquely installed both with respect to the axis of cylinder 11, so that powderMaterial is moved from the feed inlet 14 of cylinder to discharge port 15.
Specifically, the spaced radial between the two neighboring baffle 12 on same helix along cylinder 11 is arranged in setIt sets.In conjunction with attached drawing 2,3 and attached drawing 7, wherein attached drawing 7 is that mixing machine is cut off along axial side wall, the vertical view of drawout is illustrated in Fig. 2Scheme, adjacent two baffle 12 on same helix is not connected to, is arranged along the spaced radial of cylinder 11, same helixOn adjacent two baffle 12 between along cylinder 11 axial direction may exist gap, can also be overlapped.Certainly, multiple gearsPiece 12 can be arranged in a helix, can also be arranged in a plurality of helix.It is constantly defeated in powder mixed process in order to guaranteeOut, each baffle 12 is obliquely installed both with respect to the central axis of cylinder 11, towards discharge port 15.Those skilled in the art can be withThe tilt angle of baffle 12 is designed according to preset mixing machine revolving speed, hybrid standard etc..Preferably each 12 phase of baffle of the present embodiment2 degree to 4 degree are tilted for the central axis of cylinder 11, the revolving speed of mixing machine 1 preferably per minute 10 goes to 20 turns.
Further, it is arranged between the two neighboring baffle 12 on same helix between the axial presence of cylinder 11Gap, in mixed process, powder a part with baffle 12 rotate upwards, fall, tumble mixed, some is in cylinder 11Inner wall rotation is upward, falls, tumble mixed, and inclined baffle 12 makes powder mobile towards discharge port 15, and powder is in gap locationInner wall on gather, rotation rolling advance.
In order to mix base-material and colorant more fully, powder is avoided to gather and shadow on the cylinder inboard wall of baffle gap locationIt rings mixed effect and mixing efficiency, the present embodiment is preferably placed between the two neighboring baffle 12 on same helix along cylinderThe axial direction of body 11 overlaps.
Referring to attached drawing 3 and attached drawing 7, the axis of two neighboring baffle 121 and baffle 122 on same helix along cylinder 11Line partly overlaps, and those skilled in the art can design the length of overlapping according to the actual situation, and this is not restricted.In powder realityIn the mixed process of border, the powder on baffle 121 can be upward with the rotation of baffle 121, during upwards, part powder meetingAxial plate face along baffle 121 moves forward, and falls, is covered on the powder of front, also towards baffle 122, baffle 125 etc.A part of powder can fall to downwards baffle 123, baffle 124 etc., when baffle 121 turns over the axis horizontal position of cylinder 11,Powder can accelerate forward or move down, and the mixing number of powder increases, guarantee base-material and coloring material for mixing more sufficiently.
Further, the present embodiment is preferably placed in the overlapping between the two neighboring baffle 12 on same helixPartial length is 1st/1st to five/6th of the length of baffle 12, two neighboring on same helix referring to Fig. 3Length of overlapped part L is preferably 1st/1st to five/6th of 12 axial length of baffle between baffle 12, is made on baffle 12The forward movement of powder a part is fallen, and a part of powder can also be fallen vertically downward, is increased powder and is contacted with each other chance, makesIt obtains base-material and coloring material for mixing is more uniform.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the feed inlet 14 of cylinder 11 is less than the diameter of discharge port 15.Specifically, cylinder 11The inner diameter of feed inlet 14 be less than the inner diameter of discharge port 15, the inner wall of cylinder 11 is conical, and multiple baffles 12 areOn even at least one helix being arranged in centered on the axis of cylinder 11.In the present embodiment, multiple baffles 12 can connectIt is connected together to form a continuous helical blade；Alternatively, being arranged between the two neighboring baffle 12 on same helixSpaced radial along cylinder 11 is arranged, and each baffle 12 can be obliquely installed relative to the axis of cylinder 11, can also be parallel toThe axis direction of cylinder 11, it is identical as the arrangement form of baffle in above-described embodiment, and the inner wall of cylinder 11 is conical, and it canSo that powder is easier advance mobile from feed inlet 14 to discharge port 15.
In order to improve the diversity of base-material and coloring material for mixing form, so that base-material and coloring material for mixing is more uniform, it is multipleBaffle 12 is evenly distributed on a plurality of helix centered on the axis of cylinder 11.
Specifically, multiple baffles 12 are evenly distributed on a plurality of helix centered on the axis of cylinder 11, for example, canTo be six helixes, it is also possible to seven helixes, herein with no restrictions.Multiple baffles 12 can connect forms one togetherA continuous helical blade is provided with multiple helical blades in cylinder 11, and for example, referring to attached drawing 9, multiple baffles 12 are uniformly distributedOn three helixes centered on the axis of cylinder 11, three helical blades are formed.Alternatively, referring to Fig. 3 to Fig. 6, it is multipleBaffle 12 is arranged along the circumferencial direction uniform intervals of 11 inner wall of cylinder, such as six baffles, along 11 inner wall circumferencial direction of cylinder, oftenIt is arranged one every 60 degree, is then starting baffle with this six baffles, multiple baffles 12 go out along six parallel helixes directionsThe setting of the interval of material mouth 15, forms six helix baffles.In specific arrangement, baffle 122 is revolved with respect to 121 circumference of baffleTurn certain angle arrangement, between baffle 121 and baffle 123, such as can be 10 degree, 20 degree, 30 degree etc., referring to Fig. 5And Fig. 6, baffle 122 rotate 30 degree relative to 121 circumferencial direction of baffle, two adjacent 12 circumference of baffle on same helixDirection rotates 30 degree, but invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can be designed according to the actual situation.
On the basis of the above embodiments, power device includes motor 2, speed reducer 3 and transmission mechanism, motor 2 it is defeatedThe output shaft of the input axis connection of shaft and speed reducer 3, speed reducer 3 is connect by transmission mechanism with the first driving wheel 13.
Specifically, power device is the powered rotation of mixing machine, including motor 2, speed reducer 3 and transmission mechanism,Motor 2 preferred variable-frequency motor, such as threephase asynchronous machine, DC brushless motor, AC brushless electric machine and switched reluctance machines etc.,Change the output revolving speed of motor by changing the frequency of variable-frequency motor, to change the velocity of rotation of mixing machine 1, and then controlsThe speed and effect of mixing.The output shaft of motor 2 and the input axis connection of speed reducer 3, further decrease mixing by speed reducerCylinder 1 revolving speed, avoid 1 revolving speed of mixing machine too fastly cylinder 11 inner wall formed centrifugal force and oppress colorant adherency it is agglomerating.This hairThe bright specific structure to motor and speed reducer is with no restrictions.
The output shaft of speed reducer 3 is connect by transmission mechanism with the first driving wheel 13, by the power of motor 2 and speed reducer 3Pass to mixing machine 1.Speed reducer 3 can be worm-gear speed reducer, planetary reducer etc..Transmission mechanism can be gear driveMechanism is also possible to tape handler chain-drive mechanism or axis transmission etc..
In some embodiments, transmission mechanism includes transmission shaft 5 and the second driving wheel 4；One end of transmission shaft 5 and speed reducer3 output axis connection, the other end of transmission shaft 5 are fixedly connected with the second driving wheel 4；Second driving wheel 4 and the first driving wheel 13Connection, for transmitting power.
Specifically, transmission mechanism includes transmission shaft 5 and the second driving wheel 4, one end of transmission shaft 5 and the output of speed reducer 3Axis connection, one end of transmission shaft 5 can be used shaft coupling with the output shaft of speed reducer 3 and connect, such as diaphragm coupling, elasticity connectionAxis device etc..Second driving wheel 4 is fixed on the other end of transmission shaft 5, and the second driving wheel 4 is connect with the first driving wheel 13, with transmittingPower.
Preferably, the second driving wheel 4 be driving gear, the first driving wheel 13 be driven gear, by driving gear with fromThe engagement of moving gear connects, with smooth transfer power.Driving gear and driven gear can be involute spur gear, be also possible toThe gear of other forms, the present invention are not specifically limited.Certainly, can also lead between the second driving wheel 4 and the first driving wheel 13Annular band connection is crossed, alternatively, can also connect between the second driving wheel 4 and the first driving wheel 13 with used chain.
Further, batch mixer further includes rack 6, and the top surface of rack 6 is provided with supporting mechanism, is used to support mixing machine1；Supporting mechanism includes the support roller 7 being fixedly connected with rack 6 and the idler wheel 16 that is fixedly connected with 11 outer wall of cylinder；Support roller 7 withIdler wheel 16 rolls connection.
Specifically, rack 6 can be the box-structure being welded by plate, and rack 6 is also possible to weld shape by profileAt frame structure, rack 6 can also be the castings such as steel, iron formed integral piece.Referring to Fig.1, the present embodiment is preferably mostly with sidePipe welds to form rack 6.
The top surface of rack 6 is provided with supporting mechanism, to support mixing machine 1.Supporting mechanism includes support roller 7 and idler wheel 16.ItsIn, support roller 7 is mounted on the top surface of rack 6, and supporting mechanism further includes jackshaft and support base, and jackshaft is parallel to the axis of cylinder 11To setting, jackshaft passes through the centre bore of support roller 7；Support base offers the supported hole for accommodating jackshaft, is supported and fixed on rack 6Top surface, such as can be and be spirally connected, clamping etc..Idler wheel 16 is fixed on 11 outer wall of cylinder, rolls and connects with support roller 7.Idler wheel 16 canTo be the outer wall for being fixed on cylinder 11 such as to weld, be clamped, idler wheel 16 can also be integrally formed with cylinder 11.Idler wheel 16 includes wheel bodyAnd the retaining wall of wheel body two sides, and wheel body and the retaining wall of two sides form groove, to accommodate support roller 7.Idler wheel 16 is set as multiple, edgeThe outer wall axially spaced-apart of cylinder 11 is arranged, for example, idler wheel 16 is set as two, is separately positioned on 14 one end of feed inlet and discharge port15 one end, correspondingly, support roller 7 can be set it is multiple, such as four, 14 one end of feed inlet and 15 one end of discharge port point of cylinder 11She Zhi not be two, two support rollers 7 of feed inlet one end setting are arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of cylinder 11.
It is to be appreciated that supporting mechanism is also possible to other forms, for example, being provided with arc in the top surface of rack 6Support slot, the outer wall of cylinder 11 are provided with movable pulley, and movable pulley can slide in support slot, support mixing machine, and guarantee mixedBarrel rotation.In addition, motor 2 and speed reducer 3 and transmission mechanism can be fixed on the top surface of rack 6, specific arrangement and fixation sideFormula is not specifically limited.
The course of work of the batch mixer of the present embodiment are as follows: first match colorant and base-material, then start batch mixer, motor 2 is openedBeginning work is transmitted to cylinder 11, cylinder through transmission shaft 5, the second driving wheel 4 and the first driving wheel 13 after the deceleration of speed reducer 311 start turning, and when batch mixer stability of rotation, proportioned colorant and base-material are continuously added into batch mixer from feed inlet 14In be sufficiently mixed, the colorant and base-material mixed from discharge port 15 export, carry out subsequent ceramic sintering.
In the above description, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specific example " orThe description of " some examples " etc. means that particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example includeIn at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms necessarily needlePair be identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can any one orIt can be combined in any suitable manner in multiple embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, those skilled in the artThe feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples can be combined and groupIt closes.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extentPipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according toSo be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features intoRow equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solutionThe range of scheme.