技术领域Technical Field
本申请涉及医疗器械领域，具体而言，涉及一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置以及组件。The present application relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular, to an intraoral impression making device and components for patients with maxillary bone defects.
背景技术Background Art
先天性颌骨缺损(如唇腭裂)及后天性缺损(如外伤、肿瘤切除、颌骨骨髓炎等颌等)导致的颌骨缺损，造成患者牙列缺损、口鼻腔联通、面部变形等，给患者带来严重的生理、心理障碍：如造成咀嚼时食物进入鼻腔、易呛咳、咀嚼力差；发音模糊不清、鼻音重、无法辨认；进食时食物流进入鼻腔或流出口外，呛咳难受；婴儿期吮吸困难；颌骨缺损造成软组织塌陷，瘢痕挛缩牵拉导致患者眼睑、口唇不能闭合及面部畸形等。Jaw defects caused by congenital jaw defects (such as cleft lip and palate) and acquired defects (such as trauma, tumor resection, jaw osteomyelitis, etc.) cause patients to have missing teeth, connected oral and nasal cavities, facial deformation, etc., which bring serious physical and psychological disorders to patients: such as food entering the nasal cavity when chewing, easy choking, and poor chewing power; unclear pronunciation, heavy nasal sound, and unrecognizable; food flows into the nasal cavity or out of the mouth when eating, causing choking and discomfort; difficulty in sucking in infancy; jaw defects cause soft tissue collapse, and scar contracture traction causes the patient's eyelids and lips to be unable to close and facial deformities.
对于此类患者临床治疗方法是以阻塞器封闭口鼻腔交通缺损，恢复患者的咀嚼和吞咽。而阻塞器的制作重点的获得缺损处的精细形貌。具体方法是将高流动性的印模材料置于上层托盘表面，置于口腔内加压，使印模材料充分流动覆盖到要求的组织表面，印模材料在口内迅速结固，待印模材料结固后取出结合的上层托盘和印模材料，获得精确的口内组织形态。而印模材料流动性高，即使结固后仍有较大弹性，支撑力差，故而印模材料厚度要求不超过3-4mm，其下必须有硬质材料支撑。The clinical treatment method for such patients is to use an obstructor to close the oral and nasal communication defect and restore the patient's chewing and swallowing. The focus of the production of the obstructor is to obtain the fine morphology of the defect. The specific method is to place a highly fluid impression material on the surface of the upper tray, place it in the oral cavity and pressurize it, so that the impression material can fully flow and cover the required tissue surface. The impression material quickly solidifies in the mouth, and after the impression material solidifies, the combined upper tray and impression material are removed to obtain the precise intraoral tissue morphology. The impression material has high fluidity and still has great elasticity even after solidification, and the supporting force is poor. Therefore, the thickness of the impression material is required to be no more than 3-4mm, and it must be supported by hard materials underneath.
而颌骨缺损病人缺损腔与未缺损组织存在巨大落差，普通托盘无法伸入缺损腔中为精细印模材料提供支撑，而印模材料流动性高，无法靠自身进入缺损部位，所以临床上采用将蜡块烫软，塑成比缺损腔略小的蜡团，医生根据缺损腔的估计位置及大小将蜡团烫至标准托盘相应的位置上，待蜡块冷却硬固后，在此带有蜡团的托盘上装载藻酸盐印模材料，置入口内制取颌骨缺损腔的精细印模。However, there is a huge gap between the defect cavity and the non-defective tissue of patients with mandibular defects. Ordinary trays cannot be inserted into the defect cavity to provide support for the fine impression materials. The impression materials are highly fluid and cannot enter the defect site by themselves. Therefore, in clinical practice, the wax block is softened and molded into a wax ball slightly smaller than the defect cavity. The doctor will scald the wax ball to the corresponding position on the standard tray according to the estimated position and size of the defect cavity. After the wax block cools and hardens, the alginate impression material is loaded on the tray with the wax ball and placed in the mouth to make a fine impression of the mandibular defect cavity.
但是这种方法存在以下问题:However, this approach has the following problems:
1、蜡团的塑形及位置的确定需要很高的专业技巧，对于专业的口腔赝复医师也难以做到一次成功，容易出现蜡团过大、过小或位置未与缺损腔对应而导致蜡团不能提供有效支撑或受缺损腔边缘阻挡无法进入缺损腔的情况，往往需要反复重新制作蜡团。而重新制作蜡团往往是整体重新制作，且原有的位置信息也不能有效利用，在改变蜡团外形和蜡团位置的双重变量下，尝试的成功率降低，往往需要多次尝试才能获得合适的阻塞器上层托盘。1. The shaping and positioning of the wax ball requires very high professional skills. It is difficult for professional oral prosthetists to succeed in one try. The wax ball is easily too large or too small or its position does not correspond to the defect cavity, which results in the wax ball failing to provide effective support or being blocked by the edge of the defect cavity and unable to enter the defect cavity. It is often necessary to repeatedly remake the wax ball. Remaking the wax ball is often a complete remake, and the original position information cannot be effectively used. Under the dual variables of changing the shape and position of the wax ball, the success rate of the attempt is reduced, and it often takes multiple attempts to obtain a suitable upper tray for the obturator.
2、蜡块的硬度较大，在尝试和取模时容易使原本就脆弱的缺损伤口再次受到创伤，出现伤口疼痛、出血。2. The wax block is very hard, and it is easy to cause the already fragile defect to be traumatized again during the trial and mold taking, causing wound pain and bleeding.
3、蜡块表面光滑，与材料的结合力差，且缺损腔形貌复杂，在缺损口下是更大的缺损腔隙，而印模材料强度差、流动性高，易出现印模材料与蜡团分离，以及印模材料流入组织倒凹，取出时出现倒凹里的印模材料撕裂而留在鼻咽腔中。临床上则是高度紧张的情况，因口内颌骨缺损的病人黏性分泌物较多，撕裂的印模材料被黏液包裹很难取出，即使用探针勾到了也是小块的脱落，在无法用探针取出时立刻护送病人用喉镜取出。在取撕裂印模材料的过程中随时观察撕裂的印模材料有没有掉入呼吸道导致患者窒息。3. The wax block has a smooth surface, poor bonding with the material, and the defect cavity has a complex morphology. There is a larger defect cavity below the defect mouth, and the impression material has poor strength and high fluidity. It is easy for the impression material to separate from the wax block, and the impression material to flow into the tissue concave. When it is removed, the impression material in the concave will tear and remain in the nasopharyngeal cavity. Clinically, it is a highly tense situation because patients with intraoral mandibular defects have a lot of viscous secretions. The torn impression material is wrapped in mucus and difficult to remove. Even if it is hooked with a probe, it will fall off in small pieces. If it cannot be removed with a probe, the patient should be escorted immediately to remove it with a laryngoscope. In the process of removing the torn impression material, observe at any time whether the torn impression material has fallen into the respiratory tract and caused the patient to suffocate.
4、蜡团与上层托盘靠液体蜡硬固后的力量连接，这种连接力较弱，易出现蜡块从上层托盘上脱落。4. The wax ball and the upper tray are connected by the force of the liquid wax after it hardens. This connection force is weak and the wax block is prone to fall off the upper tray.
此外，对于开口受限或颌骨缺损过大的患者，在以上问题的基础上额外增加巨大的印模凝固后无法从口内取出的问题，对于此类患者临床医生通常让其先训练开口度，但此过程较为痛苦；抑或用印模膏结合藻酸盐制取分层印模，但此种方法对医师技术和经验要求较高，上层印模取出难度较大，分层印模衔接处精度较低。In addition, for patients with limited mouth opening or large jaw defects, in addition to the above problems, there is the additional problem of the huge impression that cannot be removed from the mouth after solidification. For such patients, clinicians usually let them train the degree of mouth opening first, but this process is more painful; or use impression paste combined with alginate to make layered impressions, but this method requires high skills and experience of the doctor, the upper layer of the impression is difficult to remove, and the accuracy of the connection between the layered impressions is low.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置以及组件，能够辅助医师进行印模制取，降低操作难度。The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an intraoral impression-taking device and components for patients with maxillary bone defects, which can assist physicians in impression-taking and reduce the difficulty of operation.
第一方面，本申请提供一种技术方案：In the first aspect, the present application provides a technical solution:
一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置，上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置包括：An intraoral impression making device for a patient with maxillary bone defect, the intraoral impression making device for a patient with maxillary bone defect comprising:
托盘，托盘上可拆卸地安装有多个支撑单元，多个支撑单元的形状不完全相同；A tray, on which a plurality of support units are detachably mounted, and the shapes of the plurality of support units are not completely the same;
托盘用于装载印模材料，在印模材料装载之前，根据上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的形状确定支撑单元的形状、数量以及安装位置；当印模材料装载在托盘上时，多个支撑单元均包裹于印模材料内。The tray is used to load the impression material. Before the impression material is loaded, the shape, quantity and installation position of the support unit are determined according to the shape of the defect cavity wall of the patient with maxillary bone defect; when the impression material is loaded on the tray, multiple support units are wrapped in the impression material.
采用矩阵思路设置多个独立的支撑单元，将传统的蜡块整体替换改进为个别支撑单元的微调，保留了颌骨缺损腔的位置和空间信息，提高再次试托盘的成功率，并降低了临床医师技术敏感度。同时，支撑单元可以支撑并固定印模材料，提高了印模材料与托盘之间的连接力，降低了印模材料脱落的风险，提高印模制取的安全性。The matrix concept is adopted to set up multiple independent support units, and the traditional overall replacement of wax blocks is improved to fine-tuning of individual support units, which retains the position and spatial information of the jaw defect cavity, improves the success rate of re-trial trays, and reduces the technical sensitivity of clinical physicians. At the same time, the support unit can support and fix the impression material, improve the connection force between the impression material and the tray, reduce the risk of impression material falling off, and improve the safety of impression making.
在本申请的其他实施例中，上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置还包括至少一个上层托盘；In other embodiments of the present application, the intraoral impression taking device for a patient with maxillary bone defect further comprises at least one upper tray;
每一个上层托盘上均可拆卸地安装有多个支撑单元；A plurality of support units are detachably mounted on each upper tray;
托盘与至少一个上层托盘沿预设方向间隔设置。The tray and at least one upper tray are spaced apart along a preset direction.
通过设置至少一个上层托盘，该上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置还能够适用于开口受限或颌骨缺损过大的患者。By providing at least one upper tray, the intraoral impression making device for patients with maxillary bone defects can also be suitable for patients with limited mouth opening or too large jaw bone defects.
在本申请的其他实施例中，托盘和上层托盘之间还设置有连接部，通过连接部能够将托盘和上层托盘连接在一起。In other embodiments of the present application, a connecting portion is further provided between the tray and the upper tray, and the tray and the upper tray can be connected together through the connecting portion.
通过设置连接部，能够将托盘和上层托盘连接在一起。By providing the connection portion, the tray and the upper tray can be connected together.
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述连接部包括多个磁性连接件，多个磁性连接件分别设置在多个支撑单元上。In other embodiments of the present application, the connecting portion includes a plurality of magnetic connecting members, and the plurality of magnetic connecting members are respectively disposed on a plurality of supporting units.
磁性方式可实现在不发生水平位移的情况下完成上下层印模的分离，避免水平移动造成的印模破坏。The magnetic method can separate the upper and lower layers of the mold without horizontal displacement, avoiding damage to the mold caused by horizontal movement.
在本申请的其他实施例中，每一个支撑单元均包括支撑柱和多个伞状的材料固定结构，多个材料固定结构间隔设置在支撑柱上。In other embodiments of the present application, each supporting unit includes a supporting column and a plurality of umbrella-shaped material fixing structures, and the plurality of material fixing structures are arranged on the supporting column at intervals.
材料固定结构加大了上层托盘与印模材料的接触面积并增加了机械固位结构，能够有效的固定流动的藻酸盐印模材料，降低印模材料与上层托盘整体脱落的概率，提高颌骨缺损患者印模制取的安全性。The material fixing structure increases the contact area between the upper tray and the impression material and increases the mechanical retention structure, which can effectively fix the flowing alginate impression material, reduce the probability of the impression material and the upper tray falling off as a whole, and improve the safety of impression making for patients with mandibular defects.
在本申请的其他实施例中，位于每一个支撑柱顶端的材料固定结构的外表面均设置有柔性材料制成的接触部。In other embodiments of the present application, the outer surface of the material fixing structure located at the top end of each support column is provided with a contact portion made of a flexible material.
柔性材料的接触部，具有一定的弹性缓冲能力，模制取时支撑单元的边缘即使触碰到缺损腔引起的损伤和不适也较传统方式中硬固的蜡团低很多，可减轻患者的损伤。The contact part of the flexible material has a certain elastic buffering ability. Even if the edge of the support unit touches the defect cavity during molding, the damage and discomfort caused are much lower than those caused by the hard wax ball in the traditional method, which can reduce the damage to the patient.
在本申请的其他实施例中，托盘与至少一个上层托盘上均设置有多个用于供印模材料溢出的通孔。In other embodiments of the present application, the tray and at least one upper tray are both provided with a plurality of through holes for allowing the impression material to overflow.
通孔兼有固定支撑单元和方便印模材料流出并固定印模材料的作用。The through hole has the functions of fixing the supporting unit and facilitating the outflow of the impression material and fixing the impression material.
在本申请的其他实施例中，每一个上层托盘的底部均设置有取出部，取出部上套设有取出部保护帽。In other embodiments of the present application, a taking-out portion is provided at the bottom of each upper tray, and a taking-out portion protective cap is provided on the taking-out portion.
取出部保护帽的设置，避免了取出部损伤下层的印模材料。The provision of the protective cap of the removal part prevents the removal part from damaging the underlying impression material.
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述每一个上层托盘的周边均包裹有可塑性的硅橡胶材料。In other embodiments of the present application, the periphery of each of the upper trays is wrapped with plastic silicone rubber material.
这使得上下层藻酸盐印模的衔接部位通过上部上层托盘周边的硅橡胶材料完善隔离，在保证衔接处取模精度的同时方便上下层藻酸盐印模材料的分离；固化后硅橡胶不易变形，起到支撑作用并实现取模结束后的上下层印模的精准复位。This allows the connection between the upper and lower layers of alginate impressions to be perfectly isolated through the silicone rubber material around the upper tray, facilitating the separation of the upper and lower layers of alginate impression materials while ensuring the accuracy of the impression at the connection; after curing, the silicone rubber is not easily deformed, plays a supporting role and enables accurate resetting of the upper and lower impressions after the impression is completed.
第二方面，本申请提供一种技术方案：In the second aspect, the present application provides a technical solution:
一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件，An intraoral impression making component for a patient with maxillary bone defect,
上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件包括如上述的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置；以及The intraoral impression making component for a patient with maxillary bone defect comprises the intraoral impression making device for a patient with maxillary bone defect as described above; and
取出器，取出器能够安装在取出部上，当印模结束后，将取出器安装在取出部上，以取出上层托盘。The extractor can be installed on the extracting part. After the impression is completed, the extractor is installed on the extracting part to remove the upper tray.
该上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件印模制取方便，能够辅助医师进行印模制取，降低操作难度，并减轻患者损伤。The intraoral impression making component for patients with maxillary bone defects is convenient for making impressions, can assist physicians in making impressions, reduce the difficulty of operation, and alleviate damage to patients.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1为本申请实施例提供的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置的一种结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for making an intraoral impression of a patient with maxillary bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置的另一种结构示意图；FIG2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the device for making an intraoral impression of a patient with maxillary bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置的支撑单元的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a support unit of a device for making an intraoral impression of a patient with maxillary bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图4为本申请实施例提供的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件的取出器结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extractor for taking an intraoral impression of a patient with maxillary bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图5为上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取过程示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of taking an intraoral impression of a patient with maxillary bone defect.
图标：100-上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置；110-托盘；120-上层托盘；130-支撑单元；131-支撑柱；132-材料固定结构；133-窄径支撑单元；134-宽径支撑单元；135-短支撑单元；136-接触部；141-磁性连接件；150-取出部；151-取出部保护帽；160-取出器；161-取出指环；162-转动关节；163-取出部连接帽。Icons: 100-intraoral impression taking device for patients with maxillary defect; 110-tray; 120-upper tray; 130-support unit; 131-support column; 132-material fixing structure; 133-narrow diameter support unit; 134-wide diameter support unit; 135-short support unit; 136-contact part; 141-magnetic connector; 150-removal part; 151-protection cap of removal part; 160-removal device; 161-removal ring; 162-rotation joint; 163-connecting cap of removal part.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该申请产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the application are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
在本申请实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
实施例Example
请参阅图1-5，本实施例提供了一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100，其包括：托盘110和上层托盘120。Please refer to FIGS. 1-5 . This embodiment provides an intraoral impression making device 100 for a patient with maxillary bone defect, which includes a tray 110 and an upper tray 120 .
进一步地，托盘110和每一个上层托盘120上均可拆卸地安装有多个支撑单元130。Furthermore, a plurality of support units 130 are detachably mounted on the tray 110 and each upper tray 120 .
支撑单元130用于支撑缺损腔印模材料，并与托盘110及每一个上层托盘120的连接固定。The supporting unit 130 is used to support the defect cavity impression material and is connected and fixed to the tray 110 and each upper tray 120 .
当印模材料在上颌骨缺损患者的缺损腔内凝固后，上述的多个支撑单元130被印模材料包裹在内，从而使得印模材料不容易从托盘110和每一个上层托盘120上脱落。When the impression material solidifies in the defect cavity of the patient with maxillary bone defect, the plurality of support units 130 are wrapped in the impression material, so that the impression material is not easy to fall off from the tray 110 and each upper tray 120 .
进一步地，多个支撑单元130的形状不完全相同。Furthermore, the shapes of the plurality of support units 130 are not completely the same.
具体而言，可以根据上颌骨缺损患者的缺损腔内的具体缺损形状选择不同形状的支撑单元130。Specifically, the support unit 130 of different shapes can be selected according to the specific defect shape in the defect cavity of the patient with maxillary bone defect.
进一步地，托盘110与上层托盘120沿预设方向间隔设置，以使多个支撑单元130位于托盘110与上层托盘120之间。Further, the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 are arranged at intervals along a preset direction, so that the plurality of support units 130 are located between the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 .
示例性，参照图1，在本申请可选的实施例中，该上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100包括托盘110和上层托盘120。上层托盘120设置在托盘110之上，且与托盘110间隔设置。此时，安装在托盘110上的多个支撑单元130则位于托盘110与上层托盘120之间。For example, referring to FIG. 1 , in an optional embodiment of the present application, the intraoral impression taking device 100 for a patient with maxillary bone defect includes a tray 110 and an upper tray 120. The upper tray 120 is disposed on the tray 110 and is spaced apart from the tray 110. At this time, a plurality of support units 130 mounted on the tray 110 are located between the tray 110 and the upper tray 120.
进一步可选地，上述的上层托盘120的体积小于托盘110的体积，根据上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的特点，选择将安装在托盘110之上的上层托盘120的体积设置为小于托盘110的体积，更加地符合上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的特点。Further optionally, the volume of the upper tray 120 is smaller than the volume of the tray 110. According to the characteristics of the defect wall of the patient with maxillary bone defect, the volume of the upper tray 120 installed on the tray 110 is set to be smaller than the volume of the tray 110, which is more in line with the characteristics of the defect wall of the patient with maxillary bone defect.
这种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100，通过设置上层托盘120，并在托盘110和上层托盘120上均设置支撑单元130，应用范围广，例如，即使是针对一些缺损腔较大或张口受限的患者，也能够适用。This intraoral impression making device 100 for patients with maxillary bone defects has a wide range of applications, by providing an upper tray 120 and providing a support unit 130 on both the tray 110 and the upper tray 120. For example, it can be applied even to patients with larger defect cavities or limited mouth opening.
需要说明的是，根据上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的缺损特点，也可以选择不设置上层托盘120，或者其他数量的上层托盘120。例如2个上层托盘120，当设置2个上层托盘120时，第一个上层托盘120位于托盘110的上方，第二个上层托盘120位于第一个上层托盘120的上方，且托盘110、第一个上层托盘120以及第二上层托盘120上均设置有多个支撑单元130。It should be noted that, according to the defect characteristics of the defect cavity wall of the maxillary bone defect patient, it is also possible to choose not to set the upper tray 120, or to use other numbers of upper trays 120. For example, two upper trays 120 are provided. When two upper trays 120 are provided, the first upper tray 120 is located above the tray 110, and the second upper tray 120 is located above the first upper tray 120, and the tray 110, the first upper tray 120, and the second upper tray 120 are all provided with a plurality of support units 130.
针对一些缺损腔较小的患者，可以仅采用托盘110，在托盘110上根据实际情况安装多个支撑单元130进行印模取模。For some patients with smaller defect cavities, only the tray 110 may be used, and a plurality of support units 130 may be installed on the tray 110 according to actual conditions for impression taking.
示例性地，参照图2，在本申请可选的实施例中，这种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100仅仅包括托盘110和支撑单元130，支撑单元130可拆卸地连接在托盘110上。使用时，上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的缺损特点选择支撑单元130的数量、形状以及在托盘110上的安装位置。2, in an optional embodiment of the present application, the intraoral impression taking device 100 for a maxillary bone defect patient only includes a tray 110 and a support unit 130, and the support unit 130 is detachably connected to the tray 110. When in use, the number and shape of the support unit 130 and the installation position on the tray 110 are selected according to the defect characteristics of the defect cavity wall of the maxillary bone defect patient.
进一步地，多个支撑单元130的形状不完全相同。通过将多个支撑单元130的形状设置为不完全相同，能够根据上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁内部不同的位置特点，选择安装不同形状的支撑单元130。Furthermore, the shapes of the plurality of support units 130 are not completely the same. By setting the shapes of the plurality of support units 130 to be not completely the same, support units 130 of different shapes can be selected and installed according to the different position characteristics inside the defect cavity wall of the maxillary defect patient.
进一步地，每一个支撑单元130均包括支撑柱131和多个材料固定结构132，多个材料固定结构132间隔设置在支撑柱131上。Furthermore, each supporting unit 130 includes a supporting column 131 and a plurality of material fixing structures 132 , and the plurality of material fixing structures 132 are arranged on the supporting column 131 at intervals.
进一步地，多个材料固定结构132的形状均呈伞状。Furthermore, the shapes of the plurality of material fixing structures 132 are all umbrella-shaped.
前述多个支撑单元130的形状不完全相同，不完全相同的地方在于伞状的材料固定结构132的形状不完全相同以及支撑柱131的高度不完全相同。The shapes of the aforementioned plurality of support units 130 are not completely the same, and the differences lie in that the shapes of the umbrella-shaped material fixing structures 132 are not completely the same and the heights of the support columns 131 are not completely the same.
示例性地，参照图3，图3示出了3种形状的支撑单元130，分别是窄径支撑单元133，宽径支撑单元134以及短支撑单元135。Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 shows three shapes of support units 130 , namely a narrow-diameter support unit 133 , a wide-diameter support unit 134 , and a short support unit 135 .
通过设置上述三种形状的支撑单元130，能够适应不同种类的上颌骨缺损，有利于扩大整个上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100的适用范围。By providing the support units 130 in the above three shapes, it is possible to adapt to different types of maxillary bone defects, which is beneficial to expanding the application scope of the intraoral impression making device 100 for patients with maxillary bone defects.
进一步地，通过将上述的材料固定结构132的形状选择设置为伞状，当印模材料在上颌骨缺损患者的缺损腔内凝固后，上述的多伞状的材料固定结构132像倒钩一样被包裹在固化的印模材料中，极大地增强了印模材料和托盘110以及上层托盘120的连接效果，有效解决了现有技术中印模取模时印模材料容易脱落的问题。Furthermore, by selecting the shape of the material fixing structure 132 to be an umbrella shape, when the impression material solidifies in the defect cavity of the patient with maxillary bone defect, the multi-umbrella-shaped material fixing structure 132 is wrapped in the solidified impression material like a barb, which greatly enhances the connection effect between the impression material and the tray 110 and the upper tray 120, and effectively solves the problem of easy falling off of the impression material during impression taking in the prior art.
目前，临床上主要采用蜡团作为伸入缺损腔的材料，为印模材料印模提供支撑。但是蜡团表面光滑，与印模材料的结合力差，且缺损腔形貌复杂，在缺损口下是更大的缺损腔隙，而印模材料强度差、流动性高，易出现印模材料与蜡团分离，以及印模材料流入组织倒凹，取出时出现倒凹里的印模材料撕裂而留在鼻咽腔中。以上的现象在临床上都是高度紧张的情况，因为口内颌骨缺损的病人黏性分泌物较多，撕裂的印模材料被黏液包裹很难取处，即使用探针勾到了也是小块的脱落，在无法用探针取出时立刻护送病人用喉镜取出。在取撕裂印模材料的过程中随时观察撕裂的印模材料有没有掉入呼吸道导致患者窒息。At present, wax balls are mainly used clinically as materials to be inserted into the defect cavity to provide support for the impression of the impression material. However, the surface of the wax ball is smooth, and the bonding force with the impression material is poor. In addition, the defect cavity has a complex morphology. There is a larger defect cavity below the defect mouth, and the impression material has poor strength and high fluidity. It is easy for the impression material to separate from the wax ball, and the impression material to flow into the tissue concave. When it is removed, the impression material in the concave is torn and remains in the nasopharyngeal cavity. The above phenomena are all highly tense situations in clinical practice, because patients with intraoral mandibular defects have a lot of viscous secretions, and the torn impression material is wrapped in mucus and difficult to remove. Even if it is hooked with a probe, it will fall off in small pieces. When it cannot be removed with a probe, the patient should be escorted immediately to remove it with a laryngoscope. In the process of removing the torn impression material, observe at any time whether the torn impression material has fallen into the respiratory tract and caused the patient to suffocate.
因此，本申请采用上述的支撑单元130来对印模材料在印模时提供支撑，替代了传统的蜡块，有效地降低了上述风险的发生，降低了上颌骨缺损患者口内印模取模操作的难度。Therefore, the present application adopts the above-mentioned support unit 130 to provide support for the impression material during impression, replacing the traditional wax block, effectively reducing the occurrence of the above-mentioned risks, and reducing the difficulty of the intraoral impression taking operation for patients with maxillary bone defects.
在本申请其他可选的实施例中，也可以将上述的材料固定结构132的形状设置为其他形状，例如倒三角等形状。In other optional embodiments of the present application, the shape of the material fixing structure 132 may also be set to other shapes, such as an inverted triangle.
进一步地，位于支撑柱131顶端的多个材料固定结构132的外表面均设置有柔性材料制成的接触部136。Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the plurality of material fixing structures 132 located at the top of the support column 131 are all provided with contact portions 136 made of flexible material.
印模材料印模时，在托盘110和上层托盘120上均装载了印模材料。因此，托盘110和上层托盘120上设置的支撑单元130均被包裹在固化的印模材料内部。When the impression material is used for impression, the impression material is loaded on both the tray 110 and the upper tray 120. Therefore, the support units 130 provided on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 are all wrapped in the cured impression material.
在托盘110和上层托盘120上装载印模材料之前，根据上颌骨缺损患者缺损腔壁的形状确定支撑单元130的形状、数量以及安装位置。当安装好支撑单元130后，进行尝试和取模，在尝试和取模时容易使原本就脆弱的缺损伤口再次受到创伤，出现伤口疼痛、出血。传统技术中，采用蜡块伸入缺损腔时，由于蜡块硬度较大，所以很容易对缺损腔壁造成创伤，增加患者的疼痛。Before loading the impression material on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120, the shape, quantity and installation position of the support unit 130 are determined according to the shape of the defect cavity wall of the maxillary defect patient. After the support unit 130 is installed, the trial and mold taking are performed, which can easily cause the originally fragile defect wound to be traumatized again during the trial and mold taking, causing wound pain and bleeding. In the traditional technology, when the wax block is inserted into the defect cavity, due to the high hardness of the wax block, it is easy to cause trauma to the defect cavity wall, increasing the patient's pain.
为了解决这一问题，将位于支撑柱131顶端的多个材料固定结构132的外表面均设置有柔性材料制成的接触部136。In order to solve this problem, the outer surfaces of the plurality of material fixing structures 132 located at the top of the support column 131 are all provided with contact portions 136 made of flexible material.
通过设置柔性材料制成的接触部136，能够最大程度地降低在尝试取模时触碰到缺损腔壁，对缺损腔壁的创伤，减小患者的疼痛。By providing the contact portion 136 made of a flexible material, it is possible to minimize the trauma to the defective cavity wall caused by touching the defective cavity wall when attempting to take a mold, thereby reducing the pain of the patient.
在本申请可选的实施例中，上述的柔性材料选择硅胶。In an optional embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned flexible material is selected from silicone.
在本申请其他可选的实施例中，上述的柔性材料也可以选择本领域其他可适用的缓冲柔性材料。In other optional embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned flexible material may also be selected from other applicable buffer flexible materials in the art.
进一步地，托盘110与上层托盘120上均设置有多个用于印模材料溢出的通孔。Furthermore, the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 are both provided with a plurality of through holes for the overflow of the impression material.
通过设置上述的通孔，在印模材料进行印模时，多余的印模材料能够从托盘110与上层托盘120上的通孔中流出，从而保证获得良好的印模效果。By providing the above-mentioned through holes, when the impression material is used for impression, the excess impression material can flow out from the through holes on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120, thereby ensuring a good impression effect.
进一步地，在托盘110和上层托盘120上设置通孔，也方便支撑单元130的安装。Furthermore, through holes are provided on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 , which also facilitates the installation of the support unit 130 .
在本申请可选的实施例中，支撑单元130连接在该通孔内。可选的，采用机械连接的方法进行连接。例如，在支撑单元130的支撑柱131的尾部设置有外螺纹，在托盘110与上层托盘120上的通孔中设置有内螺纹，支撑单元130以螺纹连接的方式装配在托盘110与上层托盘120上的通孔中。In an optional embodiment of the present application, the support unit 130 is connected in the through hole. Optionally, the connection is made by mechanical connection. For example, an external thread is provided at the tail of the support column 131 of the support unit 130, and an internal thread is provided in the through holes on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120, and the support unit 130 is assembled in the through holes on the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 in a threaded connection manner.
在本申请可选的实施例中，支撑单元130也可以采用其他的机械连接方式连接于托盘110与上层托盘120。例如，嵌套连接、卡扣连接等。In an optional embodiment of the present application, the support unit 130 may also be connected to the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 by other mechanical connection methods, such as nested connection, snap connection, etc.
通过将上述的支撑单元130与托盘110和上层托盘120采用机械连接的方式连接在一起，连接固定效果好。By mechanically connecting the support unit 130 , the tray 110 and the upper tray 120 , a good connection and fixing effect is achieved.
进一步地，托盘110和至少一个上层托盘120之间还设置有连接部，通过连接部能够将托盘110和至少一个上层托盘120连接在一起。Furthermore, a connecting portion is provided between the tray 110 and the at least one upper tray 120 , and the tray 110 and the at least one upper tray 120 can be connected together through the connecting portion.
进一步地，连接部包括多个磁性连接件141，多个磁性连接件141分别设置在多个支撑单元130上。Furthermore, the connection portion includes a plurality of magnetic connectors 141 , and the plurality of magnetic connectors 141 are respectively disposed on the plurality of support units 130 .
进一步地，上层托盘120由金属材料制成，因此能够与多个磁性连接件141磁性连接。Furthermore, the upper tray 120 is made of a metal material, and thus can be magnetically connected to the plurality of magnetic connectors 141 .
参照图1，下层的托盘110上设置的多个支撑单元130的顶端均连接有一个磁性连接件141，当进行印模取模时，上层托盘120位于支撑单元130的上方，并且在磁力的作用下，与托盘110上设置的多个支撑单元130磁性连接。1 , the top ends of the multiple support units 130 provided on the lower tray 110 are each connected to a magnetic connector 141. When taking a mold, the upper tray 120 is located above the support units 130 and is magnetically connected to the multiple support units 130 provided on the tray 110 under the action of magnetic force.
这种磁性连接的方式，容易拆卸。当印模结束，需要取模时，只需要施加竖直方向的力，就可以使得托盘110和上层托盘120分离。取模过程中不会发生水平位移，且脱位力适中，因此能够很容易地取出上下两个印模。This magnetic connection is easy to disassemble. When the impression is completed and the impression needs to be removed, only a vertical force needs to be applied to separate the tray 110 and the upper tray 120. No horizontal displacement occurs during the impression removal process, and the dislocation force is moderate, so the upper and lower impressions can be easily removed.
进一步地，上层托盘120的底部设置有取出部150。Furthermore, a take-out portion 150 is provided at the bottom of the upper tray 120 .
示例性地，参照图1，在上层托盘120上开设有凹部，取出部150安装在该凹部内，并伸出于上层托盘120的下表面，向靠近托盘110的方向延伸。从而当印模结束后，能够通过取出部150将上层托盘120取出。1 , a recess is provided on the upper tray 120, and the take-out portion 150 is installed in the recess and extends from the lower surface of the upper tray 120 toward the tray 110. Thus, after the mold is finished, the upper tray 120 can be taken out through the take-out portion 150.
进一步地，取出部150上套设有取出部保护帽151。Furthermore, a taking-out portion protection cap 151 is sleeved on the taking-out portion 150 .
通过在取出部150上设置取出部保护帽151，能够有效地防止取出部150损坏装载在托盘110上的印模材料。By providing the taking-out portion protection cap 151 on the taking-out portion 150 , it is possible to effectively prevent the taking-out portion 150 from damaging the stamp material loaded on the tray 110 .
进一步可选地，取出部150和取出部保护帽151通过机械连接的方式连接在一起，可选地，取出部150上设置有外螺纹，取出部保护帽151内设置有内螺纹，取出部保护帽151与取出部150螺纹连接。Further optionally, the removal part 150 and the removal part protection cap 151 are connected together by mechanical connection. Optionally, an external thread is provided on the removal part 150 and an internal thread is provided in the removal part protection cap 151. The removal part protection cap 151 is threadedly connected to the removal part 150.
采用螺纹连接的方式在取出部150的外部设置取出部保护帽151，不仅能够有效地防止取出部150损坏印模材料，而且安装拆卸方便。The removal part protection cap 151 is arranged on the outside of the removal part 150 in a threaded connection manner, which can not only effectively prevent the removal part 150 from damaging the impression material, but also facilitate installation and disassembly.
在本申请其他可选的实施例中，上述的取出部150也可以选择其他机械连接方式连接于取出部保护帽151。In other optional embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned removal portion 150 can also be connected to the removal portion protection cap 151 by other mechanical connection methods.
进一步地，进行印模时，至少一个上层托盘120的周边均包裹有可塑性的硅橡胶材料。Furthermore, when performing the impression, the periphery of at least one upper tray 120 is wrapped with a plastic silicone rubber material.
示例性地，参照图1，当该上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100包括托盘110和一个上层托盘120时，印模时，上层托盘120的周边均包裹有可塑性的硅橡胶材料。Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 1 , when the intraoral impression taking device 100 for a patient with maxillary bone defect includes a tray 110 and an upper tray 120 , during the impression, the periphery of the upper tray 120 is wrapped with a plastic silicone rubber material.
通过在上层托盘120的周边包裹可塑性的硅橡胶材料，能够将上层托盘120上的印模材料和下层托盘110上的印模材料分隔，使得上层托盘120上的印模材料和下层托盘110上的印模材料分布形成独立的固化印模，便于后续分别取出两个固定印模。By wrapping plastic silicone rubber material around the upper tray 120, the impression material on the upper tray 120 and the impression material on the lower tray 110 can be separated, so that the impression material on the upper tray 120 and the impression material on the lower tray 110 are distributed to form independent solidified impressions, which is convenient for removing the two fixed impressions separately later.
进一步地，包裹在上层托盘120周边的塑性的硅橡胶材料也是一种印模材料，可以取到上层托盘120上的印模材料和下层托盘110上的印模材料中间的组织形态。Furthermore, the plastic silicone rubber material wrapped around the upper tray 120 is also a kind of impression material, which can obtain the tissue morphology between the impression material on the upper tray 120 and the impression material on the lower tray 110.
需要说明的是，上层托盘120上的印模材料和下层托盘110上的印模材料均可以选择藻酸盐印模材料。It should be noted that both the impression material on the upper tray 120 and the impression material on the lower tray 110 can be alginate impression material.
进一步地，塑性的硅橡胶材料的流动性比藻酸盐印模材料低，固化变硬后，有一定的承载能力，因此能够有效地起到分隔上下层藻酸盐印模材料的作用。Furthermore, the fluidity of the plastic silicone rubber material is lower than that of the alginate impression material. After solidification and hardening, it has a certain load-bearing capacity, and thus can effectively play the role of separating the upper and lower layers of alginate impression material.
在本申请其他可选的实施例中，也可以选择本领域其他常见的印模材料，可选地，包裹在上层托盘120周边的塑性印模材料的流动性小于上层托盘120上的印模材料和下层托盘110上的印模材料。In other optional embodiments of the present application, other common impression materials in the art may also be selected. Optionally, the fluidity of the plastic impression material wrapped around the upper tray 120 is lower than that of the impression material on the upper tray 120 and the impression material on the lower tray 110 .
进一步地，通过在上层托盘120的周边包裹可塑性的硅橡胶材料，能够包裹住上层托盘120，避免上层托盘120触碰到缺损腔壁。Furthermore, by wrapping the plastic silicone rubber material around the upper tray 120, the upper tray 120 can be wrapped to prevent the upper tray 120 from touching the defective cavity wall.
本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件。Some embodiments of the present application also provide an intraoral impression preparation component for a patient with a maxillary bone defect.
该上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取组件包括如前述实施例提供的上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100以及取出器160。The intraoral impression making component for a patient with a maxillary bone defect comprises the intraoral impression making device 100 for a patient with a maxillary bone defect and an extractor 160 as provided in the aforementioned embodiment.
进一步地，取出器160能够安装在取出部150上，当印模结束后，将取出器160安装在取出部150上，以取出至少一个上层托盘120。Furthermore, the extractor 160 can be installed on the extracting portion 150 . After the mold is finished, the extractor 160 is installed on the extracting portion 150 to extract at least one upper tray 120 .
进一步地，参照图4，取出器160包括取出指环161、转动关节162以及取出部连接帽163。Further, referring to FIG. 4 , the extractor 160 includes a removing finger ring 161 , a rotating joint 162 , and a removing portion connecting cap 163 .
取出指环161通过转动关节162连接于取出部连接帽163。取出部连接帽163与取出部150相互匹配，取出部连接帽163能够套设在取出部150上。取出指环161通过转动关节162转动连接于取出部连接帽163，使得取出指环161能够相对取出部连接帽163折叠、转动。从而方便将上层托盘120拉出颌骨缺损腔。The removal finger ring 161 is connected to the removal part connection cap 163 through the rotating joint 162. The removal part connection cap 163 matches the removal part 150, and the removal part connection cap 163 can be sleeved on the removal part 150. The removal finger ring 161 is rotationally connected to the removal part connection cap 163 through the rotating joint 162, so that the removal finger ring 161 can be folded and rotated relative to the removal part connection cap 163. This facilitates pulling the upper tray 120 out of the jaw defect cavity.
结合图1-5，取模过程为：选取尺寸适合患者颌骨缺损腔的托盘110、下层支撑单元130以及上层托盘120、上层支撑单元130，两两分别组装好备用，将取出部保护帽151旋于取出部150表面备用。取模时在上层托盘120边缘放置硅橡胶，在此平面上装载藻酸盐印模材料，在缺损腔上部放入上层托盘复合体(上层托盘120+上层支撑单元130+取出部保护帽151+硅橡胶+藻酸盐印模材料)。放置上层结构完毕后置入装载藻酸盐印模材料的下部结构(托盘110+下层支撑单元130)，轻微加压，使多余的材料溢出。In conjunction with Figures 1-5, the process of taking the mold is as follows: select a tray 110, a lower support unit 130, an upper tray 120, and an upper support unit 130 of a size suitable for the patient's jaw defect cavity, assemble them in pairs and set them aside, and screw the removal part protection cap 151 on the surface of the removal part 150 for use. When taking the mold, place silicone rubber on the edge of the upper tray 120, load the alginate impression material on this plane, and place the upper tray complex (upper tray 120 + upper support unit 130 + removal part protection cap 151 + silicone rubber + alginate impression material) on the upper part of the defect cavity. After the upper structure is placed, place the lower structure (tray 110 + lower support unit 130) loaded with the alginate impression material, and apply slight pressure to make the excess material overflow.
待印模材料凝固后先取出下层结构(外力破坏磁力)，旋下取出部保护帽151，替换为上层托盘取出器160，通过取出指环161取出上层印模。取出后再将取出部保护帽151替换上层托盘取出器160，将上部印模复位到下部印模中，形成颌骨缺损部位的完整印模。After the impression material solidifies, the lower structure is first removed (external force destroys the magnetic force), the removal part protection cap 151 is unscrewed, and replaced with the upper tray remover 160, and the upper impression is removed by removing the finger ring 161. After removal, the removal part protection cap 151 is replaced with the upper tray remover 160, and the upper impression is reset to the lower impression to form a complete impression of the jaw defect.
在本申请其他可选的实施例中，当上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100仅仅包括托盘110时，取模过程为：选取尺寸适合患者颌骨缺损腔的托盘110及支撑单元130，根据缺损腔位置确定好支撑单元130的形状、数目和位置，在托盘110上加载藻酸盐印模材料，置入口内，待印模材料凝固后取出即可。In other optional embodiments of the present application, when the intraoral impression taking device 100 for a patient with maxillary bone defect only includes a tray 110, the impression taking process is as follows: select a tray 110 and a support unit 130 whose sizes are suitable for the patient's mandibular defect cavity, determine the shape, number and position of the support unit 130 according to the position of the defect cavity, load alginate impression material on the tray 110, place it in the mouth, and take it out after the impression material solidifies.
本申请提供的这种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置100，将传统的颌骨缺损腔印模制取时使用的蜡团整体支撑分解为多个独立的微固定支撑单元，支撑单元伸入颌骨缺损腔，起到支撑流动印模材料的作用。利用支撑单元使托盘适合上颌骨缺损后缺损腔与未缺损组织的空间落差。The device 100 for making an intraoral impression of a maxillary defect patient provided by the present application decomposes the wax ball integral support used in the conventional jaw defect cavity impression making into a plurality of independent micro-fixed support units, and the support units extend into the jaw defect cavity to support the flowable impression material. The support units are used to make the tray fit the spatial difference between the defect cavity and the non-defective tissue after the maxillary defect.
此种设计保留了初次上层托盘和托盘就位的位置信息，只需要微调与缺损腔边缘接触的个别支撑单元即可实现二次精准复位。并且不同形状、高度的可选支撑单元为支撑单元整体在缺损腔的二次精准对接及适合性提供了全面的策略支持。This design retains the position information of the initial upper tray and tray placement, and only requires fine-tuning of the individual support units in contact with the edge of the defect cavity to achieve secondary precise repositioning. In addition, the optional support units of different shapes and heights provide comprehensive strategic support for the secondary precise docking and suitability of the support unit as a whole in the defect cavity.
支撑单元外部接触缺损腔的部分为硬度满足支撑藻酸盐材料的柔性材料，具有一定的弹性缓冲能力，即使首次试上层托盘或者藻酸盐印模制取时支撑单元的边缘触碰到缺损腔引起的损伤和不适也较硬固的蜡团低很多，可减轻患者的损伤。The outer part of the support unit that contacts the defect cavity is made of a flexible material with a hardness sufficient to support the alginate material and has a certain elastic buffering capacity. Even when the edge of the support unit touches the defect cavity when trying the upper tray or taking the alginate impression for the first time, the damage and discomfort caused are much lower than that of the hard wax ball, which can reduce the patient's damage.
每个支撑单元具有多个伞状叠加的固位结构，加大了上层托盘与印模材料的接触面积并增加了机械固位结构，能够有效的固定流动的藻酸盐印模材料，降低印模材料与上层托盘整体脱落的概率，提高颌骨缺损患者印模制取的安全性。Each support unit has multiple umbrella-shaped overlapping retention structures, which increase the contact area between the upper tray and the impression material and increase the mechanical retention structure. It can effectively fix the flowing alginate impression material, reduce the probability of the impression material and the upper tray falling off as a whole, and improve the safety of impression taking for patients with mandibular defects.
支撑单元底部与上层托盘间的连接为机械旋转固定，固位效果可靠。The connection between the bottom of the support unit and the upper tray is mechanically rotated and fixed, and the retention effect is reliable.
本申请提供的这种上颌骨缺损患者口内印模制取装置对于开口受限或颌骨缺损过大的患者也是适用的。通过设置上层托盘，将印模高度分为多个部分，分别取出。并针对上下层藻酸盐印模的衔接部位通过上部上层托盘周边的硅橡胶材料完善隔离，在保证衔接处取模精度的同时方便上下层藻酸盐印模材料的分离；固化后硅橡胶不易变形，起到支撑作用并实现取模结束后的上下层印模的精准复位。在细节上，上下层复合体通过磁性顶盘连接，既保证了上下层复合体的衔接力，又可在一定力量下破坏磁力脱离，磁性方式可实现在不发生水平位移的情况下完成上下层印模的分离，避免水平移动造成的印模破坏。The intraoral impression making device for patients with maxillary defects provided by the present application is also applicable to patients with limited opening or large jaw defects. By setting an upper tray, the impression height is divided into multiple parts and taken out separately. The connection parts of the upper and lower alginate impressions are isolated by the silicone rubber material around the upper tray, which facilitates the separation of the upper and lower alginate impression materials while ensuring the mold taking accuracy at the connection; the silicone rubber is not easy to deform after curing, plays a supporting role and realizes the accurate resetting of the upper and lower impressions after the mold taking is completed. In terms of details, the upper and lower composites are connected by a magnetic top plate, which not only ensures the connection force of the upper and lower composites, but also destroys the magnetic separation under a certain force. The magnetic method can realize the separation of the upper and lower impressions without horizontal displacement, avoiding the destruction of the impression caused by horizontal movement.
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910193116.4ACN109745132B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | Intraoral impression making device and intraoral impression making assembly for patient with maxillary defect |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910193116.4ACN109745132B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | Intraoral impression making device and intraoral impression making assembly for patient with maxillary defect |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109745132A CN109745132A (en) | 2019-05-14 |
| CN109745132Btrue CN109745132B (en) | 2024-10-29 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910193116.4AActiveCN109745132B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | Intraoral impression making device and intraoral impression making assembly for patient with maxillary defect |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109745132B (en) |
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