CN109700500B - A self-stopping skull drill - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本申请公开了脑外科手术器械技术领域的一种自停式颅骨钻，包括外壳、螺母和顶板，螺母通过连接杆固定在外壳的内壁，外壳的壳体内设有吸粉通道，外壳的内壁固定有活塞和从动盘，外壳内设有支撑杆，活塞内的活塞杆固定在支撑杆上，活塞与吸粉通道连通，支撑杆固定有电机，电机的输出轴与螺母螺纹连接，输出轴固定有转动盘，转动盘内设有凹槽，凹槽与顶板之间设有第一气囊；顶板与凹槽啮合，顶板的底部设有顶杆，顶杆上设有卡槽；外壳的内壁螺纹连接有从动盘，从动盘上固定有套筒，套筒内设有卡块从动盘底部设有第二气囊，第二气囊与第一气囊连通，从动盘底部设有钻头。本方案解决了现有电钻不能自停以及骨粉到处飞扬的问题。

The application discloses a self-stopping skull drill in the technical field of brain surgery instruments, comprising a casing, a nut and a top plate, the nut is fixed on the inner wall of the casing through a connecting rod, a powder suction channel is arranged in the casing of the casing, and the inner wall of the casing is fixed There is a piston and a driven disc, a support rod is arranged in the casing, the piston rod in the piston is fixed on the support rod, the piston is connected with the powder suction channel, the support rod is fixed with a motor, the output shaft of the motor is threadedly connected with the nut, and the output shaft is fixed There is a rotating plate, a groove is arranged in the rotating plate, and a first air bag is arranged between the groove and the top plate; the top plate is engaged with the groove, the bottom of the top plate is provided with a top rod, and the top rod is provided with a clamping groove; the inner wall of the shell is threaded A driven disc is connected, a sleeve is fixed on the driven disc, a clamping block is arranged in the sleeve, a second airbag is arranged at the bottom of the driven disc, the second airbag is communicated with the first airbag, and a drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the driven disc. The solution solves the problems that the existing electric drill cannot stop automatically and the bone powder is flying everywhere.

Description

Self-stop skull drill

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of brain surgery surgical instruments, in particular to an automatic stop type skull drill.

Background

When a medical worker opens a skull by an electric drill, the drill bit is usually directly aligned to the skull of a patient to drill a hole, the medical worker can open the skull automatically and stop according to the past experience, and the drill bit can not be guaranteed to be drilled to a proper position in the process of craniotomy, the conventional method easily causes high tension of the medical worker and physical fatigue, the traditional electric drill is lack of an automatic stop function in the process of craniotomy, bone powder generated in the cutting process can fly everywhere when the drill bit works, meanwhile, the drill bit can be heated up due to long-time work of the drill bit, tissues such as cerebral cortex and the like can be damaged, secondary damage can be caused to the body of the patient, and in the past, the work difficulty of the medical worker is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic stop type skull drill, and aims to solve the problems that an existing electric drill cannot automatically stop rotating after drilling through a skull and bone powder can fly everywhere in the process of drilling through the skull.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic stop type skull drill comprises a shell, a nut and a top plate, wherein the nut is fixed on the inner wall of the shell through a connecting rod, a powder suction channel is arranged in the shell of the shell, the inner wall of the shell is also fixedly connected with an adjusting cylinder which is vertically arranged and is through in the axis direction, the top of the adjusting cylinder is communicated with the top of the powder suction channel, and a piston is connected in the adjusting cylinder in a sliding manner; the bottom of the piston is fixedly connected with a piston rod, a support rod is fixedly connected to the piston rod, a motor is fixed to the bottom of the support rod, an output shaft of the motor is in threaded connection with a nut, a rotating disc is fixed to one end, away from the motor, of the output shaft, a groove is formed in the lower surface of the rotating disc, teeth are distributed on the inner wall of the groove and the periphery of a top plate in a surrounding mode, the top plate is meshed with the groove, and a first air bag is arranged between the top of the groove and the top plate; the bottom of the top plate is provided with an ejector rod, and a clamping groove is formed in the ejector rod; the inner wall of the shell is further in threaded connection with a driven plate, a sleeve is fixed on the driven plate and is sleeved on the ejector rod in a sliding mode, a placing groove is horizontally formed in the inner wall of the sleeve, a first spring is fixedly connected in the placing groove, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a clamping block with an arc-shaped outer edge, the clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove, a second air bag used for containing high-pressure gas is arranged at the bottom of the driven plate, a switch is arranged at the air outlet end of the second air bag, an air channel is formed in the driven plate, and two ends of the air channel are respectively communicated with the first air bag and the second air bag; the hollow drill bit of bottom fixedly connected with of driven plate, be equipped with the contact lever in the drill bit, the contact lever run through the driven plate and with driven plate sliding connection, be equipped with the second spring between the top of contact lever and the driven plate, the second spring housing is established on the contact lever, the bottom of contact lever is equipped with the sucking disc, be equipped with the through-hole of horizontal setting on the contact lever, the both ends of through-hole will the air duct cuts and feeds through, the exit of inhaling the powder passageway is towards the head of drill bit.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the scheme is used, the switch of the second air bag is in an off state, the second air bag is communicated with the first air bag through a through hole transversely arranged in the contact rod, the contact rod is pulled down to abut against the skull to be drilled, so that the skull is sucked by a sucker on the contact rod, a second spring between the top end of the contact rod and the driven plate is compressed, the motor is started, the switch of the second air bag is opened, and at the moment, the contact rod moves downwards, so that the through hole is not communicated with the second air bag and the first air bag;

the motor drives the supporting rod to move downwards in the process that the output shaft rotates downwards, and then drives the piston to move downwards, negative pressure is formed at the outlet of the powder absorbing channel due to the fact that the powder absorbing channel is communicated with the adjusting cylinder, and bone powder in the drilling process enters the powder absorbing channel, so that environmental pollution caused by the fact that the bone powder flies everywhere in the operation process is prevented, meanwhile, circulation of air is enhanced, the drill bit can be cooled, and secondary damage to the drill bit is avoided,

the output shaft drives the rotating disc to move downwards in the rotating and downward process, when a groove in the rotating disc contacts the top plate and is meshed with the top plate, the rotating disc and the top plate synchronously start to rotate, at the moment, the clamping groove in the ejector rod and the clamping block in the sleeve are clamped together, the first spring is compressed, so that the torque of the ejector rod is transmitted to the sleeve through the clamping block and further transmitted to the driven disc, the driven disc is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the shell, the driven disc starts to rotate, finally, a drill bit under the driven disc is driven to start to rotate and start to enter a skull, when the drill bit just drills through the skull, the skull sucked by the suction disc can slide upwards together with the contact rod under the action of the second spring, the through hole can re-communicate the second air bag and the first air bag, gas in the second air bag can enter the first air bag, the first air bag expands to completely eject the top plate out of the, simultaneously, the ejector rod moves downwards, so that the clamping block is not clamped with the clamping groove any more, the torque on the ejector rod cannot be transmitted to the sleeve, the driven disc stops rotating, and the drill bit is not rotated any more.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the main principle of this scheme mainly utilizes the clutch realizes the stop motion of drill bit, pulls the piston in the rotation simultaneously for inhale whitewashed passageway with the piston intercommunication and form the negative pressure, collect the bone meal of operation in-process.

The optimization of the basic technical scheme is as follows:

further, the diameter of the powder suction passage becomes smaller at the outlet. This helps to create a greater negative pressure.

Furthermore, the top plate, the ejector rod, the driven plate and the contact rod are all made of light materials. Therefore, the impact which the dura mater may receive after the skull is drilled through can be reduced, and simultaneously, the weight born by the hands of a doctor during operation can also be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-stop cranial drill according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises ashell 1, a piston 2, a powder sucking channel 3, a supporting rod 4, amotor 5, a rotatingdisc 6, ahose 7, atop plate 8, apush rod 9, asuction cup 10, adrill bit 11, acontact rod 12, asecond air bag 13, a drivendisc 14, a first air bag 15, a connecting rod 16, anut 17, afirst spring 18, asleeve 19, asecond spring 20, aclamping block 21 and abaffle 22.

The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the self-stop skull drill comprises ashell 1, anut 17 and atop plate 8, wherein thenut 17 is fixed on the inner wall of theshell 1 through a connecting rod 16, a powder suction channel 3 is arranged in the shell of theshell 1, the inner wall of theshell 1 is also fixedly connected with a vertically arranged adjusting cylinder which is through in the axial direction, the top of the adjusting cylinder is communicated with the top of the powder suction channel 3, and a piston 2 is connected in the adjusting cylinder in a sliding manner; the bottom of the piston 2 is fixedly connected with a piston 2 rod, a supporting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the piston 2 rod, amotor 5 is fixed to the bottom of the supporting rod 4, an output shaft of themotor 5 is in threaded connection with anut 17, a rotatingdisc 6 is fixed to one end, away from themotor 5, of the output shaft, a groove is formed in the lower surface of the rotatingdisc 6, teeth are distributed on the inner wall of the groove and the periphery of thetop plate 8 in a surrounding mode, thetop plate 8 is meshed with the groove, and a first air bag 15 is arranged between the top of the groove and; the bottom of thetop plate 8 is provided with atop rod 9, and thetop rod 9 is provided with a clamping groove; the inner wall of theshell 1 is further in threaded connection with a drivenplate 14, asleeve 19 is fixed on the drivenplate 14, thesleeve 19 is sleeved on theejector rod 9 in a sliding mode, a placing groove is horizontally formed in the inner wall of thesleeve 19, afirst spring 18 is fixedly connected in the placing groove, afixture block 21 with an arc-shaped outer edge is fixedly connected to the other end of thefirst spring 18, namely the contact part of thefixture block 21 and the fixture groove is in an arc shape, thefixture block 21 is clamped in the fixture groove, abaffle 22 is arranged between theejector rod 9 and thecontact rod 12 and fixed in thesleeve 19, asecond air bag 13 used for containing high-pressure air is arranged at the bottom of the drivenplate 14, a switch is arranged at the air outlet end of thesecond air bag 13, an air channel is formed in the drivenplate 14, and two ends of the air channel; thehollow drill bit 11 of bottom fixedly connected with of drivenplate 14, be equipped withcontact lever 12 in thedrill bit 11,contact lever 12 runs through drivenplate 14 and with drivenplate 14 sliding connection, be equipped withsecond spring 20 between the top ofcontact lever 12 and the drivenplate 14,second spring 20 cover is established oncontact lever 12, the bottom ofcontact lever 12 is equipped with suckingdisc 10, be equipped with a plurality of little suction nozzles that are used for sucking the skull on the suckingdisc 10, be equipped with the through-hole of horizontal setting on thecontact lever 12, the both ends of through-hole cut the air duct and communicate, the exit of inhaling powder passageway 3 is towards the head ofdrill bit 11.

The specific implementation process is as follows: when the scheme is used, the switch of thesecond air bag 13 is in a closed state, thesecond air bag 13 is communicated with the first air bag 15 through a through hole transversely arranged in thecontact rod 12, thecontact rod 12 is pulled down to abut against the skull to be drilled, so that the skull is sucked by thesucker 10 on thecontact rod 12, thesecond spring 20 between the top end of thecontact rod 12 and the driven disc is compressed at the moment, themotor 5 is started, the switch of thesecond air bag 13 is opened at the same time, and at the moment, thecontact rod 12 moves downwards, so that thesecond air bag 13 and the first air bag 15 are not communicated through the through hole;

because the shell of theshell 1 is internally provided with the powder suction channel 3, the inner wall of theshell 1 is fixedly provided with the top of an adjusting cylinder which is vertically arranged and has a through axis direction, the top of the adjusting cylinder is communicated with the top of the powder suction channel 3, and the adjusting cylinder is internally connected with a piston 2 in a sliding way; the bottom of the piston 2 is fixedly connected with a piston rod, the piston rod is fixedly connected with a support rod 4, the support rod 4 is fixedly connected with amotor 5, the output shaft of themotor 5 is in threaded connection with anut 17 fixed on the inner wall of theshell 1, so that themotor 5 can drive the support rod 4 to move downwards in the downward rotating process of the output shaft, and further drive the piston 2 to move downwards, negative pressure can be formed at the outlet of the powder suction channel 3, bone powder in the drilling process can enter the powder suction channel 3, environmental pollution caused by the bone powder flying everywhere in the operation process is prevented, air circulation is enhanced, thedrill bit 11 can be cooled, and secondary damage caused by thedrill bit 11 is avoided,

the output shaft drives the rotatingdisc 6 to move downwards in the process of rotating downwards, when a groove in the rotatingdisc 6 contacts thetop plate 8 and is meshed with thetop plate 8, the rotatingdisc 6 and thetop plate 8 synchronously start to rotate, at the moment, a clamping groove in theejector rod 9 is clamped with aclamping block 21 in asleeve 19, thefirst spring 18 is compressed, so that the moment of theejector rod 9 is transmitted to thesleeve 19 through theclamping block 21 and further transmitted to the driven disc, the driven disc is in threaded connection with the inner wall of theshell 1, so that the driven disc starts to rotate, thedrill bit 11 below the driven disc is finally driven to start to rotate and start to enter a skull, when thedrill bit 11 just penetrates the skull, the skull sucked by thesuction cup 10 slides upwards together with thecontact rod 12 under the action of thesecond spring 20, the through hole is communicated with thesecond air bag 13 and the first air bag 15 again, and the gas in thesecond air bag 13 enters the first air bag 15, the height of the first air bag 15 when the first air bag 15 is completely expanded is consistent with the depth of the groove, the first air bag 15 is expanded to completely eject thetop plate 8 out of the groove when high-pressure gas in thesecond air bag 13 enters the first air bag 15, theejector rod 9 moves downwards at the same time, theclamping block 21 is not in clamping connection with the clamping groove any more, even if the rotatingdisc 6 is still downwards screwed, thetop plate 8 can be continuously meshed with the groove, theclamping block 21 and the clamping groove are not clamped any more, so that the moment on theejector rod 9 can not be transmitted to thesleeve 19 all the time, thebaffle plate 22 between theejector rod 9 and thecontact rod 12 is fixed in thesleeve 19, theejector rod 9 can be prevented from impacting thecontact rod 12, thecontact rod 12 can hurt the human body, the driven disc is in threaded connection with the inner wall of theshell 1, so that the driven disc can stop rotating, thedrill bit 11 can not rotate any more, and, the injury of thedrill bit 11 to the dura mater is avoided, and when the doctor finds that thedrill bit 11 does not rotate any more, themotor 5 can be switched off.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种自停式颅骨钻，包括外壳、螺母和顶板，所述螺母通过连接杆固定在外壳的内壁上，所述外壳的壳体内设有吸粉通道，所述外壳的内壁上还固定连接有竖直设置且轴线方向贯通的调节筒，调节筒的顶部与吸粉通道的顶部连通，其特征在于：调节筒内滑动连接有活塞；活塞的底部固定连接有活塞杆，活塞杆上固定连接有支撑杆，所述支撑杆的底部固定有电机，所述电机的输出轴与螺母螺纹连接，所述输出轴远离电机的一端固定有转动盘，所述转动盘的下表面设有凹槽，所述凹槽的内壁和顶板的外周均环布有齿牙，所述顶板与凹槽啮合，所述凹槽的顶部与顶板之间设有第一气囊；所述顶板的底部设有顶杆，所述顶杆上设有卡槽；所述外壳的内壁还螺纹连接有从动盘，所述从动盘上固定有套筒，套筒滑动套接在顶杆上，套筒的内壁水平设有安置槽，安置槽内固定连接有第一弹簧，第一弹簧的另一端固定连接有外缘为圆弧的卡块，卡块卡接在所述卡槽内，所述从动盘的底部设有用于装高压气体的第二气囊，第二气囊的出气端设有开关，所述从动盘内设有通气道，通气道的两端分别连通第一气囊和第二气囊；所述从动盘的底部固定连接有空心的钻头，所述钻头内设有接触杆，所述接触杆贯穿从动盘且与从动盘滑动连接，所述接触杆的顶端与从动盘之间设有第二弹簧，所述第二弹簧套设在接触杆上，所述接触杆的底端设有吸盘，所述接触杆上设有横向设置的通孔，所述通孔的两端将所述通气道截断并连通，所述吸粉通道的出口处朝向钻头的头部。1. A self-stopping skull drill comprises an outer casing, a nut and a top plate, the nut is fixed on the inner wall of the outer casing by a connecting rod, a powder suction channel is provided in the casing of the outer casing, and the inner wall of the outer casing is also fixed. A vertically arranged adjusting cylinder is connected with the axial direction passing through, and the top of the adjusting cylinder is communicated with the top of the powder suction channel. It is characterized in that: a piston is slidably connected in the adjusting cylinder; A support rod is connected, the bottom of the support rod is fixed with a motor, the output shaft of the motor is threadedly connected with the nut, and the end of the output shaft away from the motor is fixed with a rotating disk, and the lower surface of the rotating disk is provided with a groove , the inner wall of the groove and the outer circumference of the top plate are surrounded by teeth, the top plate is engaged with the groove, and a first air bag is arranged between the top of the groove and the top plate; the bottom of the top plate is provided with a top plate The push rod is provided with a slot; the inner wall of the casing is also threadedly connected with a driven disc, a sleeve is fixed on the driven disc, the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the push rod, and the inner wall of the sleeve is A settling groove is horizontally provided, a first spring is fixedly connected in the settling groove, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a clamping block whose outer edge is an arc, the clamping block is clamped in the clamping groove, and the driven plate is The bottom of the airbag is provided with a second airbag for holding high-pressure gas, the outlet end of the second airbag is provided with a switch, the driven disc is provided with an air passage, and the two ends of the air passage are respectively connected to the first airbag and the second airbag; A hollow drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven disk, and a contact rod is arranged in the drill bit. The contact rod penetrates the driven disk and is slidably connected to the driven disk. A second spring is provided, the second spring is sleeved on the contact rod, the bottom end of the contact rod is provided with a suction cup, the contact rod is provided with a transversely arranged through hole, and the two ends of the through hole The air passage is cut off and communicated, and the outlet of the powder suction passage faces the head of the drill bit.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自停式颅骨钻，其特征在于：所述吸粉通道的直径在出口处变小。2 . The self-stopping skull drill according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the powder suction channel becomes smaller at the outlet. 3 .3.根据权利要求2所述的一种自停式颅骨钻，其特征在于：所述顶板、顶杆、从动盘和接触杆均采用质量轻的材质制成。3 . The self-stopping skull drill according to claim 2 , wherein the top plate, the ejector rod, the driven disc and the contact rod are all made of light-weight materials. 4 .

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