Bridge technology status assessment method based on two kinds of performance statesTechnical field
The present invention relates to the evaluations of bridge technology situation, more particularly, to a kind of bridge technology based on two kinds of performance statesStatus assessment method.
Background technique
As the volume of traffic is growing, the bridge operation time increases, and overloaded vehicle is increasing, a large amount of highway bridge knotStructure can't bear the heavy load and various diseases occurs.Therefore, scientifically and rationally the technology status of existing bridge is evaluated, and then adoptedEffective maintenance and reinforcement measure is taken, it is most important to raising bridge service quality and service life.
The country evaluates existing highway and Urban Bridge technology status at present, is mainly based on " highway bridge skillArt status assessment standard " (H21-2011 JTG/T) (being referred to as " current specifications " below) provide method.However, existingAlthough deliberated index segment and proposed quantitative criteria by specification, still there are some shortcomings in standard application process,Many scholars are studied and have been corrected to the method in current specifications thus, and achieve certain achievement.Gao Zhiwei, Huang QiaoDeng proposing the appraisal procedure based on degree analyzing theory to the former highway bridge in city, this method is tested using mental measurementWith the quantitative description research assessment scale and deduction of points value of qualitative question, the weight of defect component and component is determined, introduce bridge and lackDamage obtains defect finally deduction of points value using function effect coefficient and defect development and change situation correction factor to structure, finally, knotClose the technology status scoring that stratified calculation method calculates each component and full-bridge.Gao Zhibo is pointed out due to meter different in current specificationsCalculation sequence will lead to the same component and obtain different calculated result, thus propose two kinds of new calculation methods: regulation calculatesSequence and rule of thumb formula calculate, and have carried out case verification to empirical formula method；The result shows that empirical formula method can be compared withWell solves the problems, such as specification in due to computation sequence difference caused by.Horse novelty equally propose specification in calculated result by componentThe problem of scoring sequence of disease influences, and propose two kinds of improved methods: the computation sequence and take portion that regulation disease scoresThe calculation method of part disease weight.Wang Zonglin thinks that each component Testing index deduction of points value is bigger than normal in current specifications, equally proposesTwo kinds of revision methods: method 1 is to reduce each Testing index deduction of points value and modified computing formulae, and pass through case verification institute moving partyThe reasonability of case；Method 2 is to obtain new disease deduction of points table, and by case history and specification by largely combining calculatingCalculation method demonstrate the reasonability of new deduction of points table.The integrated application of week side analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Group Decision Method, establish pre-The technology state evaluating model of prestressed concrete beam bridge proposes deduction of points value coefficient and new deduction of points value, improves technology statusEvaluation result.
In conclusion current specifications method has obvious shortcoming, the amendment for keeping bridge technology status assessment result not unique, currentMethod is concentrated mainly on two aspects of adjustment deduction of points value and regulation disease computation sequence.From the point of view of actual effect, due to the twoAspect all has very big subjectivity, lacks enough theory supports, it doesn't solve the problem fundamentally.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for defect present in above-mentioned assessment method, provide it is a kind of based on bridge structure justIt is often used the bridge technology status assessment method with durability two states.
To achieve the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
Bridge technology status assessment method of the present invention based on two kinds of performance states, including following specific steps:
The first step is based on bridge normal use and durability state, carries out bridge defect classification, determines to include destination layer A, centreLayer B, middle layer C, middle layer D, five levels of indicator layer E bridge technology status assessment Analytic Hierarchy Process Model；
Second step, Judgement Matricies A calculate the weighted value of middle layer B, middle layer C, middle layer D；
Third step, according to the regulation of current specifications (" Highway bridge technique status assessment standard " H21-2011 JTG/T), from EThe technology status scoring Dr of bridge is successively calculated to A layers for layer；
4th step carries out bridge class evaluation according to the bridge technology situation scoring Dr being calculated.
The middle layer B includes durability state B1 and normal operating condition B2.
The middle layer C includes bridge superstructure C1, bridge substructure C2, bridge deck based on durability stateC3, and bridge superstructure C4 and bridge substructure C5 based on normal operating condition.
The middle layer D includes bridge upper part bearing structure and general structure D1, support D2, bridge based on durability statePlatform D3, basis D4, aileron and ear wall D5, cone slope and slope protection D6, it riverbed D7, regulating structure D8, asphalt bridge deck D9, stretchesStitch device D10, pavement D11, railing and guardrail D12, waterproof and water drainage system D13, illumination and mark D14, and based on normally makingWith the upper part bearing structure and top general structure D15 of state, bridge pier D16, abutment D17, basis D18.
The present invention is based on the normal operating conditions of bridge's design (since load carrying capacity of bridge is impaired this means that bridgeBearing capacity evaluation, when Bridge State Assessment, can be included in normal operating condition category assessment by normal usage function decline), knotThe durability state that current Bridge Design considers is closed, different diseases are attributed to the influence factor of both states, to bridge diseaseEvil is classified, and determines the Damage Types for influencing bridge normal use and durability, and determine the grade and score value of disease, in conjunction withAnalytic hierarchy process (AHP) determines the weight and evaluation algorithms of each level subitem of appraisement system, to obtain reliable bridge overall technologyStatus assessment grade.
Compared with existing assessment method, the advantages of assessment method of the present invention, is embodied in the following:
1, two kinds of basic status of normal operating condition and durability of servicing bridges have been comprehensively considered.It is durable to bridge based on diseaseProperty and normal use performance the extent of injury, consider the influence of disease difference development degree of the same race, and with reference to the determination of existing specificationThe grade scale of bridge defect, reclassifies bridge defect；
2, existing bridge class assessment method can be overcome to consider that index is single, key parameter is determined to be affected etc. by subjectivity and be lackedPoint；
3, evaluation criteria is unified, and easy to operate, practicability is stronger, evaluation result influenced by subjective factor it is small, can quick and objectivelyRealize the ranking of bridge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is assessment method flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
More clear explanation is done to the present invention in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, in order to those skilled in the artUnderstanding.
Embodiment 1
Certain bridge on highway was begun to build in the spring in 1993, and the completion of the end of the year in 1994 is open to traffic.Designed driving speed 120km/h,Two-way four-lane.Bridge structure is using prefabricated concrete hollow slab girder, rubber support, armored concrete pillar pier, drillingBored concrete pile foundation.
Through detecting, disease existing for the bridge mainly has: the concrete scaling of abutment platform cap, steel bar corrosion, crack, girder are hollowBoard concrete peels off arrisdefect, steel bar corrosion, and muscle, crack are revealed in bent cap concrete scaling, and concrete falls off, infiltration is whitened, rubber branchSeat sets vibration, comes to nothing, is shear-deformable, pinner cracking, and column concrete occurs peeling off dew muscle, crack.
There are more serious disease is as follows: abutment platform cap steel bar corrosion, concrete surface have the crack along reinforcing bar direction；BridgePlatform platform cap has the Vertical Cracks of long 0.8m, width 0.1m；The pinner of rubber support cracks, and has 2 horizontal fractures, respectively long 0.42m,Wide 0.2mm and long 0.7m, width 1.5m, spacing 0.15m.
According to current specifications, determine that the bridge Major Diseases and scale value are as shown in table 1 below.
1 bridge Major Diseases of table and scale value
Embodiment 2
The present invention use based on two kinds of performance states (bridge normal use and durability) to the technology status of embodiment Bridge 1 beam intoRow evaluation, rate the process is as shown in Figure 1, specific steps are as follows:
The first step is based on bridge normal use and durability two states, carries out bridge defect classification, determines bridge technology situationEvaluate Analytic Hierarchy Process Model
Bridge defect is divided into two grades: when disease is rated as 1,2 by current specifications scale, the referred to as level-one of the diseaseState is denoted as disease1(such as crack1)；When disease is rated as 3,4,5 by current specifications scale, the referred to as second level shape of the diseaseState is denoted as disease2(such as crack2).Level-one state is included into the disease scope for influencing bridge durability, and second level state is included into influence bridgeThe disease scope of beam normal use.It is divided according to the disease of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and bridge, bridge technology status assessment system pointFor five destination layer (A), middle layer (B), middle layer (C), middle layer (D), indicator layer (E) levels, count main according to table 1Disease, finally determining bridge technology status assessment system is as shown in table 2.
2 bridge technology status assessment stratification of table
The middle-level division of table 2 and the classification of disease are based on the influence of the durability of bridge and normal use performance (bearing capacity)It influences, and the basic composition of combination bridge and each Testing index highest scale, the disease of same or similar scale is divided into oneClass solves evaluation result is influenced by disease computation sequence in previous methods defect (when carrying out E, D layers of calculating, eachEvery one kind disease calculates separately on component, avoids the problem of two kinds of diseases calculate sequencing on same component), while layerIt is secondary to be partitioned into step refining, improve the defect that deduction of points value is laid particular stress in current specifications.
Second step, Judgement Matricies A calculate the weighted value of middle layer B, middle layer C, middle layer D
1, construction judge battle array square: firstly the need of be familiar with bridge technology status evaluation expert reference scoring criteria to factor two-by-two intoRow marking, the matrix that expert obtains the marking of durability and normal use two indices is A:
。
2, the weight calculation of index: the present invention calculates the weight of index using root method, and steps are as follows for calculating:
A, it is each to calculate judgment matrixCapable product:
(1)
B. it calculatesN times root:
(2)
C. root vector is normalized:
According to formula, obtain weight vector(3)
Obtaining durability and normal use by formula (1) ~ (3) is respectively 0.33 He to the weight of bridge general technical situation0.67, therefore weighted value at all levels such as the following table 3.
The weight of 3 tetra- layers of index of A, B, C, D of table
。
Third step, the rule according to current specifications (" Highway bridge technique status assessment standard " H21-2011 JTG/T)It is fixed, the technology status scoring Dr of bridge is successively calculated from E layers to A layers
Calculating process is as follows:
1) current specifications is referred to, it is known that deduction of points value such as the following table 4 of E layers of each disease:
Each Testing index deduction of points value of 4 component of table
2) D layers of component are calculated due to the score value of E layers of harm influence with formula (4) and formula (5).
(4)
In formula,- superstructure (substructure/bridge deck)iThe score of base part l component；
- superstructure (substructure/bridge deck)iThe score of base part；
There is the species number for the index deducted points in k-the i-th base part l component；
U, the variable of x, y-introducing.
3) tri- layers of A, B, C can be calculated to the weight (table 3) of its upper layer index according to formula (6) ~ (7) and each layer indexScore value.
(6)
(7)
In formula:The scoring of-bridge superstructure (substructure/bridge deck) technology status.
N-component count
The technology status of-lasting hazard (normal use disease) scores.
The scoring of-bridge general technical situation.The weight of-each corresponding index, is shown in Table 3.
4)(8)
The technology status scoring of full-bridge is obtained according to formula (8)=89.59。
4th step carries out bridge class evaluation according to the bridge technology situation scoring Dr being calculated
According to current specifications, bridge class evaluation is carried out, see the table below 5.
5 bridge technology status classification boundary table of table
This bridge of final assessment is 2 class bridges.
The verifying of the assessment method of the present invention of embodiment 3
In order to verify the feasibility, reasonability of the method for the present invention, in addition to calculating bridge evaluation result according to the method for embodiment 2,It lists together according to current specifications and according to the calculated result for mitigating deduction of points value, as shown in table 6.
6 three kinds of bridge technology status assessment results of table
As can be seen from Table 6, the bridge technology situation grading system being calculated by three of the above method is identical, is all 2 classes.But the score value calculated according to current specifications is relatively low, the score value and the present invention for being worth new deduction of points value to calculate with reduction deduction of pointsThe result of method is close, and the score value obtained based on the method for the present invention generally can be worth new deduction of points value to calculate reducing deduction of pointsThe two sides of score value are fluctuated, this is because not only considering the position of disease based on the method for the present invention, but also also consider diseaseSeverity, it was demonstrated that the method for the present invention is effective and feasible.