Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present inventionIn attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is explicitly described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present inventionA part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not havingEvery other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Minery periphery can have a large amount of dust, and influence of the dust to vegetation is main are as follows: dust drops to vegetation surface, productDirect sunlight is influenced after tired, if dust chance is wet, one layer " shell " is formed in crop surface, will affect utilization of the vegetation to light,Photosynthetic efficiency is reduced, element also has certain influence on vegetation growth.And the influence of soil is shown to soil chemistry memberThe influence of element, pH value, voidage and ambient enviroment, wherein in calcium carbonate basic soil, the solubility two that can be utilizedValence iron is converted into insoluble trivalent iron salt and precipitates, root is prevented to cause soil iron deficiency or iron element that cannot be absorbed from absorbingIt utilizes, therefore influences the synthesis of chlorophyll, blade is made to become yellow green.In addition, since its alkalescent leads to vegetation root soilMiddle manganese, cobalt malabsorption, lead to vegetation iodine deficiency, and selenium deficiency ill feature occurs, indirectly hinders the photosynthesis of vegetation, shadowRing vegetation spectral features.
With the continuous development of remote sensing technology, using remote sensing technology means carry out the work of mine environment investigation compared withMore but relatively fewer always about mining area dust pollution remote sensing monitoring means research work, there is office in some traditional methodsIt is sex-limited with it is insufficient, the advantage for failing to give full play to remote sensing satellite data carries out mining area dust pollution and automatically extracts work.Using distantSense means environmental pollution carries out quantitative analysis, is one of method of Remote Sensing Study.In recent decades, the development of photoelectric technology makesVarious novel high spectral resolution spectrometers are come out one after another, make it possible remote sensing monitoring dust pollution.
Currently, the research of vegetation EO-1 hyperion is available by the estimation of the biochemical composition content to different types vegetationMore detailed vegetation ecology information, including leaf moisture, chlorophyll, cellulose, wooden number and other pigment contents andLeaf and Crown Structure etc. especially can get the information of related vegetation ecological stress to the monitoring of " red side " displacement.
Based on this, for the lower problem of efficiency existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of mineryPeriphery dust influences evaluation method.This method comprehensively utilizes 3S technology, in conjunction with the theoretical knowledge of the subjects such as vegetation, spectroscopy,Using physical and chemical experiment conclusion and dust pollution spectrum extracting method.Referring to Fig. 1, this method comprises:
101, the remotely-sensed data for obtaining the target area on minery periphery, using the remotely-sensed data of characteristic wave bands as target areaThe spectrum characteristic data of vegetation in domain.
Wherein, target area is the panel region positioned at minery periphery, and the embodiment of the present invention is to target area and miningThe distance between area is not construed as limiting.Remotely-sensed data refers to the film or photo of record target area electromagnetic wave size, and the present invention is realIt applies example to be not construed as limiting the mode for the remotely-sensed data for obtaining target area, remote sensing satellite acquisition can be used for example.
Characteristic wave bands are a specific wave bands, by dust pollution vegetation and do not existed by the vegetation of dust pollutionThe spectroscopic data of characteristic wave bands has differences, which is greater than the difference corresponding to its all band.Therefore, selected characteristic wave bandSpectrum characteristic data of the remotely-sensed data as vegetation in target area so that the spectrum characteristic data be able to reflect vegetation byDust effect.
102, according to spectrum characteristic data, vegetation index model is responded based on the dust pre-established, obtains target areaEarth's surface Dust Capacity；Wherein, dust response index model is used to reflect the spectrum characteristic data of vegetation in the neighboring area of mineryWith the corresponding relationship between earth's surface Dust Capacity.
Before step 102, dust response vegetation index model can be first established.Earth's surface dust is used in the embodiment of the present inventionThe index for influencing evaluation on periphery dust as minery is measured, earth's surface Dust Capacity is dust accumulation.Dust response vegetation refers toExponential model reflection is in the earth's surface Dust Capacity and neighboring area of minery neighboring area between the spectrum characteristic data of vegetationConnection or corresponding relationship, the i.e. corresponding different earth's surface Dust Capacity of the different spectrum characteristic datas of vegetation.In a step 102,Due to obtaining spectrum characteristic data based on step 101, it can use the Spectral Properties in dust response vegetation index modelThe corresponding relationship between data and earth's surface Dust Capacity is levied, earth's surface corresponding with the spectrum characteristic data of vegetation in target area is obtainedDust Capacity, the earth's surface Dust Capacity are the earth's surface Dust Capacity of target area.Therefore, using earth's surface Dust Capacity to minery to meshThe dust influence in mark region is evaluated.
Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be used in reflecting vegetation spectral features data and earth's surface powder by creatingThe dust of relationship responds vegetation index model between dust quantity, therefore using the model and can need to carry out dust influence evaluationThe spectrum characteristic data of target area obtains the earth's surface Dust Capacity of the target area, big so as to be realized using remotely-sensed dataArea, in real time analysis minery influence the dust that neighboring area generates, and effectively increasing dust influences evaluation efficiency.
Content based on the above embodiment, using the remotely-sensed data of characteristic wave bands as the Spectral Properties of vegetation in target areaBefore levying data, as a kind of alternative embodiment, a kind of pair of remotely-sensed data is provided and carries out pretreated method, including is but unlimitedIn: remotely-sensed data is pre-processed, the geometric distortion that abatement remotely-sensed data occurs relative to target area in ground.
Specifically, the pretreatment that the softwares such as ENVI5.3 and ArcGis10.1 carry out image (i.e. remotely-sensed data) can be usedWork cuts down the interference of misty rain with unified coordinate system, reduces because of the posture of aircraft, height, speed and earth rotation etc.Relative to ground target geometric distortion occurs for image caused by the influence of factor.And satellite number can be reduced by pretreatmentAccording to because weather reason, sensor type it is different caused by error.
Content based on the above embodiment, as a kind of alternative embodiment, dust response vegetation index model passes through followingMode creates: centered on minery, in the neighboring area in minery, measuring dust measurement according to from center outwardly directionThe sample earth's surface Dust Capacity of point；Obtain the sample spectrum characteristic of the sample vegetation near each dust measurement point；Based on sampleThis earth's surface Dust Capacity and sample spectrum characteristic establish dust response vegetation index model.
Specifically, can choose a certain points of contamination for research area, points of contamination can be cement plant or lime stone stope, according toCentered on points of contamination, principle from inside to outside measures the real-time dust pollution degree and day accumulation of dust.Wherein, dustMeasurement point mutually can equally spacedly be arranged in the neighboring area of points of contamination.The sample earth's surface powder of dust measurement point is obtained in measurementWhile dust quantity, it can measure the spectral characteristic of the farmland typical crop (i.e. sample vegetation) near dust measurement point, then mentionSpectral singularity information (i.e. sample spectrum characteristic) caused by due to being influenced by dust pollution is taken, to establish the change of vegetation spectrumChange the connection of off-note (i.e. sample spectrum characteristic) and dust accumulation (i.e. sample earth's surface Dust Capacity) variation degree, onStating connection is dust response vegetation index model.
It is attached to provide a kind of each dust measurement point of acquisition as a kind of alternative embodiment for content based on the above embodimentThe method of the sample spectrum characteristic of close sample vegetation, including but not limited to: sampling obtains the initial spectrum of sample vegetationData；By the way that the initial spectrum data of blank sample are compared with the initial spectrum data of sample vegetation, obtain and be located at featureThe initial characteristics spectroscopic data of wave band；The initial characteristics spectroscopic data that multiple repairing weld obtains respectively is fitted, sample is obtainedThe sample spectrum characteristic of vegetation.
Specifically, the extraction of vegetation spectral features data is broadly divided into vegetation spectral measurement, vegetation spectral information statistics sieveIt selects and three steps is fitted to garbled spectroscopic data using least square.
For first step, vegetation spectral measurement be can be used near ASD portable spectrometer measurement dust measurement pointVegetation leaf spectra information (i.e. above-mentioned initial spectrum data).
For second step, it is comparison that the screening of vegetation spectral information, which is with blank sample (uncontaminated region identical vegetation),Sample screens initial spectrum data, obtains initial characteristics spectroscopic data.Wherein, blank sample is the sample for carrying out blank test, purposeIt is influence of the correction in relation to factor to result, primarily as comparative sample, embodying influences difference degree caused by dust pollution.Sample vegetation same area that principle is identical type, that of the same period, soil regime type is almost the same (vegetation blade hatLayer).Since initial spectrum data have multiple wave bands, and in different wave bands, the initial spectrum data and sample of comparative sampleDifference degree between the initial spectrum data of this vegetation is different, therefore can will be located at characteristic wave bands by comparisonInitial spectrum data are as initial characteristics spectroscopic data.
For above-mentioned third step, carried out using least square method comprehensive to curve (i.e. initial characteristics spectroscopic data)Analysis and research, enhanced spectrum curve is to variation characteristic.This is because initial characteristics spectroscopic data is that wave is wide in X-axis, Y-axis is reflectionValue, then the initial characteristics spectroscopic data is curve in the plane.And curve matching is then because due to Satellite observation or realityGround measurement inevitably will (Dust Capacity of single-point exception causes vegetation growth due to other factors by external influenceState change, diffusing reflection anomalous concentration of light etc., and Satellite observation then be mainly surrounding exposed soil or be mixed with other atural objects letterBreath causes curve irregularly to change), therefore spectrum sample will repeatedly be sampled in a certain range section, for screeningError message carries out the curve matching in unified section, to weaken interference and Enhanced feature curve.
Content based on the above embodiment before screening to initial spectrum data, also provides a kind of deletion initial lightThe method of noise in modal data, including but not limited to: deleting the noise at the setting wave band in initial spectrum data, set wave bandIncluding 1400nm and/or 1900nm.Specifically, it deletes noise and is because in the initial spectrum data collection that is acquired on the spot, oneA little data (1400nm and 1900nm wave band) spectra vicinities will appear the meaningless wave band of interference of the random small wide cut of zigzag, thisA little information employ the precision that can greatly interfere normal data to handle, therefore are screened.Processing method specifically can useOriginLab directly limits batch according to reflection spectrum curve and eliminates.
Content based on the above embodiment provides a kind of pair of initial spectrum data and sieves as a kind of alternative embodimentThe method of choosing, including but not limited to: using at least one of extraction first derivative, smooth curve and envelope processing mode pairInitial spectrum data are screened.
Wherein, smooth curve processing is the interference for eliminating some small-sized noises, reduces error deviation when curve matching, thisOriginlab software can be used in inventive embodiments and compare and analyze different mathematics according to smoothing functions of modulesOperation function, fitting function, and select according to different results a kind of method (savitzky- of suitable embodiment of the present inventionGolay method) carry out line smoothing.
Wherein, envelope is handled, and is specifically exactly envelope removal, is a kind of means of spectral matching factor, this methodAbsorption and the reflectance signature of the curve of spectrum can be effectively protruded, and be normalized on a consistent spectral background, hadIt is compared conducive to other curves of spectrum to extract characteristic wave bands for Classification and Identification.It is also to weaken passive mistake for popularInterference information accidentally only enhances reflectance spectrum wave crest and trough information, facilitates computer and carries out resolution data information manuallyDifference.
Wherein, first derivative (slope of reflectance spectrum, in other words curvilinear motion degree) the even work of second dervative are extractedUnanimously, all it is the information for enhancing Wave crest and wave trough, is preferably shown from another visual angle and emphasize that vegetation is reflected with envelope processingThe situation of change of wave spectrum is to preferably carry out information sifting.
Therefore, the initial characteristics spectroscopic data positioned at characteristic wave bands can be filtered out using the above method.
Content based on the above embodiment measures dust according to from center outwardly direction as a kind of alternative embodimentThe sample earth's surface Dust Capacity of measurement point, further includes: the relative position information between record dust measurement point and minery.SpecificallyGround, the relative position information between also recordable dust measurement point and minery, which may include azimuth informationAnd range information, so as to obtain the incidence relation between earth's surface Dust Capacity and relative position information.
It is further described below based on content of the Fig. 2 to above-described embodiment, minery periphery dust influences evaluationThe process of method will be divided into six parts: data collection, and vegetation spectral features extract, and dust response is established in dust pollution analysisVegetation index, earth's surface dust pollution degree inverting, verifying and conclusion.Six parts are from outward appearance to inner essence processes gradually deepening.ToolBody implementation steps are as follows:
1. data collection: data collection be as remotely-sensed data basis and reliability demonstration it is basic.Data collectionLiterature search and feasibility analysis are contained, this part is to ensure that the basic condition that research work is gone on smoothly.
2. vegetation spectral features extract: the part is broadly divided into vegetation spectral measurement, the screening of vegetation spectral information statistics withAnd three steps that garbled reflection spectrum curve is fitted using least square.Wherein, vegetation spectral measurement usesASD portable spectrometer measures the vegetation leaf spectra information near dust measurement point, and the screening of vegetation spectral information is to use blankSample (uncontaminated region identical vegetation) is comparative sample, using screening out noise (1400nm, 1900nm), extracts first derivative, smoothCurve, the methods of envelope processing screen to curve, analyze and research to curve generalization using least square method, enhancingCurve of spectrum variation characteristic.
3. dust pollution is analyzed: the part is dust measurement on the spot, is extracted for cooperation vegetation spectrum change curvilinear characteristicCorresponding wave band provides foundation, and measures and provide data with mining area positional relationship for analysis and research dust in mine contamination modeIt supports.Wherein, DM-2510T can be used to measure dust actual measured amount.
4. establishing dust response vegetation model: remotely-sensed data pretreatment；Vegetation Spectral Properties are corresponded to using different accumulationsSign situation of change establishes dust response vegetation index.
5. earth's surface dust pollution degree inverting: using vegetation index combination high-spectral data information is newly established, carrying out wave bandOperation obtains the dust pollution degree quantitative analysis results of research area's entirety.
6. verifying and conclusion: investigation is sampled according to the dust pollution amount of inverse model, in conjunction with on-site inspection result intoRow verifying analysis, and obtain final conclusion.
The embodiment of the present invention is carried out using field survey dust day accumulation and the curve of spectrum of transient measurement combination plantAnalysis test, probes into contacting for dust pollution degree and mining area distance and Plant Spectral curve variation characteristic, final using countingMethod carries out probing into a kind of new vegetation index model, and the dust pollution situation of inverting this area is carried out using the model.
The embodiment of the present invention also uses that remotely-sensed data is a wide range of, the advantage of real-time monitoring, in conjunction with dust measurement on the spot withThe connection of plant spectral situation of change is probed into and establishes a kind of new vegetation index model.Based on it has been found that dust forVegetation seriously affects, and the curve of spectrum is caused to change.And the study on monitoring degree that previous remote sensing carries out dust is insufficient, often onlyIt is confined to seek instantaneous dust influence, and can not effectively distinguish dust accumulation, and due to shooting time, wind direction, mining area lifeThe influences such as stages of labor degree will lead to the erroneous judgement of dust range degree.The state that method provided in an embodiment of the present invention passes through vegetation growthSpectrum change situation carry out analysis probe into as dust influence and caused by actual influence extent and scope, become according to plant spectralChanging reaction vegetation growth status and reflecting permanent dust influences.
Content based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of minery periphery dust to influence evaluation systemSystem, which, which influences the minery periphery dust influence that evaluation system is used to execute in above method embodiment, commentsValence method.Referring to Fig. 3, which includes: to obtain module 301 and evaluation module 302；Wherein, module 301 is obtained, for obtainingThe remotely-sensed data of the target area on minery periphery, using the remotely-sensed data of characteristic wave bands as the Spectral Properties of vegetation in target areaLevy data；Evaluation module 302, for responding vegetation index model based on the dust pre-established, obtaining according to spectrum characteristic dataObtain the earth's surface Dust Capacity of target area；Wherein, dust response index model is used to reflect vegetation in the neighboring area in mineryCorresponding relationship between spectrum characteristic data and earth's surface Dust Capacity.
Wherein, target area is the panel region positioned at minery periphery, and remotely-sensed data refers to record target area electromagnetismThe film or photo of wave size.Characteristic wave bands are a specific wave bands, by the vegetation of dust pollution and not by dustThe vegetation of pollution has differences in the spectroscopic data of characteristic wave bands, which is greater than the difference corresponding to its all band.Therefore, it obtainsSpectrum characteristic data of the remotely-sensed data of 301 selected characteristic wave band of modulus block as vegetation in target area, so that the lightSpectrum signature data are able to reflect vegetation by dust effect.
Influence the index of evaluation, earth's surface powder in the embodiment of the present invention on periphery dust as minery using earth's surface Dust CapacityDust quantity is dust accumulation.What dust response vegetation index model reflected is earth's surface Dust Capacity and the week of minery neighboring areaThe different spectrum characteristic datas of connection or corresponding relationship in border region between the spectrum characteristic data of vegetation, i.e. vegetation are correspondingDifferent earth's surface Dust Capacities.Due to obtaining spectrum characteristic data based on obtaining module 301, evaluation module 302 can be withUsing the corresponding relationship between the spectrum characteristic data and earth's surface Dust Capacity in dust response vegetation index model, acquisition and targetThe corresponding earth's surface Dust Capacity of the spectrum characteristic data of vegetation in region, the earth's surface Dust Capacity are the earth's surface dust of target areaAmount.Therefore, the influence of the dust of target area is evaluated using earth's surface Dust Capacity.
System provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be used in reflecting vegetation spectral features data and earth's surface powder by creatingThe dust of relationship responds vegetation index model between dust quantity, therefore using the model and can need to carry out dust influence evaluationThe spectrum characteristic data of target area obtains the earth's surface Dust Capacity of the target area, big so as to be realized using remotely-sensed dataArea, in real time analysis minery influence the dust that neighboring area generates, and effectively increasing dust influences evaluation efficiency.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of electronic equipment, as shown in figure 4, the equipment includes: processor (processor)401, communication interface (Communications Interface) 402, memory (memory) 403 and communication bus 404,In, processor 401, communication interface 402, memory 403 completes mutual communication by communication bus 404.Processor 401 canTo call the computer program that can be run on memory 403 and on processor 401, to execute adopting for the various embodiments described above offerMining area periphery dust influences evaluation method, for example, the remotely-sensed data for obtaining the target area on minery periphery, by characteristic waveSpectrum characteristic data of the remotely-sensed data of section as vegetation in target area；According to spectrum characteristic data, based on what is pre-establishedDust responds vegetation index model, obtains the earth's surface Dust Capacity of target area；Wherein, dust response index model is adopted for reflectingCorresponding relationship in the neighboring area in mining area between the spectrum characteristic data of vegetation and earth's surface Dust Capacity.
In addition, the logical order in above-mentioned memory 403 can be realized by way of SFU software functional unit and conductIndependent product when selling or using, can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, originallySubstantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in other words for the technical solution of inventionThe form of software product embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions toSo that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation of the present inventionThe all or part of the steps of example method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. are various can be withStore the medium of program code.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of non-transient computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program,The computer program is implemented to carry out the various embodiments described above offer minery periphery dust when being executed by processor influences evaluationMethod, for example, the remotely-sensed data for obtaining the target area on minery periphery, using the remotely-sensed data of characteristic wave bands as targetThe spectrum characteristic data of vegetation in region；According to spectrum characteristic data, vegetation index model is responded based on the dust pre-established,Obtain the earth's surface Dust Capacity of target area；Wherein, dust response index model is used to reflect vegetation in the neighboring area in minerySpectrum characteristic data and earth's surface Dust Capacity between corresponding relationship.
The embodiments such as electronic equipment described above are only schematical, wherein unit as illustrated by the separation memberIt may or may not be physically separated, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics listMember, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needsIn some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativenessLabour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment canIt realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, onStating technical solution, substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products in other words, shouldComputer software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including several fingersIt enables and using so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementationCertain Part Methods of example or embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；AlthoughPresent invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be usedTo modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit andRange.