CN109572454B - An electric vehicle intelligent charging station charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent charging station for an electric vehicle, which comprises a charger and charging terminals, wherein the charger comprises an alternating current distribution module, a rectifying module, a switch matrix and a power controller, the alternating current distribution module supplies power to the charger, each charger comprises a plurality of rectifying modules, the rectifying modules are divided into a plurality of groups of power units, the plurality of groups of power units are connected to a plurality of direct current output loops through the control of the switch matrix, each direct current output loop is correspondingly connected with one charging terminal, and the switch matrix switches each group of power units in the plurality of direct current output loops according to a control instruction of the power controller. The invention can realize reasonable distribution of power distribution capacity of the power grid and ensure orderly power supply of residential districts and charging stations.

Description

Charging system of intelligent charging station for electric automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the electric power engineering technology, in particular to a charging system of an electric vehicle charging station.

Background

With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the number of people using electric vehicles is increasing year by year, the charging demand of users is urgent, and the charging demand can be relieved by increasing the construction of charging facilities. At present, the conventional intelligent charging station for the electric automobile has a single charging strategy, cannot meet the charging requirements under different situations, easily causes overload conditions, and causes serious influence on load, voltage and the like of a power distribution network, even influences the domestic electricity consumption and industrial production electricity consumption of residents.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a charging system of an intelligent charging station of an electric vehicle, which realizes charging by various strategies and adapts to charging requirements under different situations

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the charging system comprises a charger and a plurality of charging terminals arranged corresponding to the charger, wherein the charger comprises an alternating current distribution module, a plurality of rectifying modules, a switch matrix and a power controller, the alternating current distribution module supplies power to the plurality of charging terminals, and the switch matrix dynamically controls the plurality of rectifying modules according to a control instruction of the power controller; the power controller issues charging power distribution and load regulation instructions according to the following charging strategy;

full-power sequential charging:

a) each group of group control charging units can realize that each charging terminal outputs constant-power large current for quick charging, and the rest charging terminals do not provide charging service before charging is finished;

b) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle has redundancy in the charging process, the redundant power units are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, and then an idle power charging module sequence is entered;

average power charging:

in each group control charging unit, a plurality of charging terminals output the same charging power and charge vehicles correspondingly connected with the charging terminals;

free-form dynamic power charging:

the charging power requirements are sequentially met according to the sequence of the vehicles entering the charging sequence, and the principle that the vehicles entering the charging sequence can be charged at any time is guaranteed; the specific control logic requirements are as follows:

a) when a vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the idle power of a charger is more than or equal to the charging demand power, distributing and outputting corresponding charging power according to the charging demand to charge the vehicle; if the idle power of the charger is less than the charging demand power, charging the vehicle with the idle power;

b) when the vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the charger has no idle power, the bound power unit of the charging port is used for charging the vehicle entering the charging sequence;

c) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle is redundant in the charging process, the redundant power charging modules are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, then the redundant power charging modules enter an idle power charging module sequence, and the redundant power charging modules are distributed to other vehicles with requirements according to the first-in first-out principle for use.

Preferably, the alternating current distribution module comprises an incoming line breaker, a contactor and a lightning protection device, an output feed is provided with a leakage protection switch, a direct current fast fuse is arranged at a charging connection output end, and the functions of overload protection and short circuit protection are provided.

Preferably, the charger is provided with an input overvoltage and undervoltage protection module, and when overvoltage or undervoltage protection action is input, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

Preferably, the charger is provided with an output overvoltage and overcurrent protection module, and when the output overvoltage or overcurrent protection action is performed, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

Preferably, the output end of the charger is provided with an isolating diode for preventing the current of the power battery from flowing backwards to the charger.

Preferably, the charger is provided with an over-temperature protection module, and power reduction output is adopted when the interior is over-temperature; when the over-temperature protection acts, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

Preferably, in the process of dynamically distributing power, the charger outputs residual voltage when the rectifier module is cut off, and limits output current impact when the rectifier module is switched in.

Preferably, the system also comprises a group control charging control unit, wherein the group control charging control unit is communicated with the power controller and the charging terminal, issues a charging starting-up command and collects charging transaction electric power information.

Preferably, the charger is provided with a temperature and humidity adjusting module, the temperature and humidity adjusting module monitors the temperature and humidity in the charger cabinet, and the temperature and humidity in the cabinet is automatically adjusted to be within a set range.

Preferably, the charger is provided with a water immersion protection module, and the water immersion protection module automatically cuts off an alternating current input power supply when the water level immersed in the cabinet reaches a certain height, and simultaneously sends out an alarm signal.

By adopting the technical scheme, the charger has multiple charging strategies and meets the charging requirements under different situations.

The following detailed description of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic block diagram of a charger;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the electrical schematic of the switch matrix;

fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an electrical scheme of the charging terminal.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, a 10kV three-winding transformer is adopted in a substation, wherein a high-voltage side is connected to a 10kV power grid to supply power to regional loads; the low-voltage side 0.4kV is connected into the intelligent charging station of the electric automobile, the charging equipment of the electric automobile is directly served, and meanwhile electricity utilization supply of residential districts is achieved. The intelligent charging station for the electric automobile comprises a plurality of chargers, each charger is connected with 6 charging terminals, the chargers are designed outdoors, power units are arranged inside the chargers in a centralized mode, the charging terminals are arranged at one ends of parking spaces, the charging terminals are designed with single guns, and a human-computer interaction interface and charging guns are configured. In addition, the system is also provided with a charging monitoring system, a 1-path 20A power supply is introduced to serve as the charging monitoring power supply, each transformer substation can be provided with a station level monitoring system, the station level monitoring system can upload charging, transaction and state information to an area monitoring platform in a wireless mode, and the station level monitoring system comprises a charging monitoring cabinet and a charging monitoring operator station.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the charger includes an ac power distribution module, 12 rectifier modules, a switch matrix, and a power controller, where the ac power distribution module supplies power to 6 charging terminals, the switch matrix has 9 groups of power units, the switch matrix switches the output of each group of power units in 6 dc output loops according to a control instruction of the power controller, and the dc output loops from 1 to 6 are connected to the corresponding 6 charging terminals.

The alternating current power distribution module adopts 1 way 380V power access, and the inlet wire side includes inlet wire circuit breaker, contactor and lightning protection device, and the earth leakage protection switch is established to the output feed, establishes direct current fast acting fuse at the connection output that charges, provides overload and short-circuit protection function.

The rectifying modules adopt a wide voltage output range (200V-750V), a constant power control 15kW intelligent high-frequency switching power supply, 12 rectifying modules are divided into 9 groups of power units, the power of 1-6 groups of power units is 15kW, the power units are respectively connected with 1-6 direct current output loops, the power of 7-9 groups of power units is 30kW, and 7-9 groups of power units can flexibly switch each group of power units in the 1-6 direct current output loops through a switch matrix.

The switch matrix adopts a high-voltage direct-current contactor, and the output of each group of power units is switched at the 6-path charging connection output end according to the control instruction of the power controller, so that dynamic distribution is realized.

The power controller is respectively communicated with the charging terminal, the rectifying module and the switch matrix, issues charging power distribution and load regulation instructions according to the vehicle charging requirement and a preset control strategy, and simultaneously sends the state of the charger equipment and alarm information to the monitoring system.

The charging strategy of the charger is described as follows:

full-power sequential charging:

a) in each group control charging unit, 1 charging terminal outputs 180kW of charging power, so that high-current quick charging can be realized, and the rest charging terminals do not provide charging service before charging is finished;

b) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle is redundant in the charging process, the redundant power units are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, and then an idle power charging module sequence is entered.

Average power charging:

and each group of group control charging units and 6 charging terminals all output 30kW of charging power and simultaneously charge 6 vehicles.

Free-form dynamic power charging:

a) the charging power requirements are sequentially met according to the sequence of the vehicles entering the charging sequence, and the principle that the vehicles entering the charging sequence can be charged at any time is guaranteed; the specific control logic requirements are as follows:

b) when a vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the idle power of a charger is more than or equal to the charging demand power, distributing and outputting corresponding charging power according to the charging demand to charge the vehicle; if the idle power of the charger is less than the charging demand power, outputting the residual idle power to charge the vehicle;

c) when the vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the charger has no idle power, the bound power unit of the charging port is used for charging the vehicle entering the charging sequence;

d) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle is redundant in the charging process, the redundant power charging modules are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, then the redundant power charging modules enter an idle power charging module sequence, and the redundant power charging modules are distributed to other vehicles with requirements according to the first-in first-out principle for use.

In addition, the charger is provided with an input overvoltage and undervoltage protection module, and when overvoltage or undervoltage protection action is input, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

The charger is provided with an output overvoltage and overcurrent protection module, and when the output overvoltage or overcurrent protection action is performed, the rectifier module is shut down and gives an alarm.

And the output end of the charger is provided with an isolating diode for preventing the current of the power battery from flowing backwards to the charger.

The charger is provided with an over-temperature protection module, and power reduction output is adopted when the interior is over-temperature; when the over-temperature protection acts, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

In the process of dynamically distributing power, the charger outputs residual voltage when the rectifying module is cut off, and the rectifying module has the capacity of limiting the impact of output current when being put into use.

The temperature and humidity adjusting module monitors the temperature and humidity in the charger cabinet and automatically adjusts the temperature and humidity in the cabinet to be within a set range.

The charger is provided with a water immersion protection module, and the water immersion protection module automatically cuts off an alternating current input power supply when the water level immersed in the cabinet reaches a certain height and simultaneously sends out an alarm signal.

The charger has the function of protecting the opening of the cabinet door, and when the door of the charging cabinet is opened, the AC input power supply is automatically cut off, and meanwhile, an alarm signal is sent out.

The rack of machine that charges possesses dustproof function, and its ventilation cooling's exit sets up filter screen, electrostatic adsorption device, and filter screen demountable installation conveniently maintains the dismantlement and washs.

The group control charging control unit is controlled by a computer, 1 CAN port is communicated with the power controller and the charging terminal, and the state information, the charging information and the vehicle battery information of the charger are collected; and the 1 CAN port is communicated with the charging terminal, issues a charging starting-up command, collects charging transaction electric power information and executes a cluster load regulation and control instruction.

Referring to fig. 4, the charging terminal includes a charging pile connected to the charger, a charging cable connected to the charging pile, and a vehicle plug connected to the charging cable, and the charging pile is provided with a charging controller. The charging controller is controlled by a computer, is communicated with a charger and a vehicle battery management system, is responsible for connection confirmation with a vehicle, communication of the Battery Management System (BMS) and charging flow control, and uploads information such as connection state of the vehicle, battery charging demand, charging pile state and the like.

The charging controller is provided with an active safety protection module which monitors the power storage battery and the charging terminal, comprises the charging parameters of the power storage battery, the charging requirement, the total charging state and the battery state information, and carries out comprehensive judgment by combining the working state information of the charging terminal, and executes active safety protection measures when the active safety protection conditions are met in the charging process.

The active safety protection condition comprises:

a) the highest single power storage battery voltage is greater than the highest allowable charging voltage;

b) the highest power storage battery temperature is higher than the highest allowable temperature;

c) the charging pile voltage output value, the vehicle charging voltage demand value or the battery charging voltage measured value is greater than the highest allowable charging total voltage;

d) the current output value of the charging pile, the vehicle charging current demand value or the battery charging current measured value is greater than the highest allowable charging current;

e) the accumulated charging electric quantity of the charging pile is larger than the nominal total energy of the power storage battery;

f) the difference between the charging voltage measured value of the power storage battery and the voltage output value of the charger is more than +/-15V;

g) the difference between the charging current measured value of the power storage battery and the current output value of the charger is more than +/-15A;

h) the current state of charge (SOC) and the estimated residual charging time of the power storage battery are not changed within 5 min;

the active safety protection measures comprise stopping charging within 1s, disconnecting the high-voltage direct-current contactor and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply relay and uploading alarm information.

The active safety protection measures comprise stopping charging within 1s, disconnecting the high-voltage direct-current contactor and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply relay and uploading alarm information. The active security protection function may be configured locally or remotely.

In addition, when the following conditions occur in the charging process, the charging controller controls the charger to stop charging and switches off the high-voltage direct-current contactor and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply relay within 100ms,

a) the charger has a fault that the charging cannot be continued;

b) triggering the emergency stop switch to act;

c) disconnecting a protective ground wire between the charging pile and the electric automobile;

d) the connection between the charging pile and the electric automobile is confirmed to be disconnected.

If the communication between the charging pile and the vehicle BMS is overtime, stopping charging, disconnecting the high-voltage direct-current contactor within 10s, and then restarting communication handshake to start charging; if the reconnection is not successful for 3 times, namely communication interruption is confirmed, the charging is stopped, and the high-voltage direct-current contactor and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply relay are disconnected within 10 s.

The vehicle plug is equipped with electronic lock and the mechanical lock with the vehicle interface locking that charges, and when the electronic lock was in the locking position, the unable operation of mechanical lock, charge controller can judge whether reliable locking is locked to the electronic lock, when the electronic lock can not rely on the locking, fills electric pile and stops to charge or can not start charging, under the electric condition of filling electric pile power failure, the electronic lock can automatic unblock, the electronic lock possesses emergent unblock function under the abnormal conditions.

The charging pile has a function of pre-judging the matching of the vehicle pile, and in the stage of vehicle ready charging and starting, after a direct current contactor at the vehicle end is closed, the charging pile detects the voltage of a battery at the vehicle end, and then compares the voltage with the current voltage of a battery of a power storage battery of the whole vehicle, which is sent by the vehicle, and if the difference value between the voltage and the current voltage of the battery is not more than +/-15V and the voltage detection value of the battery is within the output voltage range of a charger; if the difference value of the two exceeds +/-15V or the battery voltage detection value exceeds the output voltage range of the charger, the charging starting process is stopped.

The charging pile has a pre-charging function, and in the vehicle ready charging starting stage, pre-charging control is performed after the charging pile detects the voltage of a battery at the vehicle end and confirms that the matching of the vehicle pile is normal, the output voltage of the charger is adjusted to be less than 10V different from the voltage measured value of the battery, then the charging pile direct current contactor is closed, and the impact current from the vehicle to the charging equipment or from the charging equipment to the vehicle when the charging pile direct current contactor is switched on is controlled to be below 20A.

The charging controller is provided with a discharge control module, the discharge control module is in communication connection with a discharge circuit, when normal charging is finished or abnormal charging is stopped, the discharge control module controls the discharge circuit to discharge the output voltage of the charger in time after the charging pile direct-current contactor is disconnected, and the direct-current output voltage is reduced to below 60V within 1 second.

The charging pile has a direct-current contactor state monitoring function, whether the closing and opening action states of the contactor at each time are consistent with a control command or not is judged, if not, the charging process is stopped, meanwhile, contact adhesion detection is carried out after the contactor is opened at each time, and when the adhesion condition is found, the charging pile gives an alarm and stops service.

The charging controller is provided with an insulation monitoring module for carrying out insulation monitoring on the direct current output circuit, and can be matched with the insulation monitoring function of the electric automobile. The insulation monitoring function of the charging pile meets the requirements of the annexes B.4.1 and B.4.2 in GB/T18487.1-2015.

The charge controller has a function of storing a vehicle charge record.

Fill electric pile and be equipped with auxiliary power module. Fill electric pile and be equipped with the metering module who measures the interface output electric energy that charges. The metering module is an intelligent direct current electric energy meter which meets the regulation of GB/T29318 plus 2012 electric energy metering of the off-board charger of the electric automobile, a current line is connected through a shunt and integrally packaged with the metering module, and the wiring and mounting mode meets the requirement of quick disassembly and assembly and is convenient for a user to verify.

Fill electric pile and possess the charging data record function, gather, save following data in connecting vehicle charging process. Fill electricpile circulation storage 3 at least records of charging to possess the power fail safeguard function.

a) Configuring a charging parameter message (BCP) of the power storage battery in a configuration stage;

b) a battery charging demand message (BCL) in a charging stage, wherein the sampling period is less than or equal to 1 min;

c) a total state message (BCS) of battery charging in a charging stage, wherein the sampling period is less than or equal to 1 min;

d) in the charging stage, a charging state message (CCS) of a charger has a sampling period less than or equal to 1 min;

e) a state information message (BSM) of the power storage battery in a charging stage, wherein the sampling period is less than or equal to 1 min;

f) in the charging stage, the vehicle stops charging messages (BST);

g) the charger stops charging messages (CST) in the charging stage;

h) a vehicle statistical data message (BSD) at the end of charging;

i) and (3) counting a data message (CSD) by the charger at the charging end stage.

Fill electric pile and possess the function of gathering, reporting an emergency and asking for help or increased vigilance, storage to various abnormal information in the control process of charging, report an emergency and ask for help or increased vigilance record storage and be no less than 200 to possess the power fail safeguard function.

The charging pile has the running state indicating function, including 'power source', 'charging' and 'warning', and adopts an LED indicating lamp.

Fill electric pile and possess humidity control module, adjust filling electric pile humidity, prevent to produce condensation harm.

Fill electric pile internal components and parts mounting height apart from the bottom not less than 600mm, prevent that water from invading harm.

Fill electric pile structure and for the preceding door that opens, satisfy and lean on the wall installation to maintain.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile intelligent charging station charging system which characterized in that: the intelligent charger comprises a charger and a plurality of charging terminals arranged corresponding to the charger, wherein the charger comprises an alternating current distribution module, a plurality of rectifying modules, a switch matrix and a power controller, the alternating current distribution module supplies power to the plurality of charging terminals, and the switch matrix dynamically controls the plurality of rectifying modules according to a control instruction of the power controller; the power controller issues charging power distribution and load regulation instructions according to the following charging strategy;

full-power sequential charging:

a) each group of group control charging units can realize that each charging terminal outputs constant-power large current for quick charging, and the rest charging terminals do not provide charging service before charging is finished;

b) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle has redundancy in the charging process, the redundant power units are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, and then an idle power charging module sequence is entered;

average power charging:

in each group control charging unit, a plurality of charging terminals output the same charging power and charge vehicles correspondingly connected with the charging terminals;

free-form dynamic power charging:

the charging power requirements are sequentially met according to the sequence of the vehicles entering the charging sequence, and the principle that the vehicles entering the charging sequence can be charged at any time is guaranteed; the specific control logic requirements are as follows:

a) when a vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the idle power of a charger is more than or equal to the charging demand power, distributing and outputting corresponding charging power according to the charging demand to charge the vehicle; if the idle power of the charger is less than the charging demand power, charging the vehicle with the idle power;

b) when a vehicle enters a charging sequence, if the charger has no idle power, charging the vehicle entering the charging sequence by using a binding power unit of a charging port of the charger;

c) when the charging power distributed to the vehicle has redundancy in the charging process, the redundant power charging modules are cut off one by one on the premise of meeting the charging current, then the redundant power charging modules enter an idle power charging module sequence, and are distributed to other vehicles with requirements for use according to the first-in first-out principle;

the charging terminal comprises a charging pile connected with a charger, a charging cable connected with the charging pile and a vehicle plug connected with the charging cable, the charging pile is provided with a charging controller, the charging controller is provided with an active safety protection module, the active safety protection module monitors the power storage battery and the charging terminal, the active safety protection module comprises charging parameters, charging requirements, total charging state and battery state information of the power storage battery, carries out comprehensive judgment by combining with working state information of the charging terminal, and executes active safety protection measures when active safety protection conditions are met in the charging process,

the active safety protection condition comprises:

a) the highest single power storage battery voltage is greater than the highest allowable charging voltage;

b) the highest power storage battery temperature is higher than the highest allowable temperature;

c) the charging pile voltage output value, the vehicle charging voltage demand value or the battery charging voltage measured value is greater than the highest allowable charging total voltage;

d) the current output value of the charging pile, the vehicle charging current demand value or the battery charging current measured value is greater than the highest allowable charging current;

e) the accumulated charging electric quantity of the charging pile is larger than the nominal total energy of the power storage battery;

f) the difference between the charging voltage measured value of the power storage battery and the voltage output value of the charger is more than +/-15V;

g) the difference between the charging current measured value of the power storage battery and the current output value of the charger is more than +/-15A;

h) the current state of charge (SOC) and the estimated residual charging time of the power storage battery are not changed within 5 min;

the active safety protection measures comprise stopping charging within 1s, disconnecting the high-voltage direct-current contactor and the low-voltage auxiliary power supply relay and uploading alarm information.

2. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the alternating current distribution module comprises an incoming line breaker, a contactor and a lightning protection device, an output feed is provided with a leakage protection switch, a direct current fast fuse is arranged at a charging connection output end, and the functions of overload protection and short circuit protection are provided.

3. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the charger is provided with an input overvoltage and undervoltage protection module, and when overvoltage or undervoltage protection action is input, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

4. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the charger is provided with an output overvoltage and overcurrent protection module, and when the output overvoltage or overcurrent protection action is performed, the rectifier module is shut down and gives an alarm.

5. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: and the output end of the charger is provided with an isolating diode for preventing the current of the power battery from flowing backwards to the charger.

6. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the charger is provided with an over-temperature protection module, and power reduction output is adopted when the interior is over-temperature; when the over-temperature protection acts, the rectification module is shut down and gives an alarm.

7. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: when the charger dynamically distributes power, the rectifying module outputs residual voltage when being cut off, and the rectifying module limits the output current impact when being put into operation.

8. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a group control charging control unit, wherein the group control charging control unit is communicated with the power controller and the charging terminal, issues a charging starting-up command and collects charging transaction electric power information.

9. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature and humidity adjusting module monitors the temperature and humidity in the charger cabinet and automatically adjusts the temperature and humidity in the cabinet to be within a set range.

10. The charging system of claim 1, wherein: the charger is provided with a water immersion protection module, and the water immersion protection module automatically cuts off an alternating current input power supply when the water level immersed in the cabinet reaches a certain height and simultaneously sends out an alarm signal.

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